DE1619014C - Continuous process for the finish and shrink-free finishing of textile material made from keratin fibers - Google Patents

Description

1 2

The invention relates to a continuous process is that the textile material with a 10 to 50 g

for the felt- and shrink-free finishing of given usable chlorine per kilogram of textile material contained

if textile material containing synthetic fibers tend and have a pH of 3 to 6.5

from keratin fibers using a chlorine-viscous solution of an aqueous, one or more

derivatives of isocyanuric acid and / or its water-soluble 5 chlorine derivatives of "isocyanuric acid and / or its,

lent salts. solution containing water-soluble salts and a

Treatment of keratin fibers, such as wool, 'usual' natural or synthetic, in water with the aim of giving them the properties of the felt and swellable and towards the chlorine-containing reagent

To make it non-shrinking consists of a chemically inert, easily rinsable thickening

Change in their surface condition, be it evenly enveloped by io medium and that treated in this way

Change in the orientation of the superficial textile material after reaction with the cyanogen chloride

Molecular layers of the scales, be it through acidic derivatives in a conventional manner with water

Reduction to - in some cases - to cancellation washes, dechlorinates and rinses and dries with hot air,

the difference in the coefficient of friction when changing Examples of synthetic fibers that make up the textile

the direction of movement. (Differential friction effect, 15 material can contain are polyester and / or

its definition by M. C. B e 11 y η c k in Revue polyamide fibers. The textile material can be in the form

Textile TIBA, January-February 1963, p. 10, again from sliver slivers, card slivers, nonwovens

is mentioned.) or fabrics are present. The treatment solution has

There are various continuous processes for paste-like consistency. The treatment is known for every felt and shrink-free finishing, which, depending on the type and degree of processing of the material used in general for wool and acting, preferably use for 15 to chlorine derivatives of isocyanuric acid, such as tri-300 seconds at temperatures in the range of 10 chloroisocyanuric acid, dichloroisocyanuric acid and / or running up to 35 ° C,
their water-soluble salts. The application of the method according to the invention

These methods consist of either limiting the effectiveness of the chlorinated reagent

the textile product of a brief contact on the surface of the keratin fibers, and any risk

with an aqueous solution of chlorine derivatives, internal degradation is avoided. In contrast

Isocyanuric acid and / or its water-soluble salts for the majority of the known processes remains in the

with a pH-Sert of 6 to 6.5, the case of an accidental standstill of the machine only very much

Concentration of usable chlorine between 12 and 30 Little textile material in contact with the chlorine

.60 g / liter; before the effect of the treatment reagent, which thanks to its paste-like consistency

by passing it through a bath, the acidic stenz in superficial contact with the fibers

pH-value is kept constant, develops, remains, whereby the material does not become inadmissible

or by impregnation and squeezing between degradation.

the rollers "of a padder with the help of concentrated 35 The chlorine-containing substances to be used according to the invention

aqueous solutions of the chlorine derivatives of cyanuric acid, the reagents are obtained by adding natural

whose content of usable chlorine is 30 to 50 g / liter or synthetic swelling agents which chemically

can reach. . mixed with the Chlorcyanui acid compounds

In both work processes it is not possible to be inert at the application temperatures, to

the penetration of the chlorinated reagent into the interior 40 centered solutions of trichloroisocyanuric acid, di-

the fiber to prevent what is happening - despite the short. chloroisocyanuric acid and / or the water-soluble ones

Duration of contact - at higher degradation phenomena salts of the latter; it result thickened, in

and consumption figures shows as if the effect of their viscosity and their chlorine content were stable solvents

would be limited to the surface. . . sung, which among the applied concentrations

Attempts have been made to "use this serious disadvantage to 45 temperature and temperature conditions

fix by removing the textile product - top pull - and easy to remove by rinsing with water.

tapes, nonwovens or fabrics - one that is not pretreated. ■>

treatment "with the help of polymers, which under all these conditions

are able to form chloramines in order to be able to use these thickeners without bothering

Way to limit the active chlorine on the surface of the fiber 50, called: the modified or synthetic

the effect of the latter on these types of rubber, certain etherified or

. Ester starches, carboxymethyl celluloses, alginates are limited to the polymer / fiber interface

was. . or synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol or

Albeit these · improvements give good results to alkali polyacrylates. Have the solutions used

they have the additional disadvantage, preferably. such viscosity and theological

lighter, more costly operations. Incidentally, properties that a uniform coating of the

They influence to a certain extent the grip of the fiber being reached and the movement of the solutions

treated product. can be done by pumping or by gravity.

The invention relates to an improved method. The textile material is preferably

for the felt-free and shrink-free finishing of keratin 60 thickened solution in the padder of a dyeing machine in

Textile fiber ^ which allows all the aforementioned touches to be brought.

Eliminate disadvantages. . The execution of the method according to the invention

The subject of the invention is a continuous process is generally carried out by the following on-one-method for the felt and shrink-free finishing of the following measures:
Tex- optionally containing synthetic fibers 65 1. The textile material based on keratinous material made of keratin fibers using tin fibers is continuously brought into contact with the chloro-chlorine derivatives of isocyanuric acid and / or its cyanuric acid solution of increased viscosity in water-soluble salts, which is characterized by contact .

2. The superficial reaction of the chlorine derivatives of isocyanuric acid occurs in the course of the subsequent ripening period, the duration of which within the period of 15 to 300 seconds is a function of the temperature in the range between 10 and 35 ^° C.

3. The textile product is rinsed with water to

! . to remove the greater part of the chlorine derivatives and the thickener, a dechlorination with the aim of subjecting the last

To remove traces of chlorine, rinsed with water,

ι squeezed off and dried.

! On an industrial scale, the process in

j can expediently be carried out by letting the textile material run through the padder of a dyeing machine j which is arranged in a row with the troughs of a lisseuse for rinsing and dechlorination. The reaction between the fiber and the Chlorcyanursäurederivat occurs after the treatment in the foulard by ripening in the bearing trough the dyeing Ij) machine at 10 to 35 ⁰ C, preferably at ambient temperature for 15 to 300 seconds. The linear speed of the textile material which is subjected to the process according to the invention is tied to the shape of the latter as well as to the space available for the ripening process and is essentially in the range from 1 to 20 m / minute. After ripening, the textile material enters two troughs in the Lisseuse, where it is rinsed by running water, then after drying into a third trough in the Lisseuse, which is filled with a solution of sodium meta-bisulfite, sodium hydrosulfite or another The dechlorinant used in the textile industry is filled with a pH close to 4. The process is completed by a final rinse with water, vigorous squeezing and drying under a stream of hot air.

The process can be improved if the ripening stage lasts from 15 to 300 seconds replaced by simply running through the textile product, which was previously done with the cyanuric acid paste coated in the aqueous solution of a mineral or organic acid with a pH between 2 and 5 for 3 to 30 seconds has been. The textile material is squeezed off and then the conventional process of dechlorination and subjected to rinsing with water.

This last-mentioned embodiment allows an extraordinary efficiency within only a few seconds to achieve with a maximum effect, which is to a large extent superior to that is that in conventional treatments in the presence of the same amount of usable chloi ever Kilograms of textile material achieved. It seems that the nature of these results is mainly due to presence of the thickener is attributable to the dilution of the active chlorine in the acidic development bath counteracts and in this way violent changes in the pH on the surface of the fiber as well as avoiding the uncontrolled release of chlorine that results from it.

The following exemplary embodiments further explain the invention without restricting it. They describe the application of the process to an Australian wool in the form of a top sliver with an average weight of 20 g / m 2, the fibers of which have an average diameter of 22 microns. The apparatus used consists of a continuous staining device in series with a lisseuse.
The cyanuric acid solution is done in any case

• 5 addition of an etherified guar gum thickened (80% etherification and 20% oxidation), which in the It is in the form of a white powder that has a sieve 250

. happens and its 4% dispersion in distilled water at 20 ⁰ C and a pH of 6.8 after 10 hours

xo the storage gives a viscosity of 2750 cP.

The treated tapes, like the untreated control tapes, are followed by the following procedures for the assessment of the degree of tangle-free and non-shrinkage:

The ribbons are processed into a homogeneous thread, the titer T of which is expressed in tex 2 × 36 and from which jersey samples are knitted, which have a "cover factor" FC of 1.29; this factor is given by the formula

FC = / i_

calculated, where / means the thread length of a stitch (in mm).

The relaxation shrinkage and the felt shrinkage are determined on the knitted fabric by means of a device which consists of a cube with a capacity of 50 dm ³ , which is kept rotating around a diagonal at a speed of 1 rotation per second, the direction of rotation after every 5 minutes 15 seconds of standstill is changed.

1. The relaxation shrinkage is measured by introducing the knitted samples to be tested into this device, which contains 25 dm ^{3 of} water at 40 ^° C., which is brought to a pH value by adding 1.25% of a mixture of mono- and disodium phosphate of 7 is buffered and the 0.05% of a nonionic

• Wetting agents are added, the addition to 1000 g sample weight is ensured by adding a load with the minimum weight of 500 g, which consists of squares of cotton interlock knitted fabric with a titer of 12 tex and a mesh length of 2.9 mm. The static moistening for 15 minutes is followed by a single rotation phase of 5 minutes, after which the samples are abundantly ^{rinsed with water at 40 °} C., spun off and ^{dried at 20 °} C. for 24 hours in an atmosphere of 65% relative humidity. The extent of the surface shrinkage is then determined by means of marks which were originally applied to the knitted fabric.

2. The amount of shrinkage from laundering — felting of relaxed knitted fabrics — is determined in the The same apparatus was found, which contains the same solution as above, but without a wetting agent.

The alternating rotation is maintained for 30 minutes, and each attempt to shrink is repeated three times. The change is determined by measuring the »NaOH loss« (»pertesalasoude«) (IWTO standard, adopted in Venice in May 1960 by the Commission Technique de la Federation Lainiere Internationale) as well as by changing the color absorption capacity.

The measurement of the »NaOH loss« .—. or the measurement of the solubility of the wool in NaOH - provides a useful indication of the degree of change in the chemical properties of the wool caused by previous treatment , which has been dried at 1Ό5 ± 2 ° C, and on the other hand, the dry weight of the residue obtained as follows can be determined: The sample-is for 60 minutes in a solution of 100 cm ³ V ₁₀ -normal NaOH at 65 ± 0.5 ° C, then washed successively with water, acetic acid and water again and dried at 105 ± 2 ° C to constant weight. The weight loss of the sample examined as a percentage of its dry weight represents the alkali solubility sought.

The last-mentioned measurement is carried out in the presence of an acidic wool dye with 3% dye, based on the weight of the mass, in a bath with the ratio 1/20, which contains 2% 80% acetic acid, Contains 10% anhydrous sodium sulfate and a leveling agent.

The exhaustion of the dyebath is monitored with the help of a photoelectric cell, which is a light beam receives, which has passed through a given thickness of the bath.

, · -, * .. B e i s ρ i e 1 1

The examined top sliver is on the padder of a dyeing machine at a speed of 4 m / minute continuously brought into contact with a thickened solution of pH 5.4, which contains:

Trichloroisocyanuric acid 18 g / kg

Sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous 10 g / kg

Isocyanuric acid (stabilizer) ... 5 g / kg

Guar gum 30 g / kg

The viscosity values of this solution, measured at 20 ^° C. with a rotary cylinder viscometer with a calibrated housing as a function of the speed gradient in seconds " ¹ , are as follows:

100 seconds - ^> ... "520 cP

• 200 ^{seconds- 1} '.- 41OcP

300 seconds- ¹ "... 350 cP.

ίο

The superficial reaction between dsr wool and the chlorine derivative dissipates very quickly, as evidenced by the iodometric determination of the percentage by weight consumed of chlorine can be determined as a function of the contact time: after 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 minutes the percentages of chlorine consumed are 20, 43, 70 or 98%.

. The total duration of the passage of the "top sliver" through the padder and the ripening chamber is 4 minutes at room temperature. Then the tape moves at a speed of 4 meters per minute fed to a lisseuse, in the first two troughs of which it is washed with running water. the Dechlorination is done by going through a

The third trough is carried out, which is filled with a solution of 5 g / Liter of sodium meta-bisulfite is filled, the pH of which is through Addition of formic acid is brought to 4; this is followed by rinsing with water in a fourth trough and the final drying with hot air.

The tape treated in this way maintains its beautiful woolly appearance and has a very soft feel.

The relaxation and felt shrinkage measurements, as well as the amount of NaOH loss, which on the samples of knitted jersey knitted as described above from treated tapes and control tapes are made, provide the following average numbers, welc.he from three experiments received:

Surface shrinkage
. . through relaxation
- '(%) Surface shrinkage by
Matting on the relaxed knitted fabric
(%) NaOH-
loss
(%) Comparison (not dealt with)
Treated 14.6
2.9 41.4
3.2 ^ 11.0 '
16.2

With regard to the change in the coloring properties, which are measured according to the method described above, the result is 96% exhaustion of the dyebath, which contains 1.5% leveling agent, in 45 minutes at 50 ^° C. for the treated samples and at 65 ^° C for the comparative samples. Accordingly, the process according to the invention changes the color absorption capacity only very little.

When the sample is treated with a cyanuric acid bath in the absence of the thickener and the pH is maintained at 5.4 with all other conditions maintained the same, the following key figures result for the wool treated in this way:

Relaxation shrinkage 2.9%

Felt shrinkage 4.8%

NaOH loss 19.0%

The 96% -Erschöpf ung of the coloring bath, as described above, occurs in 45 minutes at 30 ⁰ C, and it is necessary to use 3% ^emes color leveling agent to delay the absorption of the dye. This strong change in the coloring properties, as well as greater NaOH loss, allow the advantages of the method according to the invention to be emphasized in comparison with the prior art.

Example 2

The combed sliver according to Example 1 becomes continuous at a speed of 7 m / minute treated on a dyeing machine, the bath of which has the following composition:

Sodium salt of dichloroisocyanuric acid 35 g / kg

Acetic acid (80%) 15 g / kg ^}

Guar gum 30 g / kg

The pH of the paste is 4, and its temperature is 2O ⁰ C. The intake between the rollers of the padder 100%.

The more acidic pH leads to a higher reaction rate between the chlorocyanuric acid derivative and the surface of the wool fibers: after 30 seconds of contact, 45% of the usable is Chlorine is consumed while it is 70 and 99% after 1 and 3 minutes, respectively.

The reaction at 20 ⁰ C during the storage and the continuous passage through the ripening chamber of the dyeing machine has a duration of 3 minutes,

after which the rinsing and dechlorination are carried out under the same conditions as in the previous one Example are given.

The testing of the samples treated in this way, carried out in parallel with that of (untreated) comparison samples and samples that were used in a known manner in a bath of the same composition but treated in the absence of the thickener the following results:

Surface shrinkage
through relaxation
(%) Surface shrinkage by
Matting on the relaxed knitted fabric
(%) NaOH-
loss
(%) Comparison (not dealt with)
Treated with thickener ...
Treated without thickeners 14.6
2.2
■ 2.4 41.4
1.3
2.3 11.0
15.0
18.0

Example 3

The combed tape used in Example 1 is covered by passing at a speed of 4 m / minute through a thickened solution which contains:

Trichloroisocyanuric acid 18 g / kg

Sodium bicarbonate, anhydrous 10 g / kg

Isocyanuric acid (stabilizer) ... 5 g / kg

Polyvinyl alcohol 80 g / kg

30th

The take-up ratio is 130%. The tape emerging from the padder is fed at the same speed into a developing bath of normal temperature, which contains 5 cm ³ / ln / 10 hydrochloric acid, whereby the time required for the two processes of coating and Developing separates is 15 seconds.

The squeezed between two rollers to an extent of 70% strip is then subjected to dechlorination in an aqueous solution of 2 g / l sodium metabisulfite, wherein it remains for 20 seconds and then rinsed with water at 40 ⁰ C for 40 seconds and squeezed thereafter and dried.

A comparative test is carried out under the same conditions in the absence of the thickener.

The comparative results obtained by testing the relaxation shrinkage and the felt shrinkage after three washes and by measuring the NaOH loss on samples of jersey knitted fabrics made from a reference tape and the tapes treated with or without a thickener are shown in FIG compiled in the following table. The knitted jersey fabric has the same properties as that of Example 1 (FC = 1.29) and was tested using the same methods.

Surface shrinkage Matting on NaOH- relaxed loss Relaxation Knitted fabrics (7o> (7o) (7o) 41.4 1.0 Comparative experiment 14.6 Without ver 34.0 17.2 thickener 4.3 With Ver 2.6 18.0 thickener 3.1

Claims (3)

Claims: 55 1. Continuous process for the felt- and shrink-free finishing of synthetic materials, if necessary Textile material containing fibers made from keratin fibers using chlorine derivatives of isocyanuric acid and / or its water-soluble salts, characterized in that that the textile material with a 10 to 50 g of usable chlorine per kilogram of textile material containing and having a pH of 3 to 6.5 viscous solution of an aqueous, one or more chlorine derivatives of isocyanuric acid and / or their water-soluble salts containing solution and a customary natural or synthetic, easily swellable in water and chemically inert to the chlorine-containing reagent rinsable thickener evenly envelops and the textile material treated in this way after implementation Washes with the chlorocyanuric acid derivatives in a conventional manner with water, dechlorinated and rinse and dry with hot air. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the superficial implementation / wipe the cyanuric acid derivatives and dei Fiber for a period of 15 to 3 (Xl seconds at a temperature between 10 and 35 "'C run off leaves. 209 627Ί1Ρ 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the superficial implementation between the cyanuric acid derivative and - the fiber by simply passing the Tex- -fyWff ^ izM ^ Mi. tilmaterials by an aqueous solution of a Mi- 5. *?,. ■ /: e-. ■;. ■? «|» £. · - mineral acid or an organic acid with a ·. '■', ' pH value between 2 and 5 during .3 to 30 Se-, - ··> ►: · '. · .-. to expire. '- ■■ · "' ■■ '*' ^{v ':} -' - ■