DE1692012A1 - laundry detergent - Google Patents

Description

"Detergents" object of the invention is a detergent, which is characterized by a high washing and cleaning power at low and high use temperature, a readily biodegradable and low foaming power over the entire temperature range. This means is gelonnzeichnet by a content of (in Crew .-%) i- " 4 3 - 25% of at least one high-foaming washing raw material " from the class of the n-alkylbenzenesulfonates ,. n-alkane sulfonates, n-olefin sulfonates and soaps in which the " Alkyl chains contain 10 to 18 carbon atoms, 0.5 - 10% of at least one low-foaming detergent raw material from the class of polyethylene glycol ether derivatives of fatty alcohols, fatty acids and alkylphenols, the 2 to 20 glycol ether groups and 10 to 20 carbon atoms contained in the hydrocarbon residue, as well as the " water soluble, 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups . and containing 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups Polyethylene oxide adducts: on Polypropyletigl ycol, 1 (ethylene- . diaminopolypr, opylen-lycol and alkylpolypropyl "englycol rrlit 1 to 10 carbon atoms = in the alkyl chain, 0.2 - 8.% of at least one foam suppressant from the class of fatty acids or their alkali soaps with 20 - 24 F CARBON atoms or triazine derivatives obtainable by reacting 1 mole of cyanuric chloride with 2 to 3 Moles of an alkylamine with 4 to 20 carbon atoms, 10 - 50% - at least one condensed phosphate from the class _, the alkali diphosphates and alkali triphosphates, 0.1 "- 20% of at least one complexing solvent from the class of the alkali salts of amnopolycarboxylic acids, aminopoly- phosphonic acids and hydroxyalkanephosphonic acids, 10 '- 35% sodium perborate tetrahydrate, 0.01-5 % of an enzyme, 0.05-1% of at least one optical brightening agent from the Class of diaminostilbene disulfonic acid derivatives and of the diarylpyrazoline derivatives, 0; 1- - 30 % of at least one inorganic salt from the class of carbonates, carbonates, silicates, borates, sulfates and chlorides of alkali metals. The n-alkylbenzenesulphonates, alkanesulphonates and olefin sulphonates are present in the form of their alkali or ammonium salts, the ammonium salts also including the salts of lower molecular weight alkyl or hydroxyl amines. Alkyl #) etizolzes to be used with preference are those alkyl radicals with an average length of 12 carbon atoms. Alkanesulfonates under comparison are compounds with a medium or terminal Bultonstgruppe; understood by: may be obtained 3ulfochlorierung or sulfoxidation of Paraffinkohlenwaaserstoffen and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization or by Blsulfitadd'ition to fllefine. From the. Are series of olefin sulfonates preferably those used, the olefins by the sulfonation of linear mono- having a terminal or internal double bond by means of gaseous S03 and subsequent acidic or alkaline hydrolysis of the Sulfonierungaprodukte is. Come as soaps . Alkaline or ammonium salts of straight-chain fatty acids of natural or synthetic origin are in question: Examples are the sodium, nalumine or triethanolamine acids derived from coconut, palm kernel and tallow fatty acids. - The nonionic Pclyglycolätherderivate are due to the addition of ethylene oxide. with primary alcohols, fatty acids and alkylphenols, as well as polypropylene and Polypropylenglycolderivate ER hältlich. The @ Pettalkohole and fatty acids contain preferably 8 to $ 1 carbon atoms and may be natural or synthetisehen origin jump. The Al, kviphenols are preferably straight-chain. Al kyl groups with δ to 12 carbon atoms . Polyglycol ether derivatives of : fatty alcohols and alkylphenols in which the number of ethylene glycol ether sips is 5 to 15 are particularly suitable. The foaming power of the detergents can be reduced even further by adding 3 to 15 mol of propylene oxide to the latter polyethylene glycol ethers or by converting them into acetals.

In the egg production of the water-soluble reaction products of ethylene oxide with propylene glycols or polypropylene glycol derivatives, one starts with polypropylene glycols or of polypropylene oxide adducts with aliphatic alcohols with 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms or from polypropylene oxide adducts to xthylenediamine, in which the number of propylene glycol groups is 10 to 100. For conversion into water-soluble They are ethoxylated surface-active compounds, such products being of Of particular interest are those in which 1 to 5 ethylene oxide units per propylene glycol unit omitted.

The fatty acids or fatty acid salts to be used as foam suppressants are preferably saturated. The foam-suppressing effect can be increased if wholly or partially replaced by the fatty acids mentioned Triaznderivate obtained by reacting 1 mol of Cyanurehlorid with 2 to 3 moles of a 4 - containing 20 carbon atoms; straight chain, branched or Cyclic primary amine are available .

Such foam suppressants are mixtures of compounds with the following formula: in which the radicals R3 to RS can be identical or different and represent straight-chain, branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals with up to 20 carbon atoms.

The condensed phosphates can be in the form of their neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts . Examples are Na4P207, Na 2HJ207, Na 5P3010 and the corresponding Katlutr @ salts.

Examples of complexing agents are sodium or potassium salts of aminotriacetic acid, dthylenediaminotetraacetic acid; Diethylenetraminopentaacetic acid, Triethylehtetraffinohexaesrtgsäure and its higher homologues, Äthylendiatninohydroxyäthantriessgsäure; Amit3otri- (wtethylenphosphonsäurp), Äth 'leindiamiriötra- (methylenephodphonic acid) »1 = H: hydroxyetharic = 1,1-diphosphonic acid as well as the higher homologues of the polyphosphonic acids mentioned.

Possible enzymes are those of animal and vegetable origin, in particular active ingredients obtained from digestive enzymes, yeasts and bacterial strains. They usually represent a complex mixture of different enzymatic active ingredients. Depending on their effect, they are referred to as proteases, carbohydrases, esterases, lipases, oxidoreductases, catalases, peroxidases, ureases, isomerases, lyases, transferases, desmolases or blucleases. The enzymatic active ingredients obtained from bacterial strains or fungi, such as Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces griseus, are of particular interest. Other useful enzymes are pepsin, pacreatin, trypsin, papain, and diastase. The enzyme preparations obtained from Bacillus subtilis, however, have the advantage over the latter enzymes that they are relatively resistant to alkali, per-compounds and anionic washing active substances and are not significantly inactivated even at temperatures between 45o and 700 C: their relatively high resistance to oxidizing agents is possibly based on the low content of free sulfhydryl groups. The enzymes are adjusted to a certain degree of activity by the manufacturers, if necessary with the addition of diluents such as sodium sulfate, sodium chlorine, alkali phosphates or alkali polyphosphates. The usual values are LVE / g (Löhlein-Volhard units per gram), IE (international units) and DF / g (Delft units per gram). Because of the relatively simple analytical method, the activity is often given in LVU / g. The enzyme activity in the detergents according to the invention should be 300-5000, preferably 200-2000 LVU / g. You also judge by these values. the amount of enzymes to be used in the detergents. In addition to good soil release effect, especially for fat and protein-containing impurities, at temperatures between 20 0 and 70 ° C the enzymes also cause activation of the per-compounds contained .in the detergents, so dasss dr # i # s bleaching: already -lirkung at Temperatures below (.G @ C is used. Examples of optical brighteners from the class D-iamnostilbeneulfonic acid derivatives are compounds according to the following formula X and Y: zH N%, NH-CH 3, NH-C "2-CH20H, CH3 = N-CH2 = -CH20H, N (CH2-CH20H) 2, morpholino, dimethylmorpholino, NH-C6" 5, NH- C6H-803H ', OCHS, C1, where X and Y are the same. or may be unequal.

Further optical brighteners may be present on the type of diarylpyrazolines according to the following formula: In this formula mean it is a hydrogen atom, - an alkyl radical or aryl radical, which may be substituted. can, -. Ar + Art . Aryl radicals, such as phenyl, diphenyl or naphthyl, -die . can carry further substitutes, such as hydroxy, Alkoxy-, hydroxyalkyl- "ino-, alkylamino-, acyl- *, ino-, carboxyl, sulfonic acid and sulfunamide groups or Haloge @ i3LonP . 1,3-Diarylpyrazolines in which R represents a hydrogen atom are preferably used.

The detergents also contain inorganic salts, in particular carbonates; Bicarbonates, silicates and sulfates of alkali metals. The amount of alkaline compounds should be such that the pH of a usable detergent solution is between 7 and 11, preferably between 8 and 10.

In addition to the above-mentioned mixture constituents , the detergents can also contain known build-up substances, such as soil-dispersing agents, in particular sodium oellulose glycolate, magnesium silicate, dyes and fragrances, skin protection substances. germicides and optical brighteners from the class of phenyl-substituted aminocoumarins.

In a minor amount also other anionic Wasehaktivsubdtanzen may be present, such as primary or secondary alkyl sulphates, Fettsäurealkanolamidsulfate, sulfated Alkylpolyglycoläther or Alkylphenolpolyglycoläther, Fettsäureisäthiondte, Fettsäuretaurde and salts of oC-3ulforettsäureestern.-A mix components come auehrnoch nonionic detergent active substances of the type of ethoxylated thioalcohols and Thiophenolej the ethoxylated fatty acid alkanolamides, fatty acid sugar esters and amine oxides as well as their ethoxyation products in question. Furthermore , ampholytic surface-active substances such as betaines, sulfobetaines, sulfate betaines and phosphate betaines can be present in detergents in minor amounts. The detergents mentioned are produced in a known manner, for example by spraying liquid concentrates at elevated temperature. The substances that are sensitive to high drying temperatures, in particular perborates and enzymes, are added to the spray-dried powders afterwards. To achieve an intimate connection between the spray-dried and the dry-mixed powder particles, it can be useful to mix the powder with an aqueous solution of crystallizing salts or one of the aforementioned non-ionic powder-active substances of the polyglycol ether type during the mixing process or afterwards to spray. This treatment also reduces the tendency of the powder to form dust.

The detergents according to the invention are distinguished by their high cleaning power in cold and moderately warm water. They can also be used with advantage as cooking detergents, the enzyme being fully effective during the heating of the washing liquor. Due to the low tendency to foam in the entire Tenipera.tur range between 20 and 100 ° C, it is particularly suitable for washing in fully automatic drum washing machines. Detergent compositions with a pH value in aqueous solution of 9-11 are preferred for washing textiles made of cellulose fibers. To wash sensitive fabrics, in particular those made of wool, silk, or semi-synthetic or fully synthetic fibers, detergents with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction are used. Example 1 e The composition of the detergents is shown in the table below.

In the foaming agents is the environmental, $ etzungsprodukt of 1 mole of cyanuric chloride with 2, '7 moles of a primary n-Alkylamn mixture of chain length C8 - C18.

. The optical brightener was a mixture of 2 parts of a standing Diaminoxtilbeneulfonsäurederivates upstream of the formula in which X is NH-C05 radicals. and Y represent morpholino radicals , with 1 part of a diarylpyrazoline compound according to the above formula, in which Ar represents a p-sulfonamidopheryl radical and Ar 'represents a phenyl radical. The abbreviation a0 loading points Äthylenglycoläthergruppe.

The sulfonates, soaps, polyglycol ether derivatives , phosphates, complexing agents, optical autoclaves, silicates, the cellulose glycolate and the sodium sulfate were present as a spray-dried mixture. Foam suppressant, sodium perborate, enzyme and fragrances were subsequently added to the spray powder . The enzyme (.. Alkalase 0. Fa Novo-Induatri, Copenha- gen or Maxatase 0 Fa Koninklijke Gist Nederländsche en Spiritusfabriek HV Delft) was in Examples 1-3 on an active ingredient content of 14o.ooo LVU / g, in the Examples 4 - 7 were set to a value of loo, ooo LVE / g . In a fully automatic washing machine with a horizontally mounted drum, laundry soiled with street dirt, blood, rice starch and red wine was washed at temperatures between 550 S (colored laundry, textiles made from semi and fully synthetic fibers) and 980 C (bed, table and body linen) In the latter case, the wash liquor was heated to 550 G for 2 minutes. The concentration of the detergent was 5 g / 1, the ratio of laundry weight to liquor weight 1 s 10 and the water hardness 150 dH. The suds did not foam over. After being spun off, the laundry was found to be free of stains.

A similarly good washing result was obtained 'if 24 hours at 25 0 C in the wash liquor äeI'assen and then rinsed or if they have nude and then briefly at 2100 C in eirfgewecht: heated' and rinsed w.urder: - -. .

Claims (1)

F at e ntan s, p rü che 1) Low-foaming detergents "characterized by a content of: 3 - 25;, at least one high-foaming washing raw material. the class of n-alkylbenzenesulfonates, n-alkanesulfonates, n-olefin sulfonates and soaps, in which the alkyl chains Contain 10 to 1 $ C atoms, 0.5-10% of at least one low-foaming washing raw material from the class of Polyäthylenglycolä.therderivate of Fatty alcohols, fatty acids and alkylphenols, the 2 -up to 20 glycol ether groups and 10 to 20 carbon atoms in the Contain hydrocarbon residues, as well as the water-cis- borrowed, 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and 10 to 100 polyethylene containing propylene glycol oxide adducts with polypropylene glycol, ethylene diamino poly- # propylene glycol and'Alkylpolypropyleneglycol with 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, 0.2 - 8% of at least one foam suppressant from the class of fatty acids or their alkali soaps. with 20 - 24 C '= atoms greedy triazine derivatives, available. by Dissolution of 1 N: ol cyanuric chlorine ad with 2 - 3 l! Tol of one r @ l: ylamins finite 4 - 20 carbon atoms, 10 - 50 at least one condensed phosphate from the class . of alkali metal diphosphates and alkali metal triphosphates, 0.1-20; '..-' at least one complexing agent from the class <fier alkali salts of Aminoaolyeax-liona "uren, aminopoly- c @ tiosl)! ionaäureri and: 3ydr # -Txyalltcrilr) hosphoriäs @ uren, 10-35% sodium perborate tetrahydrate 0.01 - 5% of an enzyme, 0.05-1% of at least one optical brightening agent from the Class of diaminostilbene disulfonic acid derivatives and the diarylpyrazoline derivatives, 0.1 __-_ 30% of at least one inorganic salt from the class of carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates, borates, and sulfates Alkali metal chlorides. 2) Agent according to claim 1, characterized by a content of enzymes obtained from bacterial strains or fungi. 3) Agent according to claim 1 and 2, characterized by a content of sodium cellulose glycolate.