DE1794252A1 - yarn - Google Patents

Description

DR ₅ -ING. WALTER ABITZ β Munich 27, Ρΐ · ηζβηαυβΓ * »οββ 28 '

DR.OIETERMORF Telephone 483225 and 48 * 415

Tl Chld Mü

Telegrams: Chemlndv »Munich

37th Smpfmtmr 1968 YP-5 / T?

B. X. DU POIKF OB NBMOURS AMD COMPAIIY lOth and) lark «t Street, Wilmington, Del. 19898, V.St.A,

(ktrn

The discovery concerns a built-up Indian thread fern · 4a · constricted (- «iobte) polyanide fi lids β we! He various types _f ^ eweil · on "rwndlege of etereoieoeere" bending (p-aeinooycl (Ae "3RL) -β" than (PICM) \ md eeinen Diaein homologs, includes, Bowie aue dieeen yarns mountains, "said goods eeidenartifer

In the past main station η for the training "in a stronger lukewarmness of gladly familiar Netboden sua Xrttueeln von Indloefadengut au · künetliotoe«, organiacbem Polyeerea have been developed, sB · da · Palechdrallen, the Stauohkaeeerbaadlung, the Irltaeelnng in a Heisegaeel-or the treatment at a cutting edge a furbulenadüee. The prior art contains numerous references to the equal treatment of two types of yarn on a roller device. Since there are identical claws in two strands of yarn, different 2ueaaa-

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getsung let s.B. In US patents 2,805,108 » 3,255,580, 3,186,155 and 3,175,348. While

this literature be crimping methods for mixed thread yarns

writes "1st" at evidently very little endeavored to create a combination of fluffiness and puffiness With permanent crimps, optimal mixtures for crimping can be developed.

Misehead yarns are also known which bulge spontaneously without the action of mechanical frizzling forces. For example, mixed filament yarns are described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,225,534, 3,200,576, and 3,061,998. These yarns generally give textile goods a very desirable softness, but not for the softness of certain fabrics. Types of goods which otherwise resemble soft silk goods, such as crepe de chine or broadcloth (a poplin-like, light fabric, especially suitable for shirts and the like) they are exposed to tensile forces in the goods. ψ

It has now been found that an improved, fluffy Yarn is obtainable by mechanically mixing mixed yarns in which at least two types of PACM polyamide threads are present krBuaelt.

In the course of the development of the bulked mixed thread yarns according to the invention for the slnsats in silk-like goods It has been shown that for the creation of a high degree of bulkiness and resistance to unruffing in the case of the Weaving »drying, dyeing or heat setting resulting in conditions

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The composition of each component and the coordination of the two types of thread are important.

The present invention thus provides improved bulked yarns of a blend composition that can be used for the production of pliable and "living" art goods with a permanent structure

The yarn according to the invention is made up of a mechanically crimped, thereof tied, built-up yarn of continuous filaments made of organic polymers! formed containing at least two types of intermingled Polyaaid Xhermoplastf & den in the thread bundle, the two types of thread in the bundle having different average lengths on a given length of the built yarn * at least 50 wt. 7 & the repeating units in the polymer of each of the types of threads In the mlech thread the formula. "■: ·

HO 0

■ »M Il

-HC- (Oi ₂ ) -C-

have, where χ is 1. or 2 and y is an integer in the range from 9 to 14 1st, the groups R can be identical or different and are hydrogen or methyl and S is saturated, where at least 40 wt amino-ingredient is a stereoisomeT "Tian, trans configuration have, and the crimp ratio of the yarn in the range of 2 to 25 I> and the two types of crimped filaments have a filament in the bundle length difference of at least 5 3 *. Preferably, the threads in the Kisch thread yarn have an average one

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A crimp frequency of at least 7 »9 crimps / cm (20 / inch) drawn down to length when extended. The invention also includes the new high quality goods obtained with the yarn according to the invention.

Kacta a preferred embodiment contains the mixed yarn threads of dea PACM-12 homopolymers and threads of 90/10-PACM-12 / PAOM-I, the abbreviation "PACM-IZ" the polyamide based on bis-ip-aminocyclohexyD-methane (PACM) and dodecanedioic acid (12 carbon atoms) and »9O / 1O-PACM-12 / PACM-I ^W a mixed polymer based on bis (p-aminocyclohexyl) methane and a mixture of dodeoanedioic acid and isophthalic acid (I) im the obtaining of a polymer having 90 i "bis (p-aainocyclohexyl-HWthaaJ-dodecanediamide units, and 10 Gew.jG bis (p-aminocycloheijliietbanJ-ieophthalaaid-Binheitijn corresponding Verbttltnie means and dae copolymers in the diamine about 70 # de" trans, contains trans stereoisomers. Pie production of the mixed yarns for crimping is preferably carried out by joint braiding (co-spinning), in which the dyes are spun from the two polymers at the same time from different openings of the same spinneret. Basically, the two are mixed Padenarten can be used with this method de can be obtained by appropriate arrangement of the spinning openings * Bas mixing can also take place after spinning, for example by passing the threads of the two types of interlacing through an air nozzle. The intermingling of the threads can be done further by joining two planar families on a straight rod or an orphan and then gathering them together in a bundle. If the two or more types of thread are thoroughly mixed, the difference in thread length (DFL value) attains a maximum during crimping. The passage of two separate

■ "■ '" - 4 - 109838/1712

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If the yarn runs through the crimping device, it naturally leads to puffy yarns ”but does not produce the full one DfIr value. Under "constricted" or "mixed" is to be understood » that it is not easy to separate the χvei or more thread types in the yarn when reducing the yarn to zero twist. ' '■;

Sahi-rich Krauael method can be used to improve the structural quality in the mixed thread yarns »but dft «chosen in each case« procedure depends on the particular 7 * application purpose a.b, for which the thread is intended. Yarns, the replacement of pliable "" living "(erratic) goods, such as broadcloth, are used" are preferred * white curled "as if by Hindu driving through" ine Falecbdrallepindel or a Drebdüee, whereby the crimp configuration for the action of heat on the yarn before the « een entry into the spindle or nozzle is fixed. Sole marriage Yarns are white threads with a helical crimp.

Seigt in the drawings

Figure 1 in a schematic representation of a device sur Production of wrongly twisted »bulked yarn»

Figure 2 in elevation and, in sum, shown for the production of false-drawn »thereof fixed, bulky yarns suitable false twist spindle,

Fig. 5 in section a * ur Palach twist for curling suitable Drehdüee and

Fig. 4 In the top view a sur falech twist frill * - suitable rotary nozzle

171 2

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In the case of the Falachdrall device suitable for the production of yarns according to the invention shown in FIG. T, the yarn or material 1 is sucked off the Torrate pack 2, ton a pair of driven feed orphans 5 over the guide 3 and through the tensioning disks 4 and after several revolutions around the feed orphans 5 (one of which is arranged interlaced) through the slide element 6 of the false twisted screw 7, which it passes through to run through the pig swans 10 su a pair of driven receiving whales 11 su, which are interlaced with one another Supply surplus bsw. the lead (#), the bsw. which is obtained by the difference between the oeso speeds of the receiving orphans 11 and feeding orphans 5, divided by the speed of the uptah "ewaleen 11" and "ultiplized" it 100. Trigt i "general about 10 #" knob several ttelruns vm 4βλ Aufnaheewalsenpaar 11 the oam of the driven winding whales "15 suggests, whereby ee is distributed from the" QuerfÜhrungsmeonanidsäus 16 length of the orphan. The winding roller 15 works more slowly than the take-up rollers 11. The lead of the take-up orphans 11 in relation to the winding roller 15 is about 10 ° C.

«I.

As shown in Figure 2, the spindle 7 has a fönnigeo

Housing 8 and one at both ends by means of bearings 12 See the axial circulation in the housing, tubular Part 13, which is driven by the belt 14 and at the upper end of which a brake roller 13 is attached, the latter being aittig above the Oarnaxialdurchlaes 17 in the part 13 is located, the longitudinal axes of the braking roller 18 and the passage 17 being perpendicular to one another. In the middle above the Passage 17 and above the brake orphan 18 a guide 10 arranged at the upper end of the housing β is provided «

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Ira operation is the thread material 1, which contains two types of thread geaaas of the invention, by means of the at a speed of 145,000 to 240,000 rev / iiin. rotating spindle 7 rotated, with the number of introduced per unit of length Rotations of the speed at which the yarn passes through the spindle and the number of revolutions per unit of time as the yarn passes through the passage 17 of the spindle 7 depends on the introduced twist length of the yarn Feed roller 5 back. The twisted yarn is heated by the slot heating element 6 and accordingly the twist configuration in the yarns is heat-set (heat-set) in one direction of rotation Pulp roll 16 a twist of the yarn in the opposite direction Ufc rotation without heat. In the treated Yarn is thus stored torsional energy through which the yarn tries to untwist itself when one end is released. The yarn dwell time in the slit shell depends on the Yarn speed and the temperature and slopes of the heating element. E.g. the yarn dwell time is »at 75 m / Hin, when passing through a heating element of 70 cm length bet t88 ° C and a spindle revolution with 180 000 ί / Hin. 0.6 sec. Or is the thread, in another example, a running speed of 54.9 m / min, while rotating with 180,000 rpm. 0.9 sec exposed to heat at 188 ° 0. The one that forms after leaving the spindle Crimp of the yarn results from the untwisting due to the torsional energy stored in the yarn as a result of the treatment in connection with the softened state of the hot Threads.

BADOfiiaiNAL

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The crimped yarn according to the invention can be produced, for example, on a commercial flat twist Töxturiercaachine of the type "Superloft" £ g), Leesona Corporation, Warwick, Rhode Island, Ui.SA, type 553 _f . . ·

You figures 3 and 4 show in section · "or front view an exemplary rotary nozzle 19 suitable for the purposes of the invention, in which the yarn axial passage 20 on the entire nozzle length is essentially cylindrical and at 22 at an angle of about 90 ° with his Axis is penetrated by a fluid line 21, which is arranged "that" I its longitudinal axis and the longitudinal axis Cut the earndurchiasses 20 braid (as shown in Figure 4). Is gas through the iluid line 21 under Brück so passed through, since it reaches at least half the speed of sound when entering the yarn passage · 20 there is sufficient twisting force on any yarn in the passage to produce a strong, crank-like twist when the yarn is held under a tension of less than about 15g. At relatively high fluid velocities, less dense fluids can essentially produce the same torque as a low velocity flowing fluid results in higher density. The fluid supply to line 21 can be in any in an appropriate manner. Bio Figure 4 explains the director of a thread bundle 23 in the yarn passage and shows by means of the arrows that the thread is around his Axis rotates in the same direction in which the fluid is about the inner circumference of the yarn passage flows, while the axis of the yarn bundle at a distance from the inner surface of the Yarn passage equal to at least the radius of the yarn bundle describes a surface? 4, the longitudinal axes of both surfaces zuaamraerii allen.

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In order to achieve a high crimp index (high elongation due to crimp), it is essential * the thread crystallinity up to to keep as low as possible to the point of filing, which of course without sacrificing other, desired thread tensile properties, how strength and toughness is to effect. -

For the texturing (bulking) of the threads according to the invention described in the examples, normal treatment techniques apply Considerations. The amount of false twist introduced is determined by the crimp frequency used for the desired Stretch properties and aesthetic properties of the goods are required. Both the crimp frequency and the Curl index increases with rotation. It is preferable to work with rotations greater than 1575 / m (40 / inch). After once done Determining the rotation value, the remaining texture variables, such as feed and temperature, are based on set an optimal curl index. The speed of the feed to the spindle> reduces the pre-spindle tension and also the post-spindle tension at a given winding speed « If "ax post-spindle tension is too high, the frizz index reduced by pulling out the crimp. If the tension is too low, the curl index is again reduced and can change due to an uncomfortable twist slip Form around the brake roller 18 places light bulge. For any combination of rotation and feed speed is there a temperature at which? 6 crimp index maximum and the post-spindle tension is minimal. An abrupt suspense of tension with the temperature is an indication of a weakening of the texturing layer etched onto the yarn , represent, v / obei is the temperature at which this case

712

^ϊρ " ^{5 / ρ} each

occurs, varies with the type and quantity of the size and with the spindle tension and the lower it is, the higher the spin del tension lies.

Requires proper workability when texturing naturally the presence of an effective peeling finish on the threads - the preparation should preferably be the yarn temperature calibrated during processing do not smoke or vape. You can do such arbitration feed the threads during spinning or after Spinning and stretching, but apply to the threads before texturing.

The optimal texturing conditions for a given yarn (Bulking conditions) depend not only on the factors discussed above, but also on the one used in each case Machine, the working position and the atmospheric conditions conditions.

The goods according to the invention have a warp or weft knitted or woven structure. The goods are obtained with mixed thread yarns which contain two types of intermingled threads, each of which is based on bis (p-aminocyclohexyl) methane and dibasic acids containing at least 11 carbon atoms in the molecule, this chemical composition being at least 50 wt There must be yarn in the goods. DarUberhlnaus must be at least 30 wt. $> The yarn heat set in the goods and be bagged. In the goods according to the invention, yarns with denier between 20 and 200 denier are used. In warp knitted fabrics, titers of 20 to 60 denier are used when weaving broad fabrics

P - ¹⁰ -

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slightly higher titers (30 to 120 denier) and for weft knitted fabrics even higher titers (60 to 200 denier) are preferred.

With regard to the structure of the fabric, plain-weave broadcloth is preferred for use in blouses. With these goods can one 60 denier yarn (with the denier being on the unluffed Yarn refers) in warp and weft with 23 to 43 picks / cm in the warp and 39 to 20 threads / cm in the weft (60 to 110 or 100 to 50 / inch), (whereby "threads" here in the sense of the yarn courses allotted to the unit of length are to be understood). The broadcloth goods according to the invention have a basis weight in the range from about 50 to 85 g / m 2 (1.5 to 2.5 ounces / squareyard).

In the goods according to the invention, a variety of PACM-based thread games are used, but in It is particularly preferred to work in the entire product with a yarn content of threads from the PACM-12 homopolymer.

A variety of thread types can be present in the mixed thread yarns according to the invention. A preferred embodiment is based on a blend of PACM-12 homopolymer filaments directed with PACM-12 / PACM-I-Miechpolymer-threads, but you Other differences in the composition can also be used to achieve the required thermal differential shrinkage and apply improved crimp ability during processing. For example, the two types of polymer can simply be in the relative viscosity, the amount of trans, trans stereoisomers, the orientation index or the chain length of the Sic acid component or a combination of these factors.

. ~ 11 -

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Xl

This section explains different types of yarn for use in the heat-set, bulked yarn according to mixed thread yarns suitable for the invention. With each such yarn at least 50% by weight of the recurring; Units in each of the two or more kinds of threads in the yarns have the composition according to the formula

(D

H 0 «η

NO- (CH ₂ ) le

χ is 1 or 2 and y is an integer in the range of 9 to 14, the groups R can be identical or different and denote hydrogen or methyl and S denotes saturated, wherein at least 40 wt. # of the diamino component the stereoisomeric trans, trans configuration have »Moreover becomes one of the thread types of a link of the fol ^ - The following classes (A to E) are formed:

A) Polyamide copolymer with a content of 50 to 95 Mol # of repeating units of the formula (I) and 5 up to 50 mol £ of other, recurring polyamide units, that of 1. the same diamine as in the formation of the repeating unit according to formula (I) with another Dicarboxylic acid or 2. the same dicarboxylic acid as is obtained in the formation of the repeating unit according to formula (I) with another diamine.

B) polyamide composed of essentially repeating units; However, of the formula (I) _t of the first group of filaments forming the polyamide in the steric configuration

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ue <3 diamino constituent distinguished by the presence of at least 10 wt. # in a steric form.

¹ G) ^ polyamide consisting essentially of recurring units according to formula (I) and having a relative viscosity (as defined later *) below that of the polyamides forming the erate group of threads by at least about 9 units.

'■■' ■■■ '■' ·

B) Polyamide composed of essentially repeating units according to formula (I), wherein the chain length of the diacid constituent a the recurring units under the chain length of the diacid component forming the second group of threads of the repeating units, which form the first group of threads.

E | ! Polyamide consisting essentially of recurring units according to Formula (I) ₁ where the second group of threads has an orientation index (as defined later) that is at least about 1.0 higher than the first group of threads «-

Depending on the type of mixture, the wrongly twisted, thermoset hishand yarns should have a crimp index of M «25 i> and a thread length difference of at least $> and the threads should have a crimp frequency of at least 7.9 / cm (20 / inch), based on length when stretched out.

The diamines of the formula (I) represent due to their carbocyclic Hatur a mixture of isomers with trans, trana-, - and cla.cis configurations (abbreviated t, t, c, t

* ¹³ -10 9839/1712

^ΪΕ - ^{5 / ρ}

or c, c). The hydrogenation conditions used in the preparation of these diamines lead to a mixture of isomers, with other hydrogenation conditions leading to a different isora distribution (cf. USA Patents 2,494,563 and 2,606,924). However, regardless of the relative amounts of t _v t and c, t-isomers gives way to the content of the c, e-isomers of about $ 5> not particularly from such an indication dasa de "content of the isomer mixture of the t t -Isomers are required to fully identify the composition of the mixture. The difference in the amounts of the t, t-isomer in the polymers used for the preparation of the various branches should, if there is no other difference, be at least 10% by weight. If higher shrinkage differences are desired, the difference in isomer distribution should naturally be higher, and in addition, to further increase the shrinkage difference, the molecular weight of the polymer of lower t, t content should be higher than that of the polymer with higher t, t content.

If the higher shrinking threads are made from a mixed polymer, may be the t, t isomer content of the diaain component a be the same or different in the homopolymer and the mixed polymer. Preferably, however, one works essentially with the same amounts of ^, t-isomer, since it is a part of it results in improved spinning behavior.

To achieve thread that can be stretched without excessive shrinkage in hot aqueous solutions, such as those used in equipping the Finding goods, making them easy to process, should be t, t-isomer content of the one used to make the Siederachruapf threads The polymers used must be about 40% by weight. NatTirgem & sa is. ea, however, is not possible to

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necessary shrink support to form between the threads and still keep the overall yarn shrinkage at a desirably low level Holds value if the shrinkage of the shrink threads is not quite low.

To identify the wrongly twisted threads and the goods According to the invention, the following tests are used:

The curl index, a measure of the curl due to the curl available stretch amount, is on a strand of ebge ~ cooked yarn determined, on the formation of which one under one Tension of O., 2 g / den (measured on the yarn titer in the extended Condition winds a 5000-ume strand, this one while carrying a 25 g load (5 mg / denier) through 15 minutes Boiling conditioned in water and drying at the same tension, whereupon the curled length, L ", at determined by the 25 g load still acting, and finally a load of 500 g applied and the Auegeotreekt-long, Ii, where the following relationship holds:

Ripple index ■ '-2 - £ χ too

The crimp frequency (based on the length in the extended state) of the folded twisted, textured yarn (camouflage is suitable as a measure of the amount of heat-fixed twist obtained during texturing. You cut from a non-inflated yarn length, which is taken directly from the pack; of the textured yarn , a piece of yarn of 5t ¹ cm long

and determines the crinkle frequency on those taken out of the bundle SiniSfclfaöen, being careful in each case of the thread

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plucked from the bundle of twine, left to untwist and then placed in a viewing device with just enough tension to remove any remaining loops or curls. You number the crimp in the thread is made by counting the complete courses from mountain to mountain in the garter true, with small turns that are less than a quarter of the diameter of the tensioned yarn bundle, not be counted. After counting the number of curls on a single thread, the thread is stretched out so that all The pucker is removed and the length measured in the extended position. The (extended) curl frequency is then equal to the number of greases in the * thread sample, divided by its length (in units of inches (»2.54 cm) when extended). All ripples will be the Called the average value of the 'in the case of several threads, including an exemplary number of threads of each type in the blended yarn (same approximate percentage).

t

To determine the thread length difference between the two components of the mixed thread yarn, a lengthwise piece is used, which is held directly by the texturizer yarn package after initially discarding several turns. A 10 cm long piece is cut off and threads are then plucked from it, the length of each thread is now determined in the extended state, the thread ends are fastened in clamps and the clamps are allowed to diverge until the thread is under sufficient tension to remove the entire crimp what to measure this length on. In this catfish to the Ii "d" r "f> lnnMt9f * 1 * 6% Mien the Hoehechrumpfetmktur be measured at least 5 filaments. I would like to think about the invention

fOlltl / f f t?

the thread lengths fall into two obviously different classes. This difference is naturally to the Differentialscbrumpf in relationship, the calibration result in texturing of the two types of thread, the thread Progentwert The length difference (DFL value) according to the equation 100 (L ₂ - L ₁₎

calculated, where Lg is the average length of the longer and Lfder means shorter threads.

The relative Viseosität (JST also hereinafter), in the sense used here in a 6,166 gew.ftgen solution of PACM-poly eierenin a Lögungemittel of 50 wt .. £ 98 £ strength to 100 formic acid and 50 i »freshly distilled phenol (density of Lösungamittelmischung 1.126 + 0.001 g / cm ⁵ at 25 ° C). The polymer solution is obtained by dissolving 3.700 g of ground, dry polymer in 50.0 ml of the solvent. The outflow time of the polymer solution is then determined in a viscometer kept at 25 ± 0.05 ° C. and the same determination is carried out on the solvent alone. The relative viscosity is equal to the flow rate of the solution divided by that of the solvent.

The orientation index is in the more frequently used meaning a hatred for the crystal orientation of the fiber. The orientation of crystallites in PACM-Pclyamld fiber appears to be to change rapidly in any way when exposed to heat. The amount and direction of the change are determined by factors such as that Torsion, tension or pressure or slackness,

109839/1712 ■ «" ■ "■ * ·.

which the Paser is subject to during heating can be strongly influenced. The orientation index is determined on an X-ray diffraction diagramra. The measurement described below appears to show a stronger response to crystallite changes than the traditional arc measurement of X-ray diffraction.

The determination of the orientation index takes place on a Fiatten ~ wide-angle ~~ X-ray diffraction diagram, which is made with a vacuum plate camera using nickel-filtered copper X-rays at 40,000 V voltage and 20 mA current, e.g. using a General type X-ray unit Electric Company, XRD-5, with a CA-8 x-ray tube. The beam is collimated with an outer needle hole diameter of about 0.625 μm and an inner needle hole diameter of about 0.50 cm and a distance of 7.0 cm. In doing so, a thorough working technique is necessary to ensure the measurement of the maximum diohte in both areas then corrected before calculating the ratio by subtracting the correct background density. The analysis both Bere * ^ Hues on the same X-ray negative. During exposure, care must be taken to ensure that the yarn arranged in the camera does not twist or no. Has crimp and that, all yarn threads parallel aligned s.nd. A yarn sample thickness of not more than about 0.50 mm with a trial-ilra distance of 7.5 cm applied. The diagram of the fiber according to the invention r. tends to have a well-defined merldional reflection in one Bragg »see distance of about 10.4 Å and an equatorial one Diffraction or an amorphous halo at such of about 4t? The orientation index is used as the ratio of the maximum

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intensity of this meridional point ι divided by that of this equatorial halo, calculated. The measurement of the The intensities of the x-ray negatives are carried out using conventional, microphototnetriöchen techniques. The negatives can conventionally with the "Ko Screen" x-ray film of the Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, Hew York, (or an equivalent contrast X-ray film), which is developed for 3 minutes at 20 ° C with Kodak X-ray film developer at the concentration recommended by the manufacturer. The exposure times of the X-ray negatives should be chosen so that the micrcphotometer optical densities at both ranges below 1.0, but does not show below 0.10. *

Other threads not made from PACM-12 polymer Similar measurements can be made using a Bragg * see distance that is characteristic of the respective polymer. .

Compression compliance is expressed as the thickness (T,) of a product in thousandths of an inch (1 inch * 2.54 cm) at 3 g / cm pressure, divided by the thickness (ϊ · _ο * η) of ^the product in the same unit at 230 g / cm pressure. ? In the determination of a highly sensitive, pneumatic teaching Bur is determining the distance between a plane parallel Glaslas.tplatte and a reference used laugh in a foldaway where int disposed the goods High Fourth the ratio Ϊ5 / Τ230 ^zei -S ^{en einfe SSOB} - ^e. Baiischigkait and vice versa.

The Wam-J ^ C ^ eüpackungefaktor ff) etellt min · VerhUltni of, daa computational Viarendicke (based on the assumption

IT 12

179A252

me that there are no voids or free spaces in the goods) relates to the actual thickness, and will according to the formula

- 1.36

calculates where w is the weight per unit area of the fabric (unit ounce / Square yard ■ 33 »9 g / ia)» ρ is the density of the fiber (g / cm *) and T * is the thickness of the goods (thousandths of an inch) at a pressure of 3 g / cm means and the constant 1.36 a factor for converting the numerator and denominator to the metric unit of thickness (cm) represents.

* ■ · * - · ■ ■. Below is a manufacture of PACM thread yarns

described. ,

In an "autoclave" containing 50 parts of water and 50 parts of the salt of bis - (^ - aainoöyclohexyl) methane and dodecanedioic acid, the diamine being 70 j <. from the t _t t-tsomer, the PACM-12 homopolymer is produced.

As a viscosity stabilizer, 12 millimoles of acetic acid are added per mole of polyamide salt. The solution, which further contains 0.005 # by weight of the salt of manganohypophosphite, is heated in a closed container for 2 hours while increasing the temperature to 285 ° C. When a temperature of 210 ° C is reached, a sufficient amount of 20. ^ igen aqueous slurry t added one-piece kaolinite, t-concentration in the Fertigpolymere'n of 2 wt i "to obtain a kaolin!. The pressure is then reduced to atmospheric pressure, while the temperature is increased to 315 ° C, and the polymer is kept at these conditions for 1 hour, after which one

109839/1712

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extruded and cut on flake. The flake has one relative visosity of 45.9.

Similarly, a PACM - ^ - / PACM-I ^ mixed polymer from a salt of bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) methane and one Mixture of dodecanedi- and isophthalic acid produced, the mixed acid being 8.7 wt. ^ Isophthalic acid, that is to say a Contains sufficient amount to have a proportion of the Iophthalic acid mixed polymer & omponente of 10 wt .- ^ in the finished polymer or 12.3 moles to yield $ 6. The Dlamin contains 70 # of the t, t-isomer, and the acetic acid is used in an amount of 6.8 millimoles / mole Sale used. The flake has a relative viscosity from 52.5. *

The polymer and mixed polymer are melted separately in screw-type melters at 325 ° C and then ejected (co-spun) through different openings of the same spinneret at 325 ° C, the spinneret eB 18 openings for one and 18 openings for that other polymers. The opening parts are arranged in a circle, with the openings serving the two types of polymer alternating on the circle. US Pat. No. 3,225,534 contains further details of the apparatus structure. In the present case, each opening of the spinneret has a Y-shaped cross section. The quenching of the freshly spun threads is adjusted so that threads with a trilobfxlera cross-section with the "Olana-SpitBlicht" (Luster Highlight) described in US Pat. No. 2,939,201 are obtained The threads can, for example, for a 36-ply 60-denier yarn at a speed of 0.547 g / min. / opening with a winding

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^ΪΡ " ^{5 / Ϊ} . 3.1

speed of 2469 m / min. Both groups of threads in the mixed yarn can contain 2 wt. The trilobal cross-sectional shape of the threads also contributes to the silk-like appearance. gen character with »because one achieves a stronger glossy highlight. The different crystallization rates of the two types of polymers can lead to threads that despite identical W genetic hole form various cross-sections · have This may in be one or the other Pail advantageous, but a difference in shape between the two Arten'lässt also avoided by in faster crystallizing type (i.e. the PACM-I2 homopolymers) with a lower relative viscosity and the slowly crystallizing polymers (PACM - ^ / PACM-I mixed polymer) with a high viscosity. The relative viscosity of the polymer is always subject to change during spinning due to the action of atmospheric moisture.

In the manufacture of a fiber of a certain quality * index, various spinning, stretching and temperature factors must be taken into account. In general, it is used for non-orthodontic patients

other changes result in an increase in the orientation index by application

a) a higher spinning streok pactor, the ratio of the Winding to discharge gas speed,

b) a higher stretch rod or stretch whale temperature, ο) a higher stretching ratio,

d) a higher annealing temperature,

o) a lower ejection speed with a constant one Feed roller speed / indigkelt

obtain.·

18 ^ 119/1712 BATH

ΎΡ-5 / F

In a typical spinning process, these are made up of the two Polymers obtained threads quenched by 0.014 seconds exposure to air at 25 ° 0, then combined and over a Sizing applicator roller out on which a conventional lard is applied, whereupon the threads to and in 6 wraps around a pair of powered, la tandem and with a circumferential speed of 734 m / forward feed rollers, then around a stretching bar heated to 120 ° C and then run eight times around a pair of stretching rollers working at a peripheral speed of 1541 m / min at 120 ° C, where the draw ratio is 2.1 «The thread material then runs eight times around a pair in tandem and at one peripheral speed of 1541 m / min, working tempering rollers, where it is heated to 150 to 160 ° C on this, is then used by means of an air nozzle to have a cohesion: the thread bundle interlaced, as in the USA patent 2 935 995), then fed to a pair of unheated rollers, in his sixth time Circulation around these in tandem and at a peripheral speed of 1548 m / min, working rollers are allowed to cool and then in the conventional way at 1514 m / Hin, to one Pack wound up »Bas finished yarn has at this point a titer of 63 den. The relative viscosity of the homopolymer in the threads of one type is 52 and the mixed polymer in the threads of the other type is 48. The strand shrinkage of the yarn in boiling water at 4 mg / load is 9.4 # and the DFL of the yarn in the boiled Strand 5.7 #. If the cooked yarn is also in air heated at a load of 4 mg / den at 177 ° C the DFL value 34.5 ^. The total strand shrinkage after boiling (4 mg / den) and heat treatment at 177 ° C (4 mg / -den) is 17.0 to 17.9 #. If you cook a skein of yarn

- 23 -,

109839/1712

179A252

YP-5 / F

4 mg / load off and fixed at 16 mg / load at 177 ° C »the trunk is about 10.5 # ♦ and the threads have a DFL value of about 5» 5 $> *

- 24 "

1O083S / 1712

.YP-5 / F

example 1

An interwoven 60-denier PACM mixed-thread yarn consisting of 18 threads of PACM-12 polyamide and 90/10-PACM-12 / PACM-I polyamide is produced on a superloff machine (shown schematically in FIG. 1) Subjected to false twist crimping, whereby both thread groups in the mixed thread yarn contain 2% by weight of aluminum silicate (kaolin) for the formation of similar texture properties as silk and the threads have an iron trilobal cross-sectional shape, which is produced by a more intense shine - Spit breeding s. Also contributes to the silk-like character. The thread material is wound with an eye speed of 76 m / Hin, by a pipe heater of 73.7% and around the brake roller of a spindle rotating at 180,000 rpm Set of take-up rollers working at 68.4 m / min and each time at a speed of 65.0 m / min, wound onto a pack, the feed speed to the spindle 10? S above the output speed of the spindle is, the Kachapindelapannuög 13 big 28 g and the temperature (on the inner surface) of the Rohrarhitzers to promote a maximum softening of the mixed thread yarn is divided _f without daaa a melting or an expansion of the surface and without daaa a significant loss of tensile strength occurs. The spindle speed and the feed speed are sufficient to introduce 2362 turns / m into the yarn. Dao so texturiex'te öarn is wound up at -1-5 to 18 g tension. Bs has after 3? € 3Cturieren to ds? above Meifeotlc einerj Paden- VdngQfiuntGTQuhxeä of 9 * 5 ^ (in the condition preserved by Abnelimea from the Biclamg), Be? "KränsBllnu & x amounts to -" 7 * 0 f un-1 die Eräuaeifreqyens 16 / cm ,. beaogön on HIa Ltingö la toa

YP-5 / F

■ 2 fr

Various other samples of the same blended yarn will be made with the development of spindle speeds from 1969, 2562, 2756 and 3150 revolutions / n at other spindle or take-up speeds passed through the same device. The effect of the reinforcement of the degree of twist on the Krauaelindex and the crimp frequency of textured yarns is shown in Table I, in which the superior crimp ability (determined in the form of crimp index or frequency) of mixed yarn yarns based on PACM and its homologues in ™ comparison with similar mixed thread yarns made from threads from the 6-6 homopolymers and threads from the 6-6 / 6-I-Mi8chpolymer • Sum expression comes.

Table I.

Properties of false twist-puckered yarns

Yarn type 'crimp index, 56 crimp frequency,

Frill / cm

Mixed yarn from 6-6 and. 6-6 / 6-1 (90/10)

1969 turns / in 1.6 9.4

2362 rotation at / m 3 * 5 11 _v 0

2759 Di-ehimgsn / m, 4.5 18.5

3150 Bretaungsn / s 4 _S 3 16 _T 9

Hiach yarn aue PACM-I2

And PACM-12 / PAGH-I

4.9.0 / 10.) '. . '■■■■'. ■ ^; ■ ..

1969 turns / m 4 * 6 14 »2

2362 Dfehungeü / o. -7.0-. ' "" 16.1

2759 turns / V '/ 12,; 8- _: 19.5

3150 rotation a / s. -.;. ok *. "1 - ■ '20.5'

- 26 -

179A252

YP-5 / F

29-

The ruffled 'SAüM-12 and PACM-tfc / PACM-I-Fadan. containing "Hischfadengam" retains a bulkiness and a crimped structure in the subsequent processing of goods (see example 2). Bas fUe homopolymers are made from hexamethylenediamine and adipic acid and the δ-6/6-I-Mieehpölyraare from hexamethylenediamine, adipic acid and isophthalic acid in proportions of 10% by weight of # 6 ~ I ~ structural units and 90% 6-6 structural units. The threads of the 6-6- and 6-6 / 6-l-mixed thread are then spun together, stretched and braided, whereupon the braided yarn is twisted incorrectly at the 6-6 / 6-l-Schme7.zpunkt accordingly selected temperatures. The 6-6- and 6-6 / 6-I-threads result in a thread differential length of only 2.0 5 & after puffing at 2362 turns / cm and strand decoction (4 days / den). The at 2 362 turns / cm bulked pagm-12 and PACM-12 / PACM-I-Päden give a iadenlängenunterschied of 9.5 i · The PACM-t2 / PA0M-t2 / pach-I-yarn has before crimping a DFL value (boiled at 4 ag / the load) of 5.7 9 ^ The increase in the Dll value with mechanical crimping and heat setting apparently represents the cause of the high bulkiness in the goods shown in Example 2 «

3 ice is. ie 1 __g ~

Using the 36-thread, interwoven 60-thread yarns from Example 1, which contain threads made of PACM-12-Hoiaopolymer and PACM-12 / -PACK-I mixed polyamide, a series of fabric samples is produced, whereby the mixed thread yarn each in the chain as well as shot using "Eat the warp direction the interlaced yarn with or without Falechör & ll ripple (see table IX) and in the Schfcssrlshtung at ^ eder goods are used the falsenäral ^ _t gekrsugelte interlaced yarn.

The falach twist textured warp yarns are made without introduction any real rotation. The unruly, braided warp yarns, on the other hand, receive 197 Z-twists / row.

For the weft, the yarn is formed with an S or Z-Drebkraft (see! Table XI) falech twist crimped, where the direction of the torque on the Drehricatung in the Seil is a process in which heat is applied. Cut threads “peculiar when both ends are left free or the tension on one leads to the formation of loops or curling value is reduced, a return to this configuration. If see p. the yarn IA Z direction is wrongly twisted allows the ends to be released a twisting of the yarn in the Z-direction with release the torque. C.

In the present example, the same mixed thread yarn is used for the first five samples listed in Table II, "whereby" these goods are built up on the chair "in the introduced twist and if there is or is not a texturing step below . for sample f a 30 denier old 9 Hoaopölyaef and φ Much «polymer threads are produced, while the yeast division of the Öärna for theee would otherwise fröbe that feöi ffßit * A

The ones obtained with the chain movement SctiU88-.päd «niihl # n per running unit on the chair according to Table II! Wäreii mf $ m in a series of ton work steps finished ^ läGÜt; * wöfc # i mn tli «Wärt in strand form 1 hour in β led end βώ WaöswJiecrhtj for drying 30 Selcundcrs at 1Of ⁰ 0 while a fäeatex-Maecnice leads» to a » yaeiatex-Rahüen 3Ö Setoden for H4 ° C

28 *

' ' * BAD ORIGINAL

the full bread and $ 5 advance heat-set, dyed on the vat when simmering, wänaefixisrt again on a Famatex frame for 2 minutes at 182 ° C and finally semi-decated for 1 minute with steam and 1 minute in vacuo. The table gives the number of weft and warp threads in the finished state

η. ■■ ... ■■■■■ .-,

All goods received, like the little thread-thread * The Paekungs Bruehwert of Table II shows a high level bulkiness and softness. At the same time they own Each were in accordance with textile softness one relatively high resilience under pressure. Subjective Reviews of the volatility ("Xebendigkeit") and smoothness show that the goods of Table II are substantially equivalent iffi to similarly constructed cripe de chine silk goods. In addition, the goods are retained according to Table II their softness and the threads their crimping even when exposed high tensile loads. The goods have one too high degree of resilience and quickly resume their shape when the tension is relieved at,; -'- ;. · -.- · -. V: / -.- ■ ·. · '

- 29 -

109839/1712

Table II Goods from MiscK ^ arnen ftemäaa of the invention

ο- warp yarn warp yarn weft yarn weft yarn pia- Nachgie- goods-Fa-

- na gahl / cm number / cm chen * bigkeit denpak-

* i ~ on fer- on fer ~ gew * under kungsfak-

§, the tig- the tig-! Finished- printing gate,

% Chair made chair made) Ϊ

4f not textured, 33.9 39.8 textured, 60-36, at 29.8 38.6 14.2 1.26 0.225 ^ r v, ^ - ^ g ^ 2 "-2r./ 2 wefts S- and

ώ. ·> · * £ tor "* Brall then 2 Z-wrong

twists

Cichtoxtured, 39.4 45.3 textured, 60-36, such as 94.4 29.5 13.5 1.34 0.242

6C-; 6, 197 E-Dr / weft yarn a

% real twist ■ ■ ■ ■■

niöüttexturiert, textured 28.3 33.9, 60-36, 55t4 40.2 12 _t 7 1.25 0.222

60-36, 197 Z-Dr./ like Schusegara a

κ eugtitr · twist ·. ' . ■ ■ - _ '■,

■ non-textured, - 33.9 40.6 textured, 60-36, 29.9 36.6 13.5 1.21 0.263

60-36, 197 Z- drums / weft threads wecb-

m really crazy twist with S- and Z-

wrongly twisted

textured ', 6.0-36 33.9 38.6 textured, 60-36, 29.9 36.2 13.5 1.29 0.245

wrongly twisted with weft threads like

2362 Dr./iQiS-^v/ecih- at shot a

selnd 2 warp threads

S- and 2 ÜS-falsah-

generally 5 each. . ·

W ti? ι * Λ

y, stiöätslicii 197 "Z-

σ Dr- / α real twist. '

S light textured, 51.2 55.1 textured, 60-36, -29.9 41.3 12.7 1.21 0.290

Ο 30-18, 197 Z-drums / m weft threads like ^ _x

real twist at shot a ^ j

CJI K)

YP-5 / F D ύ -

At 3 ρ ie 1 5 -.- ■ '; ... ■

A yarn obtained through a series similar to Example 11 and exhibiting the same ztiaawaia wetting is puffed up by pressure crimping, for which purpose the material is passed through a storage channel of the type described in ÜSÄ-Bstentschrift 3 110 076, namely upwards through a A pair of feed rollers with an axial length of 0.99 and a diameter of 3 * 2ce, with a force of 1.1 kg acting between the two rollers, and from the roller gap into a crimping chamber in which the yarn is collected in a ziek-eack-like manner will. By means of a cylindrical rod plug "whose weight rests on the collected yarn emerging from the nip, a force of It g is exerted, whereby the plug sits loosely in the crimped loop over the drum and the chamber, which has a diameter of Q _t 95 c" and has a length of 20.4 cm »is electrically heated to 210 ° C from the outside» Has yarn then passes through an axial perforation of about 0.3 cm in the putty and through the frill chamber and is released from 2Wi bit at a speed of 234 "/ Aiii, working"! * Wai * "* exaggerated and at one? * Tension το »6 to 8 g wound up. .

In this way, a crimped yarn is obtained with an angled zicfc-zag-curl of two-fold threads . The difference in thread length is 8.6 ic. The Krßnaelfre <iuett3 lies above t, 9 Krüy ^ el / cB (atiSgeetreekt). The crinkle structure remains largely unaffected by the romping about and finishing. The crimp has "weave a" (angular

- 31 1 0S839 / 1712

YP-5 / F 3 X

Example 4

Mixed threads of the same composition as in Example 3 are on a stuffer box in the ÜSA patent 3 200 466 is crimped into a puffed yarn with a slightly lower crimp index than that obtained with the device according to Example 3. In this case, the inhibiting force is mainly due to the weight of the bulky yarn standing in the cylindrical tube and obtained by friction between the yarn and the tube. The speed of introduction into the herb chamber is based on The speed of the feed roller is regulated, which in turn is guided by a wire loop sensor which is passed through a slot in the side of the crimping chamber and actuates a mercury switch, which in turn supplies power to the drive motor of the feed rollers regulates. The crimped strand is made from the crimped camo continuously withdrawn from a pair of take-up rollers at a constant speed, so that the yarn volume in the Curled Kamiaer kept at an approximately constant value will.' The restraining force exerted by this type of device is considerably less than that of Example 3

In a typical operation of the device, a product with a puckered structure (ziek-sack-like), a pucker index of 2.2 JC, a load differential length of 15 _t 2 Ji and a pucker frequency of over about 3 9 puckers / a (based on the length of the extended state). Goods made from this yarn had a desirable, soft feel. »

B e i β ν i el

Following the procedure of example t, a yarn is produced from 17 PACM-12 threads and 17 go / IO-PACM-ia / PACM-I threads. The threads made from the two polymers * are quenched, combined, stretched, tempered and braided as in Example 1. The co-spun, drawn yarn, which has a linear density of 65 denier and properties similar to the yarn obtained in Example 1, is twisted using a rotary nozzle (nozzles of this type are described in US Pat. No. 3,043,087), the Nozzle sur formation of the twisting effect mat the co-spun mixed yarn air is supplied under high pressure, the nozzle is arranged on a standard false twisting machine (type "Superloft" 555) and the di · / alachdrallapindel 7 is replaced by the twisting nozzle shown in Figures 5 and 4 is.

The yarn is fed into the nozzle at 79 * 4 a / min. To find the optimal curling conditions one changes the temperature of the Schiitsheizelementes 6 and the pressure of the Air in the rotary nozzle »The highest KrauseXindex value is at 6.6 at and 204 ° C. The other conditions are called the following table.

-33-109839 / 1712

ΥΡ-5 / Ρ

Table III

Sample nozzle pre-temperature curve line x Xräuael / cm

pressure, rush door

a tu jo ° C I

1 4.2 10 176 10.3 2 4.2 . 10 204 11.1 3 4.2 10 232 2.8 4th 5.6 10 176 11.0 5 5.6 10 204 16.4 6th 5.6 10 232 4.1

109B3Ö / 1712

13.6

14.3 12.3

BATH

Claims (1)

P a t e η t a η s ρ r Ü c h e lc Thermoset, mechanically crimped bulked yarn with continuous filaments made of organic polymers !, which contains at least two types of intermingled polyamide thermoplastic filaments, each of the types having at least 50 # of recurring units of the formula H O t tr N * ~ C O (CH ₂ ) _y ~ C is formed, where χ is 1 or 2 and y is an integer in the range from 9 to 14 and R can be identical or different and is hydrogen or methyl, with at least 40 wt and wherein the two types of threads have a DFL of at least 5 % and the crimp index of the yarn is in the range of about 2 to about 25 % . 2. Yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that one of the pad types JLm consists essentially of the recurring units of the formula (I) and the other of an oiled of the class
A) Mixed polyamide with a content of 50 to 95 mol -35 - 109830/1712 SAD YP-5 / F of recurring units of the formula (I) and 5 to 50 mol # of other polyamide units which are from l _o the same diaraine as in the formation of the recurring unit according to formula (I) with another dicarboxylic acid or 2 _{O of} the same dicarboxylic acid , as in the formation of the repeating unit according to formula (I), is obtained with another diamine, B) Polyamide consisting essentially of the units according to the formula (I), but one of which forms the first group of threads α polyamide itself "component äureh presence of at least 10 wt _o £ in a steric shape differing in the steric configuration of the diamino, C) polyamide consisting essentially of the units according to formula (I) and ralt one at least about 9 units below that of the polyamide forming the first group of threads, relative viscosity, D) polyamide consisting essentially of the units according to formula (I), where the length of the diacid component length is the second Group of thread-forming polymer units under the ket " ten length of the diacid component of the polymer units which form the first group of threads, E) polyamide consisting essentially of the units according to formula (I), P where the second group of threads is at least about IjO higher orientation index than the first group of Has threads ο 3p yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that it is torsionally crimped 1st and a crimping frequency of at least 20 crimps / 2 1/2 cm, based on the length in the extended state, o - 3d - 0 983971712 3Ψ ■ YF-5 / P.- .- '■■■■. 4ο Heat-set, torsion-crimped, puffed yarn with continuous filaments of organic polymer so that at least contains two types of intermingled polyamide thermoplastic filaments, one of the types consisting essentially of repeating polymer units of the formula H (D - H <v> HO O N - C - (CH ₂ ) - C where χ is 1 or 2 and y is an integer in the range from 9 to 14 and R can be the same or different and represents hydrogen or methyl, and the other of the types of a mixed polyamide with a content of 90 mol repeating units of the formula (I) and 10 % of other polyamide unit is formed from 1 «the same diamond as in the formation of the repeating unit according to formula (I) with another dicarboxylic acid or 2. the same dicarboxylic acid as in the Formation of the recurring unit according to formula (I) is obtained with another diamond, the two types of thread having a DFL value of at least 5 % and the yarn, as characteristic values with regard to elongation due to crimp, a crimp index of about 5 to about 13 # and a crimp frequency of about 36 to 52 crimps / 2 1/2 cm, based on the length in the extended state " 5. Yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that y is the same X is O and the other dicarboxylic acid is formed from isophthalic acid. 10 983 9/1712 6α goods, characterized by a content of at least 3SO Oewojtf on the Garn getnäas speech 5 «, -38 -109839/1712 Empty soap