DE1708611A1 - Device for ventilation of water flowing under pressure - Google Patents

Description

Dipl. Ing. Heinz Barclohle j 3 f _eUi

Potent attorney
8 λ'-monks 22

Applicant: Elle P. Aghnides Device for aeration of water flowing under pressure

In the USA patents 2 210 846 and 2 316 832 devices for aeration of water flowing under pressure are described, hereinafter referred to as aerators for short, which are used in large numbers have been applied. In these aerators, high speed water jets are submerged by jet generating means Presence of air directed towards the wire mesh, the jet velocity and the resistance of the mesh being so related to each other are matched so that a soft flow of water enriched with air bubbles results. The aerator according to US Pat. No. 2,210,846, in which the jet generators consist of a single Passing the transverse wall, water streams enriched with air bubbles formed which were relatively hard and uneven were, unless the resistance of the grid was increased f and thus the ventilation reduced »In contrast, j improved Aerators are described in U.S. Patents 2,316,832 and 2,104, the above the aforementioned bulkhead a contain further transverse wall, which generates water jets. Most of the aerators used today have two such transverse walls or a single transverse wall according to the USA patent 2 998 929, which delivers strongly swollen jets of water and requires a lower grid resistance than that caused by the created two transverse walls according to U.S. Patent 2,316,832

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Jets of water, do a uniform and soft with air bubbles to generate highly enriched water flow.

The aerator according to the US-patents 2 210 β46 and 2 jib 8j2 which produce a highly aerated water stream, have been used in weitein extent despite the considerable throttling of the water Strömes and a resulting thereby pressure, the tendency to leak at the Wasserzuführun & srohr caused _e on several occasions has also been shown that the adjusting themselves before the A aerator pressure prevented superheaters ignition of gas Durchlaufer- length. In order to remedy this disadvantage, aerators are now being produced which have a larger number of openings. Or larger openings in the transverse walls, so that with these new types of aerators pressures in front of the aerators of the order of magnitude of 0.7 kg / square centimeter result Pressures of up to 3 kg / qcm with the older types of aerators

The use of more and / or larger openings in the transverse ^ walls leads to the delivery of more water with a lower jet velocity over the grid area, which is not greater than is earlier. It has now been found that for optimal ventilation there must be a certain relationship between the jet speed and the grid resistance. However, it works the use of more or larger openings in the jet generating means significantly deviates from the optimal conditions, so that such aerators neither have a fully aerated jet of drinking water give off a foamy jet of water, especially when

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Washing is particularly pleasant. For manufacturing reasons, it is however, it is impractical to build one type of high ventilating ventilator and another type of low back pressure, so that a compromise had to be made. As a result, neither users uninterested in gas water heaters nor those that are subject to a strong flow of water or decreased Back pressure did not arrive, to be optimally satisfied.

The disadvantages mentioned are in a device for ventilation of water of the above-described type flowing under pressure is eri'invention according to the fact that it is a f

optionally · contains insertable element that has some openings of the Makes the beam generating means completely or partially impermeable and thereby the speed of the incident on the sieve member Rays increased.

The aerator according to the invention thus delivers as a function of the mentioned element either a highly aerated water flow due to an optimal coordination of Strong · - J speed and resistance of the sieborgan or the grid,

or a less ventilated but stronger water flow as well reduced back pressure due to reduced jet speed, whereby the otherwise possible incorrect operation or non-triggering of Gas water heaters is avoided

In order to achieve this · effect · is the aerator according to the invention constructed in such a way that it optionally · a · reduction of the dem

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Causes water flow of opposite resistance which the jet generating means cause. This is made possible by the fact that the effective number and / or the effective cross-section the entirety of the passages in the jet generating means is increased. According to a special embodiment of the In accordance with the invention this is effected by a perforated disc which closes some of the passages in the jet generating means or reduced in size, resulting in a higher jet velocity, higher back pressure and a higher degree of ventilation, Conversely, if there is no disc, a lower jet speed, lower dynamic pressure and a lower degree of ventilation. These two opposite effects can also be used by different positions of the disc.

In a former position with partial coverage or reduction The aerator delivers a normal flow of water through the passages, whereas in a second position an increased flow of water through the beam generating means is allowed through. This results in the aerator together with the element used in one Location a well-ventilated water flow compared to the older known aerators, in a different location a reduction in water flow Water flow with increased ventilation and softer flowing water (which saves water) and in the absence of the element one Reduction of the back pressure with a corresponding increase in the amount of escaping water with reduced ventilation

There are already known inserts for aerators, which the

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Cover or reduce the passage in the jet generating means and / or the direct · sealing of some of the openings in the Cause transverse wall which generates the water jets, these inserts are generally designed to have this covering effect with respect to a peripheral row of openings in the Generate beam generating means. It has been found, however, that the cross-section is greatly reduced and uneven and gives little softer water flow, quite different from what happens when the outer peripheral row of passages is in the jet generating means is not covered or if the cover of the passages upstream of the jet generating means occurs * In this case the aerator delivers a round and soft jet of water, which in its dimensions and its appearance is even. The present invention is therefore a different principle from that in the USA patents 2,774,584 and 2,811,340. The known adjustable ventilators, which should be used to provide high levels of ventilation, with or without reducing the resulting Water flow, did not lead to particularly even and soft water flows in the various settings * In contrast, the construction according to the invention provides a high Gradually aerated water flow with reduced water flow through the emitter absorbents and also with reduced ventilation as a result of a reduction in the water resistance in the aerator to an even and soft water flow, with the additional Back pressure is reduced "

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While the adjustable known aerators were aimed solely at increasing the back pressure when the pressure of the supplied water was low, in order to still achieve good ventilation, the aerator according to the invention is used according to some of its embodiments to reduce the back pressure, regardless of the degree of the supplied water, unr to take into account the functional requirements of connected gas water heaters. In addition, the aerator according to the invention to reduce the amount of water delivered by it ^ in order to save water in this way, which in particular ^ is of particular importance in the case of its use in industrial and public buildings. Finally, the aerator according to the invention also leads to good ventilation at a low level Pressure of the delivered water. In the known adjustable aerators, the means for reducing the water flow are either provided for aerators with only one transverse wall, the means mentioned being the openings for generating on the grille Directly cover directed jets with the result of a relatively hard exiting water jet, or it is the peripheral passages in the downstream transverse wall closed with the result that the one resulting at the outlet Water stream was thin and splashing. In contrast, stay with some embodiments of the aerator according to the invention Despite the openings being covered, all openings are open, so that there is an even and soft aerated water flow.

The well-known adjustable aerators were also under construction

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Complicated and therefore expensive, since they were geared towards manual actuation from the outside, whereas the aerator according to the invention is particularly simple and is therefore cheap because the element contained in it for covering the openings only after removal of the ventilator from the relevant one Water outlet becomes accessible.

With the known adjustable ventilators, therefore, highly air-enriched and soft water flows combined with low back pressure could not be achieved. Experience has shown that the housewife would regularly set the known ventilators so that they had a poorly ventilated and weakly spraying water flow instead of a highly ventilated one relatively hard water flow. The consequence of this was only a small saving in water. In contrast, the aerator according to the invention with the element used provides a non-splashing and uniform flow of water with sufficient ventilation in every position of the element. Therefore, the aerator according to the invention can also be used in localities without a gas water heater, where it has a _Λ causes high levels of ventilation. In towns with gas flow

i heaters the mentioned element can also be used, provided the water heater is not connected in the immediate vicinity of the water course. In this case the delivers Ventilators according to the invention also have a relatively high degree of ventilation. In any case, the mentioned element can be used or omitted to regulate the back pressure and the amount of water outflow in the desired way »

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In addition, the mentioned element provides the advantage that it acts as a filter. Indeed, the element normally has a number of openings of such a dimension that it holds in place deposits and particles carried by the water otherwise either the openings in the jet generating means or the grid would clog.

In the case of the known adjustable aerators, the openings in the single transverse wall are either closed by a directly resting W disk or by the sealing periphery of a second P transverse wall or their cross-section is reduced, the disc or second transverse wall being above the former Transverse wall are arranged. In the aerator according to the invention, the mentioned element is the reduction of the water flow effected, disposed over the upstream side of the jet generating means, as in any of the three above mentioned patents are disclosed. The mentioned element can exercise the said filter function, but does not have to do so

In the figures, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. Show it

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through an inventive

Aerator, 1A and 1B modifications of the exemplary embodiment

according to Flg. 1,

2 shows a cross section of a further modification of the invention,

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2A and 2B are views of modifications of the aerator

according to Fig. 2,

3 shows a cross section of a further embodiment

the invention

4 shows a cross section of a modification of the jet generating means and an insert for an aerator according to FIG. 3,

Figures 4A and 4B are modifications of an insert intended for

the embodiment of the arrangement like «Fig. 4A and M

FIG »ä 5 is a cross-sectional view of another Auaführungs-

example of an aerator according to the invention.

The aerator of FIG. 1 includes an outer cylindrical housing 10 with an inner upstream shoulder 11 which carries an inner ring-like insert 12. The insert 12 defines an annular air passage 13 »that of the outlet side of the aerator extends to the mixing space 14, into which the air passes through windows in the insert 12. The insert 12 has a constriction 16 at its lower end,

which carries a plurality of mixing grids 17 stacked on top of one another. Near its upstream end has the Insert 12 has an annular, inwardly directed shoulder 18, the two transverse walls arranged at a distance from one another 19 and 20, each of which has a plurality of openings 21 and 22.

On the top of the upper transverse wall 20 is a current regulator -

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piece 23 arranged with a plurality of openings 24 and an outer support ring 25 is provided, which can serve as a seal and thus an otherwise necessary and customary O-ring replaced. When the current regulating piece is in the position shown, a plurality of covers Some of the openings were suspended in the upper transverse wall 20, which results from the fact that the lower delimiting surface 27 each of the hinge 26 in a plane with the base 28 of the fe Hinges 25 is, whereby each lower boundary surface one ^ Ring 26 rests against the surface of the transverse wall 20. It should be emphasized, however, that the peripheral ring of breakthroughs remains uncovered in the upper transverse wall 20 and only the inner rows of openings are closed. As above mentioned, this results in an aerated water flow of full and round shape.

When the current regulating piece 23 is turned over as shown in FIG. 1, the rings 2b can no longer cover the openings 22 in the upper transverse wall. This results in a significantly lower Reducing the flow of water through the upper transverse wall 20, which is then obviously still bigger than when that Current regulating piece 23 is not inserted into the aerator at all.

With the position of the current regulating piece 23, as shown in FIG is shown, there is a · speed of the transverse walls 20 and 21 generated water jets with respect to the

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Resistance, given by the mixing grid 17, that a sets optimal aerated water flow at the outlet end of the aerator. However, if the flow regulating piece 23 is inserted in the opposite position, there is a significant reduction in the jet speed and thus the back pressure, However, good ventilation is still achieved even at relatively low water pressures, which is particularly the case with higher water pressures still leads to considerable water savings. After all, is the current regulating piece 23 at all if not used, there is no diminution of the ^

Water penetration, whereby the low «possible back pressure ™ is achieved, which, however, is associated with a greater leakage of water and a reduction in ventilation.

1A shows a modification of the beam generating means, namely the two transverse walls 19a and 20a, which can be used instead of the corresponding transverse walls 19 and 20 according to FIG. 1A. In the position shown in FIG. 1A, the additional current regulating piece 23a covers the two outer rows of openings in the transverse wall 20a. In contrast, a water flow allows the flow-regulating i 2JA piece in its inverted position by the outer two rows of apertures, wherein, however, the flow is reduced by the inner rows of openings ·

Above it has been pointed out that covering the outer or peripheral rows of breakthroughs in the beam

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generating means to a non-circular and splashing water flow leads. This disadvantage can largely be eliminated if, in accordance with the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1A, the lower transverse wall 19a is provided with a curved part 19b, since the rays emanating from this part diverge and thus fill the entire barely below, although the outer rows of breakthroughs do not receive any water jets, which is due to the covering effect created by the Current regulating piece 23a is caused when this is is in the position shown in Fig. 1A. If, on the other hand, the current regulation piece 23a is removed, the transverse walls 19a act and 20a in a manner as disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,316,832 is described. The back pressure is then significantly reduced and the water passage increased.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1B, the flow regulating piece 23b has an outer sealing ring 30 which, in the embodiment shown in FIG 1B, the lower boundary surface of the current regulating piece 23 from the surface of the transverse wall 31 is shown ) spatially separates, (in Fig. 1B only the upper of two is Beam generating means shown. It should be pointed out, however, that two such elements can of course also be provided, as is shown in FIG. Aue of Fig. 1B it can be seen that in the case of use of the Current regulating pieces 23b in reverse position the surface 32, which are in a plane with the surface of the sealing ring is to lie directly on the surface of the transverse wall 31

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comes, with which the inner rows of openings 33 are covered, but the outer rows of openings remain open, so that a full round stream of aerated water flows out of the aerator.

Due to the position of the flow regulating piece 23b shown in FIG. 1B, there is medium ventilation and a relatively low dynamic pressure however, inserted in its inverted position, a highly aerated water flow is created, but associated with a higher back pressure and less water penetration. If the flow regulating piece 23b is removed, the least ventilation results, but the least dynamic pressure and set the highest water penetration.

In FIG. 2, an aerator with a single transverse wall is shown in accordance with

U.S. Patent 2,998,929. Assume that the

Current regulating piece 34 is not used, it results

a water passage through the openings 35 » 3 & and 37, respectively

on both sides of bridges 39, 40 and 41, creating a '

meandering passage sets for each water flow that one causing a swollen jet of water. The current regulation piece 34 is with a plurality of ring-shaped protruding

Lugs 42 and 43 (see the top view according to FIG. 2A),

which penetrate into the spaces between the mentioned bridges, which means that at least some of the openings lead to the breakthroughs Seal 35 to 37. The cross section shown in FIG also shows one of the radially extending ribs 44 which

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connecting successive annular extensions 42 and 43 and at the same time represent the cohesion with the middle piece 45 and the outer ring 46, which can serve as a seal. The flow regulating piece 34 fits over the upstanding one Middle section 50a of the transverse wall

A filter grid 47 is arranged above the flow regulating piece 34, which removes any particles carried along by the water ■ κ filters out the breakthroughs in the ^ uei'tvcuid and in pt would clog the mixing element · The filter grille 47 can also can be omitted. Instead, the parts that lie between the annular lugs 42 and 43 (see FIG. 2B) can pass through a plurality of closely spaced annular gaps 42a can be divided, the radial distance between which can be so small that that they can collect deposits and other particles, which practically acts like a filter grid.

As in the exemplary embodiments described above, the current regulating piece 34 can either be in the manner shown in FIG. position shown or vice versa. In the opposite position, the lugs 42 and 43 cannot seal the spaces between the bridges 39, 40 and 41. Furthermore the spacer 48 of the outer ring 46 is lower than its further spacer 49 »which leads to the fact that in the case of the reversed position of the flow regulating piece 34, the gaps between bridges 39, 40 and 41 remain free, so that an increase in the passage of water through the openings

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35 to 37 results. In addition, the current regulation piece can also be removed entirely, resulting in the strongest water penetration leads.

In Fig. 3, there is partially shown the cross-section of a one-piece plastic aerator such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,370,964. The flow regulating piece 52 here has downwardly projecting annular projections 53 and 54. The projection 53 fits into the annular intermediate space S5 and thus covers one entrance to the passage 56. The on set M 54 together with the one side of the neck 53% covers the entrances to the opening 57 completely. Water jets can therefore only emerge from the openings 58 and 56, but the water jet emerging from the opening 56 is weakened. If, on the other hand, the flow regulating piece is in the opposite position, none of the openings 56, 57 and 58 is completely covered, so that in this case there is a greater passage of water and a corresponding decrease in the dynamic pressure. Nevertheless, even in the opposite position of the flow regulating piece 2, a certain "reduction in the penetration of water is achieved, since the water then still has to pass through the relatively small openings 59 in the flow regulating piece 52". If the flow regulating piece 52 is removed, however an even stronger water passage with a corresponding reduction in back pressure.

In the embodiment shown in FIG

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the flow regulation piece 60 has a central axis 61, which with its lower end into the transverse wall 6? is screwed in. The flow regulating piece 60 has a plurality of openings 66 which allow the passage of a certain amount of water to the inner rows of openings 63 and 64. The outer rows of openings are only partially covered by the current regulating piece 60. If the flow regulating piece is in the position shown, there is a high degree of ventilation with a relatively high dynamic pressure. On the other hand, if the flow regulating piece 60 is removed, the back pressure is reduced considerably. 4A shows a flow regulating piece which can be used in connection with a transverse wall 62 according to directed upstream, as shown in FIG. 4A, only a reduced water flow through the openings 63 to 65 can result. If, however, the Stromregulierungestück used in an inverted position P 70 to 68 fits in the hub formed by the annular di · \ bridge · 69 cylinder, thus di · · inner lined is covered by perforations 64 partially. The flow regulation piece is centered with respect to the transverse wall 62 by means of three or more outwardly projecting arms 71.

The current regulating piece 70 need not only be used for this to replace the StromregulierungsetUck 60 according to FIG. The current regulation piece 70 can also be connected to the current »

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Regullerungsstück 60 are placed around the openings in to cover the flow regulating piece 60 »This combination is best used when there is a high degree of ventilation is desired when the water pressure is particularly low or the water consumption is greatly reduced.

FIG. 4B shows a further current regulating piece 72 which can be used instead of the current regulating piece 60 according to FIG. 4. The inner opening fits in the ^ j by the bridge 69 defined cylinder, wherein it covers the inner d number of breakthroughs 64 in part. The inner wall 74 is dimensioned so that it fits over the bridge 74a according to FIG lowest water penetration and the highest back pressure,

In Fig. 5, a ventilation unit is shown, which for this purpose is provided in a housing such as the housing according to Flg. 1 to be used. The version 75t the that Miichgitter 76 carries, is with the Hing 77 by means of Hippen 78 and 79, which are integrally formed together, the latter being connected to the outer ring 80. The Member is connected to the King 77 by webs 82. Markings are provided on the constriction 84 to indicate a two-piece Stamp with which the unit is made from below

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• to let go in and out again along the lower part the unit, with the ribs 78 and 79 τοη the upper stamped are formed. This makes it possible to make the entire unit in one piece, with the exception of the grille 76 and the upper removable perforated transverse wall 85

In the illustrated position of the transverse wall 85, the inner row is from Broken 86 visually blocked. However, when the bulkhead is 85 in reversed position is used, these breakthroughs are both also the sweet row τοη breakthroughs 87 open, which results in a reduction in the dynamic pressure.

Claims BAD OKIGiNAt.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Device for ventilation of water flowing under pressure * in which a jet generating means is provided in a housing suitable for connection to a faucet, free access of the outside air into the space below the jet generating means and below this a sieve element for dividing and mixing air and water are, characterized in that it contains an optionally applicable Stromregulierungs- ^ piece, which makes some openings of the beam generating means _Λ completely or partially impermeable and thereby the ke- n some
the speed of the rays hitting the Sieborgari increased. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Beam generating means consist of two perforated transverse walls arranged one above the other. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the Beam generating means consists of a single transverse wall with winding passage openings. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized the beam reguii »mn? setücK characterized thatTTn can be used in two positions in which it is flowed through in the opposite direction of the flow, 109848/0360 SAD ORIGINAL T / 08611 wherein it covers the openings in the jet generating means more in one position than in the other position. 5 »Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the current regulating piece consists of a round disc which is held by a support ring with an upper and lower support surface, the disc with its one side with at least one protruding approach against the upper boundary surface of the beam generation W by means abuts when the flow-regulating piece having a P rests its supporting surfaces on the beam generating means to block at least some of the apertures in the beam generation means, the flow-regulating piece whereas in its inverted position, the openings of the jet · erzeugungsmittela substantially uncovered läßtt 6. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower of the two transverse walls at least partially a concave one Fe part contains, the openings of which divergent water jets flow, the Stroaregulierungsstück in its one position covers the peripheral row of openings in the upper transverse wall. 7 · Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the upstream side of the bulkhead contains openings on the sides of bridges leading to the breakthroughs in the Lead transverse wall, with the StromregulierungsstUck on his 109848/0360 one side carries annular lugs which enter the annular spaces between successive bridges protrude and cover at least some of the openings on the sides of the bridges " 8. The device according to claim 3 »characterized in that the upstream side of the transverse wall has a plurality of spaced-apart bridges which lie above rows of openings in the transverse wall M and openings to the openings in the transverse wall A. with the flow regulating piece as a substantially flat disc on the upstream surface the transverse wall rests on it and thus at least some of the openings in it are blocked. 9 * Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the flow regulation piece has a central axis perpendicular to the plane of the flow regulation piece, which can be screwed into the transverse wall. 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the flow regulating piece is provided with a plurality of openings. 11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the current regulating piece has an auxiliary washer which at least some of the openings in 109848/0360 because «StroaureguliorungaatUok covers. 12 · Device according to one of the preceding claims, thereby marked that the beam generating means an unperforated Kreia-shaped part contains, daa with an annular shell Iatiuai daswlachen connected via a plurality of τοη webs to create a reduced space in between, whereby daa StremregulierungeatUck a plurality of breakthroughs and · * means two holding in one or the opposite position w bealtztf and directly above the krelaft-shaped Part ·, and there the mentioned support means in one position dea ftromregalieruagaatUeka some of the breakthroughs block the Kreia-shaped part, but in the! «swept Location dioee OeirehbrUehe uncovered. 13 · Vorrichtaag according to Aasyruoh 5, characterized in that dae StromrefftillervBgaetttekcauf aeiaer in Stroarichtuag lying above Side carries a filter grille. ^ k. Torriehtmag aaeh Anaprveh J, dadereh known that the currentregttlieruBgastQok wears conseatrical complaint, which are formed by radially eratreekende ribs EneaaaBeBe, but which are ala fiter-acting slides. BATH 109848/0360 Blank page