DE1760471A1 - Process for the production of nonwovens from endless threads - Google Patents

Description

1 oo. Ux ^ 1

Process for the production of νυη VIigüen from endless threads

Glanzstoff AG Wuppertal

The invention relates to a method for producing nonwovens of endless threads.

In addition to nonwovens made of staple fibers, their use for the most diverse Is known areas of application, fleeces made of endless threads have also gained importance. Such endless webs are preferred produced by spinning synthetic polymers from multi-hole nozzles in such a way that the threads, if necessary after a scattering, collects on suitable documents. Generally will by blowing the threads in front of the collecting device or by applying an electric field causes a swirl. Fleece Endless threads can be used for practically the same purposes as nonwovens made of staple fibers »for example for Production of so-called "non-woven textiles", filling material for quilts and the like. Or after impregnation with suitable binders as interlining materials.

The invention relates to a method for the production of nonwovens made of endless threads made of synthetic polymers in a very simple way.

According to the invention, stretched synthetic filament tows are subjected Polymers with permanent crimp with a single thread denier of 0.5 to 20 denier, preferably 2 to 8 denier, and a number of frizzled arcs from 60 to 150 per 10 cm, preferably 80 to 150 per 10 cm a short-term elongation in the area of their elastic elongation, but at least with a load of 0.1 p / den, and that subsides forming non-woven thread from without tension.

The "area of elastic elongation" is understood to mean the area in the force-elongation diagram up to such a specific load on the (crimped) thread at which an identical. However, uncrimped thread shows a permanent elongation below 4%.

109853 / U38

The optimal load and thus the outlet of the L'ir.i-unc is for Each thread material is different, but can be made by pre-beech can be easily determined. You ict when the thread cord is reached after the brief elongation to cinemVlics of the greatest breadth spreads. As the upper limit of the specific load, the Value at which the curl of the flaps can be seen Relief is just receding. Preferably one stays Jodoch below this exposure limit.

In the case of polyethylene cerephthalate threads, the short-term L'n ^ nj is carried out under a load in which the permanent ψ elongation of the thread is less than 3 % and, if possible, less than 1.5 / -> . In any case, however, the load must be at least 0.1 p / den.

For polyethylene terephthalate hollow fibers with a single thread tore of 0.5 to 20 den, preferably 3 to 8 den and a frill number from 60 to 150 per 10 cm, preferably 80 to 150 per 10 cm a load of 0.1 to lp / den to achieve sufficient, a Exposure between 0.5 and 0.8 p / den has proven to be useful for achieving very good results.

In order to generate particularly bulky and voluminous non-woven fabrics are poly _t äthylenterephthalatfäden, polyethylene terephthalate Hchifäden preferably having a void volume of 10 to 20 # »in particular 12 to 25% most suitable. However, the method is koir.ee..e _t ~ c limited to these starting materials. If the nonwovens are to be processed into 2-in-1 c- ^r fabrics or non-woven textile webs and less emphasis is placed on bulk, filament cables made of polyamides, polypropylene or other synthetic polymers can also be used. In addition to the chemical constitution of the polymers used, the entire pretreatment that the threads have undergone during their production also plays a role, for example the spinning conditions, type and extent of the drawing and kinking, etc. a certain role. These factors are important when choosing the

109853/1438 ^{ßAD 00} ^ lNAL

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driving conditions or in llini, lic, v ".uf the vrζ :: tr.bt.-ri; -. ig <. nschaftr.n of the end product R-: chr.ur. _t : to be carried.

In the case of the - .; rfinduncG £ - ^ - scen method, the extent of the curling, ie the number of curling arches per unit of length. As regards the nature of the crimp, or by the Krüuoolung is achieved of the method, besteh.η ^f k: j in restrictions. It is possible, for example, to use twisted, twisted tows which have a two-dimensional crimp. In addition, the method can also be carried out with good success with threads that have a three-dimensional crimp. Such threads can be chemically or physically different obtained, for example by spinning of two polymers by means of 'special nozzles called. Composite filaments.

The single thread titer can be within relatively wide limits. vary and will - just like the thread material to be used - have to be matched to the intended use. Particularly favorable results of Sr are obtained with yarns vcn a Einzelfadentiter 2 to 8 have the.

The spreading effect is most conspicuously influenced by the extent of the elongation, which according to the invention can be seen in the area of the elastl Elongation, but at least under a load of 0.1 p / den. At the lower and upper limits of the stretching and j In the load area, the spread is usually only slight, but elongations within these limits are still within the scope of the invention.

Since a force acting on a crimped thread cable initially. leads to the fact that the crimp latently disappears and the cable appears almost smooth before the threads are stressed to stretch, it is expedient to set up the device by which the elongation of the thread cable in the area of elastic elongation is effected, an apparatus is connected upstream in which an elongation predominantly in the area of Crimp stretching can be done. Conventional braking devices or the like, for example, are suitable for this purpose.

109853 / U38 BAD ORIGINAL

Item GW

The width of the resulting fleece is of course dependent on the number of individual threads of the thread cable used, which, depending on the intended use, for example 3000 to JO 000 or more can be.

The procedure is not restricted to the use of specific apparatus Bound, but establishments in which the length of the thread cable takes place between roller lot- or * quartets, as proved particularly useful. The fixtures must be accurate Setting and maintaining the required low voltages' | allow. The thread cable can be directly behind the drafting section

relaxed and put down in a tension-free state. In general, however, it will be more appropriate »to run the cable behind the second roller unit over another take-off device, behind which a traversing device is arranged.

The handling of the thread cable between the second roller unit and the take-off device can be varied within wide limits. For example, it is possible to relax the thread cable completely or partially, so that the elastic stretch and, if necessary, the crimp stretch can recede completely or partially. In this case, the cable has a certain spreading effect - depending on the voltage reduction - already in this section. The invention · ί. However, depending on the elongation of the cable, it can also be done in two stages, that is, if the circumferential speed of the roller units is in the order v ^, v ₂ and v, the condition ^V 1 ^<V 2 ^<V 3 S ^{i: Lt} · ^{It l8t in} this case zweckmXssig to move the gröeseren percentage of elongation in the first Verzugestrecke. As soon as the thread cable has left the last guide element, as already mentioned above, the complete spreading to the thread fleece takes place. At the same time, the crimped threads jump in again.

BAD ORIGINAL 109853 / U3

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The process is explained in detail using a Gchcmackizzo:

By spinning polyethylene terephthalate at a LÖGungsviskosität \ rel ^of 1 * 60 (measured on a 1 #igen solution in m-cresol at 25 ⁰ C) by means of a l80-orifice nozzle to a Hohlfadenkabcl. The filament tow is stretched in the usual way in a steam atmosphere at 160 ° C. in a ratio of 1: 4.1 and then upset-crimped.

'Firmness strain

Void volume Single titer 5.5 the number of curled sheets 100 per 10 cm

(The number of crimped arcs is determined on pieces of thread preloaded with 3 mg counted, whereby every pronounced change of direction is considered as an arc, i.e. a sine curve would correspond to two curling arcs).

This thread cable is fed from a storage vessel 1 via torsion bar brakes 2 and deflection rods 3, 4 to a roller center 6. A cable guide 5 is arranged in front of this. The circumferential speed of the rollers of the Trioa 6 is 60 m / min. The cable is lengthened between the Trio 6 and a second Walzentrio 7 by 8 % to £ 10. The applied voltage corresponds to a load of 0.75 p / den. After leaving the roller duo 7, the cable is guided over two rods to a roller duo 9, the peripheral speed of which corresponds to that of the trio 7. Behind the duo 9, the cable spreads to form a fleece approximately 55 cm wide and is placed in a cardboard box 10 by means of a simple traversing device.

Instead of the collecting vessel shown in the figure, other devices can of course also be used. When the fleece to be used for the production of pillows, the fleece is either taken from the storage container shown or immediately after leaving the described device looker on a reel -

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wrapped. For the production of quilt fillings or the like the fleece is paneled in a known manner.

109853/1438

Claims (4)

Claims 1.) Process for the production of nonwovens from endless threads, characterized in that stretched tow made of synthetic polymers with permanent crimping with a Kingle thread denier from 0.5 to 20 denier, preferably from 3 to 8 denier . and a curl number of oO to 150 per 10 cm, preferably 80 to 150 per 10 cm of brief elongation in the area of their elastic elongation, but at least with a load ■ of 0.1 p / den and the nonwoven thread formed without Releases tension. 2.) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that cables made of polyethylene terephthalate threads are used. j5.) Process according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that cables made of hollow fibers with a void volume of 10 to JO %, preferably 12 to 25 %, are used. 4.) Process according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that one cable made of PolyäthylenterephthalatrHohlfäden with a single thread denier of 0.5 to 20 den, preferably 2 to 0 den and a number of crimped arcs of 60 to 150 per 10 cm, preferably 80 to 150 per 10 cm of brief elongation under a load of 0.1 to 1 p / den, preferably 0.5 to 0.5 p / den {subject . 1 098 53 / U38 ORIGINAL BATHROOM