DE176418C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE.

PATENT LETTERING

- M 176418 CLASS 21 a. GROUP

KOLOMAN v. KANDO in BUDAPEST.

Patented in the German Empire on December 19, 1905.

The invention relates to a device for controlling the speed of two or more Three-phase motors for railway operations, which makes it possible to use both high-voltage motors to run in cascade connection as well as independently of each other.

The task to be solved is the following:

There are two three-phase motors I and II

given (Fig. i). The power source forms

ίο a high voltage line i, 2, 3 from z. B.

3000 volts.

a) It should now be possible to start both motors in cascade connection by means of the starting resistor W (FIG. 1) and keep them in operation.

b) Both motors should be connected in parallel respectively. started independently of each other (Fig. 2) and can be kept in operation.

It is well known that starting resistors are intended for practical use only for Significantly lower voltages can be carried out than for the pantograph the contact wires, d. H. for the direct supply of the motors. For example can, as practical designs prove, with the contact wires supply voltages of 3000 volts, while the secondary voltage of the motors is significantly lower, e.g. B. not well above 600 volts, should be to enable the circuit (Fig. 2).

But in order to carry out the cascade connection (Fig. 1), the primary winding would have to B of the engine are also calculated for 600 volts II, so that, therefore, the circuit of Fig. 2 does not since the primary winding B, if for 600 would be executed, Volts is calculated, cannot be switched directly to the high-voltage lines 1,2,3 of 3000 volts.

To overcome this difficulty it has already been suggested to reduce the tension either for the second motor or for the starting resistor through interposition of a transformer in the required manner. The arrangement of a Transformer is cumbersome, and because it is important for railway operations is to save weight and space as much as possible and to eliminate the causes of any operational disruptions as far as possible, it seems desirable to arrange such a transformer or several, if more than two motors to be connected in cascade are to be used.

The subject of the invention now forms a circuit device which the initially allowed to solve the explained task without the use of transformers. With the new switching device, the individual phases of the high-voltage winding of the motors are divided into several departments which, if the motor is to be connected to the high-voltage line, in series, but if the motor is a guided motor from the lower secondary voltage

of the master motor is to be fed, must be connected in parallel.

If there is a large difference between the primary and secondary voltage an overly extensive subdivision of the winding may be required, for example in the case of a Primary voltage of 3000 volts and five times that with a secondary voltage of 600 volts Subdivision, which is cumbersome because of the many branch lines and contacts were.

To avoid this disadvantage, the individual phases of the high-voltage winding are also connected to a switch in this way connected, that the phases when feeding with the primary voltage in star connection, when feeding with the secondary voltage, however, in the delta connection with each other connected, whereby a reduction

j

tion of the voltage is carried out so that

for the example mentioned, only a three-fold subdivision of the high-voltage winding becomes necessary when the motor wound for 3000 volts is fed by a voltage of about 600 volts target.

In Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of an example of the new device for two Three-phase motors I and II shown.

The stator B of the motor II is wound for high voltage, specifically corresponding

. the parts X ¹ Y \ X ² Y ² and X ³ Y ^{s represent} the three phases. The individual phases of the stator winding are divided into several, e.g. B. divided into three sections p ^l p ² p ^s , which are connected to the switch S ¹ S ² S ³ . The three sections of the phases can be connected in series or in parallel by means of this switch. When the switches S ¹ S ² S ^{3 are} in the position shown with full lines, the sections of each phase are connected in series, while the position of these switches shown in dotted lines produces the 'parallel connection of the sections. In the phase X ¹ Y ¹ z. B. the current flow with the position of the switch S ¹ drawn with full lines the following: X ¹ p ¹ 5, 6, p ² , 7, 8, p ³ , Y ¹ , so that the coils p ¹ , p ² , p ³ are traversed in sequence, while in the dotted position one ends 6 and 8 of the coils p ² , p ³ at 4 and 9 at X ¹ , the other ends 5 and 7 of the coils p ¹ and p ² at 5, 10 and 7, 11 are connected to Y ¹ and thereby the three coils are connected in parallel.

The same switchover takes place through the

. Switch S ² and S ³ in phases X ² F ² and JS " ³ Y ³ .

The ends of the individual phases of the stator winding are led to a changeover switch U , namely the ends Y ¹ Y ' ² Y ^{a are} connected to the shift levers 12, 13, 14, while the ends X ² , X ³ respectively. X ¹ to contacts 15, 16 respectively. 17 are connected. The contacts 18, 19 and 20 are connected to one another by the conductor 21.

When the switch U is in the position shown with full lines, the ends Y ¹ Y ² Y ^{s of} the three phases through 12, 18 respectively. 13, 19 and 14, 20 and 21 connected to each other so that the phases are connected in star. If the switch U is brought into the position shown in dotted lines, then Y ^{1 is} connected through 12 and 15 with X-, further Y ² through 13 and 16 with X ³ and finally F ³ through 14 and 17 with X ¹ , so that the delta connection arises. The switches S ¹ , S ² , S ³ and U are expediently mechanically combined so that they are turned over at the same time.

The rotor b of the motor II can be connected to the starting resistor W ¹ by means of the switch Z.

The current collectors K, K, K, which take the current from the high-voltage lines 1,2,3, can be connected by means of the switch H either to the primary winding A of the motor I or to the primary winding B of the motor II, depending on which one or the other motor is to be fed directly from the high-voltage line.

The changeover switch Z connects the rotor α of the motor I with the poles X ¹ X ² X ^{3 of} the stator winding B of the motor II in its dotted position, while the rotor of the motor I is connected to the starting resistor W in the extended position of the switch Z.

When the engine I is to be started, the rotor of the same is connected to the starting resistor W by means of the switch Z. If the motor II is to run independently of I, the motor II is started via the switch Z ¹ by means of the starting resistor W after switching over the switch H and in the position of the switches S ¹ , S ² , S ³ and U shown in full lines.

If the two motors have the same number of poles, both can be connected to the high-voltage line at the same time, but if they have different numbers of poles, they can be switched on alternately to achieve two different speed levels. If the motor II is to be switched in cascade with the motor I in order to achieve a lower speed, the switches Z, S ¹ , S ² , S ^s and U are toggled into the position shown in dotted lines. This on the one hand becomes the runner

Claims (2)

of the motor I is connected to the stator of the motor II, but on the other hand, the sections of the individual phases of the stator winding are connected in parallel and the delta connection is established so that the stator winding B wound for high voltage can be fed by the low-voltage current of the rotor a. Since the switch Z is moved simultaneously with the switches S1, S2, S3 and U, all these switches can be mechanically combined and controlled by relays or compressed air at the same time or in a certain order. The cascade connection can also be established in such a way that the rotor a is connected to the rotor b, and the stator B of the motor II is connected to the starting resistor after the parallel and delta connection. Usually it is sufficient to equip only the stator winding of one motor II with the series-parallel and star-delta switching device, but both motors can also be constructed in this way. The new Schaltungseinrichtüng can of course also be used on more than two motors. Godfather nt-A ν Proverbs: 1. Cascade connection of high-voltage three-phase motors, characterized in that the individual phases of the high-voltage primary winding, which fed by the low-voltage secondary winding of the other motor or to be connected to a starting resistor, are divided in a manner known per se into several sections, which when supplied with high voltage directly from the mains in series and when used for low voltage (cascade connection) connected in parallel. 2. Embodiment of the circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that that the individual phases of the subdivided primary winding when supplied with high voltage in star and, when used for low voltage, in delta. 1 sheet of drawings.