DE1802932B2 - Method for producing an electrical switch contact - Google Patents

Description

8 The method according to claim 1, characterized in that 6 ₅ O _t m ^^ 'f ^

indicates that the thickness of the are deformable on the support, so that? £ ^ 2 ^ 5 ^ Α ^

Α! ^{KontaktscWcht about 5} αjariryÄSSS ^^

3 4

Contact material clad carrier plates or setting of switching contact plates or springs in strips with considerable difficulties such as thicknesses, the required high numbers of pieces are eliminated
Fluctuations and rolling textures is connected. The invention is based on the task of finding a contact surface is not sufficient to find the straight process, which can be implemented without a great deal of technical effort in the contacts described above and which allows it to play a decisive role The high demands placed on a relatively thick contact layer on a metalli. Since also galvanic plating processes see carriers in an economically justifiable manner did not lead to the goal of producing in the present case. Such switching contact platelets or attempts have also been made to number the cones in an extraordinarily large piece clock layer on the metallic carrier, so that the production can be made with densation as possible as the gas phase. low cost has long been a real problem

Therefore it has already been suggested that the contact represents

To produce a layer on the carrier by the fact that this object is achieved in a process Contact material in a gas-tight sealed for the production of an electrical switch contact plate housing, in which a high vacuum is maintained or a switch contact spring for the weak is evaporated by means of electron beams and electricity technology, consisting of a metallic is condensed on the carrier. However, it has been found that the carrier is at least on one surface side shows that the control of the temperature of the condensate partly with a contact material in a gassation surface an extremely difficult to solve tightly sealed housing with a gas atmosphere problem represents when relatively thick, for example ao sphere under reduced pressure by atomization 10 μΐη and more thick layers are coated from heavy, by the union of the following steamable material such as tungsten, features:

Molybdenum or rhenium on the carrier generated _{DJE Gasatmowhäre MTMT merte and / or}

should be. In order to avoid the electron beam - those more reactive ones that interact with the contact

bombardment vapor produced exploit low to a con- _{5 material Verbi m} ^ '^ _{nd 6 carbide boride}

The distance between the steam source and the _{nitride must react} .

Carrier should be as small as possible. In this way 'of of the at least 3600 ° C befind- _b · ■, γ, ^bb loan molten metal outgoing heat radiation f _{contactless m lie} GFIM range of 10-2 mm _H g effect _s' but _{the pressure is chicht Μηα &} Hochfrequenzauf the exchanger extremely high, so that special advantages must be taken precautions 30 plasma discharge onto the substrate to a thickness to the £ _{on χ feis WQ m m from differences} J _{soft one} exchanger to dissipate heat zugestrahUe. Moreover, slotted hollow cylinder is generated, inner affects the strong temperature radiation at al en STEL g, _{b whose one electrode angeo RDnet} ^S ^.
_{The inside of the housing, at least the inner} surface of the hollow surface, is gas-desorbing, so that huge quantities _{of the} pump sets to be atomized are necessary to ensure the high-contact material.

Maintain vacuum Too high a pressure of _{the m coating} ; _nde surface area of the wearer

especially with tungsten or molybdenum leads to _{wW m dn a certain distance except} .

defective, brittle layers. In addition, make _the hollow cylinder facing the slot

strong currents of scattered electrons are arranged in a rather disruptive manner

rend noticeable. The evaporation rate of these ^s

Metals is even at high electron beam powers. From French patent specification 1502 647 are

very low, because the heat losses, on the one hand due to a method and device for applying

the heat dissipation at the water-cooled connections of thin layers, such as protective layers, connec-

steam crucible, on the other hand through the heat radiation layers or cladding layers, by means of

ment of the molten bath surface, extremely high atomization special electrode shapes known that

are. It also prepares the production of contact as a means for generating the high-frequency field

layers of alloys by means of the electron also act capacitively. These electrode shapes are

jet evaporation process is considerably difficult, however, with losses that have to be expended

50 energy is great and the efficiency of the atomization

composition within the entire contact layer. exercise low.

Also the evaporation of platinum, palladium, from the German patent 1131484 a rhodium or a base alloy of a metal die-process and a device for the vapor deposition of this group under reduced pressure for the purpose of metals on a carrier known, which is belt conveyor production of contact layers with is of considerable design and is connected to a cylinder, with some difficulties, because this way is coiled, wound up.
talle in the molten, overheated state, as it has proven particularly useful, the present invention is present in the evaporation, react with the usual methods for high-melting, difficult to deform crucible materials. Metals from the group molybdenum, tungsten, rhe-

Attempts to make contact layers using the 60 nium, ruthenium, iridium or for a base alloy

under the name cathode sputtering in itself a metal of this group or for a

known, but used for other purposes, alloy of at least two metals of these

drive to establish - regardless of whether it is a group. The inventive method can advantageously

Diode, triode or tetrode processes are also available for metals from the platinum group,

delt -, have shown that for the production of a 65 palladium, rhodium or for a base alloy

sufficiently thick contact layer on the support of a metal of this group can be used because

such a long time is required that the process does not use a crucible for receiving the

alone because of inefficiency for the Her- Metalls is necessary and thus disadvantageous reac-

5 6

Functions with the crucible material, which have been shown to be useful when producing good results with regard to contact resistance, vaporization of these metals under reduced pressure and service life, which have been observed, can be avoided. The method according to the invention from the group of gold, silver, platinum, palladium has also proven to be very useful for the contact layer made of high-melting, difficult-to-adjust contact layers made of a base alloy that can be formed into an additional layer of gold or silver . or from a base alloy made from a metal of this group. The plasma generated in the hollow cylinder by a high-frequency group or from an alloy of at least two can advantageously also apply metals from this group. These are additionally compressed by a magnetic field, whereby the noble metal layer, the thickness of which is smaller than particularly high sputtering rates, can be achieved by melting the thickness of the contact layer from high melting points. Contact layers produced according to the invention are selected for the metal that is difficult to deform, and in many cases they demonstrate very good adhesion to the carrier, they apply approximately V ™ the thickness of the contact material. Even in the case of a bending test of 90 °, such contact layers will advantageously not have any cracks immediately afterwards and will not flake off the carrier when the contact layer is applied. The microhardness 15 demonstrates that, in the same gas-tight sealed values of sputtered contact layers of high-housing, in which a pressure in the range of melting, heavy metals are deformable 10- ^z mm Hg is maintained until lmm Hg, also very low. For example, the following noble metal or noble metal alloy even micro-hardness values (Vickers with 25 g load) were measured by high-frequency plasma discharge if necessary: Tungsten 380, molybdenum 230, ruthenium 30 dusted and deposited 320 on the contact layer .

Also for the coating of the carrier with a contact layer shown schematically in FIG. 1, which consists of an alloy, provided an embodiment of a device the method according to the invention has proven to be very useful. Implementation of the method according to the invention lasts. The alloy contact layers had the 25 the method is briefly described, the same properties as the atomized form. Figs. 2 and 3 each show a vertical section transition alloy and they corresponded, as by switching contact analyzes produced according to the invention was found in their joint platelets.

setting the composition of the base alloy. In the housing 1, which is sealed in a gastight manner, there is also, after a long removal time, despite 30 hollow cylinders 2, which have a slot 3, different heats of vaporization of the alloy. At least the inner surface of the hollow cylinder does not change the composition of the material to be atomized; self-determination of the starting alloy to be atomized, of course, the entire hollow cylinder can also be made. to be atomized material exist. The electrode 4 is arranged in the axis of contact layers made of a metal carbide, metal bond 35 of the hollow cylinder. The or nitride can also be produced in an advantageous manner with the electrode according to the invention and the hollow cylinder using the Hoch process. frequency generator 5 connected. Via the noble gas, for example pure argon, a gas, for example pure argon, which is known per se, is added to the housing via the noble gas located in the gas-tight needle valve 6, which is provided with a gas-tight needle valve 6. Wiid by means of the vacuum pump unit 8 is a pressure in the range of 10 ~ ^z mm dung of a carbide, boride or nitride reacts with the sputtered metallic material under BiI- in the housing. 1 Maintain Hg to 1 mm Hg. Above the reaction product, condensation is then carried out on the support as a hollow cylinder 2, not too far from the contact layer. Schute 3, a frustoconical body 9 is rotatably arranged for the production of large quantities of inventively 45 bar. A switching contact plate coated in accordance with the belt conveyor 10 is wound onto this body, which has been found to be particularly advantageous to be coated according to the invention with the Konoder -federn , in which the upper game that is not to be coated is selected in such a way that surface parts are covered when viewed from left to right. These carriers will cover part of the flow of atomized metal particles slowly through the surface of the preceding carrier tape turn during the coating, so that only the surface part that remains free moves, for example, in a not too great distance of a carrier tape turn with the contact layer next to the slot is layered in the gas-tight sealed. Inside the hollow cylinder 2 there is a hollow cylinder housing arranged. After the 55 is coated with a plate or band-shaped carrier when the high-frequency generator 5 is excited, high-frequency plasma discharge is generated by the metal particles from the hollow cylinder 2 layering device, the switching contact plates and the electrode 4 are removed from them outside the housing. These metal or springs are punched out A fraying of the cut metal particles emerge as a stream of particles 11 through the edges was not observed 60 through the slot 3 and if the carrier materials are deposited on the carrier material, the usual metal strip surface has been deposited. During this see support materials proven, in particular ferro-inventive coating of the support 10, magnetic materials such as iron, the body 9, as indicated in the direction of the arrow, long nickel alloys, but also nickel silver, brass, sam rotated so that after and after all free upper bronze or pure metals such as copper, silver or 65 flat surface of the carrier 10 through the particle filing. current 11 is sensed through it and thus coated with the contact layer also in the case of the switching layer produced according to the invention. When the entire Trälcontaktplättehen or -federn has been coated to educate the body 9 from the

Housing 1 removed, the carrier tape 10 unwound from it, and then in normal Atmosphere from the carrier tape punched the switching contact plates or springs.

2 and 3 show a vertical section through switching contact plates coated according to the invention. In Fig. 2, the carrier 10 is partially on its surface with the contact layer 12, both

for example, made of high-melting, difficult-to-deform metal. In the case of the FIG. 3 shown Switching contact plate is also on the contact layer 12, the thickness of which, for example, is of the order of magnitude is about 10 μπι, nor a noble metal layer 13 dejected. The thickness of the noble metal layer 13 is approximately for this example 1 μπι to a few μπι.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (7)

Patent claims: ! ² 9 Method according to one of the preceding I. Process for the production of an electric Neusilbej M ^ g Switching contact plate or a switching contact 5 Sdber or nickel, v spring for low-voltage technology, consisting of
a metallic support, which at least
on one surface side partially with a
Contact material in a gas-tight sealed housing with a gas atmosphere below OK reduced pressure by sputtering coated _PRFI ndune relates to a method of, is characterized by of association * ™ ίϊώ2 electrical Schaltkontaktplättgung following features: cS ode a switching contact spring is mildly for the gas atmosphere contains inert and / or ctromtechnik?. , ... such reactive gases with the contact _{^a, the relay} of the low-voltage electrical engineering, material to a compound such as carbide, in particular of telecommunication are in to boride or nitride react; increasingly designed as a protective gas relay with magnetic pressure is in the range of 10 ~ ² mm Hg _h actuation. To the contact mechanism up to 1 mm Hg; _{ao materials} are particularly high demands, the contact layer by means of high-frequency _when ^ _{6 of} the relay expected high bcnaltquenzplasmaentladung to the carrier (10) _{Z! m} len of the order of 10? to \ Q ^S erdcht in a thickness of 1 to 100 μχα _so n _e n. The contact materials are those which are produced in a slotted hollow cylinder - for example, difficult to deform metals such as WoIfder (2), within which a _{ram of} molybdenum, Rhenium, ruthenium or base electrode (4) is arranged; alloys of the metals mentioned are used. Inswenigstens the inner lateral surface of the hollow _be s d _{On he} e reach Schaltkontaktplattchen or cylinder (2) consists of the switching to zerstäuben- contact springs for use, which consists of the contact material; m _a metal support consist of the groove which the i _S e coated surface to be coated portion of the contact material on at least one surface support (10) is in a certain intervals _{we page ts.} Suitable materials for the stand outside the hollow cylinder, the carrier, are ferromagnetic materials, such as the slot (3) arranged facing. for example iron-nickel alloys, but also ,. ,, Noii ^ ilher Messine, bronze or pure metals like 2. The method of claim 1, characterized overall NeusiIber M "ang, _{profits or} losses respects indicates that as the contact material Mo, W, 35 ^ J ^ rid ^ Snind service life Re, Pt, Pd, Rh, Au, Ag, Ru, Ir or a basic hch Kontaktwidemana ^ ^^ ^^ alloy of a metal of this group or a ^^^ '^ 1 or with a base alloy Alloy of at least two metals of these ^ f ™ ^ X _{en MetaU} _ that is an alloy, Group is atomized. The main component is a difficult to deform material 3. The method according to claim 1 characterized by 4 <> ^ n Ha ^ ptbestan ^ ^ ^ ^ indicates that the in the hollow cylinder (2) gLJ ^ k ^ gddcbt in addition a high-frequency plasma generated at Kon by em magnetic contact ^ erstomcni ^ ^ ^ _dissipates field is compressed. Layer of a precious metal from the group gold, 4. The method according to claim 1 characterized overall ™ _r piatinmetall or a noble metal base indicates that the inside of the hollow cylinder "f ^llb _p ^e '' ^{P 'a} V ™ _et ^ i _s of this group - this is a (2) arranged Electrode (4) is rod-shaped - ^^^^^ S ^ SSaiiS is a noble metal, in the axis of the hollow cylinder lies Lgerui. ..ren η P _{we uffl die Rei} . and from the contact material to be atomized dte ^ _; ·: ;;. I _{veI to} reduce biidene erosion. Procedure according to one of the foregoing _{and n 5} o JJ ^ - ^ Ä ^ S can, ^ Claims, characterized in that em precious metal ^ """^ j. _{K Ut often} the Plate or ribbon-shaped carrier (10) used ^ f ^ \\ ^ Ζ ^ Ζ £ Ko ^ St Z that on a rotatable body (9) is tenfold on the irager J »™ B ^e "" wraps is, «ter during atomization and gh-r -rformb ^« JJSÄ ^ SÄ S the assembly is rotated slowly. 55 Thickness sit, diMj w μ 6. The method according to claim 5, thereby moderately about 10 μΐη strongly sern indicates that the plate or ribbon-shaped A is particularly ^ «J ^ Carrier (10) on a frustoconical body production ^. ^ X ^ is wound by such that the turns richtentechmk certain ^ of the wearer overlap each other. 6o or switch contact springs that are included in 7 vSen nS ^ Requirement 1 as a result, large numbers of items are required kennzdSuS ^ iS £ Σ £ ^ Ά & ^ e WTS ^ SSÄ i ^ gases and up to about 20 percent by volume hydrogen ^ d