DE1500934A1 - Holding bodies or holding devices which or the like in a wall. can be used - Google Patents

Description

Horst Spörr
Friedrichehafen

Holding bodies or holding devices, which can be inserted into a wall or the like.

The invention relates to the formation of dowel-like Holding bodies or holding devices which can be inserted into the opening of a wall or the like and with the opening tray can be connected positively or non-positively by the action of force.

As is known, dowels which can be inserted into a pre-drilled hole are preferably used for this purpose and which have several expandable legs with which a strong frictional effect is exerted on the bore wall can, whereby the desired hold is achieved. In order to cause the spreading, most of them known designs a screw or a wedge in a conical or cylindrical hole in the dowel interior axially moved from the outside, which then causes the slotted dowel »

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jacket or the dowel legs are bulged or angularly spread to each other.

According to this principle, according to the variety of occurring in practice. Holding wid fastening tasks, in the course of the tent a large number of different types of dowels developed, their distinguishing features., mainly due to the type of application, the size of the stress »as well as the properties of the dowel material and the material holding the dowel! so the wall, are intended. These dowels give a firm one Stop in exact drill holes and in hard solid walls · With the use of more modern building materials are here however, new, largely unsolved problems thawed: Hollow blocks te ine and so-called »" soft walls ·, such as κ. Β *. Heraklit plates u. 3 · offer the expansion pressure only partially, or weak resistance, which puts the durability of the expansion anchor in question in such cases. Xn hollow stones the reachable pressure surface in emergencies can be very high be small, it can also be unevenly distributed, whereby tilting of the »dowels can occur« In soft building boards the material largely evades the pressure, and even if the dowel is heavily profiled, it stays that way

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“A question of whether the wall material is interlocked with the dowel, whether it then offers so much resistance that the dowel securely holds it when pulled out. The particularly strong expansion sought to compensate for this would drag the soft material aside more than it would create a secure interlocking between the dowel and the wall. A certain way out would be, for example, flow plastically deformable ones that adapt to all unevenness and then harden. The cavities in stones are usually much too deep to be able to operate with them. In soft walls this Diibsl are indeed useful, but their strength and durability is limited, they are not using eu outdoors and also their processing is too cumbersome riel _r so that they could not enforce properly for this reason *

The object of the invention now consists in holding bodies ua & to create holding devices that are similar to Dowels can be used, but in which the jgenaaaten Defects eliminated and additional advantages, in particular with regard to an extended area of application, achieved are,.

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ZVL this purpose, let erfindungageraäß the holding body and the holding device provided with one or more expansion means, or from these formed, wherein _the:; Bx-

pansionsmittel a, with respect to the holding body ,, axis can be exposed radially outwardly acting force for the action. In this case, the expansion means are according to the invention as separate or with the holding body. connected parts in, on or on the holding body guided or attached in such a way that they execute their own movement in the holding position and exert the holding force in the event of an axial or radial force.

Kit with the previous dowel-like fastening means, in particular, could only a sprinkling pressure be issued against the wall without being able to penetrate into this wosentlioh, so that the strong holding effect of _? the size of the Anpreßfläohe depended, which could be detected by the dowel parts. Due to the inventive design of the expansion parts, however, several expansion parts, if necessary, can be arranged in such a way that they cover a wide area of a hole and everywhere expand into the depth of the surrounding wall, ao that In addition to the key, a force-based holding effect is also set. This results in larger varia-

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tion possibilities when designing the dt * holding body The practical guide to making a The invention prefers the expansion function, which, however, also sradglloht a normal Sprelsdruek, depending on which environment is in the AufnahaeOffnuag just offers »whereby the effect, la Qefeneat« m bi · - her »not built on an exact borehole *

fold of the load are indirectly or "indirect power transmission to the Kxpanaionetelle displaceable and / or rotatably guided auxiliary bodies Ttnrenden, which la or sa holding body can be arranged, νκΛ which form and / or force-soled s" B · via AbetütsflXohen, Levers, joints old are connected to the Sxpensionsteile,

By erf indungegemSeen transfer agents can eloh for the displacement of Bxpeniionsteile mice naoh, but also for other movements baw · funktlonaa this TeIIe ₉ required Kraftriohtangen and OrOeen, and possibly also the order of the Krafteiwirkngen bestimmen.Die

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Design of the holding body and its expansion parts, in conjunction with the appropriate design of help, "the body results in a holding body, which combines the structural and functional Brauchbarkeiten the known anchors species in itself, and in addition has still new, advantageous Anwendungsmögliohkeiten ·

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This diverse possible use of the holding body according to the invention and its components is conditional the realization of the invention replication a corresponding multitude of types of execution. These are based of the drawings, in which embodiments are shown.

In Figures 1-26 have the corresponding Parts are given the same reference numbers.

In Fig. I a basic embodiment of the invention is shown in longitudinal section. Here are the Holding body with 1, the expansion parts with 2 and the help « body, in this case a commercially available wood screw that can be screwed into the holding body, denoted by 3 · The For the sake of simplicity, FIG. 1 shows two types of Expansion bodies 2 or 2a shown, the body 2 being integral with the holding body, while the body 2a are used as separate parts in openings 5. The expansion body 2, 2a protrude into the unused state Xiuienraum 4- of the holding body into it, and are designed so that they do not or only so much about the Outer surface of the holding body protrude that the Einsohleben In the wall or tusk opening is not obstructed, whereby

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However, there is a certain bias between Weuil and Halt- <; _: May be desirable body. This principle applies to the types shown in the other figures. ? > ^ v-

In pig. 1 it is assumed that the advancing screw 3 has reached the expansion bodies 2 and 2a and has displaced it outwards, with the body 2a being lifted out of its grip 6. the tapering expansion bodies penetrate the wall openings and anchor ßioh duroh elastic tension, or form-fitting through the protruding noses - with the cavities in the wall.With hard wall material, the displacement to the outside between the bore wall of the wall and the surfaces 8 of the expansion body 2, 2a a strong compression and thus a good force-fit retaining effect is achieved. Depending on the nature of the wall, the expansion bodies penetrate the wall or a cavity and anchor the fastening body by means of positive locking and / or bolt hole, or else, in harder wall material or on harder places, they have at least a forceful effect due to a possibly low tension final ₀

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For example, Ια Pig · 2 are two possible arrangements shown for expansion body 2, which is similar to Pig · I Components of the holding body 1 are, the bodies 2 being arranged offset from one another over the circumference of the holding body and possibly offset from one another in an axial view »while the bodies 2b to build a group. As already mentioned, these are formations

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40

particularly advantageous for walls with hard and soft Places »or with cavities.

The application of the principle of the individual (2a) or the to Groups united expansion body 2o is in PIg. 3 shown »where the bodies on the left are shown in the displaced and the bodies on the right in the unused state * This type the design is particularly advantageous if the holding body 1 is made of a softer material (e.g. sheet metal »plastic) consists »the expansion parts 2a, 2o but be particularly hard should, e.g. made of steel. The design of the foot 10 and 11 shown in Pig · I and 3 enables one Predeterminable limitation of the exit length and, in the case of a conical foot, a plague tension in the exit slot 12. Furthermore, can the loosely inserted individual expansion body 2a independently of one another outward and in different directions move and adapt particularly well to the changing wall structures.

On the other hand, the bodies combined to form groups 20 have their manufacture and handling when inserting certain advantages in the holding body and can also be guided axially displaceably between stops.

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The Fig. * T shows an embodiment in which lsi front part 14 of the holding body 1 expansion body 15 as components of the holding body 1 by the advancing screw 3 raised in the tangential direction and on the wall of the hole be pressed. In the front fur 16 of the holding body are Expansion body 17 arranged displaceably in longitudinal slots 18. Since these slots are continuous, so they form free spreadable legs, which can optionally be involved in the holding effect. The tapered shape of the Body 17 enables a ring in the corresponding wall * material * or in the case of designs made of flexible material - e.g. Sheet metal or tough elastic plastic - a flip on the hard bore wall under the action of the contact pressure. With the in Figures 5 »5a» 6, 6a and 7 (section B / B from Fig. 6a) illustrated embodiments of the invention consist the expansion parts 20 and 21 of flat and preferably stiff., loosely inlaid bodies, their Baader designed like a sawtooth and which are guided in longitudinal slots 22.

The execution according to Flg. 5 let axially movable and radially pretensioned and is from the advancing aid body up to a Wall recess expands. Or it becomes one

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where _t out because the penetration of the auxiliary body and the screw, the wing 2 * 2 * in the in Pig. 5a expand and come into positive and non-positive connection with the masonry * With PIg. 5a it is assumed that the expansion bodies 20 are inserted axially immovably into the holding body and expand into the position shown _{when the screw penetrates or c penetrates.}

The same effects arise with the embodiment of FIG. 6, however, * 6 and 7 »wöbet the wings 25 upon reaching of the stop 26 to be deflected radially and herauotreten from the holding body _t while the screw 3 the body 21 penetrates XMU, it may still be further, consecutively arranged expansion bodies are recorded.

The plate-shaped blades 25 can be eingesstat as individual pieces in existing commercial Expansion dowel according to requirements _e expands whereby the scope of the dowel and its usability is improved. Another. Advantage der.-in FIGS .1-7 shown inventively designed holding means shall look ■ Darin that, unlike za conventional expansion anchors ". _s the expansion of the inner body can not only be achieved by pulling in a screw, but also by simply hammering in or pressing in a twisting pin or body.

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If there is a further advantageous possibility of achieving a holding effect, in connection with the in Flg. 1-7, according to the invention in that, never shown for example in FIGS. 8, 3a, a special rotatable inner body 27 is inserted into the holding body i. This inner body is formed from * like a threaded spindle and serves - instead of the usual advancing screw - as a trigger. For this purpose, the size and arrangement of the expansion parts individually (2a) or in groups (2c) are matched to the thread profile of the trigger 27 so that the bodies in the boom position are approximately flush with the dumbbell of the holding body 1 (Fig. 8). and step out by turning the trigger (Fig. 8a) - If suitable means, e.g. bast connection or bracing in the passage opening, ensure that the expansion bodies can no longer return to their original position, the trigger can after the attachment of the holding body be withdrawn again in whole or in part, or completely removed. After the expansion body has been triggered, one then has the choice of either pulling in a normal screw or screwing in or suspending the object to be held by oneself.

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Further designs according to the invention of expansion bodies or inner bodies are shown in Schnltt-Piguren 9, 9a and 10, IOa. In the case of Pig. 9, 9a, the expansion bodies 28 and 29, if necessary, are supported by the spring hinge © 30 or spiral springs 31, possibly with pretensioning, on the inner wall of the holding body 1 and, when rotated, pass through openings 32 close to the outside. 10, 10a shows an inner body 33 which, when rotated, acts like a cam and thereby displaces segment-shaped expansion bodies 34 duroh slots outwards. In order to prevent the nook 33 from moving back here, an internal lock 35 is provided, with which the internal body 33 is braced in the holding position (FIG. 10a). In this, as in the previous embodiments, a plurality of expansion bodies 3 ^ arranged on the circumference of the holding body can also be used, in which case, depending on the intended use, the bodies can be distributed over the length of the holding body as required. This also makes it possible to set the expansion body at very specific points in the wall so that the body is effective at the point where it is needed without axial displacement, which results in targeted and time-saving honing. In the case of a hollow wall, the, for example, disk-shaped expansion body can advantageously manage with a very small axial expansion in the hollow space.

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In Pig, 11, lla t iat a erfindungögomüßes Außführungsbölspiel shown {wherein the loosely inserted Bxpaneionskörpar (Figure 11 *) go goformt sindj that they are deflected in an example by the pin 38 applied axial Druok on stop 39 in the radial expansion conical recess 37 and check Anchor in or Mnfcor of the Wend, In the execution according to Fi gi iia the Expsxisionskörper are ko parts of the Hai · teköt'pors 1 and. can, as described in Fig. 11! from this herfaiegööchwQnfcfc become. According to the invention, for example, the edge is provided with a bast toothing ^ 1 _f weloUö with a Gögensalmung ^ Z on the holding body in each softttenklage io. Formsclilüsöige connection comes , whereby a Rückstellmn of the body 40 prevents iat. A similar effect, and diisu a boeondsro helto effect, results when penetrating into the wall material. plumb due to the hard wall penetration is not possible, the screw may possibly be in the M & korial odoi »drilled into a guide of the expansion body cn * which results in © in pressing pressure to the outside»

The crfinduttgsgeraäSe version according to Pig. 12 and 12a uses an inner body kk _e which solid or may be formed as a sleeve and _t which is provide with a plurality of expansion bodies 45, which are integral and flexible, or golenklg applied. The bodies ^ 5 lie in the open

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46 of the holding body i and extend in the rest position obliquely in direction "E" pointing outwards, but roughly flush lying in the lateral surface. As a result, the expansion body can move with a relatively small axial movement of the inner body 44 in the holding position (FIG. 12a) to the outside »with a large area of the wall bore being covered at the same time only a slight penetration of the expansion body 45 is permitted, If they are inclined, they are pressed against the bore surface by a radial force component, so that a force-fit Holding effect arises "

The training according to the invention has a similar effect according to Flg. 13, in which the internal aid body 48 consists of a axially displaceable rod on which the s.B. as Steel pins designed expansion body 49 are articulated » Axial displacement of the rod 48 also results in the radial straightening of the rods located in the openings 50 Pins 49 and thus achieved the holding effect.

According to the invention proposal according to Flg. 13, one To use an axial rod as an auxiliary body is shown in Fig. 14, 14a Another possibility shown, the expansion body 52 through

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an inner rod 53 ia to bring the functional position. The Inaenstab 53 is designed as a vaulted bolt α, which is rotatable, but not axially, or only movable up to a stop 5 * f, inserted into the body 1 or can be used. The bolt 53 penetrates a screw ring 55 $ on which the expansion bodies 52 are present or articulated. If the bolt 53 is rotated so that the side 55 moves to the stop 5 * f, the bodies 52, which for example consist of hard pins, are forced through openings 56 into the puncture position. In order to secure this position, the holding body 1 is provided with locking shoulders 57, behind which the ring 53 engages. As a result, in the interest of quick assembly - the thread can be made steep.

In the embodiments according to the invention shown so far FIGS. 1 - 14a were drawn from the presence of a holding body 1 with Iuaenraum to accommodate inner bodies or auxiliary bodies went out. However, the principle of the invention also includes designs in which such a holding body is dispensable 1st or in which only expansion bodies in connection with a special one or one formed by the bodies themselves Central axis come into use. These are according to the invention

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Basic types shown in Figures 15-19a, for example, Their designs, however, possibly also combined with the holding bodies, and their parts are possible.

In the example of the invention according to FIG. 15, several expansion bodies 6o are combined into groups and each assigned to a threaded ring 6i , which can be screwed on a threaded spindle 62, the threaded ring 61 being designed as a truncated cone, the smaller diameter of which is free bathing opposite the following expansion body group 60 If the spindle is ο 62 used with the groups 60/61 in the bore of the wall "with the former located in Huhestellung pansionskörpsr ~ 6Q at Wan <Janliegen and wherein the spindle is fixed axially 1st, the spindle can be achieved by turning _s that the groups 60 are pushed over the threaded rings 61 and expand by wedge action. This principle can _s be that also modified to the parts 60 and 61 loosely slidably sit on the spindle 62 and are superimposed sailed raised axially by a screwable auxiliary body 63 »The same effect can be achieved without the use of threads, in which case an axially displaceable auxiliary body expansion causes »The required axial forces can, however, be applied better by using threads *

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XS

In Pig «16 there are individual expansion body groups 65 arranged in a star shape around the central axis _p which are each assigned to a threaded ring 66 * the one on the spindle 6? ¹ screwable eats * Further, stop members 68 are provided _p which optionally beiöseitige conical surfaces possess 1st set its position on the spindle erfindimgsgemäS in advance "Upon rotation of the axially fixed spindle 67 65 run the groups to the stop body 68 and be moved outwardly" This design is particularly suitable for the targeted fastening of a holding body in hollow walls, the wall thickness of which is known, or for bracing the holder on a front and rear wall surface

FIGS. 17 and 17 show embodiments according to the invention in which a number of pin-like round or flat bodies 70 are elastically flexible or articulated _{on a central auxiliary body c} Z _{3 Bo on an axially screwable or displaceable sleeve 69;} and if necessary "rest against the wall of the bore with pretension. The axial displacement of the sleeve 69 causes the pins 70 to penetrate the masonry." form-fitting or, in the case of a hard wall, a force-fitting holding effect can be achieved.

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Flg. 17 a shows the possibility according to the invention of lining up individual groups 71 with star-shaped pins inserted into hubs 72. If required, the groups can be grounded over the length of the mounting hole in the wall, which can be an advantage, for example, in the case of a wall with layers of different structures. In the embodiments according to FIGS. 17 and 17a, the axial movement of the sleeve 69 or hub 72 can also take place without a thread, that is to say by displacement.

According to the invention, a force-regulating and regulating effect can be achieved in the designs shown in FIGS. 18 and 18a . The expansion position can be achieved here with a small axial path and a correspondingly large radial force, the bodies 7 ^ being able to be arranged in several radial planes.

The configuration shown in FIGS. 18 and 18a can also be designed in this way be that, analogous to Flg. 12 and I3, can also be arranged in a sleeve with openings.

Figo 18b shows the system of the Nuremberg scissors in the axial direction and. staggered several times one behind the other.

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The expansion takes place here by moving an axis 76.

Another invention! Step is shown in Pig, 19 and 19a. Here, the individual expansion body 77 are designed so that they from their Buhelage (right) when axial Move to your puncture position (left) without a special steering body. At the same time is through Molded sole connection of a middle profile part 78 with the counter profile 79 of the following body a middle, the connection between the individual bodies, which sterilizes the bandage, and at the same time the over one Allow stop body 80 received axial support.

In particular, for greater holding loads, as shown in FIG. ₁ 19a, a central fastening support 81 can be provided which penetrates the expansion body and facilitates assembly when it is inserted.

In Figs. 20 and 20a this principle is shown at the same time. Above all, the regulatory and tax options should be included here of expansion point 82 in radial and in both axial R1 &! »- tungan are shown

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In the designs discussed so far, instead of threaded spindles or screws or bolts, etc., for transmission movements also go aalin te auxiliary body, i.e. rack and ring gear can be used. With such means, the movements can be carried out very precisely and in a predetermined manner. Also, instead of a rigid axial aid, body a gold chain, a twist or similar means may be used, as already shown in Fig. 19, for example 1st.

However, while in this version there is still a rigid axle is formed by form-fitting means, let in Pig. 21 saigt a erfindungsgeraäßes embodiment, which represents a smooth arrangement with all-round mobility.

The individual links 83 can be connected to one another by flexible means or by suitable profiling. the. In the present example, a thread was used as the auxiliary body shaft 34 with a Steering! 1 85 used e.g. in Cavities or Hohlviämlen act as the deflection of the limbs » works, the advantage here is the possibility of a particularly large extension of the depth fastening even in cramped areas The space ratio of the extension can be so great that

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even with documents made of extremely what material, e.g. Foam, nooh a sufficiently large edition results. The option »the link parts to be tracked from the outside as required. Zweoke & Sig can here with the axial movement of the links s, B «by means of an opening 86 with a stop 87. Unless no Further penetration of the links 83 into the depths possible Ut, the links (83 ') are pushed into one another and expand in the radial direction.

As can be seen from the example according to FIG. 22, an expansion or / and a change in the length of the holding body can be achieved « so that these are adapted to the respective requirements can.

As sohon mentioned, the invention provides devices which results in an undesirable return of the expansion body or their auxiliary parts and therefore unequal one Allow more intense expansion · A simple and very effective lock according to the invention 1st in Flg. 23 shown. In the case of a slotted holding body, as assumed in Pig «6, for example, the slot is provided with e.g.

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■ with what kind of aerodynamic body 90 etttel- oAer uaoldtelbmr

. lh tuft 2 * · ielgen, AM ale half parts a mop 8perre korretpoodlerend · Oeeteltung «ufw« l «« a

Da · PHmIp ₉ Lefiktufrt · !! · Wr MnMtmg ·% λ * τ Sxp «atloii so? · Ρκ · η4 · ϋ, lit ε.B. In ng 20, 20 m & 21 Bine wtlttre torttllhmfte AnNeodune »9fllohk« lt AlMMf PrIn- «lps ltt la Λ · α Pig. 25 »25 ·, 25b valid. Η1 · Γ biit «bt · Ρ-flnAuogfgtMKe Aer Hftlttköpper 1« η · * · Ιιτ · γ · λ ebXaakUurtA ifxp »ixeiottikbody * m 91» weX <Ae Auroh · 1ήϋΐ L «ikungtt« il 92 b »i« xleitr movement ßxpenelon gttoaeht mram ₉ wm hler • ttoh «ι · Aer Mlttelaohee heretts« öglloli let.

like «α · Flg. 26, 26 · »26b emerges, kaaa inventions UBiP steering part 93 a BeeUnAtell 4 ·· Ixpenfloeelcbodyere • a« Mbei the latter is required to be divided into several blister bodies 9 ^ which «for reversing the hexpeneloii may not have old steering units Detachment of the lowering point can be done either by a beginning or by an outer foot, whether in the case of an empty upper body it is

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The holding body formed according to the invention is sslohnea eioh compared to the known dowels above all because they show an expansion acting both in depth and in surface, which is on the same side depending on the wall material a holding effect by pressing results *

Another important advantage is given by the Sr *-making in use of the holding Körpere as rotation when screwing.

To achieve a rotation lock, Ottbai protruding (but closely fitting in diameter) tongues used, their pressure and dealt holding effect in general too weak 1st. Or tangentially arranged, hard, immovable side fins were used, which were "dowels" can certainly wedge the borehole, but already when inserting, due to their position outside the dowel baffle, they take up almost enough space, so that either the borehole Somewhat larger has to be chosen or difficult processing has to be accepted, with a particularly difficult one Removal from the hole made difficult

Hit the expansion parts according to the invention, this task is file 2331 - 25 -

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complete and easy to solve · As soon as a body la that Fasteners introduced or a · function carried out in accordance with the invention, the expansion «· parts via the holding body, which can previously be pushed in unhindered and begin to fix or wedge the holding body (etc.) in the Iooh sloher cu. The expansion parts (possibly in Kellform) never to the other invented ones Punctures at any angle, including tangential « step forward. The strength or length of the urge to step on and auoh the particular desired fixation in a certain position can be selected as desired according to the invention. Herewith can A gate anti-rotation device and a pre-fastening can be achieved even in softer building material, which has so far been an absolute must was missing. In connection with the inventions of the Büokgleitaloherung, the Funtklon can also be triggered bodies used for this purpose can be removed again without defl the fuse is therefore omitted. The desired expansion position can even be individually and auoh sohon must be set before inserting the fastener, which is very important in the case of dttbellöohern that have got too far or burrowed or in the case of ceiling installations for pre-fastening Advantage lsto Here, as in other cases, the Expansion parts over the diameter of the fastening »·

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by means of a (pre-) spread out bmr «be designed ·

In the previous systems either a special anti-rotation device was used, or an attempt was made to achieve a similar effect by splitting the entire Dtibel handle "and the like received “However, these measures are effective in practice proved to be inadequate »First by the invention Means in which the expansion point protrudes from the holding body, it is possible to achieve a targeted holding * effect and rotation lock to achieve

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Claims (1)

Horst Spörr Friedrlohshafen Claims 1. Dowel-like holding bodies or holding devices, welohe in The opening of a wall or the like can be used and the opening support can be used in a form-fitting or crepe-like manner through the action of force are connectable, characterized in that the holding body is provided with one or more expansion means is formed from these, welohe for eioh the action of a, with respect to the holding body axis radially near the outside acting force can be exposed * 2. Holding body naoh claim 1, characterized in that the dafl Expanßloneraittel as a separate, or fit deodorant holding body connected parts in, on or on the holding body so out or are attached so that they are exposed to axial or radial force " effect a proper movement in the holding position and exert the holding force. File 2331 . 2 - ORIGINAL iMSPfc 3. Holding body according to claims 1 and 2, because it is known ₍ the indirect or non-retractable power transmission to the expansion point is spanked and / or rotatably guided auxiliary bodies are used, which can be arranged on or on the holding body and which fore and / or by means of force, eg via abutment surfaces, RoImI ₉ joint · are in connection with the expansion parts · 4 «holding body naoh the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding body is formed as ale hollow body into which the expansion parts protrude and duroh the auxiliary bodies are displaceable close to the outside 5 · Holding body similar to the previous test, marked because the ßxpanalonetelle old the auxiliary body are movably connected relative to this in such a way that a sliding and / or rotary movement of the auxiliary body causes the expansion parts to straighten up or stretch 6. Holding body naoh one of the preceding claims, characterized marked that the jacket of the holding body is old provided through openings for the expansion parts File 2331 3 - 909823/0673 7. Holding body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the passage openings are wholly or partially covered by the expansion parts »and by that Aids penetrating openings are brought into the holding position. 8. Holding body according to one of the preceding claims, daduroh characterized in that the Ezpanelonstelle on the holding body In Long sole seats are attached so that they can be swiveled radially 9 · Holding body according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the expansion parts in the longitudinal soles of the Holding body guided axially displaceably and by Ansohlag can be swiveled out radially. 10 · Holding body according to one or more of the preceding Proverbs, marked as such, that the Bxpanelonstelle with angularly extending, near the outside sohwenkbaren members are provided, which axially or in the same direction are mutually displaceable " File 2331 909823/0673 -JT- U. holding body according to one of the preceding. Claims, thereby characterized that Sxpanelonstelle and / or HflfskÖrper in their holding position can be fixed by locking devices. ο holding body according to one of the preceding claims, thereby characterized in that the moving parts are preloaded are set, which after triggering the Haltewlrtcung supports or causes expansion parts. 13. Holding body according to one of the preceding Ansprttehe, thereby characterized in that the holding body and / or the auxiliary body for the purpose of shortening or lengthening consists of closer detachable or attachable binary parts «Holding body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the holding body and / or the Help body by living together or separating is changeable. 15 · Holding body according to one of the preceding claims, thereby marked, dad the expansion bodies from one behind the other arranged individual links exist and form an all-round movable association whose üelenkanf in a recess or expansion through an axially movable elongation body he follows. Act 2311 - 5 - .-he- 16ο holding body according to one of the preceding claims, daduroh characterized in that the holding body consists of several deflectable expansion bodies which can be expanded by a steering part during axial movement. 17. Holding body according to one of the preceding claims, daduroh characterized in that the steering part designed as a component part of the expansion body consists of a group of length-running individual parts, which can be provided with their own steering parts for multiple expansion. 9 09823/0673 Blank page