DE1435210A1 - Knotless network and means for producing the same - Google Patents

Description

iDstitut for Deep Sea Fisheries Rostock, January 29th

UBd fish processing

Rostock-Marienehe 1435210

Knotlosa's network and equipment for making it

The invention relates to a knotless network and Facilities for the production of the same.

There are already known knotless baits in which the legs of the net made of two strands of thread twisted together exist. The connection between the legs of the net to form the net mesh takes place in such a way that the net legs penetrate one another.

Depending on the manufacturing process, single or multiple penetrations of the mesh legs are used. With single penetration, the thread runs diagonally and with double penetration it becomes zig-kack-shaped Reached the thread path in the network. With all types of penetration, the twisted legs of the net are used twisted together by coil carriers rotating on circular paths. Nets with a diagonal thread course and easier Penetration is created by the fact that the coil carriers are lined up on circular paths to the (respective neighboring Change the twisting point.

In contrast to this, the nets are produced with zigzag each thread course and double penetration in the following art

The coil carriers are laid side by side in a variety Units of three circular orbits each moved, -wherein

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Half of the units each on a fixed standing and the other are arranged on a sliding table top. Because of the back and forth to the side. If the movable table top is moved backwards, the coil carriers migrate to penetration into the adjacent inputs' called · Should a multiple penetration take place, so the operations of single or double penetration are repeated more often in the appropriate manner.

The common disadvantages of these knotless nets are that the individual threads are twisted to form a strand of yarn and two strands of yarn are twisted to form the twisted leg of the net. _: A highly twisted thread is required so that the legs of the net do not slip when they are simply penetrated at the connection point. With increasing twist, however, the strength, especially in the case of man-made fibers, is greatly reduced. In order to obtain nets with reduced rotation and a non-slip connection between the legs of the net, two or more penetrations are required. With these penetrations there is an unfavorable course of force in the connection points, namely with the double penetration through the zigzag thread course and with the multiple penetration through the long connection point. Another disadvantage of the long connection point is the increased material content of this connection point and consequently the greater weight of the nets. Furthermore, nets with a large leg diameter cannot be produced because the twist lost when twisting out cannot be replaced to the required extent.

Another knotless net with twisted net legs from two strands of thread is like this at the junction formed that a straight line crossing at right angles

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The thread runs, whereby the net meshes are square Have shapes. The strands of thread are crossed over at the connection point in the manner of an "eight" (In each case at least one of the threads of a strand of thread running perpendicular to it is through the two eyelets of the formed "eight" passed through ·

This type of penetration results in a non-slip Site of the connection points of the network. The disadvantage of these networks is that their production causes technical difficulties, which is the complicated type the penetration is justified.

Knotless nets with twisted net legs made of three strands of thread are also known. Here, the legs of the net penetrate each other in a similar way to Nets made from two strands of thread. The strength of three twisted strands of thread is compared to two twisted strands Strands of thread larger with the same twist diameter. However, the disadvantage of this network is also the difficult one Making the connection points.

Furthermore, knotless networks can also be used in this way produce that a strand of thread is continuously entwined with itself to form the network leg. You can work in threads that run lengthways through the loops. Either all or only some of the threads are at the connection point of the net handles involved. Depending on the required non-slip fit of the connection point, it is made longer or shorter.

The disadvantages of these nets are their lower durability. Due to the loop formation in the leg of the net the strength of the threads is reduced under tensile stress. Furthermore occurs with abrasion and If the thread breaks, the loops will come undone.

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Knotted nets are known for improvement the durability of the net legs from at least three Braided strands of thread. The rotation of the single strings and twisting of the thread strands can be reduced to a minimum. This maintains the strength of the threads largely preserved. These net legs point also has a high level of wear and scuff resistance, because the strands of thread hold each other and not. can turn up.

The main disadvantage of these networks is that the legs of the net are knotted together. The knot connection ensures the good strength of the braided Net legs greatly reduced and the weight of the nets significantly increased.

The invention is now based on the problem of the disadvantages to eliminate the known knotless nets and the disadvantages of the knotted nets with braided legs and to create a knotless type of mesh in which the Mesh legs are braided and the connection of the mesh legs is knotless.

A further object of the invention is to create a device with which these networks can be machined can be produced.

achieved

According to the invention, this is made possible by the fact that in known tfeise from at least three strands of thread braided net legs are connected to one another without knots that all or a part of the thread strands of a net leg individually or in groups with constant top and bottom spatial Crossing individual or multiple strands of thread from the other Mesh leg merge into the adjoining mesh leg and participate in its braiding.

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Furthermore, this is achieved by the fact that the individual Change strands of thread one after the other or at the same time crossing over into the neighboring net leg one or more times and that the strands of thread flowed over and under in a helical manner at the junction of the nets or braided in parallel planes. .

The execution for the machine production of the net is constructed in such a way that the bobbin support and thread guide elements a variety of adjacent known braiding units, e.g. B. over known points, Block or switch to adjacent braiding units by moving braided strips.

In principle, this can be done in that each of the two well-known intersecting eight-shaped mountain lanes a braiding unit via control elements that open and close according to a braiding program, each with one of the same type Braided path of the neighboring braiding unit are connected UjQd that the neighboring braiding units in the braiding sequence lead or lag a fraction of a partial step.

Furthermore, the device can be constructed in such a way that the braiding units consist of planes that are perpendicular to one another oscillating bobbin carriers or thread guides exist and that the bobbin carriers and / or the thread guides when Braiding the connection of the legs of the net after a Braiding program can be moved one or more times into the neighboring braiding units »

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Furthermore, there is the possibility that the braiding units have both SUS oscillating and revolving bobbin carriers. and thread guide elements are made, which glue braiding the connection of the net legs into the adjacent braiding units are displaceable and / or switch to these via controls.

The network according to the invention is characterized in that By interweaving the threads, especially in the case of man-made fibers, the strength of the material is optimally used will. Because the braided strands of thread are significantly less twisted than twisted ones and because of the nature of the knotless connection the high strength of the net legs is retained. The nets therefore have a high tensile strength on. Another advantage of these nets is their high wear resistance. By the type of interweaving the legs of the net and mesh connections hold the individual strands of thread together when they are chafed through. Further a good fit of the connection points of the net legs is achieved in this type of nets and thus a absolute mesh constancy ensured. Furthermore, this type of interlacing enables the. Use synthetic Wires without the nets suffering from stiffness or poor knot fit. A particular advantage of these networks is their low weight, as the strength of the threads is better used and the material content in the knot not applicable. Furthermore, the network is characterized by the fact that it can be easily produced by machine.

The invention is to be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Show it

KLg. 1 shows a connection point

the leg of the net, in which all strands of thread are braided at the junction.

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Fig. 2 shows the program of thread strands

or bobbin carriers for producing the net according to FIG. 1 <

Fig. 3-15 Device for producing the network

with revolving coil carriers

Figure 3 is a schematic representation of FIG

Facility in front view

4 shows a section of the plaited web

Fig. 5 shows the position of the switches or locks

during the manufacture of the mesh legs

6 shows the position of the switches or locks

during the establishment of the connection between the legs of the net

Fig. 7-10 the position of the coil carriers and

Soak or lock when braiding the net legs after each Quarter turn of the bobbin carriers on the braided sheet

Fig. 11-15 the position of the coil carriers and

Switch or block when braiding the connection of the net legs after each quarter turn of the bobbin carriers on the braided web.

16 shows the representation of a connection point

the leg of the net, with some of the strands of thread at the junction are braided

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17 shows the braiding program of the thread strands

or coil carrier but manufacture /

of the network according to FIG. 16

Fig. 18-19 Setup for manufacturing the

Netzsee with pendulum bobbins

18 shows a schematic representation of the

Facility in front view

Fig. 19 is a schematic representation of the '

Facility in side view

Fig. 20 - 24 · the position of the bobbin support movement.

Thread guide organs in braiding • the leg of the net

Fig. 24 - 28 the position of the bobbin support or

• Thread guiding organs when braiding the connection between the legs of the net

According to the invention, the knotless net is preferably braided from four strands of thread per leg of the net. However, it is also possible to use three, five, six and more strands of thread per leg of the net.

A leg 21 of a net advantageously consists of the thread strands 13 »14 | 15 | 16. The one to be connected with it Net leg 23 consists of the thread strands 17; 18f 19; 20, The Netzschenk «. 1 are braided in such a way that each the thread strand located on the outer circumference of the net leg with the constant, alternating, upper and lower side crossing of the thread strands to be passed for spatially opposite side of the network leg is performed. To achieve a compact, dense and solid The strands of thread run under the net leg individually

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three strands of thread through to then over three Strands of thread to be guided. This ensures that the middle of the Netsachenkel is filled and there is none Cavity arises. For example, strand 19 of the thread runs Net leg 23 at the beginning over the thread strands 20, 17i "before being passed under the thread strands 20, 17, 18 will.

The most essential feature of the invention, however, remains in that joining the braided legs of the net done knotless. In principle, the connection of the Netaschenkel arises from the fact that the thread strands of one Legs individually or in groups, alternately, above- and on the underside or in front and behind the strands of thread cross the other leg spatially.

The thread strand 16 of the net leg 21 runs, for example, after it has passed under the thread strands 15 »1 * 1 13 is, to the net leg 24. It crosses the thread strands 15; 18} 20 to then take the strands of thread 19; 17j 14; 13 through and over the strands of thread 15l 14j13 to walk over it. At the junction, the thread rope 16 first crosses the thread rope running in the opposite direction 18 of the net leg 23. This thread strand 18 previously overkiceuzte the thread strands 171 20f 19 and was then passed under the thread strand 17. Then he runs over the thread strand 14, under the thread strands 13 | 15, over the strands of thread 20 | 19 and under the strands of thread 17j 20 | 19 to the net leg 22.

Next, the strands of threads cross at the junction; 14 of the net leg 21 and the strand of thread of the net leg 23 · The thread strand 14 crossed Sm Net leg the thread strands 16j 13s 15 # to then at the Junction under the strands of thread 18; 20; 19 through

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run up. The thread strand must then continue over the thread strands 17; 16; 13; 15 are led to the net leg 24, where he continues the fade strands 16 | 135 15 happened. The opposite * Fadenstrar.g 20 runs ^ s Net legs 23 over the strands of thread 18; 19; 17, under the strands of thread 18Ί 19? 17? 16 and at the junction over the strands of thread 14; 13 | 15? to then under the Strands of thread 1S | 19; 17 of the NetzschenkeIs 22 »

Under certain circumstances, would / "the connection of the mesh side described ^previously,. B0i of only half the yarn strands Deteiligt and switch to the opposite mesh side, sufficient expedient is however * when not just one part, but all the strands of thread in the formation. For this reason, the thread strands 13 and 15 of the net leg 21 and the opposing thread strands 19 and 17 of the net leg 23 take part in the interweaving of the connection point merge into the net limb 24 and the thread strands 19 and 17 into the net limb 22.

In order to be able to produce the net according to the invention by machine, the thread strands must run and be crossed in a very specific way. If, for example, a type of connection of the net legs is to take place according to FIG. 1, then the thread course has to take place according to the scheme shown in FIG. 2. In the scheme, the course of the thread strands is shown as a function of individual successive sub-steps. The numbers O ₁ 1, 2, 12 indicate the partial steps covered. In each of the devices described below, 4 partial steps represent a full rotation or a back and forth movement. Other variants of the connection of the network legs can also be derived from the diagram.

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For example, the thread strand 16 does not yet need to Step. 4, but only after another full turn To change over at step β. Furthermore, new types of weave arise from the fact that different threads do not heel _change over (Fig. 17).

The legs of the net can be braided in the well-known catfish with revolving 8-coil bobbins on figure-eight circular paths or on circular paths running in opposite directions with top and bottom guides of the thread strands. In order to produce the nets, however, it is necessary to place a large number of braiding units next to each other »opposite one another! work together to let in horizontal, inclined, circular _# or straight arrangement. As also from 71g. 2, the braided units lying next to one another must lead or lag behind each other in the position of their bobbin carriers by a fraction of a partial step, preferably half, so that the bobbin carriers do not interfere with each other when changing over to the neighboring braiding units "

The coil carriers 25 run in the eight-shaped tracks 26, . which are located in the table top 27. They are driven via gear wheels 28 and drive pulleys 29.

The threads · ». , strands led to the braiding points 31. A wandering position of the braided points is achieved by shifting the braided rails 32 to the side. The finished network is pulled off between rollers 33ι 3 ^.

Depending on the width of the net, the device consists of a large number of braiding units that form a large, endless braided strip Form · Two pairs of spool carriers work together in a braiding unit. At the contact points of the braiding units, the bobbin carriers for producing the Change the connection of the net legs to the adjacent braiding unit. The control of the transfer takes place with Using barriers or switches 351 36; after the braiding program

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according to FIG. 2. With the lock or switch 35 'closed, earth the net legs are braided and when the lock or switch 36 is open, the connection of the net legs is established. The locks or switches 35; 36 are formed in a known manner.

Two neighboring braiding units work together in the following way *

When braiding the legs of the net in FIGS. 7 to 10, the switches or barriers 35 are closed so that the bobbin carriers cannot change over to the adjacent braiding unit. For braiding the net leg 21 ', the bobbin carriers of the thread strands 13 and 16 are located in FIG. 7 at the outermost edge of a figure eight-shaped web. The bobbin carriers of the thread strands 14 and 15 in the middle position on the intersecting figure eight-shaped path. After a partial step in accordance with the braiding program in FIG. 2, the bobbin carriers of the thread strands 13 and 16 reach the middle position and the thread strands 14 and 15 reach the outer position. The thread strands 13 | were thereby crossed 14t 15; The interweaving of the network leg 21 according to FIG. 1 is achieved by further continuous crossings. After four successive partial steps Fig. 8, 9-10 _t 11, the coil carriers are back in their starting position. The braiding of the power leg 23 is carried out in a similar manner but with the difference that Ale bobbin the yarn strands 17, 18, 19, 20 corresponding to the upstream Flechtpgogramm by half a part step or lag. After the braiding program, after the fourth sub-step in FIG. 11, the opening of the switches 36 between the braiding units of the net legs 21 and 23 begins. All others

J switches attached to the two braiding units, continue must remain closed. Through the opened

, Switches move according to the TCechfcprogram the coil

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carrier of the thread strands 16; 18 * 14; 2Oj 13 »19 * 15i 1? successively old distances of half a partial step each in intersecting directions to the neighboring one Braiding unit over. After the bobbin carrier with the thread strand 16 (Fig. 11) is transferred to the adjacent braiding unit (Fig. 12), follows in the opposite

Direction on the other figure eight-shaped track of the bobbins with strand 18 (Figures 11 and 12). On the same After two further partial steps, catfish are the bobbin carriers of the thread strands 13 (Fig. 13) and 19 (Fig. 13 and 14-) replaced. After that the last spool carrier old has changed over to Streng 17 (Fig. 14 and 15), the barriers or switches are closed again (Fig. 15) · This completes the connection between the legs of the net and the legs of the net are first individually braided again the bobbin carrier with the thread bobbins always in a particular direction to the next fetching unit, Sd nets with a diagonal thread run are created · If nets with a zigzag thread run are to be made, sweep the bobbin carrier with the thread strands back into the old braiding unit at the subsequent connection point. Furthermore, the zigzag thread course also achieve that <half of each braid unit is arranged on a known sliding table top and moved back and forth to form the connection point will.

The manufacture of the net legs and their connection is possible with the devices with rotating coil carriers and with pendulum bobbins. Devices with oscillating »bobbins are particularly suitable for the production of nets with small vesicles. Such a network is shown, for example, in FIG. The pendulum movement of the bobbin support and thread guide elements in mutually perpendicular planes makes the net leg like this. formed that the strands of thread 41 and 42, as well as 4 ^ and 44 of the Netzschenkeis' 37 are continuously crossed in these planes. Are the , 909808/0270

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Neteschenkel 37; 38 made to a certain length so that they are intertwined. For example be first the strands of thread 42 of the net leg 37 and 45 of the net leg 38 crossed with one another. Then cross the thread strands 41 of the net leg 37 with 46 of the '* Net legs 38. The net legs are thus already connected to one another. Provided, however, a higher strength the connection point is required, the thread strands 42; 45 and 41} 46 one after the other again into the switch to the opposite leg. If even higher requirements are placed on the connection point, can also the thread strands 43; 44 and 471 48 at the Change connection point with.

In order to produce the net according to FIG. 16, the strands of thread are controlled according to the braiding program of FIG. The arrangement of the bobbin support and thread guide members are arranged, for example, in the device (FIG. 19) in the following manner. The coil carrier 49; 50 of a thread system with the thread strands 43; 44 commute past each other in opposite directions. At right angles to this are file strands of thread 41; 42 crossed by thread guides by means of rails 53, 51. By continuously interlacing the strands of thread 41; 42 and 43; 44 the net leg 37 is formed. This process is shown in the individual sub-steps in FIGS. 24 to 28. In FIG. 20 there are, for example, the guides of the thread strands 41; 42 according to the braiding program Fig. In the outer position. The bobbin of the thread strands 43; 44 are crossing in the middle. In the first sub-step, the bobbin carriers of the thread strands 43 rush; 44 in their outer position and the guides of the thread strands 41; 42 cross in the middle (Fig. 21). Thus a crossing of the thread strands has taken place. After four such partial steps, the bobbin carriers and thread guides have performed a complete back and forth movement. The Verbinduü _rj of the power leg will now be made in accordance with the Flechtprogramin Fig. 17. So that the strands of thread 42 and 45 in

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the neighboring Nettschenkel can hike over idj, e thread guides on the rails 53t 5 * in the adjacent Braiding unit moved. In Fig. 25, such a displacement of the thread guides has just taken place. By several dislocations one after the other, after every second partial step (Fig. 17) the required connection is created the leg of the net. If the bobbin carriers are also moved to the neighboring braiding unit, this takes place after every partial step a transition of the strands of thread.

The various ways of connecting the legs of the net enable the use of a wide variety of facilities isur production of braided knotless nets. In a facility do not just need circular or only oscillating bobbin support and thread guide elements are arranged to be, but θβ both types can work together to create the network. For example the thread guides 511 53 and 52} 54 each through rotating bobbin carriers are replaced.

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Claims (10)

143521 θ- Claims i.yNodeless network, characterized in that in known Way from at least three strands of thread braided net legs (21 to 24 or 37 to 40) with each other in this way are connected knotless that all or part of the thread strands of a net leg individually or in groups with constant upper and lower spatial crossings of individual or several strands of thread of the other leg of the net merge into the subsequent mesh leg and participate in its braiding. 2. Knotless network according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual strands of thread successively or simultaneously crossing into the adjacent leg of the net or switch over several times. 3. Knotless network according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the strands of thread are braided over and under in a helical manner at the junction of the legs of the net or are woven in parallel planes, 4. Knotless network according to claim 1 to 3 »characterized in that that the individual strands of thread alternate through the middle of the. A net leg and when changing over on the other hand, as short as possible , Way to the middle of the other net leg. 5- knotless network according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that in the leg of the net four strands of thread cross each other in pairs, eight-shaped, perpendicular to one another. 6. Knotless network according to claim 1 to 5 »characterized in that that the two loops of the eight-shaped Crossings of the nets are always parallel to two perpendicular to each other running planes. 909806/0270 BATH ORIGINAL 1435219 7 «Equipment for the heat division of knotless nets according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bobbin support and thread guide elements are in a large number adjacent known braiding units, e.g. B, via known points, blocking or by moving switch from braided webs to adjacent braiding units. 8. Set up after making knotless nets Claim 1 to 7 »characterized in that each of the two well-known intersecting eight-shaped Braided webs (26) of a braiding unit via control element (35, 36), which are based on a braiding program open and close, each with one of the same type braid web of the adjacent braiding unit are connected and that the adjacent braiding units in the Braiding sequence lead or lag a fraction of a partial step. 9 · Device for the production of knotless nets according to claims 1 to 7 _f, characterized in that the braiding units consist of bobbin carriers (4-3, 44) or pad guides (51, 53 and 52, 54) oscillating in mutually perpendicular planes and that the bobbin carriers and / or the thread guides can be displaced once or several times into the adjacent braiding units when braiding the connection of the net legs according to a braiding program. 10. A device for the production of knotless nets according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the braiding units consist of both oscillating and revolving bobbin support and thread guide elements, which are displaceable into the \ neighboring braiding units when braiding the connection of the network legs and / or \ switch to these via controls. 90S8Q6 / O2 7Q bad orig «-! AL j