DE1575497A1 - Process for the production of a hardened race for slide or roller bearings - Google Patents

Description

INDUSTRIEWERK SCHAEFFLER OHG
HERZOGENAURACH near NUREMBERG

Pt-my / ha

P 1260 - '

Process for manufacturing a hardened race for plain or roller bearings ~ ~

The invention relates to a method for producing a hardened race for sliding or roller bearings using high-energy beam welding, in particular electron beam welding, for joining race ring parts produced separately or produced by being blown apart, preferably with one for Moving the track laterally or in a groove-shaped manner Recess at the running track ending weld seam.

There are known sliding and roller bearings, their assembly only. ■ this makes it possible that one of the two races is designed to be divided. The rolling bearings are E.g. the designs in which the rolling elements are between an inner and an outer race are arranged, both of which are provided with fixed ribs at both ends. In This also applies to multi-row roller bearings, for example in which one race ring is provided with solid ribs at both ends, while the other race ring is between the individual rows of rolling elements has ribs. For the Assembling such bearings requires the outer race in either one going through the bearing axis or to divide to this perpendicular plane.

It is also known that this division of the races

9098 83/0948 M "ue documents (Art. 7% vAt> s ^ m. Ι sentence3 desAnderunaaeMux, 4. &. 19S7:

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neither to be brought about by manufacturing these in two parts from the outset or by that they are first made in one piece and after hardening in the desired places bursts apart.

In the case of plain bearings, there is a requirement to have to split one race ring, e.g. in the case of the so-called Spherical bearings. These are bearings that consist of two race rings that are attached to spherical running surfaces touch, which allows angular mobility between the two rings. One has in such camps, although various solutions have been proposed through which the required Division of the outer race bypassed during assembly shall be. However, these solutions all have disadvantages, such as reduced load-bearing capacity of the camp after itself.

In the camps described above, in which from For assembly reasons that a race had to be shared, it has always been felt as a disadvantage that these raceway parts together again in a suitable manner had to be connected in order to create a storage, dispatch and installation-ready storage unit. Such a connection was absolutely necessary, because, especially when one thinks of races that have burst apart, otherwise there would have been a risk, that the raceway parts when installing the bearing e.g. had been offset against each other in a housing bore, whereby the functionality of the entire Camp would have been questioned. For reasons of cost, relatively simple connecting means have been provided for this, which are not satisfactory in all cases could. In particular, these were usually not suitable for forces occurring during operation of the bearing

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really record. The invention has the task based on the known prior art in these known bearings, a connection option for the raceway parts to create the is as inexpensive as possible and still results in a fully functional warehouse. - ■.

This prior art includes that from the USA patent 2,625,450 known resistance welding processes for connecting storage parts, 'which is not in the Manufacturing has prevailed because it is particularly waterproofing the rolling element raceways against undesirable effects of resistance welding makes necessary.

Another method of joining stock parts by welding, namely electrode welding, has been described in U.S. Patent 1,374,988. .-. · However, this prior publication contains the express Indicates that the welding point is not in contact may come with the rolling elements because there is no flawless surface at the connection point during welding the stock parts can be obtained.

Finally, in recent years, high-energy beam welding, such as electric arc welding or laser beam welding, has become more widespread. Ih this context, in particular, is known, the high-energy beam welding has the advantage that the welding beam can be accurately directed 'and bundled very sharply, resulting in very fine, can be obtained very limited welds. Another advantage of using this welding process results from the fact that the heating of the workpiece remains very narrowly limited to the weld seam, which causes damaging structural changes in the material to be welded in the vicinity of the weld seam.

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BADORlOiNAI.

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cannot occur. After all, with these welding processes you have it by properly controlling the intensity of the welding beam also in a relatively simple manner in the hand to influence the depth of penetration of the welding beam and thus the depth of the weld seam itself. -

In the German utility model 1 884 519, the connection is a race with a support ring by electron beam welding described. With this composite bearing ring, the weld seam is created at a distance of the rolling element running surfaces, which are so large that they certainly do not receive any surface or structural changes.

Although this principle of electron beam welding is well known there was a considerable prejudice against this process in the immediate vicinity of the running surface of the rolling elements apply.

With the special method of electron beam welding, as proposed according to the invention, are negative Effects on the rolling element raceway are definitely excluded.

The process for producing a hardened race for plain or roller bearings using the high-energy, in particular electron beam welding according to the invention consists in the fact that the welding beam is directed onto the surface of the raceway facing away from the raceway and in its Intensity is controlled so that the weld only over part of the raceway thickness at the weld seam follows. the Practice has shown that this proposal leads to absolutely useful results, although in specialist circles it has always been there is a prejudice against welding such high-precision parts as races for plain or roller bearings duration. This prejudice is based on the fact that on the one hand it is known that welding in general

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a distortion of the parts to be welded occurs, which is not accepted with roller bearing parts can be, and that on the other hand at the welding point Structural changes occur which, for example, lead to a reduction in the hardness of the raceway.

With the claimed method of applying the With high energy beam welding, these prejudices have been overcome. Through the already mentioned above, 'warming that is narrowly limited to the welding point Direction of the welding beam on the surface of the raceway facing away from the raceway and the control its intensity, the tread stays through itself the weld seam is intact and there can be a distortion of the race to be welded as well as damaging Structural changes are completely avoided. To detrimental structural changes in the career of such It is only necessary to exclude the races To place the weld seam in a suitable place, e.g. to arrange the weld seam laterally offset to the raceway. In the case of multi-row roller bearings, this is possible, for example, by placing the weld seam between the Running track of two rows of roles is placed. In the case of a single-row roller bearing, this requirement can e.g. Way to be met that the one board of the raceway is produced separately or blasted off, with the weld seam when this board is subsequently welded on not in the career, but in the transition anyway from the running track to the edge existing recess ends.

Another possibility is * in the area A groove-shaped recess is welded to the track to provide in which then the weld, opposite the Tread itself set back, ends.

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In the drawings, embodiments of the described- Invention shown. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through the upper half of a

double row roller bearing, Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the upper half of a

single row roller bearing, Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the upper half of a

Joint plain bearing,
Fig. 4 is a partial longitudinal section through a two-row

Roller bearings,

Fig. 5 is a section along line V-V of Fig. 4 and 6 shows an enlarged illustration of the detail VI

according to FIG. 5.

The double-row roller bearing shown in FIG. 1 consists of the outer race 1, the inner race 2 and the ones in between housed rollers 3. The rollers 3 are guided on the one hand between the ribs 4 of the race 1 and on the other hand the Board 5 of the inner race 2. Between the two rows of rollers the race 1 is divided into the two parts 6 and 7 and produced by means of high-energy beam welding Weld seam 8 connected again to form a unit.

In the single-row roller bearing according to Fig. 2, the rolling bodies' per 3 between the outer race 9 and the inner race 1o housed. Both races point to their axial End shelves 11 or 12. In this version is on the Race ring 9 of the right rim 11 is either made separately or divided from the rest of the race by bursting and by subsequent welding by means of high-energy beam welding reconnected to the remaining raceway part * The weld ends in the bore of the Race ring 9 in the already existing recess at the transition the roller surface to the shelf 1t.

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In Fig. 3, a self-aligning slide bearing is shown, which consists of the outer race ring 13 and the inner race ring 14 consists. The.; both races touch on the spherical sliding surface 15. The outer race 13 consists of the two identical ones Halves 16, which abut against each other in the middle of the bearing. At this joint, these two halves 16 are connected to one another by means of high-energy beam welding, with the weld seam 17 ends in a circumferential groove 18 through which removes the weld seam from the actual sliding surface is held. It goes without saying that this circumferential groove 18 in this case, e.g. simultaneously for the Lubricant supply to the sliding surfaces can be used.

The two-row roller bearing shown in Fig. 4 corresponds in its basic structure completely to that of Fig.1. As shown in FIG. 4 and in particular also the section corresponding to FIG. 5, in this embodiment the outer race 1 is not in a plane running at right angles to the bearing axis, as in the bearing in accordance with FIG. 1, but rather in a plane through the bearing axis This results in the two raceway halves 19 and 2o. At their joints, these two identical halves 19 and 2o are also connected to one another by means of high-energy beam welding are rolled over, it is important that the running surface is not damaged by the weld seam at these points and also not changed in its structure.As the detail according to FIG is controlled so that the weld seam 21 only up to the point 22 in the raceway thickness penetrates, so that the inner remainder of the explosion joint remains unwelded. Due to the fact that with the applied high energy beam welding the heating of the material is very close to the weld seam

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itself remains limited, can be achieved when using this method, that the track surface not only retains its original shape, but also, in particular, its previously existing hardness. ,

In all of the illustrated embodiments, the production the raceway parts both by manufacturing them separately these parts take place, as well as the fact that initially the race is made in one piece and then blasted apart will. The latter embodiment has the significant advantage that the production of the race compared to an undivided one is in no way complicated and up In addition, when the race is split apart, fracture surfaces result which interlock in the manner of a toothing when the parts are subsequently joined together. This ensures in the simplest way that the raceway parts are actually exactly back in their original position Location come. >

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Claims (1)

INDUSTRIEWERK SCHAEFFLER OHG
HERZOGENAURACH near NUREMBERG ■ ■ ■ Pt-My / Bi P 126o Claim Method for manufacturing a hardened race for Plain or roller bearings using high-energy beam welding, in particular electron beam welding, for Joining separately produced or by breaking apart produced raceway parts, preferably with one to the raceway laterally offset weld seam or weld seam ending in a groove-shaped recess on the raceway, characterized in that the welding beam is directed onto the surface of the raceway facing away from the raceway and in its intensity is controlled so that the weld is only over a part the raceway thickness at the weld seam. 909883/0948
.Documents (^ n.7s, Abs, 2Nr, ι