DE1430693A1 - Vehicle, especially tractor, with two-wheel steering and four-wheel drive - Google Patents

Description

PAIEN TAN WALTE

Dr, Andrepy / ski Essen, January 13, 1968

Dr.-Ing. Honke ₍₁₉ 329 / KG-)

Essen, Kettwiyer Str. 36

(Am Hauptbahnhot Uditbuig)
Teleion 225802/03

Patent registration of the company
County Commercial Cars Ltd.,
a British Company, Engineers,
of Fleet, Aldershot,
Hampshire / England

Vehicle, in particular tractor, with two-wheel steering and four-wheel drive

Vehicles and in particular tractors are two-wheel steering and. Four-wheel drive are known in various embodiments. The -an are generally used for the drive designed as penaelaxles cross members arranged steerable wheels in one each arranged at the end of the cross member Gear housing has a drive shaft associated with it Bevel gears provided and these drive shafts running in the vehicle longitudinal direction, with the common Differential gear of all four cadres connected cardan shafts connected. Vehicles of this type satisfy in On the driving characteristics, especially off-road, often not.

Documents {Art 7f 1 Abs, 2 Nf.I Setz 3 «fes amendmentsa. v. 4,9.19S?}

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In another "embodiment, however, it is known (cf. Austrian Patent Specification 100 253)" to attach the gearbox designed to drive the steerable wheels to the steerable wheels through the gearbox housing Gear housing arranged, whereby the pivot axis of the cardan joint coincides with that of the steerable wheel. The disadvantage here is that the drive shaft is fixed during a pivoting movement as a result of steering opposite the steerable bath and so the steering deflection ,, d ₀ tu limits the cornering maneuverability of the vehicle «Furthermore It is known ( cf. the German Patent 870 954) "when converting a vehicle with driven rear wheels into a vehicle with driven rear and front wheels to assign power transmission devices to the steerable front wheels _? the housing enclosing the wheel hub and the braking device structural unit image ete The arrangement is like this _? that both for the wheel hubs on the drive shafts and thus for the bevel gear attached to the respective wheel hub and for the bevel gear connected to a cardan shaft with the interposition of a universal joint, which meshes with the first-mentioned bevel gear, a single two-part Housing is provided. The known design "apparently leads to manufacturing difficulties _s · since the two housing parts with particular precision manufactured and must be mounted when the two bevel gears after the assembly or ₀ the" assembly of the two-part housing exactly miteinander.in intervention .stehen sol! en «In practice," that. -not "can be carried out without difficulties, so that there is always a risk of loss of performance and high wear and tear».

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Consequently, the invention is based on the object of driving the steerable wheels in vehicles, in particular To train tractors with four-wheel drive so that a simple assembly with exact interaction of the drive parts is possible, whereby the vehicle agility, especially at all-terrain vehicles, should be improved.

The invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a tractor, with two-wheel steering and four-wheel drive, in which the two steerable wheels articulated on a cross member designed as a pendulum axle and arranged on their drive shafts Wheel hubs are attached to bevel gears, each with bearing journals with the interposition of cardan joints bevel gears connected to cardan shafts extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle are in engagement, wherein the cardan shafts and the non-steerable wheels are driven by a differential gear common to all four wheels. The invention consists in that the wheel hubs on the drive shafts the steerable wheels and the bearings for the journals of the bevel gears connected to the cardan shafts in one another arranged separate housings and these housings are attached to each other that also known per se '. quietly connecting the bearing journals with the cardan shafts Cardan joints are provided outside the housing for the wheel hubs.

The advantages of the invention are mainly to be seen in that by the erfindurigsgemäße training of the drive steerable wheels of four-wheel drives off-road vehicles, especially tractors, are created by the adaptability to the soil conditions and the low required nominal circle diameter, where-

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but with the simplest structure and low-wear operation, are guaranteed.

The training according to the invention is based on the following a drawing illustrating only one exemplary embodiment explained in more detail; show it:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an inventive design Vehicle, partly in section, with insignificant parts being omitted,

FIG. 2 shows a side view of the object according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is a front view of the object according to FIG. 1 on a larger scale,

4 shows a detail from FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale, and FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a section through the object according to FIG. 4.

The vehicle shown in Figures 1 to 3 is a tractor with two-wheel steering and four-wheel drive, wherein for the drive of the steerable arranged on cross members 52 Wheels 41 in one arranged at the end of the cross member 52 Gear housing 47, a drive shaft 42 and associated bevel gears 49, 50 are provided, and these drive shafts 42 to running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, with the common Differential gear 10-all four wheels connected Cardan shafts 30 are connected. The gear housing is connected to the pivoting wheels 41, and the cross members 52 are designed as pendulum axles. In the case of the Figures 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment are on a

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Usual differential gear 10 on both sides of the boom shafts 11 arranged, which are driven by this. The boom shafts 11 drive the semi-axles 12 for the rear wheels 13 via bevel gears the brakes are arranged on the outer ends of the boom shaft 11. Each of the Ausle>; waves 11 has at its end a bevel gear 20, which is in engagement with a further bevel gear 21, which in turn on a Axle stub 22 is arranged, "which is fastened in a bearing 23 in a housing 24, which is attached to the housing 19 for the boom shaft 11 is connected. The stub axle 22 is connected to the cardan shaft via a cardan joint 25 30 connected. The part assigned to the cardan shaft 30 - 26 of this universal joint is on a cylindrical element 27 attached. The cylindrical element 27 has on opposite sides, extending in the axial direction Recesses with a hard rivet lining 29 are set up for the inclusion of balls 40 of a ball bearing.

The cardan shaft 30 extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and is at 31 in the other end of the cylindrical Element 27, into which it protrudes, stored. On the cardan shaft 30 is located inside the cylinder shaped element 27 a head 32, This head 32 has two opposite edges, one flattened at 33 and the other rounded at 34. On the flattened ones The ends are axial recesses 35 with inserted bearing beds for balls of a ball bearing. One passage 37, which runs parallel to each of the recesses 35, is located in the head 32 and extends from one End to the other. On the opposite ends of the head 32 caps 38 are placed, which have recesses 39 are provided, which are the ends of the axial recesses

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connect with one of the passages 37, so that a closed loop results. The camp beds for the balls in the cylindrical elements 27 and in the head 32 are arranged facing each other, and each of the so The storage rooms formed are designed with balls 40. on This “.” The cardan shaft 30 with its head 32 is non-positively connected to the cylindrical element 27. The length of the cardan shaft 30, however, can be adjusted telescopically. EK's front end of each cardan shaft 30 ends in the area of the inside of one of the front wheels 4t. This end is behind the drive shafts 42 on which the wheel hub 48 is pulled up. The cardan shaft 30 is provided at this end with a further cardan joint 44, its free end 45 through a La-Or 46 in the multi-part Transmission housing'47-is added. On this end 45 of the cardan shaft 30 is a bevel gear 49, which with a Bevel gear 50 is engaged, which is arranged on the wheel hub 48, fixed. The wheel hub 48 is at both ends mounted in the gear housing 47 by means of the bearings 8. Each of the gear housing 47 is in a fork-shaped frame 51 held, this frame is provided with pins or bolts, so that the gear housing and the associated wheel 41 steering movements by a; essentially vertical. Axis can run. The two fork-shaped Storage racks 51 are connected to the ends of a cross member 52 connected, to which a V-shaped connecting piece 53 is connected in the middle and on one side, in which / a bolt 54 is inserted and fastened. An end to this Bolt 54 is mounted in a bearing 55 which is provided in two bearing pieces 56 which are located on the central part a side member 57 are located with the. Engine and the other parts of the tractor is firmly connected. The front end of the bolt 54 is rotatable in two other bearings

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pieces 66, which are located further forward on the longitudinal beam 57 mentioned. The cross member 52 is about the protruding described bolt 54 rotatable and can pivot on this V / eise about an axis arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. One of the gear housings 47, which is provided with the bevel gear for the front wheel 41, is with a Part 58 connected to the steering mechanism. In addition, the fact that the cardan joint 44 between Drive shaft 42 of the steerable wheels 41 and the cardan shaft 30 is arranged outside the gear housing 47, achieved, that the sealing of the exit of the drive shaft 42 from the gear housing 47 can be carried out particularly easily.

claim

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Claims (2)

claim Vehicle, especially tractor, with two-wheel steering and Four-wheel drive, in which the two steerable wheels hinged to a cross member designed as a pendulum axle and to wheel hubs arranged on their drive shafts Bevel gears are attached, which 'each with bearing journals with the interposition of cardan joints connected to cardan shafts running in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle Bevel gears are in mesh, "with the cardan shafts and the unsteerable wheels over one of all four wheels common differential gear are driven, thereby characterized in that the wheel hubs "(48) on the drive shafts (42) the steerable wheels (41) and the bearings (46) for the Bearing journals (45) of the bevel gears (49) connected to the cardan shafts (30) are arranged in separate housings and these housings are attached to one another in that furthermore in the well-known quietly the bearing journals (45) cardan joints (44) connecting the cardan shafts 00 ') are provided outside the housing for the wheel hubs (48). PAe Dr * Andrejewski, Dr. Honke New ÜnLüiiagsn (An. 7 _s ι from ₈ . 2 No. ι sentence a ^ amendment _Sgs sv4.9. 80 9806/0687