DE1471072A1 - Expanding and shrinkage-compensating cement - Google Patents

Description

DT. Expl.

ILSE SCHU8.ZE

Potanfonwflltin C1.5 F.rn £ predw 22554 14710/2

My Σ · *** «·

GHHttOAIWr HBBJEBBfifflB »G0H0BS! ES ÖOBF., 14656 pushes, TTaa Hey ·, California, ϋ · β.Α.

«A *

Di © Srfindisas b «ta? If £ t hy ^ raullscH * Saamt ·

the UM evangelize Pafnt. · K 47 94-9 irib / 80b) let «in Äea« Q ^ besohrie ^ ea, the «as e» ri »» Uch «Portlaad ^ ÄBeat-Ka ^ oxuint · (a)« ad »* _Rw4w Kcaponent. Cb) exists. Di · «KhHt« υ »e ^ aef η Φ · !! eia stable

SO ₃ ** »°» ^eiaee

90% | t _: Θ - / ^ & Λ: 'Ο pAD ORIGINAL

or Koaplexes sit extractable lime (OaO) and extractable anhydrous C & lciuasulfa ^ (CaSO ₄ ), the extarMable lime is determined according to dea Vox by ASfH 0114-58 and the associated anhydrous calcium sulfate according to the Foraen method, as determined by Hanab * »Amended and in AG, I. Journal, Volume 31 »No. 7, Jsnusr 1960, published under dea! Eitel "D of Calc & in SuIf oaluminab in Csment Paste by OJracer iS; In the specific embodiments of the invention described in the application, the oapandiarande component (b) ala a separate clinker is produced by a Mixture of solid materials (for example limestone, plaster of paris and bauxite) is formed "which results in the oxides OsO, EO. And Al ₅ O _5. " The proportions are so divided that by suitable firing a complex or a a stable calcine material »1

. Ώ & 3 Geid.ßcii is fired at a corresponding temperature, about 1371 ⁰ Ci (25CO ⁰ S ¹ ) · Itex thus obtained »ground clinker and old of the Portland * eaent component (b) germischb, öler diosor expanding clinker and Portlandaamant * KTLirJcsr are mixed together. In Redest case, the execution form mentioned in accordance with the invention is followed by an aachaaisehu mixture, in which separate particles (a) of portaceaent and separate toilet (b) of expanding component are present ) and (b) either Cl) the steaming ■ compensated (ie <die fl ^ h *** «* ^Mi ? g * M ^ p * nf« »~» «{pwn ,, dl« wShread of drying and / or Hardening of the concrete occur

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partially or partially balanced by the compressive stresses, formed by the back pressure of the expansion thanks to Cb)); or (2) a final expansion occurs which, under counter pressure, is sufficient to maintain a relatively high degree

develop the concrete

Such properties are sweckmasslg to. Bite formation in Preventing concrete by shrinkage during drying su or preventing it »or in order to bring about prestressing of the reinforcement due to the expansion of the concrete su * Ss is assumed that see the following process taking place s A concrete slab, for example a concrete paving, is used as the basis. For the sake of simplicity, it is also assumed that the slab does not contain any reinforcement steel. ! Crotsdem are both expansion as well as contraction of the slab inhibited to a certain extent by the subsurface, (reinforcement bar !, shapes, etc. exert counter pressure where they are present) · Venn themselves If the plate expands, counter pressure counteracts the expansion and causes compressive stress in the concrete, the size of which is the The final expansion formed and the degree of the counterpressure corresponds. When the plate shrinks, it resists Counter-pressure to the visual wound and builds up a tensile stress in the concrete, the size of which corresponds to the shrinkage caused and the degree

of the back pressure corresponds to · Ea it is now assumed that a the end-

/ Reaching Hange expanding component Cb) to which Portland cement has been added Coder is included in Portland cement) to produce a

BAD ORlGWAt 10/0510.

"Initial expansion of the concrete slab before the occurrence of the Sroekaung" Cause loss. In this way a compressive stress is created, the magnitude of which is given for a given concrete Counterpressure varies with the size of the expansion, whereby such tension counteracts the counterpressure of the subsoil ** gesetxt is directed "through subsequent drying 3chvm ^ l this compressive stress can be relieved «but if the compressive stress is not completely relaxed» remains the · Plate under pressure and there will be no ice formations due to drying shrinkage, since no end « shrinkage and no tensile stress occurs »Venn der Xroeknungs * shrinkage corresponds exactly to the initial net expansion, there will be no tensile stress under counter pressure and thus no cracking due to drying shrinkage «Even if the subsequent loss of desiccation, the early expansion exceeds «but this shrinkage is small and the resulting tensile stress is small and the tensile stress of the concrete slab does not exceed, no (or very little) ice formation will occur

It can be seen that by applying an appropriate amount of expanding component with portland cement a Concrete can be produced in which the shrinkage is balanced (i.e. a concrete which has no or very few Shows reams from winds of sight). Or it can, fells it is desirable to produce a concrete which has a certain expansion and is therefore subject to sufficient and sweck * ·

“Al? t '';! '■

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massive counterpressure a concrete is old internal stress.

It 1st an object of the invention, "a path s & t'i & are created with the aid of the 2eaent2U3ammenset2tmgen, both for concrete, in which the shrinkage ai & sgegliehexi. is «as well as for prestressed expanding concrete screeds, without it being necessary to produce a © bestiüsite de component (b), which is then scorched or ground with salt landsement (a).

One manufacturing method and one manufactured according to dieaeta End product that fulfill the stated task the following advantages:

If a cement of the type described is produced as a mixture of Portland cement and expanding additives, giving the mixture expanding or shrinking properties, additional operating facilities must be created to produce the expanding seed, or the normal operation of a Portland cement plant must under * »Broehen or vroa. Time to be modified to accommodate the formation of the expanding. Enable component see below · By producing the desired end product without the need to form a specific additive, this difficulty is essentially eliminated .

Also by choosing the raw materials and a process see below their processing, which leads to the desired end product, (namely a modified, portlaxsd-like cement raw mixture,

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that is able to form concrete * at which the shrinkage balanced odor that is biased, v / ground the Erobiene boia dropping off the quantities and? einh @ it an accessory ait different Portland seconds. So E.B. the Amount of the expanding component that will be produced in EUff for example «insu shrinkage-compensated-a concrete according to the ■ different approaches to the thin portland elements

Likewise, the optimal delicacy of the addition «fcf! with de? Delicacy of the PortXand £ (saeate8 variiereo and rtie delicacy of the Poirfcian & reaejxtes turn kana von Hühlö «ii coolness and je n & oh the AS'ÜM-Zeaie.Titart Tariieren« Äödera advantages are evident from && t following description,

found that a clinker can be made wwp & esn, the both

(a) PortI * ndxeii9iit ~ like city seeds, wl © 2? ricalcium « silicate and / or dicalcium enamel in such amounts, the sufficient amount of clinker (if properly ground) A hydraulic cement to form the old a Portland-like Zeaent Terglelchbar let as well

(b) a Calcium Alnmin1 xntttal Fat-Systea or -ioaplex, which has the property and is present in such slopes that the concrete produced from the cement either has shrinkage compensation or is expanding, and depending on the proportions of (a) and (b) "If a solid clinker is ground in the usual way to a purity that is at the same time as that of the typical Portland cement"

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> ORIGINAL BATHROOM

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every particle both component (a) and component Cb) ia de »same general ratio as all other particles · This can be proven and the cement can be differentiated τοη mechanical mixtures of (a) and Cb) by known methods such as Examination of a petrography microscope (which reveals the similarity or dissimilarity of the particles), version dee B Pff ^ fii wici nd ft Xftff, by persistence

Treatment and centrifugation in a heavy liquid with a density between that of the well-known Portlandaementsusaaejeneetsungen (a) (typically about 5.2) and the expanding coaponents (b) (typically about 2.8) "

Of course, the addition of a separately prepared expanding component (s «B * of the Galciumaluminiumeulfat-Xomplexes geales of the previous disclosure E 47 9 * 9) see here complete or homogeneous cement described cannot be ruled out pointed out dme «the Sugabe dee full or homogeneous cement and ordinary Portland cement is possible, around the drying shrinkage of the concrete su Terringern or out! · switch on or form a pre-stressed concrete su *

According to the invention, a clinker is produced, which in its composition (a) one or more portland cements "- contains species, which are predominantly sioalcium silicate ^ jCbaO) « or 0χ8 according to the Portem «4romenklatur7 and / or

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«· B -

Sicaldum silicate / (CaO) ₂ SiO ₂ or O ₃ S? these compounds being present in an amount sufficient; Among other things, to give the clinker, if it is ground appropriately, hydraulic properties which are typical of Portland cement; and

(b) a stable calcium _{aluminum sulphate (CaO) 4} (AIgO,), 80 ^ / 04 A, S in the portlendsement "Hoffienfclatur7, these components being present in considerable quantities

Vegetables of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Portlandseaent additives (a) have little ΟχΑ (3ricalcium ~ aluminate) and the expanding component (b) contains sufficient extractable lime (which can be extracted according to the AS3H 0114-58 process) and CaSO ₄ . It is assumed that this complex (O ₄ A, S ♦ extoluble lime (c) and anhydrous calcium sulphate (CS)) gives the cement its expanding properties. Bo is published in "Journal of Applied Chemistry, September 1963, Volume 12, pp. 415-417" by Halstead and Moore, in an essay "She Composition and Crystallography ot an Anhydrous Calcium Aluminosulphate Occurring in Expand tng Ceaeuc" 417 »stated that the unstable composition 4CaO, 3Al ₂ Oz, SO. (A * _C4. 5) "more aluminum than is required for all" calcium-sulfo-aluminate hydrate · and therefore requires both susfit * Lich lime and sue & tslioh SO * for the entire utilization of its Kxpaasionspot "ntials. ^W

8AD ORiGtNAL 9 0 9810/051 θ

Therefore, in order to achieve els * maximum © Fote & tialexpansioa su, nuts Haagen. Lime and calcium sulphate are present

Present τοη Galeliimalumiaiuiisuirat in KLix & he without

«Ad oalciussmlfat is, however, swac & ss & saig, because of this an asänello? "£ tai; i? ie £ Lu £ g of dar · St & rfne dea from de" cement

Batons "follow" Or would like the Heaitionsteildia To form, aino lower BroimtoEpurature

der H «? r8telVassß des Slinlcere oK & Öglicb.« a. Foraer allows auct. de? Inclusion of the? 3eateii & t «il-a in the Eofegöai3cli, the su

"Ngesatat" a good selection

Rohaatariftlien, s "B * SahJtÄolin or strongly aluminum" containing Mongol "Also threatening. f5ahlön oines such clinker (the G & lciuaalmlaiuffisuliTat but Scalaßn s & ugohoxdgen contains lime and fine ÄXuaiaiiaasulfat) with baiopielswoiae 5 "159 ^ öips» 2cUnzien. the espasdleseaSeu own ^ ciiafteaa dr9iifoloretat will be released ^ he both calcium sulfate (sugesetst as gypsum) and saxsh EaIk (supplied by the B ^ dratieleruag of

Hinkor (»iod amx · rollatestand or

honogen @ 2eae & t «which is formed by duroh ilahlen dos Xli & karäl) hlanic & tllch OUio

ein * n, v / eiten Ber «ielk and uafasot © inen 21ini: * r» der an «aoktliche Hsaee (* .B. 10% or B» hr) aaO ^ JL S with woaig or köin · »lime (OaD) and / or he little; or keii> ea vaeeeiv free OaLciueeulfat has soul · eizten 3CLiaker _t der

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contains enough EaIk and anhydrous calcium sulfate in the total expansion potential of CaloiuBwiiimtnii uiaeulfat sy. achieve*

In order to produce a clinker according to the invention, a mixture of a galcium oxide source (O) ₉ silicon source (3) an aluaini12mq.1a.elle (A) umd ei & eii? SOx "source _produced% (3) in a kiln, such as the conventional production of Portlaodsemeatklinkes ?," but hei lower a bit! Temperate, as no more than about 1,595 ° Q (290G ⁰ F). Suitable is lime (ala Quell® for C), gypsum (as a source for 0 and kaolin (as a source for Aluoiaium A and Silialum S) ₁ , Oxyd Citato «) is generally present as an impurity in the raw materials. Additional iron oxide can be added to reduce the amount of O ^ A. Ea also silicified limestone (a source for both Q and S), aluminous chalk (a source for both 0 and A), silisiuahaltigdr Bauacit (a source for S and A), and aluainiushalfciger Hergel (a source for A and in Correct combinations and proportions are mixed, such mixtures are burned at temperatures to cause an incipient smear or to approach it, ie sufficient temperatures to form the desired combinations (the calcium ailics and calcium aluminum sulfate).

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A (ftelchung & eyaten sbsfleitet (which is irerglelchbar with the well-known. Bogue equations, which are applicable to the usual PortlaMa "" ent) _t which enables a "kit good ibmSherusgsergebnls, the Zueftmaensetsung the blinkers do calculate" related & ui the Ch ^ ydYörbindwjig the Äofgan ^ s * aaterialien · Kit using this equation © !! _t was found that FegOx Uird aiifgenoKHen as a Ferritpbass (J in the usual nomenclature?), probably G ^ a ^ F "due to the high

of the clinker * £ s vnirdo also oinfe

Goaauigkeit ersielt άτη? Ο1ι off of ffiO ^ (if any) from dei & Aluainiim (with && Λ closed it usually is) "kat this basis, the equations are folgtι

U) (^ I ₂ F * 4.39 F

(2) O ₄ A ₃ S * 2 * Q0ÜL - 2.56V

(3) 03 - 1.70 5 - 0.451 ♦ Ο.57Ϊ

«Octrahbarenea OaO (Og) - by th AQTtI

'Procedure found

ν «extractableo CaO

Xosplex or System - l.?0 8 4- 1.55A - 200

Hetto OaO ( ^σ _ηβ ^^ »^ * ^{3 for the} formation of C ₅ S and available with Slllsiua becomes old of the following

(in the O ^ otal ^dAa eeeaiitw OaO is “how ea is determined by or dxKroh R1 Irtnng dea Hohgealachea) i

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The ratios of C * S are 0 ^ 8 alad then by the following Equations given!

(7) OjS »* .O? Q _n ^ ~ 7.60 S.

(8) O ₂ S »2.87 S - 0.75

It is pointed out that these equations (as well as the Bogue equations) are aiming concepts and that the analysis of the inventive conception is influenced by different tactories . EioBöhlieselich from this and d © a kengen der Vesnmroinigungen and den But in any case every fartdJcelchdn des

r3 (a) one or more calcium silicates like them vosih & sdea aisd, usd sirar in one

Haage, um oiaen b ^ drauliechen cement zn. form, and Cb) a considerable amount of Oalciuasulfa & luEinat, && a ix *, the preferred embodiment of the ErfiMimg of sufficient slopes EaUc ujod CaSO ^ accompanied by enough elasticity to compensate for the loss of calcium sulfate or

and evoke a final expansion

Typisclie cements ä »r present Erf iadune lie in the following range of Zusaoaensetsungena

Table I.

Amount of CChn

C3

Prevented ^ p

Above

10-90

10-90

₅ ♦ O ₂ S
Ferrite phase (most likely QgA ₂ P ^οάβΓ ^ 6 ^ 2 ^ 0-20

10 - 50

50-90

0-20

ty> iiU \

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BATH ORIGINAL

Venn OJk. not nail is aass Sabelle X be tested as follows:

IF

(ψ

10-90 10 * 90 to SU about

0-X5

10-50 50 «90 to about 5 below 0-15

The following specific examples are intended for further use To serve the purpose of the invention »

Raw materials wavea chalk (Whitijoe grade ealeimi, very r «iJQ« r (Jips, very pure kaolin ₉

veiiies SL§eBO3 ^ f & »deafen analyzes in the following

fabeile XX as Qevi «) atejsro« duck xaA la fcitsten SHistaad slaftt

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oxide

üfebelj. «H

Slllsiu * kaolin dips

0.9 98 Λ 53.2 SiO ₂ 0.3 46.3 AIwO _x 0.3 F # mO] | 97.6 GaO 0.9 KgO

111% "*

Best fabrics

$ liünre # lttet | v who does that? for

the Olühmuetaad

Bite

1.9

100.0

41.0

0.5

58.5 0.5

0.3 * 14> 00 19.80 0.00

Ia d # & in'Sabell · ΣΧΣ

lohgfiad ^ JlMisfgttant · !! · »SoKteei ·

plaster 59.09

2.53 22.19 13.76

1.63

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$ AD ORIGINAL

Bas egg oxide was added in close proximity to that is comparable to that which is introduced as contamination by common technical raw materials «

This mixture was ground to a degree of purity 80 % finer than a standard Kr »325 sieve and was then mixed with water and to a thickness of about 0.635 cm (1/4 inch) and 5 x 08 cm square (2 inches square) shaped. These searches were fired in a globar ~ £ lefctra ~ furnace at 1454 ⁰ O (2650 ⁰ F). The calculated and actual (determined by analysis) oxo compounds of the horned mixture or clinker were as follows:

ffahel ^ e, IY

Actual oxide compound calculated after firing at 1454 ° C potential ⁽⁰ 2650 S) in connection Oxvd

Loss on ignition

AT women and
indefinite substances

total

19.0 18.6 13.1 13.0 2.5 2.2 55.1 54.9 0.5 0.9 9.5 9.3 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.5 100.0 100.0 909810/0510

H71072

!! table IV

Calculated »otential

actual xy after burning at (2650 °.?) Im

Found esdirachable Gs-Q (ABIfL 0144-48

GaSQ ^ (eroittelt; nach.'der Fo3? S @ a «· Ifetlio & e according to ifeb

0.5

see “Δ” C- · ϊ ο Journal “ Bond 31, Ν? Jamie? 1960

2.8

The same raw material öx-dalien T & wtmfidfe as in B ": -. Öi:"; 'e 1, However in the H @ ngenv (> rMltnl »s € n as shown in Table ¥ applied are:

limestone 6 ^ .32 Silicon 1 "81 kaolin 18.71 plaster 13.5S Ferric oxide 1.60

This mixture was followed as in Example 1, with the exception that it was divided and a relatively small amount in a Globar electric oven at 1370 ⁰ G (2500 ⁰ F) and a larger amount in a rotary kiln 137O ⁰ C (25OO ⁰ ?) Was burned. The calculated and determined OjgrdzueaiHtiäsetsungea of the clinker were as follows:

BAD OHiQiNAl.

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oxide

SiO.

Calculated potential

setting

15.9 11 »5

0.5

Azalia and unaffected · » sti & ate fabrics

total

determined
extractable
GaO (ASSS 0144-58)

Indeed ©
sat & ungen after the era at 1570 ° E (25CO ⁰ F) la

15.6

6t) .2

0-9

1.4

^f K-2 0.6

0..9

10.8

Reference is made to Tables XV and VI; the free calcium sulfate was determined by the Forsen method using saturated lime water, as described in the AOI Journal "Volume 31" January 1960. The extractable GaO and all other oxides present were determined in accordance with ASTH G144-5S specifications for Portland cement analyzes. However, the "]? Ora" ⁿ ~ yert for CaSO ^ is not a measure of the whole

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available CaSO ^, i.e. it is aeiir GaSO ^ ia .2ei & exrt included * that for dlo connection aiä ßeia excess ©! * in G ^ Jl ₇ E vsrX% ^ ar iet ₉ us ifeitör © Espaasion su

At Aawsadiuag the oboZtgensumtAU have equal gea (1) "to (β) the concept of the example® 1 iirid 2 following anal yes en:

Saisente after Zostente after

the ferrite case) 10.1 - 8.8

sulfate) 19.5

OS 11.5 12.1

Vn V o.e.tiX ttXlXoJ / tföSXrWJ. ZUXJL A. η

0.5 8.9

OjS 11.9 27.9

O ₂ S * & Λ 25.7

iSiOg + KgO ♦ Alkalis

f * indefinite fabrics

GessjKt 100.0

Overall

O ^ A ₅ S ♦ CS + Og) 51.5 57-7

This example · show that a weeentlloh »crowd eatpaadiorenden OalclnMftiTigii τιΐ uwm ^ lfat-goaplexee la 2fe * «at <formed wiM, but that the Zusaaeencetaung dee

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Clinker (excluding calcium aluminum sulphate * Complex) typical for PortlaM2ement «2hi3am®iiÄetsuagen ssln. can, over the entire range of proportions Clay OaS and OgS in portland cement »like him in the whole World is made.

Clinker bricks made in the Globar «electric furnace were used. A Kenge of the clinker according to Example 1 and one Amount of clinker according to Example 2 were separated into one Ball mill ground "to a degree of purity of 3100 cm per gram, as by the air permeability method ASXH 0204-55 measured »Ss were milled from each of these Klinker Betongeaiech © produced as follows}

7 bags of ground clinker per 0 »? 8r (cubic yard) Concrete (no plaster of paris was added during grinding)

The ratio of water to ground clinker is 0.385, based on weight

Ss was a mixture of Ortand and river gravel as Aggregate used and had a maximum size of 1.905 cm (3/4-inch) "

The sand made 40 percent _e% of the total additive ·

For these types of concrete bars gegeoseen "were of 5" 08 and 5 '08 had cm (2 inches by 2 inches) and a length of 30.48 cm (12 inches) a cross section. Each ingot was attached to two

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provided with measuring points on opposite surfaces »called Eis © Hessläage from 25 _t 40 an (10 inches) nm. ae & affszi wsiö. üessmsgfe siit © ines * Hhittemörs ^ hatred of axial LangesHsder ^ täg '* su g © * »equip *

All JRi? Öbsn were cured in the lever at 21 ° O (? O ° F) and a 100% relative humidity © 1i _e xsä. ? T & qb wxs.

Banaeh vnirde diö HiXft © a ^ © d © n Ps? O "öen3atsas at 21 ° 0 (70 ⁰ F) and a relative humidity of bis other half was the same MirtnÄa (fog j 21 ° G / 70 ° P /, iOC ^ relative humidity) as the first 7 sag ©

Bie results are in the? "böige.Addfe © n Seielinu2ag In this bar position d3«% absciss © ii indicate the age before pouring and the ordination dia Espansion or Sefewinäains in Beosenfc © n. It is a zero ~ Lin ± e © ing © 2 @ iebj3. et ₉ which indicate the length of the Bax * 2? @ns at the beginning of the hardening "Pimkt © half of this line indicate the expansion" v # ahrsnd Piiöt miteriialb show the visual swirl ^ Di © lurr® A shows the holding of the bars " but tinter equally ₉ dung wTo manufactured by ordinary portland cement, eno the curve B shows the behavior of the billet ", the accordance of the cement sample i (verhältnismäs3ig high Q ^ S-Gehait had been prepared," the continuous © Linie.der curve B _s the right of the 7-day .fli> äaissö5 © f ludet _t corresponds to the ffiirten at 5OS6 relative humidity and 31 ° ö (tO ^0?) "the

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feil dsl 'curve B corresponds to & Q2-Härtimg ia M «feel at 21 ° 0 (70 ° F) and 100 & relative humidity l & saltm Sie Kuevö ο seigt the behavior of the ingots, which with Glol> a ^ - g © l> ranntea cement according to Bsiapiel 2 (relatively high ÖJEMI content). ¥ ie in the case of the Etiirre B eats the perseverance ⁵ I ¹ ^ iI the Emrtre smelled the horse. the T ^ aga-ÄT ^ isas the hardening, at '«21 ° δ (? 0 ° P) raid 5 (^ 4 relative * humidity without lever, trueead the gs« stricfeölte Binie the kos.tinui © rlichea HSrt © a 21 ° 0 (70 ° F) ia n & te & l b © l IQQfr velatlvec Veuehti ^ ceit «» .tspMciri; · ss will sa / sit. Daraisf finely pointed that & ös? Scale. For surfing k WC & B left and the one for the curve B right liegoa ».. '

How oböii was carried out vrälirejid of grinding ksla plaster to dö »K.iia & er gee & ss Example 5 sugaeetst * The Bs & euit ^ g; this MaesnafcEto is rolgen &o; Ortlacdsemeot When Eerotellung of X ^, it is common waisrend dea Hahlens dee clinker about 5% gypsum 2usa3 "t £ em ₉ 4p as Veraögaror uirkto _e allows the Seaient is vordünat 9% · It tmrde nungiehr gefuodea, adding daaa of gypsum as Versi% srer for the orf Induagsgemassexi Zeaentarten is not required. This therefore means "inen another advantage aes Zaaeate gsmasa the invention, but it may be orv / ünacht, plaster round from other (!, Aldo not because Versögerongc 3SttaaütfHs @ a, by example," ine opti sale Font role in the Öruckfestlgkeit, the Trodomagaacliwundes or ExpanBionspotentifila achieve zn *

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Dor ZoiLsi'.t ße & ä33 Example 1 onthait as the Cale.tüiä3ilikat <vox wiegand Betn ~ 3iealc.iuzisil.ikat, while the Samento

Example 2 rather equal proportions of iron Trisalciumailikai; and beta-bio-aleiurasilicate. It became göi * un & ö » ₄ ilasa by raising dös Asitoilöö from Sbcisalciurasililcöi; in the merin. besclreiebiuien geseatart (d * Jb .. ®in Seaai? .t _s the Galciuri-Rlnraj niunsulfafe as arpazidieresdes IBLttel contains) the grosso of the expansion and also the degree of the expansion orhökfc willji In the following 2? abolle VIII are dl © calculated. Gawichtaan "parts of the constituent parts are approached; * the sur Ha.rsi; ellunß of one

suitable boiled, the exxtvjedor two. Shrinkage compensation, or used in tensioned cements, depending on the concentration of the mixture in the types of concrete

Tabel

72.0

Kaolin 15.0

Plaster IX » 5

Egg oxide 1 .5

have shown that a genaaa of the here, be

The sea duck made from such a region of Hohmatarialia has a patented definition in Table IX and a potential composition of the compound as shown in Table X.

“AD ORIGINAL

U71072

GaO MgD SO ₃

Alkalis νι ^η & indeterminate substances

11.2 9.5 2.5

67.7 0.6 8.4

0.4 100.0

link

(most likely combination of Perritpliaae)

Oy ₁ A _x S

(extralatable EaUc ₉ ASSM

0144-58)

O ₃ SO ₂ S

₂ MgO + alkalis + GlUhverluat + xuibeatiMite substances Geaaster expanding Gevjichta 9 &

11 0 12.0

11 6

21.7

42.6

little or none

909810/05

Ια the above examples "ursn the shaft material ratio" aSas.ig pure * So wuxda high quality IaIJc (SchlSsaskraide / Whiting rade /) ale öalciiinoj ^ vdquelle, high quality kaolin, oils aluminum "and Sllisiuaquelle and high quality gypsum as SO, - and" usätslicho Calciuacxy used·

It was also quality EiaeaoSTd sur Be & uktion des C, A-Gefcalte3 EUge33trt, uai © in sintering at lower 3Pe "ratios" to era3glicli "n and Eisenoaydv ^ raiireinigaisoen in tecKaiscIien Εοίι-to pretend. - ■ * ■ ■ '

Ka is not necessary, eo high-value components seq. 3cßna. beiepielöwaiae an Ealfcstoin containing silisius

be » thaws both CsUGlumGosgu. ale also form S5.11siumoaE ^ d «u; Alloy chalk, siliceous bauxite, and marl can serve to form two or more of the essential oxides. Thus, "i" iii ninvihai i: ig * Xreide provides both aluminum and CaLod-amojqrd; eillsiutfialtiger bauxite lleiert aowchl Siliziuo- as auoh ^A 1 ^ ffn1ri1'n '! ^^ yflt. Sa is doing; s "leisurely" in advantage of the present £ r £ ijaiiiag "daae Sohaaterialien used uferden k5nnen _t * n off of, THALT" IETF Vertu * · * rinigungan in Eeretellung A & a Icaaventlonellca Portland '' xementoe s is not usable are. r

Ee tnirde according to the invention a Seaent gaschafr ^ n, the aidb. This kenasiehnet »the & ss dor clinker» from which the cement produced by grinding in the earth ”and each considerable Kengenanteli © of (a) a «· od« r -Ττττιπ

90δδίΟ / 0510

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“AD ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

U71072 a t e η t a η gg ar ic Ii e * t # SiSA ZeiientzusaanLensetsung the iaodifisiert ^ hydraulic portland cement kind, either in Pona a clinker or in? ora a Jfein distribute * © »Hasse ₉ which is made by the choice of the! linker, d ad urc Ji marked that the Kl inter or the PaitikelcJien. from (a) a considerable proportion of one or more silicates » as they are in the Pcrtlan & aeaomt and the ^ eh & ften of a hy & raaXlso & eei and a considerable Amtöil eii?. «3 Sulfates are made » The silicate or sllifeats are sulphate as separate eggs in the. HiBk © r $ md by grinding the particles formed 2 · ZeMentsusaasmenaetsung aach Anspsuclji i, thereby that the OffT fff ^ ^^ T n wl n i'f v ^^ iiTl • ft * · ^ stisaiasen ait? @ 3 »ηβ3? Sufficient amount of CaO ₉ that can be extracted by the method τοη ASSK 0144 * 58, and CaSO ₂ ^ is present * in order to achieve a sufficient expansion of the Q ^ ^> l <^> - ^^ * f ⁿ T ^Tt> * ^ ^y> ^^ through hydration w ^(M iT T * Hr su cause » 3 · ZettentsusaMaensetsung according to claim 1 and 2 ₉ 'characterized in that the ratio -of (b) and (a) is chosen 1st "that the Srocknungsscniirand of TerMisenen by the Zeatentes 309810/0510 Afistaanicii % are B * ieR * SMBPi ^ ReB ^ P®f "Sr ShSssHsf ^ λκρ! Galclura silicate or silicate 2eaentausama © nfiö1tzu3ig iotsck one of the requirements 3 _# dadureh. gekenMOichnet that dig> Silicates are partially or through aluminates e? Pet> nt * ur previous 0 of a cement after a » »Characterized by a Mixture auT «in» 5e »p« i «itur viird that as BATH ORIGINAL faf iti «f ^ 3 ifaa» "! '■ fft'fe · au form» WfäS. aiiBChlieSS © li & das © & * · * hitxfce Prod'xld; * cooled; and ice. "TOSjueaai is formed and this is paid. - _; -. _Ν ·. ₍ ... _R _ _c; . _; ., - ..,., -, .- -., .."·> ■ ":., .?.-... ■ / ■ · ■■ - ■.:. β. Yerish after. Claim. ?, daduireh gökeimaeiclaiiQöi that äke limestone, aadem Jbrten By Oalciuacarbonaijj , Bauxite, kaolin, gypsum, silicon, siliaiiirahaltigeiQ siXLsiuahaXijigea and marl manufactured t.drd, these materials being OaO _ft Al ₂ Ox, 80 * wa & 0iOg liejfera, «a Oalciuia ^ ilikate and 9- method according to claim? and 8 "characterized in that the ilengönanteile dei ^j gewShlten KatörialieiL so GeV / ählt sisd ₉ that, when ^ rhitasn in dey ^ saunten Weis ©« indesl;. © ns one of said Galciurasilikato "i5dL (GAGs) ^ (Al ₂ O ^) χ iiod considerable H © 33sg®n voo. CaO mud formed ~ 9 0 9 8 1 ^{0/0 5 1 0 6} ^ ^{0 0RlGlNAt}