DE1532917A1 - Device for separating bread that is sticking together - Google Patents

Description

Cooperativa Förbundet,
ekonomisk f ö'rening
Stockholm 15 / Sweden

Patent application Device for separating bread that has stuck to one another

The invention relates to an apparatus for separating from each other stapled B _r soldering, for example, strands of loaves which have been brought together before fermentation, after which it after baking in an oven, for example in a tunnel oven, aneinanderhaf tend from the oven heraTiakommen-

Devices e.g. for separating pieces of dough are in the U.S. Patents 1,160,792, 1,588,085 and 2,765,065 and Devices, e.g., for separating eggs, are described in US Pat. No. 3,147,044. These devices However, assets only have items with little or none to separate mutual attachment.

In contrast, the invention has set itself the task of to create a device that is able to separate objects with significant mutual adhesion, such as an Another-sticking ten.de loaves.

009808/0085

To solve this problem, the invention proposes that in the transverse direction of the moving path of the strand of bread ^ breaking organs such as rotatable crushing rollers or crushing rollers' arranged alternately on the upper and lower side of the web are such that the strand of bread is alternately bent downwards and upwards or vice versa, so that the loaves are thereby broken away from one another.

Advantageously, with the help of the device according to the invention with relatively large adhesion or loaves of bread sticking together are separated.

The invention is particularly advantageous in use for special types of bread that are very popular in consumer circles and produced in large numbers that are made in the manner are made so that the breads are placed next to each other on the fermentation track, whereby they stick together during baking in the oven,

This creates a special, good taste and a special one Appearance of the boat brought about and besides the Plant has a very high capacity. A disadvantage of the known devices, however, is that staff to dismantle the loaves of bread before they are conveyed further is required; For example, with a large baking line, two people are fully employed.

By inserting the device according to the invention between the oven and subsequent transport devices

009808/0085

in a completely automatic way

ÜSisfünrungsi ^ rffien the invention result from Ife ^ e ^ önsprudlifen and the following description.

"of the drawing are template designs telßpielswelse "shown.

fSg. 1 part of a device according to the invention "Imm Trentien" by ■ aneitianderJaafSenden breads in sciiau-Mldf iciler display;

Mg. 2 ^: inίgro'saerem Kasstäb part of the Törriehtung according to Fig. 1 in section along the line II-II in

Mg.> In-höeh giössereiB iiaos-tal · part of the device

at night. 2;
^l lfg. "4 ^: in" ^: Ttoih;: ^ o ^ eFem ^; iIaSs "fcab ^{; the} eleventh anieren fell> äer

VolFri ^ tung ^T n ^ 2;

]? ig.-5 "an ATasehni11 - a Vertifca 1 schni11es through a Törriehtühg with gripping rollers of groups

liig. 6 '^ elne ~ ^! PfindTangsgemS.sse system for separating

• Unsteady, sticky bread from the top and bottom Jig. 7 the system according to 6 viewed from the side.

In Pig-1 is part of a device according to the invention shown that a frame, in the end walls 2 the

& 09 8D8 / 008S

ORIGlNAIiNSPECTED

Shafts 3, 4 and 5 are mounted, and upper, by the frame devices 6 and 7 can be raised nnd lowerable end faces 8, into which the shafts Bind stored -91 1-Qy ¹ "x. The shafts extending transversely across the apparatus, and At the ends the shafts are provided with sprockets which are jointly driven by a motorized, variable drive 15 via the chain 16. On the shafts are gripping rollers 17a, T7b, 18a, 18b and pulleys 20. Conveyor belts 21 run over the pulleys 20 (see also FIG. 2).

The chain drive 16 is provided with a tensioning roller 22, which enables the chain 16 to be kept stretched, when the end wall 2 is raised and lowered to enable the device to be adapted to different heights of the loaves.

The breads 26 get out of the oven 23 onto its conveyor belt 27 with the roller 28 to the device according to the invention. After leaving the device, the loaves slide down a plate 29 and become vertical from the troughs 30 Conveyor device, e.g. an elevator, collected.

In Fig. 2 a part of the device according to Fig. 1 is shown on a larger scale * whereby the breads come out of the oven 25, for example a tunnel oven, and pass through a box 24 ″ which is attached to the device and is located somewhat lower.

0098 08/008 5

slide and grabbed by gripping organs and successively to the Plate 29 are promoted. The first top gripper roller 17a pulls the loaves apart at the top, after which the first lower gripping roller 18a grips the bread and_ breaks apart at the bottom, see Fig. 3. At this moment, the upper part of the bread has been pushed forward by the gripping roller 17a, so that it is gripped by the first upper conveyor belt 21a, the rotates at a relatively high speed, with the result that the upper part of the bread is the second upper part Gripping roller 1? B reaches before the lower part of the bread reaches the first has left lower Greifwaize 18a. The same course will repeated in that the lower part of the bread from the first, relatively fast running conveyor belt 21b taken and transferred to the second lower gripping roller T8b before a top part leaves the second top gripping roller .17b Has. In this way the loaves are broken loose and before moving the device over the plate leaving.

The drive of the gripping organs is done with advantage as follows:

The two shafts at the infeed end for the bread on both the upper and the lower side of the conveying path are provided with fixed gripping rollers 17a, 18a and freely rotating pulleys 20 for the conveyor belts 21, 21b, while the third shaft 11 and 5, respectively on the ^one upper and on the lower side of the conveyor path, no pinch rollers but only tightly "pulleys 20 for

009808/0085

-f

possess the conveyor belts 21, being on the relevant the upper and lower intermediate shafts 10, 4, the pulleys for adjacent conveyor belts 21 are expediently mutually attached so that they rotate together, the aforementioned Shafts from a common, variable-speed drive 15 or from the outgoing shaft 32 to the belt conveyor 27 of the oven 23 can be driven, and the three lower shafts individual speeds through individually adapted chain wheels or the like for driving the shafts mediated. .

The circumferential speeds of the various conveying organs are advantageously increasing in the following order: the conveyor belt 27 of the furnace, the first upper gripping roller 17a, the first lower gripping roller 18a, the two remaining gripping rollers 17b and 18b as well as those running at the same circumferential speed as these Conveyor belts.

The box 24 arranged at the feed end for the breads, see FIG. 4, serves to form an air cushion for the breads by. is perforated on the upper side, with compressed air, expediently at a pressure of 7 kg / cm , the box 24 is supplied. The box is expediently provided with an outlet slot 31 on the end directed towards the conveyor belt of the furnace.

Fig. 5 shows schematically a device with gripping rollers with diameters of different sizes in groups, with

009808/0085

17 upper gripping rollers attached to the shaft 9 and with 18 lower, mounted on the shaft 3 gripping rollers are designated * The shafts are in the manner described above by a Chain drive driven whose chains are on the shafts in question 3 and 9 attached sprockets 36 and 37 are running. The loaves 26a-26d are gripped by the gripping rollers, in this case, for example, each loaf is advanced between three upper gripping rollers and three lower gripping rollers will. The pulleys and belts described above . are also designated here with the reference numerals 20 and 21, respectively.

Because the gripping rollers have diameters of slightly different sizes in groups, the gripping rollers are given in groups slightly different peripheral speeds, what for The result is that the loaves with mutually about -s ^ different Speed, which causes the mutual adhesion between the ends of adjacent ones Loaves is loosened by this relative movement.

The diameters can, for example, be selected in groups in such a way that the diameters '.- D- and -D' are of the same size and the diameters D are somewhat smaller, with the diameters D. advantageously being so much larger than the diameters D. "'' and T> 2 as the diameters D-, are smaller than these. The diameters Dc and Dg can then be mutually equal and the same size as the diameters D., and D ₂ , after which D ₇ = D ^ and Ug = D ^ etc. This arrangement also has the advantage that the gap between the Gfeifwalzen ^;

009808/0085

is the same size, so that the groups of the gripping rollers Grasp loaves 26a - 26d with the same size handle.

The gripping rollers advantageously have a length of 10 cm or less, so that Bpots placed in the longitudinal direction of the conveying direction can also be treated.

In order to permit a change in the mutual speed between the conveyor belt 21 and the gripping rollers is ψ between their Antreiborganen a variator p.-like. arranged with advantage.

In Mg. 6 and 7, a system is shown for separating each stapled loaves in which the loaves are conveyed forward from the furnace 26 belt 27 with their LängsriGhtung preferably in the movement path lying '. The interaction of a rotating roller 43, which can be adjusted in height by means not shown and is lined with soft material, with a plate 44 fixedly arranged in the transverse direction of the movement path and the mutual position between the roller 28 of the furnace belt and the one roller 40 of a conveyor belt 42 become B _r ote broken out into strands 26 ', which are displaced by the conveyor belt 42nd The conveyor belt 42 has a greater speed than the furnace belt 27. The plate 44 can be replaced by a rotating roller or supplemented by one.

The conveyor belt 42 runs over a second roller 41, which is described in 0 09808/008 5

a bridge I is attached, which can be pivoted about the axis of the roller 4-0, so that the roller 4-1 receives the position 41 ', see Pig. 7. With the bridge I, a scraper 45 is connected, the widget may move ^r, where the scraper 26 the bread strand 'by means not shown in the layers 45 * and 4-5 transferred to a conveyor belt 46 and then into the position 45 goes back. The scraper can for example be attached to two endless chains arranged on each side of the bridge I, the chain wheels of which are actuated by the piston rod of a pneumatic working cylinder.

By the band 46, the ^{bread strand 26 1} WIe in connection with Pig. 1-5 are guided into a device 60, where the breads are separated from one another and fed out onto a rotating table 61, which transfers the breads 26 ″ to a conveyor belt 48 via a number of small belt conveyors 63. To absorb the centrifugal force, the axis of the Tish'ces 61 advantageously inclined, for example about 15 °.

A scraper 57 movable in the direction of arrow 58 transports the loaves 26 from the belt 48 to a fixed grid, consisting of lamellas 50 with bent ends 53 »of which the loaves by means of elevator chains 59 and 59 "connected Lattice consisting of LaisLlen 52 with bent ends 54 led away will.

The isch 61 iat preferably with ring-shaped, raised

Back 62 provided. -

009808/0085

The movements of the displacement devices according to FIGS. 6 and 7 are triggered by means not shown, known per se, which expediently have photocell-controlled relays and a contact device 64, which is actuated when a number of loaves of bread 26 through the belt Ab against a pivotable arm 65 has been moved forward.

In Fig. 7 a bridge II is shown, which has a conveyor belt 56 and a grid consisting of lamellas 51, When the oven with the oven belt 27 and the elevator including the chains 59 and 5V for the production of rusks or small pastries od. instead of loaves of bread sticking together, the bridge II with its conveyor belt is swiveled into position 56 and the grid 51 into position 51 'and bridge I with one roller in position 41', after which the loaves are swiveled from the oven belt 27 are conveyed to the elevator via conveyor belts 4-2 'and 56'.

So that the system can be fully utilized, in Connection with the fermentation of bread weights in the form of wooden blocks 66 or the like on the very first loaves of bread attached so that these loaves have the same shape as the remaining, with the wooden blocks 66 by means not shown again at the end of the furnace belt 27 facing the conveyor belt 42.

Patent claims; 0 0 9808/0085

Claims (1)

Pa t ent ansprüch.e 1. Device for separating loaves of bread that are stuck together, e.g. loaves coming out of an oven, which at the Fermentation have been brought together and stick together after baking come out of the oven, preferably in JTorm a more or less coherent strand, thereby characterized in that in the transverse direction of the path of movement of the bread strand (26V) crushing organs such as rotatable crushing rollers or Crushing rollers (17a, 18a, 1.7b, 1bb) alternately on the upper one and the lower side of the web are arranged such that the strand of bread alternately downwards and upwards or vice versa is bent so that the loaves (26) are broken loose from one another. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the combination of breaker rollers and with. the gripping organs cooperating with the breaking rollers, which move the gripped loaves successively at a successively increased speed, so that the loaves (26) or the bread strands (26 ^f ) are thereby pulled apart. 5 · .Device according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal direction the bread preferably corresponds to the transverse direction of the movement path, characterized in that the gripping members are made up of groups of endless belt pulleys or the like Belts or belts, e.g. V-belts, flat belts or belts with an O-cross section, with the pulleys 00 9808/0085 _BAD ORIGINAL preferably both on the upper side and on the lower side Side of the conveying path of the loaves open in the transverse direction the conveying direction of the loaves running waves with a plurality of pulleys are arranged on each shaft, and that the pulleys are driven in such a way that that essentially every loaf during its movement forwards successively between two or more pairs of belts, which make up the said grasping organs, is grasped. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3> characterized in that that the crushing rollers are arranged coaxially with and between the pulleys of the endless conveyor belts, the Outside diameter of the crushing rollers are preferably larger than the diameter on the outside of the over the pulleys running conveyor belts. 5. Device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized by three on the top and three on the bottom of the conveyor path of the bread and arranged perpendicular to the conveyor path, preferably in end walls (2) outside the conveyor path, together for example by a chain drive ( 16) driven shafts (3 _r 4, 5, 9, 10, 11) for the gripping organs and the crushing rollers, with the two shafts closest to the infeed end (9, 3) for the bread on both the upper and the lower side of the Conveyor path with fixed crushing rollers (17a, 18a) and freely rotating pulleys (20) for the conveyor belts (21a, 21b) are provided and the third shaft (11,5) on both the upper and 009808/0085 also on the lower side of the conveying path only provided with tight belt pulleys (20) for the conveyor belts (21) is, wherein on the upper and the lower intermediate shaft (10, 4) the pulleys (20) for adjacent rear and front conveyor belts (21) preferably attached to one another are so that they rotate together, being the said Shafts (15) from a common, variable-speed drive (15) or from the outgoing shaft (32) of the belt conveyor (27) of the oven (23) and the three upper and the three lower shafts individual speeds through individually adapted chain wheels or the like for driving the Waves are conveyed. 6. Device according to one of · Claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that at least one, for example the upper group of shafts (9, 10, 11) for the grasping organs and the Crushing rollers to adapt the device to different Heights of the loaves by a common actuator, expedient a cog that can be raised and lowered. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that attached to the same shaft, adjacent crushing rollers (17 _r 18) or groups of crushing rollers have mutually slightly different diameters, the arrangement being such that breads, for example loaves (26a - 26d), which lie against each other transversely to the feed direction, slightly different vorqhubgeseh SPEED and / or mutually a slightly rotating movement can be taught, 00 98 08/008 5 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the diameter of the Ereehwalzen are chosen so that the distance between opposite upper crushing rollers (17) and lower crushing rollers (IB) is essentially the same for all crushing rollers. 9. Plant for separating bread that is stuck together with a device according to one of claims 1 to ti, wherein the bread is conveyed from the oven belt with the longitudinal direction lying in the direction of movement; are characterized by breaking organs arranged in the transverse direction of the path of movement of the bread strand *, e.g. rotating crushing rollers (43) which break rows of breads away from the bread strand, and a conveyor system (42, 45 »46), which in the direction of the bread rows the bread rows in insert a separator (60). 10. Plant according to claim 9 »characterized by a conveyor system for conveying the bread from the oven to the separating device (60) and from this to an elevator (52, 59, 59 ') or. Like., With at least one adjustable belt conveyor in two positions (40, 41, 42), the one layer for transporting the bread from the oven to the elevator through the device (60), and the other layer for transporting the loaves from the oven to the Serves the elevator past the device (60). The patent attorney 00980 8/008 Lee rs β it e