DE1769694A1 - Heat exchangers, in particular evaporators - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney "
DipUng. Richard Müller-foamer

DipL-lns. Hans-Heinrich Wsy
Berfn-DaMem, PodbieJskialke68 1769694

Berlin, June 28th 1% S

THE BATTELLB DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION COLOMBUS (Ohio) / USA

Heat build-up "above" especially evaporator

The invention relates to a heat exchanger »in particular an * evaporator, doh _o an apparatus for concentrating solutions of all kinds«,

An evaporator is known from British patent specification 598 531 which has a chamber with a vertical axis in which a horizontal plate is set in rotation, which is provided with mutually coaxial annular ribs, which each turn in a relatively wide ring groove that between swtl ribs are included, which from one of the turntable opposite- gj fixed plates arranged horizontally can be carried "

In this type of evaporator, the liquid to be condensed is introduced into the cylindrical space delimited by the innermost rib on the turntable and brought into contact successively with all the ribs of the turntable by lifting it under the action of centrifugal force on each movable rib.

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rises and is then hurled against the next fixed "rib" with a larger diameter, at its surface blnabiurlnnen and fall back onto the turntable su · wo • le is subjected again to the centrifugal force which boohstelgen the liquid on the next movable rib lets η,

Others, notably in British Patent 18 050 and the German patent 683 994 mentioned above bcsitsen a number of ribbed plates on one and the same vertical shaft are flared, which are in a «UMohlossenen Rau "turns" the rare wall of each plate over a best one radial length so that it "1t all plates a ring" kamer «with Zlokzaokquersohnltt.

Oils side wall of the enclosed space also forms "one of the walls of a chamber, into which a constant flow of steam" is directed, with the liquid condensing in the "ring", delimited by the one plate and by the casing, "it should circulate" Circulation, which is necessary to bring the liquid to effect its partial evaporation, into contact with the rare wall of the enclosed structure, which is covered by the steam, is thus brought about by internal flow force.

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109842 / 138S

In addition, a device for the evaporation of liquids was proposed in the smoldering series of Patent ahrift 391, which comprises a tubular evaporation column, the rare wall of which is provided with a hot cloth and covered with a series of ring-shaped projections over the entire height of its inside _{the liquid 9} to be evaporated flowing into the top of the column and flowing on this inside in the direction of a row of turntables each arranged under a certain projection, the turntables causing the liquid absorbed by them from the projection assigned to them to fall onto the underneath this part of the protrusion extending up to the next protrusion of the inner surface of the column is grounded and the condensate obtained in this way is collected on the underside of the column,

In German patent specification 628 890 there is a heat exchanger described, which consists of a «stack of hollow plates, the top and bottom of which have a frustoconical profile and which at the smaller base of their surfaces so with each other related that they form a single chamber for heating steam, this stack is around a vertical axis immersed in rotary motion while the ventilation to be condensed is poured on your top-, between the Einstinen plates If an annular »baffle plate is arranged, which has a conical

109842/1385

has a blunt-veined profile and serves to guide the liquid overflowing from each plate through centrifugal force to the innermost part of the plate immediately below it u _o ew "In this way, the su condensing liquid flows through the centrifugal force in succession on the top of each plate su its outer edge, in order to flow onto the baffle plate extending across from its underside and su the inner edge of the plate attached immediately below it, whereby the evaporation of the liquid parts of the su condensing solution is mainly during their stepping over on the upper side of the plate and during when it fell onto the baffle immediately below it is due to the violent movement of the molecules that it causes «

French patents 1,236,706 and 1,349,760 is also based on evaporators that are similar in terms of their basic design These evaporators are formed from a centrifugal tube, which consists of a stack of nested truncated cones finer Soheiben consists, the swlsohen sloh and with so » probably on their lower base than seals arranged on their upper base form a series of chambers, tob each side of which is traversed by a hot medium, while the other chambers are parallel with condensing liquid introduced at the level of the narrowest parts of these chambers are fed, whereas condensate at the outer edge

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the chambers is obtained o The by the volatile substances The vapor phase formed is in one case in the narrowest zone of each chamber and in the other also in the vicinity of it Outer edge sucked off by negative pressure "

These evaporators generally all work by bringing a thin film of the liquid that is evaporating into contact with a heating surface, the circulation of this film being brought about either by the centrifugal force to which it is subjected or by the combined action of this force and gravity, while the supply of this evaporator with the liquid to be treated is done by an external pump, the same applies to the circulation of the liquid inside this device?

According to the invention, a heat exchanger is used "in particular" in Brought vaporizer in proposal, which has small dimensions with high Durobeat performance and its constructive Special features a convenient production "enable easy assembly and effortless maintenance and with where the supply of the liquid to be treated and its Circulation in the device are guaranteed automatically without an independent pump.

This vaporizer has "In" rotating motion below

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Evaporation chamber for the liquid solution "to be concentrated" with a grater on the inside of its sidewalls with ring-shaped evaporation ribs that surround the rotary acbse of the chamber and between "I" and at each end with part of the walls of the chamber a series of coincident Delimit grooves; also means to heat at least every wide rib; and means "for introducing the solution to be concentrated into the chamber; and at least one opening for recovering the concentrated solution and at least one discharge opening for the vapors generated. It is characterized geheimzelehneU ₉ dasβ the surface of the ribs alternately durohge. bend bzwo near the root of the ribs with at least one "." opening is provided in such a way that a series of groups of two hats connected to one another is tnt, and indeed daduroh, the dl "means su" Introducing du b, mg are arranged so that the first groove of Fe: igt π: ■. ~ $ is fed, while the recovery opening ί ί \ ν '-: e groove opens, furthermore that the distance between!: «- ??. at the axis of rotation of the chamber and the free edge of each rib provided with a passage from rib to rib increases in the direction of the extraction opening, and in that it separates the aobse from the free edge of each rib with a continuous surface preceding a rib provided with a durometer Distance at most equal to that between the axis and the nit elnei

10 9842/1385 ^ßAD

The spacing provided in the passage provided rib, where there Geese executed 1st, that by turning the camera In each group of grooves there are two ring-shaped and mutually counteracting grooves Columns of liquid form through the Durohlass from one groove to the other groove of each group and in the direction of the last groove of the groove sequence from one group to the next fHess by overflowing the liquid over the edge of the slt separating rib under the action of the ™ • Everyone receives the opposing liquidity valleys overflow to be added to each group forming liquid liquid developed centrifugal force «,

Two exemplary embodiments of an evaporator according to the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.
Ss «own:

Fig. 1 shows an axial longitudinal sonltt through an old Condenser-equipped evaporator according to the invention,

FIF _v 2 is a corresponding view of a modification of the evaporator of FIG · i _o

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The evaporator shown in FIG. 1 includes a cylindrical shape Trontael 1 with vertical axis, the old help is not shown The mean old twisted turning beam is yersetst in rotary motion and its Auesenwand 2 old a "wide longitudinally fringed wall 3" ine Katnuer 4 delimits which old Helsdaapf is to be fed as will be discussed in more detail below.

On the inside of the wall 3 protrudes a series of circular hollow ribs 6a to 61, which are connected to the aforementioned camera 4 and sloh radially into the interior of a duroh this Kaaaer delimited Verdaapfungskaaaer 5 extend into it »

The ribs 6a to 61 are arranged equidistantly from one another and along the wall 3 ”a series of transverse and superimposed ring-shaped channels 7a to 71 are cut off. Every single rib, and the ribs were according to the drawing 6a, 6o, 6e, 6g, 61 and 6k, has an axial inner edge at the lbrea Durohlasβ 8a, θο, Se, 8g, 81 and 8k on so that the channels 7a to 71 are tied together in pairs, now 7a and 7h 7o and 7d, 7e and 7f "7g" ad 7h, 71 and 7J, 7k and 71 "

According to the drawing, the radial height of the ribs is from the Upper side of Troaael 1 from near below from Blppe su rib ",

The au konmentrend «solution is in the harvest, 7a, the duroh

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the ribs 6a to 61 delimited cannula «it help one» old the Drum 1 non-rotatable distributor «9 radially introduced, where e * is precisely the difference in height of the individual ribs that enables the solution, successively in contact with the two sides to circulate each rib, as soon as the solution namely in the Entering channel 7a, it becomes under the action of the centrifugal force to which it is subjected as a result of the rotation of the drum 1 is driven into the channel 7b via the passage 8a, the radial solution height in each groove 7a and 7b into the outlet as the manifold 9 injects ale solution into the groove 7a, u * increases an equal amount.

If the groove 7b is full, the 1st groove 7a is not yet fans full, because the old delimiting the upper wall of the drum i Rib 6a is higher than the rib 6b, which with the opposite part of the rib 6a formed the groove 7b

Subsequent praise creates every further supply of liquid solution into the Groove 7a an increase in the height of the liquid contained in the groove 7b, so that this liquid over the inner edge of the Rib 6b overflows »This overflow becomes according to the action subjected to the centrifugal force, so that it migrates into the groove 7ο and from there through the passage 8b into the groove 7d inο The grooves 7o and 7d fill practically at the same time Time until the less deep groove 7d is full. From this eye

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Blok on, any Ubtr exercises the rib 6b into the hat 7o running liquid on the liquid "nose" partially filling this groove and the groove 7d as a result of the Centrifugal force is a pushing force that creates a fluid circulatlon from the groove 7c in direction to the groove 7d bestlaut α

The same process occurs in all of the ribs 6a up to 61 trimmed grooves «,

So it is the one on the ribs 6b, 6d, 6f, 6h, 6j, 61 Centrifugal force acting on overflowing liquid, which the actuating element fttr those arranged in the grater in the soalt A flow of fluid circulation created by its grooves forms.

I «Your movement proceeds in contact with old ones Hipping the vaporizer the solution begins to boil, whereby the steam blowers emerge from the ventilation in the area, in which] they are about the ribs 6b, 6d, 6f, 6h, 6j and 61 overflows.

The o erseugte Daapf becomes old from the Kamser 5 over one the trowel i permanently connected axial outlet channel 10 discharged.,

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BAD OWGINAL

left

The concentrated solution overflowing over the lower rib 6I is pushed radially outwards in the drum and flows by an annular channel 7m delimited between the rib 61 and the bottom 11 of the evaporation chamber 5 in the direction of a on the underside of the wall 3 arranged channel 12 "

This concentrated solution is aua the drum i via a Stutseen 13 discharged into the opening of a spiral-shaped collecting container surrounding the drum 1 at its lower part » 14 protrudes »This nozzle is simply provided with a calibrated nozzle that allows the condensate to escape without steam being able to escape ^

The nozzle 13 and its valve can of course be replaced by any suitable device which is capable of » to fulfill the same tasks.

The steam used to heat the drum is supplied via a with the drum 1 firmly connected and via a swivel twist 17, the line 15 closed off from a feed line 16 is introduced into the steam chamber 4

The steam condensed in the plow ribs 6a to 61 is through the centrifugal force in the direction of the outer rim of the drum

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BATH ORIGINAL

1 is pushed back, from where it is discharged via an outlet opening 18 for the condensate, with which a swelter connection 19 is connected, which feeds this condensate into the opening of a second spiral-shaped collecting container 20 be supplemented valve which entry from any possible fluid _F such as steam or air, prevents the drum when it stands still or is vapor empty ·

As in the case already discussed, the Stutsen 19 and its valve advantageously by any other and distribution devices are replaced in parallel "

In the embodiment shown, the increase in the Chamber 5 generated vapors through line 10 in the on The centrifugal condenser directly attached to the evaporator, whose rotatable part moves with it the drum 1 is firmly connected,

While the nozzle 9 of the evaporator is fed with the solution to be condensed via a condenser 21 in an axial direction The first line 22a protrudes in the direction of the *. The condenser is fed with cooling water via «la« the harvest Second line 22b surrounding the line instead. These lines are connected with the help of lines 25 and 2% and the swivel joint

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BATH

ι 7 fa "y b 9

seals 25 and 26 are connected to appropriate liquid sources.

The recovery of the condensed products is carried via a line 27 'which old dn the capacitor 21 surrounding fixed container 28 is provided ₀

This capacitor can also be of a different construction “and swar not rotatably with the evaporator and be connected to him via a single line.

It should be noted, however, that it is the illustrated arrangement of the The condenser on the evaporator enables a relatively strong negative pressure to be produced in it, which the Evaporation in the chamber 5 is facilitated accordingly.

The modification according to Flg. 2 differs from the In Flg. 1 only with regard to the radial strokes of the annular ribs with which the evaporator is provided

In this modification, they all have a passage 8a Ribs 6 have a radial height decreasing from top to bottom, while the ribs, the surface of which is continuous, are each have a radial height equal to that of the immediately below

109842/1385 ~ ^1% ~

ORiGtNAL INSPECTED

them arranged, ait a · Durohlass rib provided matches "So, the ribs 6b and 6c, 6d and 6e, 6f and 6g" 6h and 6i "6j and 6k a pairwise matching each radial Htthe _o

This aussert SiOH in a better working of the evaporator ₀ Above it was discussed that the fled in the grooves 7a exploiting Dende to 71 strumungsfählge mass when viewing the Zelohnung in these grooves from top to bottom only "irkuliert due to the action of the centrifugal force SiOH on the Overflow liquid developed on each side over the ribs 6b, 6d, 6f, 6b, 6j tiling overflow liquid _n In the embodiment a form according to Fig Difference between the radial height of each rib having a passage 8a and the radial strokes of each adjacent rib with a continuous surface _{0 which is arranged immediately below the relevant rib provided with a durometer}

In the modification according to FIG. 2, however, the maximum thickness is the overflow liquid, dl «the circulation of the liquid in the grooves of the evaporator can cause the same difference in the radial strokes each having a passage 8a Pair of ribs »Bs it is therefore clear that under these conditions

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ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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gungeη and for ribs provided with a passage, the radial height of which changes in the same way, the fluid drive thickness of the overflow "which can take place in the upstream of the passages 8a, in the case shown in FIG is large, as it may, it is called the Verdanpfer of Figure "1 be _o

The evaporator described can be the subject of further bulge invariants * For example, to facilitate the dismantling for the purpose of cleaning, the evaporation chamber could be formed from a stack of removable ring-shaped heating disks. In the evaporators according to FIg ₀ 2, these disks are practically the same in pairs. In addition, the heating ribs or disks could have a truncated cone shape that widens in the direction of the general flow movement of the solution.

It is clear _c that the ribs different, "could be, for example, heated j in electrical paths, Ausserden could in certain cases gentigen, nit help of Danpf only every second rib to heat * That is why, in the described embodiments, the axial passages having ribs 6aρ 6o _v 6e ₀ 6g "61 and 6k in the form of wet ring

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

disks must be made, the 1 «essential the task of Meet Zwisohenprellbleohen.

Since the device according to the invention, the Plüsslgkeitssirkulatlon old with the help of centrifugal force, did «a work independent of the force of gravity and consequently the can Axis of rotation of the device have any other position than the vertical position shown as an example in the figures, except earth « corresponds to every change in Durohsatsat that via the nozzle 9 distributed liquid an inverse change in the residence time this liquid in the evaporator, 00 daas it folglioh mttgliob 1st, by acting on this amount of Durohsatsats the concentration regulate the condensate obtained

Aueserden is the area around the circulation of the liquid in the evaporator on the formation of steam blooms »depends on,

Sohliesslioh is xu note »that the vaporizer according to the invention can advantageously be carried out in the form of a multi-acting evaporator, in this case several evaporations can be carried out chambers are arranged on one and the same axis of rotation, the reading being described with due provision by Centrifugal force circulates and in series from a chamber la dl « other «flows, while the solution evaporated in each chamber

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iNSPECTED

taittei subs Befeeis ^ ia the next? m Savir-ser ^ r that in the last Kairna ve-ffdaiapft "Lfissyi ^ aittsA in one. suitable capacitor feondens £ & sr3

Zusannenfaeeeud ^ @ is the Veröaüipi ^ r siacfc i ^; * invention compared to the known apparatus discussed at the beginning which is n & ulietehend listed advantages on:

- The vaporizer works without a puepe for the supply su condensing solution, since this solution through the circulating distributor 9 under the action of her the rotary motion of this distributor obsolete-J Van Z en- = trifugal force is applied steadily;

the circulation of the solution to be concentrated The vaporizer's ribs are "brought about" without pumping and are based solely on the cascade components Arrangement of the one «intη grooves delimited by the ribs;

the surface of the ribs is fully utilized, By keeping the liquid in the entire room »wipe the ribs unfl not in the form of a tine film on just one of your Stlttn is flowing;

Of «® ¹ ***"

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in the evaporation zone along the edges of the duroh the ribs delimited grooves are the liquid Particles which the steam could carry old, in contrast to this, are separated from these Effect of the centrifugal force to which you are exposed and which holds them back, while the steam is moving separates;

the device sees it, even solutions that tend to foam. In height· Degrees to be consolidated;

There is no latir adjustment whatsoever inside the exchanger mechanical part "instead of"

Although in the above description and in the belgef & et Drawing only one vaporizer has been mentioned 1st, all Im The inventive ideas set out above can be applied more generally to the construction of any heat exchanger

Hou / FÜ 20 502 patent claims;

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BATH

Claims (5)

Patent attorneys ΚρΙ, -lng. Richard Huller · Börner WpL-Ing. Hans-Heinrich Wey i / b 1J b 9 4 Öerlin-DaHem, PodJiciskiallee 68 Berlin, June 26, 196b THE BATTELLE DEVELOPMENT CORfOBATION COLUMBUS (Ohio) / USA Patent claim! 1. Evaporator, which is an evaporator to be set in rotary motion - kaaaer for the liquid solution to be concentrated “it is a row of ring-shaped ones protruding from the inside of its side wall Evaporation ribs, which uageben the axis of rotation of the Kaaaer and xvisohen themselves as well as to each «end of a part of the hands of the There is a series of coincidences, more appropriate Define grooves, also means, well at least every swelte rib su heat, and means, well the su concentrating solution in to bring in the Kaanar, as well as at least one opening for the recovery of the concentrated solution and at least one discharge opening fttr possesses the vapors produced, characterized in that the surface of the ribs (6a to 6l) is continuous or near the root of the ribs old at least a passage (6a to 8f) is provided in such a way that a Sequence of groups of two old interconnecting grooves (7a to 71) is created, namely because the means (9) sea introduction of the solution arranged so that the first Groove (7a) of the sequence old solution is fed, while the Rtiokge 109842/1385 INSPECTED ί / B y B 9 vinnungsttffnung (12) in the old ledge groove (7 ·), for the fact that the Abetend swlsohen the swivel eye of the earner (5) and the free edge of each old a «passage (8) flattened rib (6a, 6o, 6e, 6g , 61, 6k) from rib to rib in the direction of the Rttokgewinnungsuffnung sunlaat, and daduroh that the the Aohse of the free edge of each of an old "passage" leveled rib in front (6b, 6d, 6f, 6b, 6j, 61) The distance separating with a continuous fittobe is at the most equal to the distance between the aobse and the rib provided with a passage, the goose being designed so that, by turning the camera, in each group of grooves there are swelngföralge and counteracting fluvial columns The dvrob form the passage (8) from one groove to the other groove of each group and, in the light of the last groove (7 _{ppe under the action of the centrifugal force n applied} to the slob of each group of the overflow liquid forming the most opposing fluid structures of each group 2. Vaporizer according to Anspruoh i, daduroh gekennselohnet that the the Drebaobse of the Karaer (5) from the free edge of each rib (6a to 61) separating distance with the approach of these ribs 109842/1 385 ORlGiNAL INSPECTED ϊ 7 ti 9 H 9 4 to the recovery opening (12) from rib to rib, 3- evaporator NAOB claim 1, wherein velobe "at least the bebeisten ribs are bohl can thus circulate a heating medium in them gekennselohnet durob a wall (3) of the chamber (5) casing (2) ₈ surrounding of the wall (3 ) an annular chamber (4) delimits which is connected to the cavity of the ribs via passages in the wall of the chamber (5), the annular chamber (H) forming a medium collector for the ribs and to be connected to a source of this heating medium « 4, evaporator according to claim 3, in which the chamber is firmly connected to at least one axis of rotation, characterized in that the rotary shaft (15) is long, is connected to the chamber via at least one tube and from the connection element of the evaporator the hot medium quelic is ₀ In that the means introducing besteben sum of the liquid solution in the chamber (5) from at least one nozzle (9), the longitudinal axis sur Orehaohse (15) of the chamber (5) senkreoht i "runs essentially 5. An evaporator according to claim 1, characterized daduroh mad extends in lifting of the first groove (7a) of the groove row (7a to 7a) Β · «/! * 20 502 ^{9 8 A 2} ' ^{1 3 8 5} OnGR ₄ AL INSPECTED