DE1628382A1 - External rotary piston machine with internal compression - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys Dipl ..- lag.E.Jourdan, Dipl.-Ing.W.Beyer, Frankfurt / M

Svenska Rotor Maskiner
Aktiebolag

Nacka / Sweden

Paten tan m e Id u η g

Priority of British patent application Mon. 43 204/65

Rome October 12, 1965

External rotary piston machine with internal compression

The invention relates to an external rotary piston machine with internal compression, of which two intersect Holes in existing working chamber on the shell side in part is limited by an axially movable valve body, through which the performance of the machine can be changed. A machine of this type acting as a compressor is, for example in the earlier German patent application S 96 056 Ic / 27c from 19.3'1965 shown and described.

There is a particular problem with such machines in the setting of the valve body or several such Valve body. In the case of the earlier patent application S 96 056 The machine described here is the arrangement of a lock nut of the recirculating ball type in the valve body has been proposed with a screw spindle which is adjustable in angle within the machine housing, but axially immovable is stored. Such an arrangement works satisfactorily, but it is complex and expensive, and furthermore, the screw spindle necessarily extends through different walls between different rooms within

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the machine, causing sealing difficulties. In addition, difficulties in adjusting the valve body can arise when the pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side is large, for example with compressors for chillers, where the pressure difference can rise to over 15 kg / cm.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the previously proposed To eliminate arrangement, which happens according to the invention that the valve body with a servo motor is connected, which can be actuated by a hydraulic fluid already present in the machine for other purposes is, and that a valve device for controlling the servo-Motqrs is provided. For rotary lobe compressors with coolant injection it is particularly expedient to use the coolant as a pressure medium for actuating the servo motor to use; However, in other embodiments of the Mäschinenärt mentioned, also the lubricating oil for the Rotor bearings, the operating medium itself or the coolant for the machine housing and / or the rotors as a function the respective circumstances.

The invention is explained below with reference to a compressor based on the embodiment of the earlier application S 96 056 explained in more detail with hydraulic fluid injection into the working chamber through channels within the valve body. In the attached drawing show:

Pig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the en according to the invention Compressor according to line 1 - 1 in Pig. 2,

Pig. 2 shows a cross section along line 2 - 2 in FIG. 1,

Pig. 3 shows the basic circuit diagram of a cooling system with a compressor after Pig. 1 and 2,

BAD ORIG'NAL

Pig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the low-pressure side End of a compressor according to Pig. 1 with a Another embodiment of the servomotor, in which the valve device is located directly on the Servo motor is arranged,

Pig. 5 shows the basic circuit diagram of a cooling system with the Compressor according to PIg. 4th

The three-piston compressor 10 shown in the drawing , has a with a low pressure end plate 22 and a high Druckendplatte 23 closed housing 20, which has a working chamber 24 in Perm of two intersecting equal sizes enclosing cylindrical bores with parallel axes lying in the same horizontal plane. In the Low pressure end plate 22 is a NTeder pressure channel 26, the one with the working chamber 24 via one in the contact plane between the low pressure end plate 22 and the housing lying low pressure passage 2.8 is connected. Furthermore is a high pressure channel 30 is provided in the high pressure end plate 23, with the working chamber 24 via an axially directed High pressure passage 32 is in communication.

In the working chamber 24 there are two cooperating Rotors, namely a male rotor 34 and a female rotor Rotor 36, the axes of which are coaxial with the bore axes of the Housing 20 are. The male rotor 34 carries four helical ones Combs 38 with intervening grooves 40 which extend over a wrap angle of approximately 300 °. The combs 38 have planks, the larger sections of which are convex and outside of the pitch circle 42 of the male rotor. The female rotor 36 carries six helical ridges 44 with intervening Grooves 46, which extend over a wrap angle of approximately Extend 200 °. The Uuten 46 have essentially the

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Cross-sectional shape of a segment of a circle and are of ridge flanks "limited, the larger sections of which are concave." and lie within pitch circle 48 of the female rotor.

The rotors 34 and 36 are in the low pressure end plate 22 by means of slide bearings 54 and in the high-pressure end plate 23 mounted radially by means of slide bearings 56 and axially by means of tapered shoulder bearings 58 arranged in pairs. The male rotor 34 carries a through the high pressure end plate 23 to the outside extending stub shaft 60 for drive connection with a drive motor (not shown). .

The main part of the low pressure passage 28 rests on the one side of the plane containing the rotor and housing bore axes, and the axially directed high pressure passage is completely on the other side of this plane '.

The jacket wall 62 of the working chamber 24 is with one to High-pressure passage 32 is provided with recess 64 open to it, which extends axially from the high pressure end plate 23 to the low pressure end plate 22 extends out. The recess 64 and the jacket wall of the working chamber 24 intersect each other in a straight line Edges 66,68 which are parallel to the bore axes and symmetrical in relation to the intersection line lie between the holes. The cylindrical shell wall the recess 64 runs out into the high pressure channel 30.

A detachable housing part 70, which adjoins the recess 64 in a sealing manner, and one of the working chambers 24 has a corresponding cross-section is within the recess 64 arranged following the low-pressure end plate 22 and connected to the main part of the housing 20 feat.

The recess 64 protrudes with the low pressure channel 26 an axial channel within the housing part 70 and over Openings 76, 78 in the jacket wall 80 of the recess as well as through channels 82 and 64 in the housing 20 in connection.

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An axially displaceable within the recess 64, Valve body 86 has a cylindrical wall 88 which cooperates in a sealing manner with the jacket wall 80 of the recess 64 and otherwise has a cross section which corresponds to the bores of the working chamber 64 at that portion of the, Valve corresponds to the outside of the recess extends.

The gap between the housing part 70 and the valve body thus forms a tap opening 94 which communicates with the Low pressure channel 26 is in communication, while the between the push-up end plate 23 and the front end of the valve body 86 lying section of the recess 84 a radially directed Forms high pressure passage which is in communication with the high pressure channel 30.

With the valve body 86 is a piston 100 via a tubular Piston rod 98 rigidly connected through the Piston extends therethrough. The piston 100 is axially adjustable and sealingly inserted into a cylinder 102 which is firmly attached connected to the low pressure end plate 22 and is coaxial with the axis of the recess 64. At one end is the cylinder 102 is directly connected to the low-pressure duct 26, while the other end of the cylinder is closed by a cover 104 which has a passage 106. for supplying hydraulic fluid. The end of the tubular piston rod 89 protruding into the valve body 86 is closed by a plug 108 and the piston rod is also provided with hadial bores 100 for introduction of liquid to an annulus 112 within the Valve body 86 is provided, from which the liquid through channels. 114 is injected into the working chamber 24.

The valve body 86 contains an axially extending one on the shell side Guide groove 132,>: which .within a to the low-pressure channel

Ig 7640 / 11.10.1966 .-

26 extending approach 133 on valve body 86 continues and opens at its end to the low-pressure channel 26. A fixed to the housing 20 engages in this guide groove 132 Slide block 134, which is eccentrically and rotatably mounted on an adjusting bolt 140, which is adjustable in angle inserted into a bore 136 in the housing 20 and through a Slift 138 is fixed. Before setting the adjusting bolt 140 through the pin 138 the bolt is adjusted at an angle in such a way that that the valve body 186 assumes a position under the action of the eccentrically mounted sliding block 134, in which the upper edge of the valve body 86 is aligned with the upper edge of the housing part 70, so that it is ensured that the rotors 34,36 during their rotation> -not with the Valve body 86 come into contact. When this position is reached, half is in the housing 20 and half a hole is drilled in the adjusting bolt 140, into which the pin is then inserted. Then the bore 186 is through a Screw cap 142 closed.

In Fig. 3, a cooling system containing the compressor 10 is shown schematically and incompletely. That in the compressor Compressed working medium is fed to an oil separator 12, from which the separated oil is driven by means of a separately and a pump provided with a pressure relief valve 15 via an adjustable throttle valve 16 to the passage 106 in the Cylinder 102 is promoted. In addition, the oil is fed to the slide bearings 54 and 56 and the ball bearings 58 through lines 17 or 19 supplied. The throttle valve 16 is a function of the pressure or the temperature within an evaporator 18 operable. '

The compressor 10 operates within the system of FIG. 3 as follows !

When the compressor 10 is started, the pump 14 is also switched on, wherein the throttle valve is initially open, so that

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Oil enters the cylinder 102 under high pressure. The piston is thereby pressed in the direction of the compressor 10, so that the valve body 86 is moved into a position in which the tap opening 94 has its greatest width. way are the compression work and also the necessary starting torque for the drive motor of the compressor reduced to a minimum. During this period, oil is in " the working chamber 24 is injected through the channels 114, so that the planks of the rotors are lubricated. The drive motor is then started and runs up to his normal working speed. When this is reached, the throttle valve 16 is actuated in such a way that the pressure in the cylinder falls and the piston 100 is displaced in the direction away from the compressor 10 'until the valve body 86 the tap opening 94 has closed completely. The compressor 10 is now working in a manner known per se.

If the temperature and thus the pressure in the evaporator 18. fall below a predetermined fourth, the throttle valve will 16 is automatically actuated in such a way that the pressure in the cylinder 102 increases and the valve body 86, the tap opening 94 to a suitable size Opens, whereupon: the throttle valve 16 in such a way is actuated that the acting on the valve body 86 Axial forces balance each other and the valve body in one is held in a suitable position. If so then the temperature and the pressure in the evaporator rise above a predetermined value, the throttle valve 16 is closed further, so that the valve body 86 correspondingly the size of the Tap opening 94 reduced and possibly the tap opening completely closed. "■■■ -. ■

The compressor in the Pig design. 1 and 2 can for example also in an air pressure system with basically the same positioning arrangement as in Pig. 5 can be used.

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The only difference then is that the throttle valve 16, instead of depending on the pressure or. ' the temperature in the evaporator 18 supplied with working medium by the compressor 10 is adjusted, is controlled as a function of the pressure in the compressed air collecting container in which the compressed air is conveyed by the compressor 10 . '"""' ■■ '"' - ■ - ■.

Like from Pig. 3 shows the pressure in the oil separator 12 practically the same as the discharge pressure of the compressor 10, so that all that is required for the pump 14 is the Increase the oil pressure by a small amount to achieve a sufficient To obtain positive pressure to move the piston 100 and the valve body 86. The pump pressure is because of this not greater than the pressure required to inject a desired amount of oil in the working chamber 24 of the compressor 10 is required.

In Pig. 4 is the left end of a compressor similar to that in Pig. T shown with the compressor, however a modified servo motor for adjusting the (in Pig. not shown): has axially adjustable valve body 86.

According to Pig. 4 is the lid 104 of the servo motor cylinder provided with an axial tubular extension 200, which extends centrally into the cylinder 102. In this pall has

the servomotor piston 10 has a central opening with which it slidable and sealing on the outside of the tubular Neck 200 sits. The piston rod is: stepped and has a thicker diameter portion 98; A and a thinner part at $ 98. The thicker part 98iA encloses one cylindrical chamber 202, which is a tubular slide valve 204 receives, which carries two valve collars .und 208 between its ends, one with the inside of the valve element

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Bounding the annular space 210 connected via an opening 212. The spaces axially outside of the valve collars 206 and 208 are in connection with the low-pressure channel 26 via openings 211 or respectively. _;

In the wall of the cylindrical chamber 202 is located a radial opening 214 which communicates with the working chamber 216 of the ' Servomotor is connected via a channel 218. The ends of the valve element 204 are slidable and sealing received in the cover attachment 200 or the thinner piston rod part. At the left end of the valve element 204 begins perforated tube 220 made of non-magnetic Material that extends through the cover 104 to the outside extends and at its free end an armature222 made of magnetic Material that is attached to the outside of the Cover 104 attached and at its outer end by a Cap 226 closed tube 224, made of non-magnetic Material is recorded. The tube 224 contains a connection opening 228 for connecting a pressure fluid line.

The armature 222 is preferably cylindrical and is provided on its periphery with a number of axial grooves and a central passage. The grooves and the passage allow the armature to move freely within the tube 224, since this ensures the same fluid pressure on both sides of the armature 222. However, this circumstance can i be achieved by other means, such as by grooves or channels in the wall of the tube 224th

The tube 224 carries a set of electromagnets axially one behind the other 230, which are individually connected to a control device 232 via line 234. This control device may be somehow appropriately designed, provided they nur.die electromagnets 230 independently of one another and in Ability to control dependence on pressure signals, which by a Line 236 of the control device 234 are fed.

14 7640 / 11.10.1966 9098Ö37 1 oil

The servo motor arrangement shown in Fig. 4 operates as follows:

In the position shown in FIG. 4, the valve rim closes 208 the radial opening 214. Hydraulic fluid such as cooling and lubricating oil introduced through the connection opening passes into the interior of the perforated pipe and flows through the tubular valve element 204 and the thinner piston rod portion 98B to the oil injection ports (see Fig. T). The liquid pressure present at the connection opening 228 prevails along the entire flow path of the liquid and thus also within the pipe 224. As a result, the valve element 204 is not pressure different is subjected to the resulting axial forces and is at least theoretically maintained in its respective position, even then, when the electromagnet overlapping with the magnetic armature 222 is not constantly excited. .

If a through line 236 of the control device 232 supplied signal requests a greater performance of the compressor, the control device energizes the on the left side of the next electromagnet 230, which is located with the armature 222, what has the consequence that the armature 222 is shifted to the left by an amount that corresponds to the width of an electromagnet, so that the radial opening 214 from the valve collar 208 is released and in connection with the low pressure end of the compressor 10 arrives. As has already been explained in connection with Fig. .1, the right end face of the is axial displaceable valve body 86 the pressure on the high pressure side of the compressor and this pressure now moves the servomotor piston 10 to the left, while oil from the Working chamber 216 via channel 218 and the radial opening ais flows until the radial opening 214 is covered again by the valve collar 218 as a result of the piston movement to the left. On it-Mn ends the piston movement in a new position, the

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a smaller width of the tap opening 94- (see Fig. 1) and a higher performance of the compressor corresponds to

If a lower performance of the compressor is required, the armature 222 is adjusted in uiagek honors direction, whereby the working chamber 216 via the channel 218, the radial opening 214, the annular space 210, the radial opening 212 and the interior of the valve body 204- under the pressure on the High pressure side of the Kompreersors outstanding pressure of the injection fluid is set and thereby the piston 100 is displaced to the right, until the valve collar 208 closes the radial opening 214 again.

Fig. 5 shows a cooling system which is essentially deml} .n FIG. 3 is similar to that shown in FIG. 3, but includes a compressor according to FIG. In addition, the vaporizer 18 contains a pipe coil 238, which switched into a circulation circuit for a lye is made known by a system of radiators in Way circulates. In the illustrated embodiment, the lye circulation system has a lye temperature, ur Thermostat 240 responding immediately before entering the coil 238, but it is just as well connected to another Place of the system can be arranged. A timer intermittently connects the thermostat 240 to the Controller 232. The time interval between such Connections and the duration of the connection itself can be empirical determined as a function of the responsiveness of the cooling system and the adjustment speed of the servomotor piston 100 will. .

The thermostat 242 can be of the type in which so as long as no signal is given as to how a desired setpoint temperature is maintained, in the event of deviations from the Set temperature, however, signals to restore the Setpoint are given. Such a signal will

temporarily via the timer 242 of the control device fed, so that this is also temporarily an. suitably arranged electromagnet excited and the armature 222 is adjusted by one step in the required direction. The next time the timer closes, it can the temperature has already been restored and no further signal is given by the thermostat 240. It can However, it also happens that the desired temperature is still there is not reached again, in which case then the magnet armature 222 is adjusted by a further step in the same direction. On the other hand, if between two visual closure states of the timer 242 the temperature from one side of the If the setpoint changes towards the other side, the magnet armature becomes 222 at the second. Closing the timer in reverse -, -. reversed direction; adjusted,

It is clear that the adjustment of the armature 222 can also be achieved by just a single electromagnet or a single permanent magnet, which is moved along the tube 224 by automatically operating means or by hand. Even when using a large number of electromagnets according to Mg. 4 it is possible to provide switching means that can only be operated by hand. The control device 232 is preferably provided with manually operated means by which the thermostatic control can be overridden in order to enable the compressor to be set to the lowest possible power when the drive machine is started, as in connection with Pig. 5 has already been explained. Such hand-operated means can of course also be formed by a separate switch. '"

From the above description it follows that the cooling system can be hermetically sealed (provided that the drive motor is also encapsulated). there none. Openings for movable controls or the like. must be provided, which would otherwise lead to leakage flows of working fluid out of the system lead into the atmosphere.

90 98 8 3 / IOS 1 claims /

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Claims (1)

.- 13 - Pat ent claims nj- external- axis rotary piston machine with internal compression, the working chamber of which consists of two intersecting bores is partially delimited on the jacket side by an axially displaceable valve body, through which the performance of the machine can be changed, because you do right geke η ϊι ζ calibrate η et that the yentilkörper (86) is drivingly connected to a servomotor (100,102) which can be actuated by a pressure medium already present in the machine for other purposes, and a valve device (16,204) is provided for controlling the servomotor. 2. Rotary piston machine according to claim 1, dadurchg ek en η ζ ei ch η et that the working medium of the machine is used as a pressure medium for actuating the servo motor (100,102). . - _; '.-. ■ 5. Rotary piston machine according to claim V ₉ dadurchg ek en η ze I η et that the pressure medium for actuating the servo motor (100,102) oil is used, which is derived from the lubrication system of the machine. 4. Rotary piston machine according to claim T, since d u r c h g ek e η η ζ e i c h η e t that as a pressure medium for actuation of the servomotor (100,102) a liquid is used, which is from the means (114) for the injection of cooling liquid in the working chamber (24) of the rotary piston machine (1O) Cooling system of the machine is derived. L ₃ 7640 / 11.10.1966 '' 909883/1081 5. In a closed circulation system for the working medium arranged rotary piston machine, as you can see that all movable Parts of the servomotor and the valve device in their entirety within enclosed spaces are arranged, which are connected exclusively to the circulation system to prevent leakage flows of the working medium to avoid. 6. Rotary piston machine according to claim 5, marked do not use magnetic media (222,230) for actuating the valve device. 7. Rotary piston machine according to claim 6, characterized g e k en η ζ ei c h η e t that the magnetic Means included electromagnets (230). 8. Rotary piston machine according to claim 5, characterized g e k en η ζ e i c h η e t that the valve device (204) is connected to a device (232) which to changes in the status of the working medium at a selected point in the system Parameters responds, wherein the valve device (204) is automatically adjustable in such a way that it controls the servomotor (100,102) and via this the valve body (86) of the rotary piston machine in a counteracting manner to the changes Senses obscured. 9. Rotary piston machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the servomotor has a piston (100) and a cylinder (102) which is displaceable in relation to this and the valve device contains a displaceable valve element (204) which is connected to the movable part of the servomotor (piston 100 with piston rod 98) works together and is displaceable in relation to this in such a way that L j 7640 / 11.10.1966 9OS0e | /tOl.r the 'pressure medium' flow into and out of at least one of the Working chambers (216) on both sides of the piston (100) can be controlled in such a way that each axial position of the various valve elements (204) has a certain axial position of the moving part of the servomotor is clearly assigned. 10. Rotary piston machine according to claim 9 _f dadurchg ek e η η ζ eich η et that the cylinder (102) of the servo motor is fixed and with one of an end wall (cover 104) to limit the working chamber (216) axially extending through this feed pipe (Approach 200) is provided for the pressure fluid, on the outside of which the piston (100) provided with a central opening is mounted displaceably and sealingly so that a tubular piston rod (98 A, B) attaches to the piston (100) and has a coaxial Enclosing the cylindrical chamber (202) lying towards the feed pipe (200) and containing the displaceable valve element (204), the jacket wall of which encloses at least one passage (214, 218) for connection to the working chamber. (216) of the servomotor has that the valve element (204) is tubular and between its ends is provided with two axially offset valve collars (206, 208) which seal against the outer wall of the cylindrical chamber (202) in the piston rod (98 A ) connect and connected to the interior of the tubular valve element Ring'raum (210 therebetween) include ₄ that the one of the opposite end portions of the movable Ventileiementes (204) in said feed tube (200) slidably and sealingly disposed against dessön ^f -Innenseite, while 'the other end section is guided in a corresponding manner in a bore of the piston rod (98 B), which forms an extension of the cylindrical chamber (202) and runs coaxially to this, that the end sections of the cylindrical chamber (202) connected to a low pressure chamber Lj 7640 / 11.10.1966 BAD ORIGINAL 9a9883 / 10Si are, while the interior of the sliding valve element (204) constantly under the higher pressure of a pressure medium stands that through the feed pipe (200) the interior of the sliding Valve member (204) and the piston rod bore of the rotary piston machine is supplied, and that means for. Exercise of a pretensioning force on the piston (100) in the direction of the working chamber (216) of the servomotor and from the outside the piston rod accessible means (222,230) are provided for the axial displacement of the valve member (204), whereby one of the valve collars (208) in a the passage to the working chamber (216) exposing and this either with the Low pressure space (26). Or the high pressure space (210) "connecting Position can be brought. 11. Rotary piston machine according to claim 6, characterized in that g e k e η η ■ ζ e ic η e t that the valve device is a movable one. Valve element; (204), as well as one with the Valve element mechanically connected magnet armature (222), which when the valve element is moved in a prescribed position Web is moved, a tube (224) comprising the path of the magnet armature and made of non-magnetic material magnetic means (230) for generating a along the Tube in its position adjustable magnetic field. 12. Rotary piston machine according to claim 11, d ad ur c h g ek e n.nzeichne t that the magnetic means contain at least two independently excitable electromagnets (230), the tube (224) in axially spaced areas include, "' 13. Rotary piston machine according to claim 12, d a d u r c h g e k e η n- draws η et that the electromagnet (230) to a switching I device (232) are connected, which can be changed by a "■. the condition of the working medium on an I selected position in the system indicating parameter corresponding K 7640 / 11.10.1966 009883 / 10Si ^ßÄD original Vorriciitung (thermostat 240) is controllable, whereby. the switching device (232) automatically excites an electromagnet (250) arranged at a suitable point and displaces the magnet armature (222) and the valve element in a direction counteracting such a change. ^: . L-3 7640 / 11.10.1966 / S 909881/1011 Blank page