DE1431970A1 - Automatic device to protect the tow ropes and the safety net of fish steamers - Google Patents

Description

I ^{1 For} a fish steamer it is an object of concern when fishing with the pawl net not to tear the tow ropes that hold the hunt, nor to "damage it" once it gets stuck on the bottom.

The known devices consist in each Time to display the pulling force exerted on the tow ropes, and., If the stress is too great, none on them Apply more traction while the ship is stopped.

This stress can be measured by tension gauges, which are attached to the arms through which the ropes pass. are attached, or by a device attached to the drums of the winch. Once the stress

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POSTAL CHECK. HAMIURG 147 * 07 * BANKi COMMERZBANK AG, HAMBURG, DEP CHECKOUT 20/12029 · TELEGR.i SPECHTZIES HAMBURG

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becomes excessive, in the first case the holding device - (chien de funes) of the tow rope is loosened, while in the second case the band brakes which fix the winch drums are loosened.

However, the ropes can occasionally experience resistance that does not justify loosening the ropes and stopping and delaying fishing; this is _(t .-- especially the case when fishing on rocky ground.. "■ -'-.""" * ".

The present invention aims to achieve such To avoid control devices for pigeon exposure; instead of the length of the ropes is monitored, which is temporary Resistances or if the safety net actually hooks • is additionally cleared *

The invention consists in that after das.Fangnetz designed and depending on experience and knowledge of the fishing location a certain rope length has been processed, it can be decided whether, if despite the counteracting braking device a certain rope length additionally unwinds, there is a risk, and that in this case a device. .: is set in motion, which automatically stops the ship.

The tow ropes are not held by self-locking clamps, but by the winch itself, which is attached to the Standstill develops a certain holding force, which with the Resistance of the ropes compatible and therefore below the Breaking point is. The winch is therefore used throughout Duration of pulling should be in a slow twisting motion. That once that of the motor coupled with it in the sense of up;

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-windens, once in the opposite direction. In the event of exceedance, the drive is automatic stopped.

The device according to the invention is used in particular a neta winch that is electrically operated, however, can also a chasing winch can be used, which is mechanically driven if the mechanical system contains an intermediate element that is used for uncoupling, which can be operated electrically or mechanically from a distance and under the same conditions can switch the direction of rotation of the winch.

It is not possible here to describe all systems that can be used to drive a Hetswinde, on everyone Fall becomes theirs. YJahl the scope of the invention by no means reduce.

The devices of the present invention mainly consist from a sliding ring, which is linear on a screw spindle shifts, depending on how the ropes are unrolled, and who switches one or more stops at the appropriate moment, which are intended. to either increase the pulling force on the ropes in order to prevent them from becoming longer unroll to reduce this tightening force to prevent them from curling up more or to lock if the 7 / resistance of the safety net the 'Jert of the highest pulling force of the motor and leads to the fact that the complete amount of rope located on the drums unwinds to stopping via a signal or a servo mechanism of the drive to be brought about automatically.

The sliding ring can be moved in a simple manner by turning the spindle on which it is mounted.

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happen; this spindle is mechanical or electric with the winch drum !! connected, whereby the complete ■■ ".""". ■ '"... displacement of the adjusting ring on the spindle means the perfect unwinding of the ropes linear, boring rotatable, electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic ■ "" ...- "';" · ■ us \ v. devices replace / ground. The choice of these systems _;; . _; . does not change the Content of the invention. -, -. Λ τ. Vv

The slide ring, the spindle and the stops kö | _iften:; be attached at any point on the ship. If ■ -. they are close to the Uetztau winds, which can; Connection, =, being mechanical by gears and operating rods or by ropes or chains; if you are further away from the. Winds are attached, ö .ie connection ^ is zweokmässig elefatriseh seiö .. '. ^; ...: Λ ^: /; "- v.> _: '-

When the spindle to d ^ n away the actual "τοη ■ · winch on äev Eommandobrucke mounted equipment parts - '; - the electrically aftgetriebenen winch belongs _f can with te _If:;. An electric wave are actuated, for example by means of so-called Selsyn * This is a known electrical device that same two rotary devices ^ a transmitter and a Empfäiiger is, that feeds on AC geV werderi the stators are three-phase, the rotors single phase; the e has pfanger constant _exactly.!.. the same rotation angle. 1 as the donor ;. * This angle may be a fraction of a ümdrehung; or g ^ number anz be od§r a Bruohteil §umv plurality revolutions a _{bestiijimt§;.} Versphiebumg the thus means a bestinimte Iiänge abgewifikeiter T.au§ _t

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Because the diameter of the winding depends on the amount of unwound Taues varies, the shifts of the sliding ring only correspond to a certain weight through knife exactly the handled amount; but the stops that are operated by the sliding ring, adjusted so that they correspond to the last two or three construction layers that remain on the drums as a safety reserve. Taking into account the average diameter of these last two or three layers, it is possible with sufficient Accuracy to estimate which rope length corresponds to the displacement of the sliding ring to the end of the spindle.

The features of the present invention and its advantages will be explained in the following on the basis of an exemplary embodiment an inventive equipment described with reference to the drawing, which, however, falls within the scope of the invention not restricted. In this example it is a matter of a ship that is responsible for the supply of its on-board equipment including its catching winch via three-phase alternating current disposes.

'The motor driving the winch does not correspond to any Ward Leonard System; which - as already said - would be very suitable for the subject matter of the invention, however it would be much more sensitive and much more expensive. It is about here about an asynchronous motor with squirrel cage rotor »This I-motor is characterized in a special way by the fact that the rotor resistance. is raised in such a way that a given Terminal voltage on. Corresponds to the maximum value of the torque. Such motors are known; the massive eotor is driven by

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Chilled water. The maximum torque that he can develop can is a puncture, the terminal tension. This tension An induction regulator or an Irahsformer is also included adjustable transmission ratio between a minimum value and a maximum value. «At the maximum value, however, the motor develops a pulling force on the ropes that is smaller than their tear strength. The engine works thus as a force limiter.

According to the single drawing, the linden consists essentially of two drums T, which, apart from the disengaging elements, are driven by a common shaft, as well as shoe brakes or band brakes, etc., which are not shown, since they are not directly relevant to the invention Interesting are «Camp 3 carry various meehanishe organs shown in the drawing. The asynchronous motor 4 with a solid rotor actuates the tie 2 via a bevel gear 5. Instead of the bevel gears, other, normal gear gears or any other transmission means could be used. The motor 4 has two stator windings which are fed by the induction regulator or "regulating transformer 6" The rotation due to the feed 7 is not of direct interest to the present invention, because it corresponds to a polarity which gives the motor an increased speed and is applied during the Eihziehens and discharging of the network * These lines 7-n was given only to make _r to ,, · .: better understood that un ^ is the general · common equipment "for a catch winds , and how the "present invention supplements an already known. equipment,"

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The lines 7 for hauling in and out is through the Reversing switch 8 closed, in turn from a distance can be switched on and off by the operating lever 9 « This operating lever 9 is operated remotely during retrieval and Ausfierens also controls the servomotor TO, which adjusts the induction regulator 6, and thus determines the setting depending on the "setting" of the operating lever 9, the torque .des motor 4 and thus its speed *

When the laying out of the üjetzes is finished, the switch 11 is brought from the position T, J ¹ , (= laying out / pulling in), on which it was before, to the position Er, (= pulling), whereby it is made possible for him, to fulfill its task according to the invention

The spindle 12 is controlled by the Selsyn receiver 15 operated, which rotates synchronously with the Selsyn encoder 14, which mechanically via a chain 15 through the shaft '2 of the Winch is driven. Instead of the chain, any other drive element could be attached.

The stators of the two devices have three-phase windings which are connected to one another by lines 16 and are kept under voltage by lines 17, which connect them to Hetz 18 via a switch 19. By! This switch makes it possible to make the Selsyn transmitters and receivers independent of one another and to adjust them mutually with the aid of "the adjusting handwheel 20. On the spindle 12 there is a sliding ring 21 with a nut thread". The transmission ratio of the chain 15 and the spindle j ;: ·. jg

Thread lock; 12 is tuned so that the shift

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of the sliding ring 21 from the beginning to the end of the spindle 12 corresponds to the 'perfect unwinding' of the ropes 22 on the drums 1. \ - _. =

Bi ^; Stops 23 and 24 are electrical Kippachalter which actuate the three EelaIswitches 26, 27 and 28 by connecting their contacts accordingly. _v .

ijerServomotor IQ is an asynchronous squirrel cage motor with two windings ent-- two speeds, speak ^"-_:. ; ... - ■ ".-..: ^;:;.;.;: / ■: ■ ': ■ "".'-...

The reversing contacts 27 and 28 cause the same speed in one sense or the other, ie * for a quick increase (contact 28) of the voltage of the induction regulator 6 or for a quick decrease in this voltage (contact: 27) * _; .--. . _

■ ;, The contact 26 causes | -only the slow speed of the servo motor 10 and dieölitur by slow reduction of the voltage: of the diffusion regulator 6. ■; ■. ·

The spindle 29 and the tooth segment 30 represent schema- ' table represents the mechanical organs that operate the voltage regulator or the regulating transformer 6.

Limit switches 31 are used in the circuits of the relay coils 26> 27 and 28 to start the servomotor 10 hold when the displacement of the rotor of the induction regulator or regulating transformer 6 exceeds the predetermined minimum and maximum values for a good puncture of the system and the Protection of the IP network.

The winch motor 4 has a winding through which. Lines 32 is fed, and which allows him to

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to rotate at a much slower (3-speed than that which is given to it when it is supplied by the lines 7, but with the same torque and with less energy consumption. This supply 32 is controlled by a contact 33, which is closed when the occupies the position of switch 11 Tr. (= train). In this position, the switch 11 stops the operation of the contacts 8 and 9 ZXM disengagement and retraction of the network (Vj. ¹⁾ by keeping them open it.

Y7enn finished laying out the rag and the switch 11 is brought to position Tr. (= Train), whereby the contact 33 is closed and the servomotor 10 is under the influence of the Contacts 26, 27 and 28 is brought, in turn by the Toggle switches 23 and 24 are operated, the sequence is as follows: When the safety net is laid out and on the seabed begins to tow, a certain amount of rope (1,200 m for example on each drum) has unrolled; so it can at 34- a Pteserve of 800 m remain, for example. Of the Sliding ring 21 has taken a position between the stops 23 and 24, with the same distance from both, to complete the example. The position of the toggle switches is adjustable along the spindle 12. You can easily put them in such a position that, for example, the distance between 23 and 24 a quantity of 300 m 'to be unrolled Taues corresponds, and that the distance between the stop 23 and the stop 25 at the end of the route (extreme Tolerance) corresponds to a quantity of 500 m.

That segment 3Ό of the induction regulator or level trans.

formator 6 was set so that it supplies a voltage to the

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Winding terminals of the motor fed-feeη from the lines 32, which is sufficient for the / generation of a torque that is capable of; to compensate that of the ÜTetzwinde. In this state the system is unmoved in the G-Ie ichgewioht _:. λ ".- ■ .- ■ V-". "'; V... -" .. ■ · .. V.

When the safety net suddenly shows greater resistance learns, the. greater resistance 'opposing ropes certain torque is greater than the counter-torque of the motor 4 »The Slide ring £ 1, which was between 23 and 24, moves look according to the direction of rotation and displacement to 23 and tilt this stop. This is caused by switching on of contact 34 the closure; of the switch.-2.8, the. the servo motor; 10 to its highest speed level in such a way that the voltage at the ... terminals of the induction regulator 6 will increase. The holding. power of the motor * 4 increases rapidly: V.

- either it compensates the torque due to the chasing resistance, and the & anze stabilizes again; /

- or the torque due to the BFe.tzwi-derStand 'decreases again', so that the holding torque of the motor is much higher.

is as the opposite due to the last move; the motor, rotating in the direction of its torque, winds up the dew drum. As soon as the stop is tilted in the opposite direction, the contacts 35 are closed again ^ the switch ^ 26 is opened and the switch 26 g _: e closed .. The latter leaves the servo motor IQ on slower Qe--. speed in which rotating screens run _? that a induction. reign 6 is slowly going back and the. Spa ^ nu ^ g · on the terminals

of the motor 4 and consequently its torque decrease; a new equilibrium is established. If this does not occur, the sliding ring runs back further: and tilts the stop 24, which closes the switch 27 by closing the contacts 36 after the current flow to the relay coil 26 has been interrupted. But this switch 2? let the servo motor 10 rotate in the same direction as before (decrease the tension) but much faster. Immediate compensation is inevitably achieved »In most cases the sliding ring will constantly oscillate between the stops 24 and 23 and the drums will roll up or down 150 300 m of rope. The catch continues, which is the main thing. ^The distance between the stops 23 and 24, which corresponds to the 300 m rope length, was only given as an example, since - as already mentioned, their position is adjustable so that any other rope length can be unwound.

- or the agitation has got stuck; the adjusting ring is moved further to the end of the spindle despite the increase in voltage at the terminals of the motor, which constantly increases the holding force of the motor. It hits the stop 25, which opens (or closes) a contact and stops the ship's propulsion system before the entire length of the rope has unrolled; The loosening of the ropes was thus avoided, as was the loss of the pang net.

It is evident that the device described is only a particularly useful embodiment is “changes are of course possible, for example

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- the Anschläge- 25 ·, 23, 24 not control circuits "sond; ^ren, hydraulic or pneumatic Schieber' or also-, simple = compounds or the like; · - ^-:: ■ ■.-Mechanical...". -

- the. Spindle 12- can be driven by a rotating device. ■ ^; and the -slide ring-to be replaced by a mark that causes the same switch-off and switch-on processes when passing through, - "■>■" whereby this device is of a mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic ■ '■' ■ - ■ or similar type .: ■ · ^..: - - - ^-: - -; can..

- the transmission through Selsyn can be replaced by ¹ a 'mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic or similar transmission;'

- This transmission does not have to start from the winch shaft, but / can come from any other organ of the winch ^; Including the ropes themselves or through the drum holding the electric cable which transmits the information from the probe attached to the hound's back rope, the drum being operated by a special motor; _; ^:

- The unit of the motor 4 and the controller 6 can, by a mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic or other device be replaced, or even by a specialized or non-specialized generating group, their alternating voltage could be changeable, whereby of course by dsss replacing the other devices in their entirety; be, in none Manner, the scope of the invention is limited; . ·

- The invention can also be applied, if the Winch, made up of two independent ones, each by a separate motor - powered drums; ■. In this case, the invention System, be provided twice, with. Each drum

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.your own, with transfer through. Selsyn, screw, sliding ring, System equipped with stops operated; - The invention can also in an even more perfect ■ Find equipment use in which the inventive system is threefold; a "device is through the drum actuated, which holds the probe cable of the net's back rope, and would determine the distance of the net from the ship; the sliding ring of this central device would be the tilt stops wear; the other two devices would each be powered by a drum that had its own motor owns, v / obei whose ochiebering by touching the of the ochiebering the first device carried tilting stops very precisely maintain the same unrolled length of each rope would.

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Claims (5)

.- 1 * - ■■ '1431 97 Q P at e nt an. s ρ r ti. c h e 1) Device for the protection of the towing ropes and the fishing net of fish steamers, with at least one winch for the towing ropes, characterized in that each drum is connected to a device for generating a variable torque counteracting the chipping, and that a device to determine the lay-out length of the Metztaue and to regulate the torque depending on the lay-out length . . ". ■""■■ - .. 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for plaguing the display length with the v / elle the winch drum or one moved with it. part connected to common movement. 3) Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection is electrical or hydraulic. 4) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for determining the extension length is equipped with a switch which, when a certain extension length is exceeded, which is smaller than the total length that can be extended, gives the Mptqr a torque that is significantly greater than it corresponds to the normal pulling force of the Efetzseils, and is equipped with a. changeover switch, the _"v when it falls below a certain Mindestauslegemenge the engine torque gives that is substantially smaller than it corresponds to the tensile force of the rope Nets.. ■ 909823/0267. ^{ßÄD 0RIG! NÄL} H3197Q 5) Device according to claim 1-4, characterized in that a limit switch is provided which has a gs-white length before unrolling the entire length of the oeil, indirectly by generating ■ of a signal or by direct action on the ship's robbery drive stops the journey. _. -. β) Device according to claims 1-5, characterized in that IT that it is available twice or three times analogously, either controlled by each find drum individually, if they are independent of each other. are -, or of each of them, as well as a special drum for the electrical cable of the probe provided on the back of the ship, if the ship is equipped with such accessories. ■ 909823/0267 g _ÄD original