DE1812237A1 - Fall ladder with device for handling the same - Google Patents

Description

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PATENT Attorney DIPL-ING. R. MOLLER-BORNER PATENT Attorney DIPL-ING. HANS-H. WHY BERLIN-DAHLEM 33 PODBIELSKIALLEE 68 S MÖNCHEN 22 Wl D E N MAYERSTRASSE * TEL 0311. 76W07 TElEGR. PROPINDUS TELEX 01M057 TEL. 0811 225585 TELEGR. PROPINDUS TEUX 0524244

21

SCIiAT DAVITS LIMITED
London Colney (Great Britain)

Fall ladder with devices for. Handling the same

The invention relates to a stair step with devices for handling the same, in particular Davits and winches with suspension ropes.

A ship is generally accessible from the main deck. This deck may vary depending on the dimensions and the draft of the ship at a great height above the water or the quay, so that the stairway is proportionate must be long.

When a loaded ship is at a quay or a country

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tion bridge is set and the stairway is set up in the appropriate correct position, the angle of inclination of the stairs changes during the unloading of the ship, because since the upper end of the staircase is firmly attached to the ship, the lower end of the stairs is longitudinal in the horizontal direction moved the quay or the pier. this horizontal displacement often brings in connection with the limited space that is available on the wharf or at the pier, difficulties. in addition, a so ψ long gangway has the disadvantage that this both inboard as Difficult to maneuver outboard. It is also difficult to design a long stair ladder with the required strength and stiffness. Generally a ship is equipped with two stair ladders (one on each side of the ship), but in certain circumstances this number is not Sufficient, with a long ship it has to be in different places A ladder can be attached along the length of the ship.

The operation of the devices for handling and holding such a trap is quite complicated. The load on these devices is constantly changing, reflecting the differences is due in the use of the stair step and the forces exerted by the movements of the ship as a result of the influences of wind and movements of the water surface, such as ebb and flow, Waves, etc., come into effect. The setting of the devices for handling and holding the ladders must therefore be corrected continuously.

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With the present invention, a stairway with Devices for handling and operation are created in which the disadvantages described above are largely eliminated.

According to the invention, the stairway consists of two or more Sections, the successive sections being articulated to an intermediate plateau, the The upper end of the stairway connects to the ship and the lower end is placed on the quay or the like. Included the sections of the stairway can be moved towards each other between two end positions in which the stairway parts form a straight zigzag line once and lie horizontally next to each other another time. A Such designed stairway has the advantage that when the height changes between the ends of the lowered Fallreeps, e.g. ü. changing draft of the ship, the stairway is automatically readjusted, whereby the The lower end of the stairway always remains in the same place on the quay, the landing stage or the like. When the sections of the stair step are brought from one end position to the other end position, move the sections due to the articulated kinks of the zigzag line in the direction of each other. In the The end position, in which the sections of the stairway are horizontally next to each other, can easily be achieved by the stairway handled and stored on the deck in the form of a compact bundle without the need for the to resolve different paragraphs from one another. Every section The required strength and stiffness can be given to the climbing ladders without difficulty «

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According to the invention, an access platform can be provided be that it connects to the upper end of the stairway or to an upper plateau connected to it.

According to the invention, one or more of the Deck of the ship mobile trolleys are provided with devices for handling and operating the Fall ladders are equipped and with the car in the operating positions and in a storage position for the stairway can be set. With such a construction of the stair step, the same can be done on everyone P can be exposed to the desired point along the ship's side and when the stairs are not in use, be stored in a suitable place.

According to the invention, the access platform can be on the trolley be attached.

The devices for heating and lowering the various sections of the climbing ladder can be found at the bottom of the Attack the ladders and the intermediate plateaus.

Because the drums for the ropes are loaded in one. agreed to be coupled with each other or the

Ropes in a certain way in the associated blocks sheared, it can easily be achieved that the movements of the sections of the stair step with the (or the) intermediate plateau (s) to each other take place in a desired ratio. For a two-part stairway is this ratio 2: 1, for a three-part stairway 3: 2: 1.

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Invention device is in an advantageous embodiment the access platform can be rotated through an angle of 180 about a vertical axis in relation to the vagina and the upper end of the stairway can be articulated to part of the access platform, which protrudes beyond the ship's side in the operating position and after turning 180 from this position on the inboard side of the wagon is completely within the breadth of the ship and the davits with the winches for holding the stairway can be arranged on the access platform.

The handling and operation of the fall ladder is very easy with such an embodiment. When the different Sections lie horizontally next to each other, only the access platform needs to be rotated by 180, on which the stairway hangs completely outboard. By simultaneously lowering the ropes in the ratio mentioned above the sections occupy the most favorable position at any height. When the stairs are called should, the sections only need to be raised in the same ratio and then pivoted through 180 °.

Furthermore, according to the invention, a section or can be there are several sections of the stairway at at least one end of one at its end Plateaus with an interposition of one around a vertical one. Connect the axis to the rotatable intermediate platform. At a Such a design of the stairway adapts automatically to changes in the distance between the ship and the wharf or jetty.

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In the case of a stairway with an upper plateau, an intermediate plateau and a lower plateau, these can Plateaus are kept constant horizontally by all of them, for example by means of a rod system, be coupled together.

The means for heating and lowering the sections of the fall ladder can be, for example, so-called yo-yo winches .Be formed, which keep the tension in the suspension ropes within certain values, so that the ropes be wound up when the tension is less than fc a certain minimum value and the ropes are slackened,

when the voltage rises above a certain maximum value. When a ship cleared and the lower plateau is thereby lifted from the quay, the winds automatically release the suspension ropes, so that the plateau is again resting on the quay. When a ship is loaded and the suspension ropes become slack, the ropes become automatic wound up by the winds.

About the same effect can be achieved by using switches located at the bottom of the Fall ladders are arranged and can touch the quay or the landing stage.

Instead of a lower platform, you can also attach a pontoon to the lower end of the stairs.

The invention is illustrated in the following description of some exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a side view of part of a ship with

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a stairway according to the invention} Fig. 2 the stairway according to Fig. 1 in a top view} Fig. 3 the stairway according to Figs. 1 and 2 in a front view}

4 shows a ship with a stairway according to the invention in another version sfortnj

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the stairway according to FIG. Kf

Fig. 6 is a front view of the trapezium according to Figs. K and 5}

Fig. 7 shows a part of a ship with an invention. according to the ladder in a further embodiment in side view;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the stairway according to Fig. 7}

FIG. 9 is a front view of the stairway according to FIG. 7 and 8}

10 shows a part of a ship with the inventive Fall ladder in a further embodiment in side view;

FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the stairway according to FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 a front view of the fall ladders according to FIG. 10 and 11;

13 shows a part of a ship with two according to the invention Fall ladders in a further embodiment in plan view;

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Fig. 14 is a front view of the climbing ladder according to Fig. 13.

FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show part of a ship 1 which is moored at a quay 2. Rails k , which form a track for two cars 5 and 6, are arranged on deck 3 of the ship. The car 5 is equipped with two davits 7 and 8 and the car 6 with two davits 9 and 10. The davits 7 »8, 9 and 10 carry a ladder which consists of three sections 11, 12 and 13. The upper end of the section 11 is connected by means of a horizontal hinge 14 to an upper plateau 15, which again

^ in turn with a pivotable about a vertical axis 16

Access platform 17 is connected, which extends up to the carriage 5. The upper section 11 of the stairway is connected at its lower end to an intermediate platform 19 by means of a horizontal hinge 18, which in turn is connected by means of a horizontal hinge 20 to the upper end of the section 12 of the stair ladder is. At the other end is the section 12 by means of a horizontal hinge 21 with a second intermediate plateau 22 connected, which in turn by means of a horizontal hinge 23 with the upper end of the lower section 13 of the stairway is connected. At the lower end is the section by means of a horizontal hinge 24 13 connected to a lower plateau 25 which is on the quay 2 rests or is held immediately above the same. In the illustrated embodiment, the stairway is complete carried by davits 7 »8, 9 and 10. The davit 7 carries the upper plateau 15 by means of a support rope 26 which engages on a yoke 27, which by means of four ropes 28 is connected to the plateau 15. In a corresponding manner, the davit 8 carries the yoke 30 via the rope 29 and four ropes 31 the intermediate plateau 22. The davit 9

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carries over the rope 32, the yoke 33 and four ropes 34 the intermediate plateau 19 and the davit 10 carries over the Rope 35, the yoke 36 and four ropes 37 the lower one Plateau 25 · The various winches for winding and unwinding the ropes 26, 29, 32 and 35 are not shown in the drawing.

In operation, the upper plateau 15 takes a predetermined one Position in relation to deck 3 of the ship. The lower plateau 25 is at a certain height, held above the quay 2 so that the plateau 25 is always easily accessible. When the ship 1 rises or lowers, the zigzag line formed by the stairway sections 11, 12 and 13 will stretch or unfold more. During this movement of the stairway sections, the upper platform 15 and the access platform 17 take place almost the same position in the longitudinal direction of the ship. The lower plateau 25 also almost remains in the same place on quay 2. The stairway can thus continue to operate normally, in spite of the fact that it is changing height that has to be bridged. You can use the different winches for ropes 26, 28, 32 and 35 operate separately and independently of each other. The drums of these winches can also be coupled in such a way that that the ratio of the distances over which the ropes 32, 28 and 35 are unwound or wound up behave like 1x2: 3

When the stairway is no longer needed, the plateaus 19, 22 and 25 can go so far with the help of the winches be said that the sections 11, 12 and 13 lie horizontally next to each other. Make up these sections

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then a bundle that is easy to handle »The cars 5 and 6 have to be moved at a distance from one another, for example the car 6 is brought into position 6 ¹ and the davits 7, 8, 9 and 10 into the positions - 7 ', 8', 9 'and 10' can be brought. ' The whole stairway is then in the form of a bundle on the two cars 5 and 6. The cars can then, for example, be moved together to practice the track 4 to a covered place, where the car and the staircase are protected from the weather and stored in good hands can be. The access platform 17 can be pivoted 90 about the vertical axis 16 with respect to the upper platform 15, so that this platform 17 does not protrude beyond the carriage 5 when the carriages 5 and 6 are moved.

It is also possible that the stairway sections are uncoupled from the davits in the form of a bundle and placed on the deck on the inboard side of the track 4. The carriage 5 and 6 with the davits u _e etc., can then be used for other purposes.

FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 also show a ship 1, J lying on a quay 2. Rails 4 are again arranged on deck 3 of the ship. Three carriages 40, 41 and 42 travel on the track formed by these rails 4. A davit 43 is arranged on the carriage 40 and can be pivoted about an axis 44 in the transverse direction. In a corresponding manner, davits 45 and 46 are arranged on the carriages 41 and 42 and are pivotable in the transverse direction about axes 47 and 48, respectively. The case

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reep consists of two sections 49 and 5O. The upper end of the section 49 is articulated to an upper plateau 51 which is provided with an access plateau 52. In the embodiment described in FIGS. 1, Z and 3, this plateau 52 can also be rotated through 90 ° in the horizontal direction. The sections 49 and 50 are attached to an intermediate plateau 53 in an articulated manner. The lower end of the section 50 rests directly on the quay 2. The davit 45 carries the plateau 51 with the help of a support rope 5 ^ i a yoke 55 »two ropes 51 and a rope 57 · Όβ, β plateau 51 is thus suspended at three points In a corresponding manner, the davit 43 carries the plateau 53 by means of a carrying rope 58, a yoke 59, ropes 60 and a rope 61. The lower end of the section 50 is carried by the davit 46 by means of a carrying rope 62, a yoke 63 and two ropes 64 «

When the stairway is in the position shown, the rope 62 can be released with the yoke 63, so that the trolley 42 with the davit 46 can be used for other purposes

The stairway 49, 50 can as well as in the based on the Fig. 1,2 and 3 described embodiment after use are again called such that the sections 50 and 49 lie horizontally next to each other, after which the stairway can be placed on the trays 40 and 41. Also can the stairway on the inboard side of track 4 the deck 3 can be placed in the position 49 ', 50 *. That Access platform 52 is in the storage position in the

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Extension of the section 49 pivotable and takes then, for example, position 52 · a »

The ropes 61 and 58 and the ropes 5.4 and 57 can wound in pairs on a single drum or on drums coupled to one another «

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 9 also has a two-part staircase made of sections 70, 71 with an intermediate platform 72 ₆ an access platform 73 »which is rotatable about a vertical axis 75 with respect to the carriage 73. The access platform 74 has a part 76 which protrudes beyond the ship in the position of the platform shown. The platform 76 also carries fixed davit heads 78, 79 and 80 and heads 81 and 82 fixed on the part 76. The platform 72 is carried by the davit heads 78, 79, 80 by means of the cables 83, 84 and 85, while the davit heads 81 and 82 carry the lower end of the section 71 via the cables 86, 87.

The ladder 70, 71 shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 also follows the movements of the ship 1 in relation to the quay 2, the upper and lower ends of the Fall ladders remain almost in the same place in relation to the ship or the quay. When the stairway up is brought into the storage position in the manner already described by the sections 70, 7I horizontally can be arranged side by side, the stairway

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here in a simple manner in the inboard division be brought by the plateau 74 by 180 ° around the Axis 75 is rotated. Car 73 with the stairway can then drive to a safe storage area and open the stairway on the inboard side of the car 73 the deck to be laid. When using the climbing ladder 70 » 71 the ropes 83, 84 and 85 can be on a single drum or wound onto drums rotating synchronously with one another.

The stair step 70, 71 can take place in the storage position rest on the deck on specially made supports.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 there is a carriage 90 with a plateau which can be rotated about an axis 91 92 placed on track 4 on deck 3 of ship 1. The plateau 92 carries a rotatable about a vertical axis 93 upper plateau 94, on which the upper section 95 a stair step is attached. The section 95 has at the lower end an intermediate plateau 96 on which a transition piece 97 is attached, which is rotatable with respect to the plateau 96 about a vertical axis 98. At the transition piece 97 is by means of a horizontal hinge 99ein second section 100 of the stairway attached. The lower end of the section 100 rests on the quay 2. On the axle 91 davits 101 and 102 are arranged at the same time, which the stairway via ropes 103 and 104 and not shown Carry yokes with auxiliary ropes. Through the pivot points 93 and 98 can be the lower end of the stairway in pretty much large distance from the ship 1 are brought. The stairway can thus be easily moved both in height and direction Adjust in the horizontal direction.

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When the sections 95 and 100 lie horizontally next to one another, the plateau 92 can about the axis JM 180 are rotated "so that the stairway gets into the division 95'i 100 *" By the fact that the davits 101, 102 are quite long, a large distance in the horizontal direction can be bridged by daa'Fallreep will.

Fig · "\" i and 14 show an embodiment that is particularly

ι is suitable for use on wide ships «

w In the cross-sectional direction is on deck 3 of the ship

A track 110 is arranged · A carriage 111 is located on this track 110. This carriage is equipped with a track section 112 which runs in the longitudinal direction of the ship. Along the edges of the deck 3 are gleif 113 and 11 4 are arranged, which have an interruption of the length of the track section 112 in the area of the transept track 110. If the vague 111 in the one extreme position, iat the track 113 completely, what for track 114 in the other extreme position of vag 111 applies. The track section 112 carries one Vagen 115 with a vertical axis 116, about which a platform 117 and davit arms 118 and 119 are rotatable. the Arms 118 and 119 support two trapezium sections 120 and 120 121. The stairway 120, 121 is like that in Fig. 10,

II and 12 shown executed. In Figs. I3 and the operating positions of the various parts of the stairway are indicated by dash-dotted lines. In the Continuously drawn position the stairway 120, 121 lies on special supports 122, 123. The articulated Connection between section 120 and the plateau 117 is then resolved. In Fig. 14 is on the right

BAD ORIGINAL 9098 * 2/0271

Side a wide stairway 124, 125, that too rests on special supports 126, 127. As a result of Width of ship 1 are the stairs and the vagina In the middle of the ship on a safe Stell ·.

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Claims (6)

-A6- claims 1. Fall ladder with devices for handling and operation, in particular davits and inden with carrying ropes, characterized in that the stairway consists of two or more sections (11,12,13) that the successive sections are articulated to an intermediate platform (19 »22), the upper end of the ladder adjoins the ship (i), the lower end to the quay (2) or the like can be placed and that the sections (11,12,13) ψ of the stairs in relation to one another between an end stump in which they form a straight zigzag line, and another end position, in which the various sections of the climbing ladders lie horizontally next to each other, can be moved » 2. Fall ladder according to claim 1, characterized ^ that an access platform (1?) is provided "that adjoins the upper end of the stairway (11) or an upper plateau (15) connected to it. 3 »Fallreep according to claim 1 or 2 ,. marked by this- " net that one or more over the deck (3) of the ship (i) Mobile carriages (5 »6) are provided with the means (7» 8 »9» 1θ) for handling and operation of the fall ladders (11,12,13) are equipped and with the vagaries (5 | 6) in the operating positions and in a Storage position of the stair step can be fixed. 9098 A 2/0271 ORIGINAL INSPECTED ■ / ^i: ''"''■"^{; l11} '■ ■■■■' ■ ■ '"''Hf.!? R- ™ !! ■■■ ■■■ ' ■ ''",! "! !! I r '"ν; ::. ■ ■ ,. . . ". ΙΟΊ -17- 4. Fall ladder according to claim 3, characterized in that that the access platform (17 on the Vagen (5) l * t attached. 5. stairway according to claim k, characterized in that the access platform (7 ^ with respect to the vagina (73) by an angle of 180 ° about a vertical axis (75) iat that the staircase (70, 71) with his upper end (70) is articulated (77) connected to a part of the access platform (76), which protrudes over the board of the ship (i) in the operational division of the fall ladder (70, 71) and after turning 180 of the platform (7 *) 0 & among other things this position on the inboard side of the wagon (73) lies completely within the width of the ship (1) and that the davits (78,79,80,81 82) with the winches for carrying the staircase (70,71) on the Access platform (7 * 0 are arranged « 6. Fall staircase according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more sections (95,100) of the fall stairway are at least one end to the plateau (92 or 96) located at this end via a with respect to this plateau ( 92 or 96) connect the transition piece (9k or 97) that can be rotated around a vertical axis (93 or 98). ORIGINAL INSPECTED Gn / üa 909842/0271 Λ? Blank page