DE1719486A1 - Device for separating a liquid and / or vaporous medium from a carrier gas and its use in aircraft - Google Patents

Description

Welding such erische Confederation, represented by the Swiss Federal Aircraft, Emmen (Lucerne, Switzerland)

Device for separating a liquid and / or vapor medium from a carrier gas and its use in aircraft

The present invention relates to a device for separating a liquid and / or vapor medium from a carrier gas and its use in aircraft.

In air conditioning systems it is often necessary to use the to remove condensed moisture from cooled air, the water separation with advantage directly in the Connection to the air cooling is made. The water separation devices provided to fulfill this task are therefore mostly in the air conditioning system arranged as close as possible to the cooling unit.

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Some of the well-known water separators are equipped with a fog condenser made of glass fiber material, which is on a cone-shaped coarse sieve or perforated plate is attached, equipped, or with an arrangement called a filter., in which a metal perforated sheet metal support is coated with porous, fibrous material to protect the damp Unite particles.

^ These capacitors or filters, their action physically is not explained in more detail, are installed in front of that part of the water separator that separates the Mixture causes.

In the known water separation devices there are always centrifugal forces used to separate the heavier water droplets from the air. These centrifugal forces are thereby generated that e.g. two mutually inclined, semi-elliptical * table baffle plates are inserted into the pipeline, or sheet metal strips are installed alone or in addition, those wound around a central rod with a uniform pitch or with a decreasing pitch, in any case with a relatively small pitch and which lead to the generation or to an increase of the centrifugal forces. Other devices leave the mixture from a vessel into the downstream line like this

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drain that the inlet via axially parallel slots takes place tangentially into the conduit, the current in such a way in a rotational movement offsetting.

Finally, there are devices that use rotating impellers or use bladed wheels to set the flowing mixture in a superimposed rotational movement, whereby the The energy required to rotate the impeller or the bladed wheel is either taken from the flowing air by means of a turbine or is supplied by external sources.

In the well-known water separation devices, the duroh die Separate centrifugal forces, outwards to the turn forced liquid through slits that run either transversely to the axis or parallel to it, or through the circumference distributed small holes, which may be arranged in a groove in the wall, into an outer collecting space led from where it is led into the open air. At all known devices, these slots or holes are directly in the zone of the swirl-generating elements or directly then arranged. With some devices, part of that is contained in the rotation of the air flow Energy recovered by the flow through a turbine wheel or through a ring of guide vanes

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is straightened.

The known water separation devices described are comparatively complicated and do not make any demands on you always insignificant space show a relatively large one Weight on, require special maintenance or pay ™ Causes in the Gs flowing through the device a proportional one significant pressure loss.

These properties of known water separation devices are particularly disadvantageous when the flow velocity is large, e.g. in the order of 50 meters per second and whenever the air conditioning system is is located in an aircraft, where it should be as small and light as possible and, with regard to mine, minimal le- " stungsdimensionierung should bring about the lowest possible pressure drop. At the same time, however, the water separation should take place with a high degree of efficiency, i.e. with a large ratio of the amount of water separated to the Any amount of water that can be separated off, insufficient air dehumidification When operating air conditioning systems in airplanes can be disadvantageous and flight safety hazardous way steam deposits on navigation and other monitoring instruments.

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The purpose of the invention is to avoid the mentioned disadvantages of known devices for water separation and To create a device that has the best effect, that takes up little space and without difficulties even with crowded people Space can be accommodated.

According to the invention, the device is characterized in that that this has an element which at least partially consists of a catalyst for droplet formation.

The invention is then exemplified with reference to the drawing explained. Show it:

Pig 1 a device for water separation in view,

Fig. 2 shows the device of Pig 1 in longitudinal section , \

3 shows an enlarged λ screw of the device from FIG. 2

\ \ ter side view,

FIGS. 4 and 5 a longitudinal section and a rear view \

a variant of a water separation device. j

According to FIG. 1, the water separator has the outer one In the form of a cylindrical tube 1 which has an open end 2 for the inflow of the steam-containing, cooled Ch.ses, e.g.

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20 9811 / 13S6 <***** ■ "'""

Air, in the direction of care shown and an open end 9 for. The dehumidified gas or the dehumidified air flows out in the direction of the arrow. The pipe 1 also has a sleeve-like extension 14 in which the separated water is collected and to which a line 15 is connected for discharging the collected water. The tube 1 is connected with the end 2 to the outlet opening of a gas or air cooling device, not shown. The outlet end 9 is connected to one or more further pipelines, not shown, through which the cooled air, which has for the most part been freed from water, is guided to the desired outflow locations. The tubular water separator shown in FIG. 1 therefore represents part of the air line laid by the KUhI device, where it is used. In cases where the cooling unit is to be set up directly on site. At which the conditioned air is needed, not desired or not possible, a connection line must be seen anyway. The illustrated water search device replaces this connection line partially or completely, so that there is advantageously no additional. Takes up space.

Further details of the example shown in FIG.

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Set device are described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and ^ . At the open end 2 of the tube 1 through which flows the steamy, cooled air, a straight section 3 ⁿ -n, in which the generation of condensate is effected closes off vapor. This is followed by a pipe section 4, which can have a slight curvature and which is provided as a flow section for the WT-ssertröpfehen-air mixture if the pipe 1 cannot be laid straight over its entire length for reasons of space. The pipe section 4 can, however, also be omitted. The length of the section 4 and its curvature are therefore completely irrelevant with regard to the function of the device.

The possibly existing pipe section 4 can be separated by couplings with the pipe section 3 ηηά the Kohrstrectee 5, so that the sections 3 belonging to the actual device on the one hand and 5 to 8 on the other hand can form completely separate units, even if there is no pipe section 4, the Pipe sections 3 and 5 can be separated from one another by a coupling.

A straight pipe section 5 is then provided, in which gives the axially flowing mixture a downstream continuously increasing rotation around the flow

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axis is superimposed so that the heavy water droplets in a subsequent, straight pipe section 6 provided as a hiking section due to their greater centrifugal force Push against the wall of the pipe 1, while the lighter air inwards into the area around the pipe axis is displaced. This hiking route represents an essential functional element of the device. Its optimal length is in the range of 1-2 times the inner diameter of this pipe P part. In the subsequent pipe section 7, the cut off Water droplets largely separated out and removed through line 15.

Another straight pipe section 8 is used to continuously eliminate the still existing component of faster rotation of the air flowing on, so that at the outlet end 9 of the pipe 1 there is only an at least approximately axial air flow, W The same effect can be achieved in this way that instead of the pipe section 8, an Evolute IV is set; the air being carried away tangentially and perpendicularly to the preceding pipe section, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 4.

In the pipe section j5 there is one made of a fine-meshed network

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thin metal wires and supporting sheet metal ribs existing element 10 arranged. This has the task of eliminating the largest possible part of the steam present in the incoming, cooled air. The sudden pressure change associated with the passage of the gas through the network and the resulting temperature decrease improve the preconditions for such a λ- like excretion, so that the metal molecules released by the network made of the corresponding metal act as condensation nuclei with a catalytic effect Induce the formation of water droplets. It is therefore possible, for example, to use a mesh made of stainless steel wire as a so-called condensation grid and, if necessary, to combine this with another catalyst, e.g. silver iodide. The element 10 advantageously has the shape of the surface of a cone, the axis of which lies in the flow axis J and the tip of which is directed against the flow. The base of the cone corresponds approximately to the cross section of the pipe 1. The element 10 can be formed by a self-supporting mesh and / or by sheet metal ribs, which is pushed into the pipe 1 and at the desired point, for example, by stops such as rivet pins against displacement is secured.

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JO

The element arranged in the pipe section 5, which generates the rotation of the air flow, consists of a fixed element built-in, one-piece and single workpiece screw 11. The two faces of the screws together with the cylindrical wall of the tube 1 ^ form two helical channels through which the air flows and which therefore impart the desired twist to the air flow.

The screw 11 is shaped so that its pitch is in the direction of flow decreases progressively and continuously from an almost infinitely large value to a very small value. As a result, the air flow is gradually diverted so that pressure losses as a result of the flow breaking off | be avoided.

In Fig. 3 an embodiment of the screw 11 schematically drawn in Fig. 2 is shown in an enlarged side view. The screw 11 has a half turn and is at its leading edge 11 ^! and / or profiled their trailing edge. It can be milled out of full material, for example, by means of a program-controlled milling machine or by turning a sheet metal strip in a clamping device which creates the desired progressive slope

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causes to be produced. The one on the inside diameter of the pipe 1 (Fig. 2) overturned screw 11 is pushed into the pipe 1 and at the intended location (pipe section 5) secured against shifting and twisting, for example, by means of rivet pins inserted into the tube.

In the pipe section 7 are in the wind of the pipe 1 at an angle, roughly transverse to the resulting ruling on the wall Flow direction extending and overlapping in the flow direction slots 13 are arranged. In addition, the Pipe section 7 surrounded by an outer jacket 14, the inner wall of which with the outer wall of the pipe 1 is an annular Limited space. The water droplets running along the inner wall of the pipe 1 from the pipe section 6 occur through the slots 13 to the outside and are collected by the jacket 14, whereupon they lead through the downward Step line 15 outdoors. The line 15 has a constriction 16 which acts as a throttle for the water droplets represents air passing through the slots 13 into the jacket 14 and thereby keeps the loss of air low. The jacket is advantageously eccentric with respect to the gas pipe.

In the last pipe section 8, a member is disposed which eliminates the rotation of the air flow again, and the

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also consists of a permanently installed worm 12 which, however, is wound in the opposite direction to the first worm 11 and whose pitch increases progressively from a very small value to a very large value. The screw 12 is advantageously designed as a mirror image of the screw 11 shown in Fig. J> and otherwise exactly the same as this.

The straight pipe section 8 and the screw 12 arranged therein can also be replaced by an evolute 17, such as it is shown in Figs. The Evolute 17 is an eccentrically arranged collecting chamber, which eliminates the rotation of the air flowing on by the fact that the air is collected in a bulge of increasing cross-section and, after almost one pass, finally tangential to the pipe, perpendicular to the original flow axis, is led away.

With the addition of the new speed component due to the generation of the rotation in the line, there is a Associated drop in static pressure in the flow. When eliminating the rotation in the line 8 or in the Evolute 17, this pressure drop is recovered for the most part, which in the entire device between

209811/1365 originally inspected

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the inlet 2 and outlet 9 measurable pressure loss is significantly reduced.

_: The inlet end 2 and the outlet end 9 of the pipe 1 have the same diameter as the preceding or following lines of the air conditioning system. The pipe sections 3, 4, 5s 6, 7 and 8 are of the same diameter or only slightly larger than the lines mentioned. »The length of the device from end 2 to 9 is, without section 4, but with section 8, about 10 times larger than the pipe diameter. The pipe section 4 can, as already mentioned, be straight or curved and of any length. These properties of the device, together with the fact that in most cases a certain line length between the cooling device and the room to be provided with conditioned air is necessary anyway, that the additional space requirement of the water separation device is reduced to the additional space requirement in the pipe section 7> ie remains limited to the space required for the jacket 14 and the line 15 and possibly for the evolute 17. Since the wall of the pipe sections J>, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 corresponds to the pipe wall which is normally present anyway, the extra weight of the G -'- ' 113 compared to a simple pipe consists only of the weight d33 net-shaped and shaped

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JH

based element 10, the two screws 11 and 12, the jacket 14 and the drainage line 15, which is only an insignificant Represents an increase in weight. Finally, the device described has the advantage that the efficiency the water separation is relatively large, i.e. for example 6o #, and that the funds provided for this purpose can be produced easily and without particularly high costs, and that, furthermore, the device is practically maintenance-free is because there are neither moving parts nor non-metallic material.

So that the Xm KUhlgerät, which is connected upstream of the water separator, cooled air in the area of the water separator cannot rewarm too much, it is advantageous to encase the pipe 1 (Fig. 2) with an insulating layer.

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Claims (1)

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