DE18438C - Innovations in machines for enclosing telegraph wires in a band of insulating material - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus.

insulating material.

Patented in the German Empire on July 5, 1881.

The patent proprietor has established through experiments that vulcanized compounds of Graphite and rubber provide the most perfect, non-conductive or insulating substance, which is known.

In order to isolate such telegraph wires, a plastic compound or mixture of ι part by weight of rubber and 2 '/ ₂ parts by weight of graphite is formed and sufficient sulfur added to convey the Vulcanisation.

With this connection the wires to be insulated are attached to all of them along their entire length Sides uniformly covered or coated, the joint is then vulcanized and is ready for use.

Several wires can be enclosed in a cover, but then care must be taken be given that every wire is perfectly insulated.

This can be done by arranging the various wires so that they are are equidistant from one another and parallel to one another, and that the whole Space between them with the plastic composition of rubber and graphite perfectly is filled out.

This can be done in several different ways. The composition of rubber and graphite is first poured into sheets of suitable thickness, therein in strips cut to the necessary width, which is determined by the number of wires to be insulated is determined.

The wires can then be encased by placing them between two strips of the Composition of rubber and graphite laying or by laying them on a strip and then roll it up sideways.

In both cases, the connection must be subjected to sufficient pressure in order to to weld them together completely into a homogeneous whole, and then vulcanize them will.

Multiple wires can be individually coated, then put together and made into the shape of a Strap or rope, whichever is most convenient for use.

Wires covered with a composition of rubber and graphite of considerable Thickness, about 1.3 cm, can be insulated without any other protection And will remain in a state of perfect isolation for a long time.

The band or belt in which a thread of wires is enclosed can casually 8 cm wide and 1 cm thick and suitable for transport and handling Have length.

A course of wires can be formed and wrapped into a tape, belt or rope of rubber, Gutta-percha or other similar plastic, insulating material included and one or more such tapes or straps can be put in cans

running the full length of the line.

Fig. Ι represents a number of wires that are in a flat belt or band of insulating material are included.

Figure 2 is a section of a can containing a number of such straps or bands.

Fig. 3 shows a number of wires, each with a layer of the described insulating material, and Fig. 4 shows a round cable which is formed by joining the wires thus insulated under pressure.

In order to quickly move bands or straps of isolating composition, the corridors of To generate telegraph wire, a machine is used which is shown in Fig. 5 in Side view (partly perspective), in Fig. 6 in a similar view from the opposite one Side, and shown in Fig. 7 in longitudinal section along a line through the center of the machine is.

Fig. 8 shows an automatic device for stopping the machine in the event that one of the wires is torn off or taken out of place.

It consists of a series of arms, one end of which is rotatably attached to the frame of the machine and the other end of which is bent downwards over the rollers a ⁹ , and which are provided with bifurcated ends with each arm riding on a wire.

When the wire will mature, the arm by its weight and by a spring which acts in the same direction to lay out, and its decline freed a lever having a weight thereon, is disengaged whereby the clutch which ^{l is} the movement of the drive rolls of their Shaft and the gear a ³ mittheilt.

Fig. 9 shows the cross section of a coil of wire.

Fig. 10 shows the end of a spool.

Fig. 11 is a side view of the pressure rollers; on the one hand the strip of rubber composition, the neck, through which the Pass the strips to the pressure rollers and the guide for the wires.

Figure 12 illustrates an empty spool for the strip made of rubber composition.

Figure 13 is a front view of the series of arms shown in Figure 8 and their interconnection with a lever and weight that disengages the clutch to stop the machine, when a wire is torn or taken out of place.

α is the framework of the machine, a ¹ the drive roller and the shaft to which it is attached, a ² a gear on the shaft "'which meshes with the main gear of the machine.

a ³ is the main transmission of the machine, which is ^{set in motion by the transmission 2} and moves all working parts, and the shaft to which it is attached serves at the same time as the lower pressure roller.

β ⁴ is the upper pressure roller, α ⁵ the trimming roller, over which the band of rubber composition passes and on which it is trimmed to a uniform width.

a ⁵ are two rotating knives which are placed on a shaft at a distance corresponding to the required width of the tape; the cutting edges on the circumference just touch the roller a ⁵ without pressing on it, and cut both edges of the tape as this passes between them when the machine is in operation.

a ¹ represents two guide pins between which the tape passes and by which it is held in place.

a ^s is a pulley on shaft a ³ over which a belt runs to drive the take-up reel, and a ^s are a pair of rollers between which the wires pass; one of these has guides on the perimeter, one for each wire, to hold it in its proper relative position.

c is a neck through which the wires and the two strips of rubber composition pass to the pressure rollers α ³ and a ^1.

c ¹ represents the wires, c ² a cross bar with openings at equal distances from one another through which the wires pass, c ^% the strips of rubber and graphite compound that unwind from the coil and with the wires through the neck to the Pressure rollers a ³ and α * pass, c * the strips of muslin, which are separated from the Katitschuk strips and pass to the spools on which they are wound to be removed and used again.

c ^b are the take-up spools to take up the muslin as it is separated from the rubber strips; pulleys are attached to the reels which move them by having a rubber surface that fits into the teeth of the wheel a ^% . engages and receives movement through friction from the same.

C ^ indicates a pinch roller above the roller of the bobbin, which receives the strip of muslin shown in the figure.

c ⁶ are the reels on which the rubber and muslin strips are wound together, c ¹ is a guide or a support roller for the lower strip of rubber composition and c ^% the finished tape or belt with the wires in the same after it has passed the Pressure rollers α ³ « ⁴ , trimming ^{roller α 5} and knife a ⁶ has passed.

c ⁹ is comprises a sleeve which powdered talc, the tape by means of which ^s c

Claims (2)

specially arranged for this purpose rollers e is caused to pass, in that it is intended to change the sticky state of the surface of the rubber composition. e1 are two rotating brushes which run against the two sides of the belt £ 8 to remove any excess powdered talc adhering to the belt; e2 are rollers for guiding and tensioning a strip of tin foil which is wound on a reel e * and runs between said rollers to a take-up reel 'e4 on which the tape c "and the tin foil are wound; the purpose of the latter is to To prevent layers of tape c * from sticking together. The spool e4 is given motion by means of a belt which runs over the pulleys as and e5; the latter is on the shaft of the spool e4. E7 is the main drive belt, it is powdered talc and e? Fig. 5, the top of the belt cs broken away to show the wires Winding muslin smoothly onto the bobbin A similar arrangement is shown in connection with the upper bobbin, which takes up the upper strip of muslin and is denoted by i4, z5 being wire bobbins, z6 a rod with openings zr through which the wires pass, and ζ3 a clutch which engages in the pulley a1 and is activated by a lever z9. After the various wire spools, the spools of the rubber and graphite composition lined with muslin, have been arranged according to the foil and take-up spools and the wire and rubber strips have been inserted and passed between the pressure rollers, the machine will be moved slowly until the Tape cs has passed through the rollers e through the sleeve cs and has united with the tin foil on the take-up reel e4, whereupon the movement continues regularly and the tape c6 is finished and ready for final preparation on the take-up reel. Spools c6 and e4 as well as cs and e3 have the ability to provide as long a strip of ribbon cs as can be conveniently handled. The reels are arranged so that they can be quickly removed and others put in their place when a length of tape is ready. This machine is so designed that it can be arranged to make a band of almost any number of wires; the greater the number of these wires, the wider the tape, and the thickness of the tape can also be increased or decreased at will. Godfather τ-An Proverbs: 1. The machine described above for enclosing telegraph wires in one Bands of insulating material consisting of a support frame, drive pulley, Shafts and gears, pressure rollers, spools, guide rods and guide rollers for the wire, trimming rollers and knives, Bush for powdered talc, guide rollers with levers, weights, arms and automatic Release device consists. 2. A machine for enclosing telegraph wires in a band of insulating composition, which contains the coils c ^b c ⁶ e ^% e ⁴ , the rollers a ³ a ⁴ a ⁹ ee ^b and the knives a ^s in combination. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.