DE1471697A1 - Duplication process - Google Patents

Description

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Xerox Corporation, Corporation of Rochester 3, New York,

Vervie If aging process

The invention relates to methods of reproduction and in particular a method for the division of duplicates of an original with the aid of chemical reagents

The tremendous "paper warfare" ¹¹ in business and government administration today has aroused great interest in reducing the effort, time, and costs involved in making multiple duplicates of an original piece of writing using known processes. For example, it is common in Bliro operations customary to produce the desired number of copies using carbon paper. However, this not only impedes handling but maoh-fc it quite difficult to correct mistakes, because each "sheet individually needs to be improved. Next are vielt duplicators available under Use of known techniques, such as xerography, photocopying, thermal and diazo processes, a printed original or other material to reproduce · all of the ·· processes

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however, require complicated and / or expensive facilities. Less costly duplication «procedure, such as selling alcohol or using matrices, do not meet the desired properties in two respects: As the operating personnel found out, if both procedures are not clean, ink or dye often ends up on hands and clothes; also wise the copies have a very low image sharpness. The loss of sharpness in the alcohol duplication process is based on the fact that the dye is produced by the action of the solvent flows apart slightly on the copy paper. In the case of matrix replication, the smearing in the Die created the property of the die material that is necessary to allow the ink to penetrate to allow the areas covered by letters.

The less expensive duplication processes all have the property of being a kind of mother copy or die, which can be typed, handwritten or in another, the original corresponding quietly must be produced that this mother piece However, itself is not suitable as an original document. The production of such matrices usually brings all of them There are disadvantages that also occur when using carbon paper to make copies.

It has already been found that duplication processes low capacity due to the use of dye reagents and an evaporation transfer technique let simplify. This is done using

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• inte dye reagent prepared a maeohinengeeohrieben ·· document and then put the dye reagent on «In mother piece used for reproduction (transfer piece) transferred quickly and cheaply without compromising the quality of the typed original. Sas The original is therefore retained as an original document, but can be duplicated without Sohaden. In order to This eliminates the need to use τοη carbon paper and an expensive · duplication system. High resolution copies can be produced quickly, cheaply and cleanly

The object of the invention is "in a method for duplicating the two sides of an original sheet" su create. Furthermore, the invention is directed to a device for duplicating a two-sided original, which works in such a way that a two-sided copy is produced.

Further details of the invention emerge from the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it

Pig.1 a page of an original processed according to the invention

Fig.2 the second side that shown in Fig.1 Originals;

5 to 6 process steps according to the invention;

7 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention!

5 shows another embodiment of the device according to the invention.

8 0 9 9 0 1/0 UU 7 BAD original

To simplify the illustration, the invention for the case where a typewriter is used to create the original. However, this is only an application example. Within the scope of the invention, the original can be produced in many other ways.

For making a typewritten original according to the invention, the ordinary ribbon is the Typewriter replaced by a similar tape that, in addition to the usual typewriter ink, also contains a dye reagent is colored. This dye reagent that hereinafter referred to as "substance A" can be one of the numerous chemicals for which there is a reactant which forms an intensely colored substance when it reacts with substance A. The reactant is in the following referred to as "Substance B". The following is a non-exhaustive list of materials suitable as Substance A and their associated reaction partners, substances B:

Fabric A fabric B

1 pyrocatechol 1 iron salts

2 aniline 2 vanadium salts

Potassium diehromat

3 dithiooxamide 3 copper salts N-dimethyl-dithiooxamide nickel salts N, N'-bis (2-hydroethyl) cobalt salts dithiooxamide

N, N'-bis (carbo-methyl)

dithiooxamide

Other dithiooxamide derivatives

4 hydrazine 4 silver salts pyrogallol

N- (p-hydroxyphenyl) glycine
Hydroxylamine

Diaminophenol-Hyd-Tochlorid
p-methylaminophenol sulfate

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Dichlorohydroquinone thiourea chlorhydroquinone brontiydroquinone Gallic acid

Ammonium salts ammonium benzoate ammonium acetate Ammonium carbonate

Organic diazonium salts and like salts

As will be explained in the following, the material that can be written on with the ink ribbon containing a substance A. will be used to generate a mirror-image mother piece, from which then directly readable Copies can be made on paper treated with the corresponding substance B.

Fig. 1 shows the front of a document that was written with a typewriter tape, the a substance A, for example Rubean acid.

Fig. 2 shows the back of the same document, which was described in the same way. Pure the original good quality bound paper is suitable. The type of paper is not important. However, tissue paper should not Lightweight or porous paper cannot be used because there is a risk that the paper will get between the two sides a cross-connection comes about and parts of the image of the one Sheet side as "ghosts" on the wrong side of the copy paper appear·

Fig.3 shows the original document of Fig.1 and two, placed in a sleeve of the transfer material, which is shown in this figure as a folded sheet. Against

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one side 42 of the transfer piece is the back of the Original document 41 placed and the other side 43 of the transfer piece is folded over and against the front of the original. In Figure 3, the shell is made of transfer material shown as a leaflet, but it can also be a complete cover that is only open at the ends, so that the original and copy sheets can be inserted and removed. As material for the transfer piece practically any material with a smooth surface is suitable, e.g. the majority of plastics, metal foils, Glass or paper. For example, a sheet of cellulose acetate was used, and aluminum foil was used also proven to be suitable. The thickness of the transfer material a does not matter; it has been successful with 25 micron to 375 micron (1 mil to 15 mils) thick sheets worked »

Fig. 4 illustrates the first transmission stage, in which volatile chemical reagents from the original document are transferred to the transfer piece cover and on the inside 42 and 43 of the transfer piece create a mirror image. This transfer is accomplished by having two hot surfaces, for example two heated rollers 45 and 46 over which from the transfers tück sleeve and the inserted original existing pack. The heated rollers 45 and 46 included Heating elements, such as electrical resistance heaters. The heat of rollers 45 and 46 releases some of the volatile dye -Reagent between the surfaces of the original writing-

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The piece and the transfer piece cover evaporate and sublime. When it cools down, part of the chemical reagent forms on the inside of the transfer piece cover in the Configuration of the original characters. After the pack has run through the heated rollers, the original comes out of the Cover removed. There is no risk of smudging the image, as normal environmental conditions allow the Immediately cool the transfer material to a temperature at which the chemical color reagent solidifies.

A sheet of copy paper 48 (see Fig. 5) treated with a suitable substance B, i.e. with a color reactant of substance A, which was used for the original, becomes, in the same way as before the original, inserted into the transfer piece cover. Regarding the basic material there is no particular concern for the copy paper, however, the copy paper should be used on both sides, be leveled by a casein coating, for example. It has been found that an uneven surface is a relative provides a diffuse low-resolution image. The leveled copy paper is treated with a solution of substance B, which can be done either in a separate process step or by adding to the coating material. It is almost just as economical to apply the coating material and the substance B at the same time on both sides of the sheet, as only on one side. The copier paper treated on both sides causes only a small difference in cost the copy sheets treated on one side.

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The sleeve containing the treated copy sheet is then passed between the heated pods 45 and 46 as shown in Figure 6. The heated rollers 45 and 46 and two-way the same as for the process step of Pig.4. The rollers are preferably operated at temperatures between about 95 ° and 2oo ° C (2oo and 4oo ° P) and at a speed of 13 to 100 mm / sec (1/2 to .4 ' ^f ). Higher temperatures allow higher speeds, but at the same time increase the risk of noise damage or a fire in the pail.

After the sleeve with the inserted copy paper has run through the heated rollers, the copy paper becomes taken out of the case. It now has an intensely colored reproduction on both the front and the back the corresponding pages of the original. Then you can put further copy sheets one after the other in the sleeve inserted and pushed through between the rollers, ■ o that you get a MehrAl of double-sided copies.

In the last process step (Pig.6), the noise causes a certain proportion of the volatile substance A evaporates or sublimates and some of it passes over to the copy sheet, where substance A with its parbo reaction partner B comes into contact and reacts, and thereby an intensely colored »reaction product in image configuration on the copy paper is produced.

Instead of the two rotating heated rollers described above, the heat can be supplied during

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the copying process also includes two heated plates in one shape Press to be used. The paokung from the transfer piece cover and the inserted original or copy paper is placed in the press and the plates are heated folded on top of each other. After the appropriate period of time, the plates are separated and the paokung is removed from the press.

In Fig.7 is an embodiment of an automatic Machine shown for making double-sided copies of a double-sided original. A motor 52 rotates via two drive belts 53t55 two cylinders 5o, 51, which are connected to one Make contact with each other. The cylinders 50, 51 have coatings 56, 57 which cover at least part of the cylinder surface cover. The exposed surfaces of the coatings 56,57 must be hard and smooth so that they are sioh easy to clean. Polished metals, polytetrafluoroethylene or glass are suitable surfaces for this purpose. This surface layer for the cylinders 50 and 51 can also be the polished surface of the cylinder material itself be. A cleaning station is arranged on each cylinder behind the contact point of the two cylinders in the direction of rotation. The cleaning station 58 for the cylinder 5o comprises a container 6o with a solution 61 which is a solvent for substance A. Suitable solvents are alcohol, benzene acetone or the like. A rotating one Sponge or a fine brush 62 run through the solvent solution 61 as they rotate and then against the cylinder. In doing so, they wash the remaining substance A from the surface area after completing a duplication cycle

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away. Next to the rotating brush 62 is a squeeze wing 63 arranged, which serves to scrape off the solvent solution left on the cylinder from the cylinder,

6o
and sent back to the container so that a clean surface layer is available for reuse. The cylinder 51 contains an infrared heater 65 for heating the infrared radiation absorbing material passing between the cylinders to a temperature between 93 ° and 200 ° C. The cylinder 51 must be infrared-permeable in order to enable heating. A second cleaning station 66, which is similar to station 58, is arranged on cylinder 51. The apparatus further includes a compartment feed trough 67 and a collecting trough 68. A gripping member 7o is arranged on the supply trough 67, which is actuated synchronously with the rotation of the cylinders 5o and 51 and pushes the copy sheets in correctly aligned between the cylinders.

When the device is put into operation, a stack of copy sheets is placed on both sides are treated with a larb reaction partner, in the post-lift trough 67 and an original with a volatile color reagent on top of the stack. Then the Motor 52 is started and the original document is hoisted between cylinders 5o and 51 by gripping member 7o. The heat supplied by the infrared source drives some of the volatile color reagent out of the original and to the surface coatings 56 and 57 of the cylinders. Then the original runs on into the collecting trough and between the cylinders are fed pre-treated copy sheets.

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The heat supplied by the heat source 65 drives there some tone to the color reagent to the copy sheets and that in the configuration of the marks on the original; in this way reproductions are made on the copy sheets, and after the copies have been made, the cleaning stations 58 and 66 with their associated cylinders are set up brought into contact and the remaining volatile chemical reagent is wiped off the cylinders.

The device described in Pig.7 uses cylinders, the surfaces of which serve as a transfer tray for duplication. These surfaces must be cleaned every time it is a turn of a new original. A machine of somewhat simpler and less expensive construction can be built using interchangeable transfer tubes which do not require cleaning. FIG. 8 shows one such embodiment of a duplicating device which works with removable, band-shaped transfer cylinders which can be removed and replaced for each working cycle. To "am * duty cycle herein include the process of transfer of the image-forming substance from the original on the Traneferstüok and subtracting the desired number of copies of the Traneferstüok. The apparatus of the Pig.8 has two heated pinch rollers 71 and 72 from the inside located heating elements 73 and 75. The drive rollers are rotatable and mounted in contact with one another. The contact point is preferably under spring tension in order to be able to compensate for fluctuations in the material passing through between the rollers

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and 72 are driven by motor 76. At a distance of the rollers 71 and 72 are supporting rollers 77, 78 which hold the transfer pieces in the form of tapes. On the one side of the two drive rollers is a replenishment trough arranged with a gripping member 81 which introduces the papers from the feed trough between the two drive rollers. on A collecting trough 82 is attached to the other side of the drive rollers, which picks up the paper that has passed between the rolls. The gripping member 81 is synchronized with the drive rollers 71, 72 driven so that the correct position of the material, that is copied is guaranteed to the copy paper. If you operate a lever 86, the drive roller 71 is against the force of the spring 87 is withdrawn and the pinch rollers 72 and 72 are somewhat separated from each other. Then there will be two ale transfer piece serving belts in the form of endless loops over the drive rollers 71 and 72 and the associated Support rollers 77 and 78 are striped, namely the belt 83 over the drive roller 71 and the support roller 77, as well as the belt 85 via the drive roller 72 and the support roller 78. Since the belts do not have to be taut, the support rollers and 78 brought into a suitable position just enough away from the pinch rollers 71, 72 to allow an overly strong one Avoid sagging of the straps. Then a stack of carbon paper is covered with a solution of one on both sides suitable material B is treated, placed in the supply trough and on the top of the copy paper stack a two-sided original document, its labeling material contains a volatile color reagent. Then the engine becomes

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set in motion, the drive rollers 71 and 72 and the gripping member 81 are driven, so that the original document between the two bands 83 and 85 is inserted first. The heat generated by the heated pinch rollers 71 »72 from getting back to the original through the tapes, evaporates the volatile jar reagent on both sides of the original and this condenses on the adjacent parts of the ribbons. The original continues to run into the receiving tray 82, and then the copy sheets are then removed from the gripping member 81 pushed in between the two bands, which now show the volatile tarbreagens in the configuration of the characters wear the original. The heat emanating from the drive rollers 71 and 72 now vaporizes parts of the taring reagent from the Ribbons 83 and 85 serving as transfer pieces. The color reagent reacts with its Parbreaktlonpartner, the substance B, on the adjacent surfaces of each copy sheet and forms intensely colored duplicates of the original. When the desired number of copies has been peeled off, the ribbons will be 83 and 85 removed from the device. Depending on your needs, they can be thrown away or cleaned before they are reused. The device of the Tig.8 can be operated with single-use or reusable tapes · The single-use tapes are preferably made of a cheap material, such as paper, while the Reusable tapes are preferably made of a base material of good dimensional stability, such as polyethylene terephthalate, with a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene are.

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A method and a device was created in the goal-standing position described according to the invention, in which τοη Copies can be made of an original printed on both sides, which are also printed on both sides. With the same Simplicity, however, can be raw an original printed on both sides or two copies printed on one side τοη two originals printed on one side only one on both sides make a printed copy. These variations only require proper handling of the originals and the copy sheets. For the production of one-sided copies τοη an original printed on both sides must be the one described above Method are only changed to the effect that instead of a single copy sheet at the same time two Copy sheets, with the reverse side on top of each other, are inserted · to make a double-sided copy of two • To produce originals printed on the inside are the two To heat originals on top of one another with the stinging at the same time between the ribbons serving as transfer pieces. If single-sided copies are to be made from single-sided originals, then two are printed with the spine on top of each other · Originals between the transfer piece planes introduced and heated and then two copy sheets lying on top of one another with the stoop are placed between the transfer pieces pushed and heated.

In the context of the invention, the number of pieces is the manufacturable Copies not strictly limited. The maximum number is preferably 12 or less, since a higher number of Copies a large amount of Substance A in the original

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requires, as well as a more precise control of the transfer process than is otherwise necessary. For making a there are many who work economically in larger numbers Machinery. With six copies there is about one microgram of substance A, for example rubeanic acid, on the TransfeaBück proved to be advantageous for an original with average Cicero letters

According to the teaching of the invention, a given original does not necessarily have to produce only a transfer piece. As described above, a high percentage of the volatile reagent over. In some cases, however, it is desirable to make two transfer pieces, for example because of the The author and the recipient of a document both wish to make duplicates in accordance with the invention · To this The purpose of this is to allow faster transfer at a lower amount of heat or temperature to control the process in such a way that only a partial transfer of the volatile substance takes place for the first transfer piece. This leaves enough volatile reagent in the original to make another to be able to produce another transfer piece

Although the invention has been described primarily in connection with the reproduction of typewritten material, it is in no way limited thereto. Ooh handwritten material for example material written on with a pen or with a pen holder or material drawn with a machine, for example Material drawn by machine with a pen, can be used as an original for reproduction according to the invention.

BAD ORIG'NAL ,, 8 0 9 9 0 1/0 4 k 7

be used when the pencil holder or the pen sum writing used a solution that contains a dye reagent A. A usable original can also be xerographically produced from another original, which does not contain a volatile dye reagent. A xerographic copy which can be used as an original in the method according to the invention can be obtained by a substance A is added to the developer material for the xerographic image. It has been found that, for example, Rubean acid itself can serve as a suitable toner for developing an electrostatic, latent image in the xerographic process.

A heated roller or a heated cylinder was specified as the heat source in the exemplary embodiments cited. The invention is not limited to this either. Any suitable heat source that provides the necessary noise to vaporize Substance A can be used. Suitable heat sources are photo flash lamps, infrared lamps, intensive lighting lamps, hot air blowers and hot air convection generators, as well as many types of electrical heating devices. Any known device can be used to transfer the heat, such as the device known by the tradename "Thermo-Fax" (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company of St. Paul, Minnesota) and the device known ^{by the tradename "Kalfax 11 (Ealver} Corporation of Hew Orleans).

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Claims (8)

Pat ent claims 1. ) A method for reproducing an original, preferably a sheet bearing graphic characters, the characters of which are produced with a substance containing a transferable component, in application to »original sheets provided with characters on both sides, characterized in that, that each original sheet is inserted between two transfer pieces and at least part of the character-forming substance of each side of the original sheet is transferred to the adjacent transfer piece, that then the original sheet is removed and a copy sheet is inserted between the two transfer pieces in its place is that their surface bearing the characters are opposite to the copy sheet, whereupon at least part of the character-forming substance is transferred to the adjacent side of the copy sheet, and that the resulting copy, which is described on both sides of the original, is separated from the transfer pieces. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the introduction of the copy sheet between the two transfer piece surfaces, the transfer of part of the on the surface of the transfer piece adhering character-forming substance to the adjacent side of the copy sheet and the removal of the copy sheet from the transfer pieces several times with a fresh copy sheet each time is repeated. 809901 / 0U7 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Character-forming substance is a color pigment that contains a volatile dye reagent and that the copy sheet has a color reactant for this dye reagent contains. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in, that the two-fold transition of the volatile component of the character-forming substance is brought about by the supply of heat, which allows the volatile component to evaporate. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the two transfer piece surfaces are moved synchronously with each other and between the moving surfaces first the original and then the copy paper is passed through. 6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that heat is up is fed to a heating to a temperature between 93 and 200 C. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the copy sheet made up of two individual pieces, placed one against the other with the reverse side Sheets exist, which can be separated after the copying process and then deliver two sheets, each with a one-sided reproduction. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the original of two individual pieces, one on top of the other, with the reverse side Pages that are only available on the * - reversed side carry an image to be reproduced. 809901 / OAA7