DE1407402B - Rope of thread for the manufacture of tobacco smoke filter elements - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a strand of thread for the production of tobacco smoke filter elements with a Content of a lubricant or slip agent and a method for making such a strand.

In the manufacture of tobacco smoke filter elements, it is known that endless ones packed into bales are used Strands of thread or cords made up of a multitude of endless, crimped individual threads. In general, strands of total denier from 80,000 to 250,000 denier are used, the individual threads having an individual titer of 1.3 to 16. The threads show an average per centimeter about 1.6 to 7.2 crimps. The strands of thread pulled from the bale are in front their deformation into filter elements initially puffed up or loosened up as well as spread out and in sprayed this state with a plasticizer or binder. This causes the individual threads in the subsequent deformation tied together and made rigid.

The effectiveness of the filter elements depends very much on the quality of the elements used to manufacture the elements Strands of thread, in particular the evenness of the crimp and the lightness, with which the strands puff up before the plasticizer or binder is applied and let spread out. Sections of weaker or no crimp at all have a particularly disadvantageous effect and sections of threads matted together.

For the production of tobacco smoke filter elements, thread strands made of cellulose acetate have proven to be particularly suitable proven. Such strands of thread are produced in a known manner by spinning of cellulose acetate solutions by the dry spinning process. After removing the solvent will be the spun threads around a so-called godet roll out, whereupon the strands pulled from several godet roles are combined and one Crimping device are fed. Before or after the godet roll are the spun threads treated with a lubricant or lubricant. It has proven advantageous to use the spun Threads, before they are led around the godet roll, over a rotating one, into a lubricant containing trough immersing cylindrical wetting roller. The one through the wetting roller The amount of lubricant or lubricant applied to the threads can easily be controlled by the contact angle and control the speed of rotation of the roll. In another known method, the Threads the lubricant over a wick, over which the threads are passed and that of is fed to a storage vessel. Applying a Lubricant is of crucial importance for the processability of the thread strands.

Strands of thread that have not been treated with any lubricant or lubricant can, in particular due to occurrence static electricity, not at all or only with great difficulty.

Used in the known method for producing strands of thread for tobacco smoke filter elements a wide variety of mineral oils, optionally in the form, are used as lubricants aqueous emulsions or together with a volatile diluent.

It has now been found, surprisingly, that the quality of tobacco smoke filter elements for the production of certain thread strands compared to the previously known thread strands significantly thereby can improve that one uses a lubricant or lubricant to produce the strands of thread, which contains a sorbitan derivative.

The invention therefore relates to a strand of thread for the production of tobacco smoke filter elements with a content of a lubricant or lubricant, characterized in that the strand a Lubricant or lubricant with a sorbitan derivative

ίο contains.

The invention also relates to a method

■ for the production of a strand of thread for the production of "tobacco smoke filter elements, in which one is on threads spun by the dry spinning process, in particular made of cellulose acetate, applies a lubricant or lubricant, forms a band from the threads and this crimps in a fabric sleeve crimping device, which is characterized in that applies a lubricant or lubricant to the threads,

ao that contains at least one sorbitan derivative.

Aqueous emulsions are expediently used in the process of the invention.

Preferably .bringtman on the threads a lubricant or lubricant consisting of mineral oil with a content of at least 5 ° / ₀ sorbitan derivative. Furthermore, the amount of lubricant or lubricant applied to the threads is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight.
Of the sorbitan derivatives, the laurates are preferably used, but derivatives of other long-chain acids, such as. B. polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate and sorbitan monopalmitate can be used. Particularly suitable laurates are: sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate.

The use of ternary mixtures of (A) a mineral oil, (B) sorbitan monolaurate and (C) polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate has proven to be particularly advantageous. Such ternary mixtures expediently consist of 50 to 90 percent by weight of component (A), 25 to 5 percent by weight of component (B) and 25 to 5 percent by weight of component (C). A ternary mixture has proven to be particularly advantageous which consists of 70 to 75 percent by weight of component (A), 12 to 17 percent by weight of component (B) and 10 to 15 percent by weight of component (C).
A mixture of sorbitan monopalmitate and a polyoxyethylene derivative of castor oil has also proven particularly advantageous.

The threads of the strands are preferably made of plasticizer-free, but plasticizable cellulose acetate with an acetyl group content of about 38 to 41%. The acetyl group content. however, it can also be higher and be around 44 ° / ₀ .

The production of a strand of yarn according to the invention is advantageously carried out in the following manner: First, a spinning solution of cellulose acetate having an acetyl group content is 38 to _41/0 ° prepared in acetone or another solvent. The solutions can then e.g. B. are spun according to the methods known from the US Patents 2,000,047 and 2,000,048, that is, the threads can have round, cloverleaf-shaped or Y-shaped cross-sections. Nozzles with nozzle openings of 0.030 to 0.045 mm in diameter are preferably used. When using acetone

as a solvent, the solution can be, for. B. spun at 55 ° C and a draft ratio of less than 1.8. :: · ■■ ';" Immediately after the threads have left the spinning chambers and before they are wound around the godet rolls, the lubricant is applied using the usual methods and devices. " ίο spönnen overall a nozzle filaments having a total denier of 1000 to 5000 Denier, so that in the production of yarn strands · ^"the threads of several nozzles must 'having a total 20,000 to 100,000 denier' are combined the titer of the individual. Threads can be 0.6 to 1.6 denier.

As particularly advantageous have sich.Stränge a total titer of 20,000 to 70,000 and, a single; titers of at most 5, preferably 2 to 3, have been proven. - ■■■■ »

The threads pulled from the godet rolls and gathered together then become one of the conventional and known cloth sleeve crimping devices supplied. The one generated in the device The degree of crimp should ■ be more than 1 * 6, preferably more than correspond to about 4 crimps per centimeter. ; If necessary, between godet roller and crimping device additional lubricant or lubricant can be applied to the threads.

A measure of the effectiveness of a lubricant is the ratio of kinetic friction ^; Exercise for dynamic friction between the threads of the thread strand and the surfaces of the fabric sleeve crimping device. The higher the ratio, the less favorable the effectiveness of the lubricant. A method for determining the ratio of kinetic friction to. Dynamic friction between the threads of a thread strand and the surfaces of a Stoffbuchsenkräuselungsvor- '■ direction, under the designation "stick-slip; Method "has become known, is described in detail in ^: the magazine" Textile Research Journal ", Vol. XXII, No. 9, 1953, pp. 647 to 657. :

The surprising advantageous effects that the sorbitan derivatives exert are thus also given to recognize that when carrying out the test with strands of thread treated with sorbitan derivatives low ratio values can be obtained, as will be shown later.

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention in more detail.

Example 1

_; According to the process described in US Pat. No. 2,829,027, a strand of cellulose acetate threads with a Y-shaped cross-section and a total denier of 68,000 denier was produced. The suture thread was passed over a coating roller, which in a lubricant bath consisting of a 10 ° / ₀ aqueous emulsion of a mixture of 60 ° / o sorbitan monopalmitate and 40 ° / ₀ of a Polyoxyäthylenderivates of castor oil dipped. 0.5 percent by weight, based on the non-aqueous lubricant, was applied to the thread strand. The strand was then crimped in a fabric sleeve crimping device in a known manner. The degree of crimp was 3.2 crimps per centimeter. The crimped strand of thread was then processed into cigarette filters in a known manner according to the method described in US Pat. No. 2,794,239. ■ ■ -. · · ■

The filters proved to be superior to such filters which were made from strands of thread, zii their manufacture as a lubricant. instead of Sorbitan monopalmitate and the castor oil derivative mineral oil would be used. '

Examples

, The procedure described in Example 1 was repeated, however, that this time except use as a lubricant a 10 ° / ₀ aqueous emulsion of a mixture of 70 ° / ₀ of mineral oil, 17 ° / ₀ Sorbitanmonölaurat "and 13 ° / ₀ Polyoxyäthylensorbitänmoholäurat When crimping, the water applied to the strand exerted an antistatic and softening effect, thereby facilitating uniform crimping. To achieve a crimp level of 3.2 crimps per centimeter, less fabric gland pressure was required than when processing one The crimp was also significantly more uniform than when processing a strand to which mineral oil alone was applied ve become compact bales without difficulty have it packed. ^: - ■

In processing the bales into filters, i. H. beira Withdrawing the strand of thread from the bale, the strands can be easily peeled off; whereby the manufacture Uniform filter rods are required. In particular, the monolaurates reduce the friction between the threads and promote training heavily fluffy filter. ;

. Example _'::: ;;;; /: ■■;

Cellulose acetate threads with a clover-leaf cross-section were spun using the method described in U.S. Pat form rollers rotated in.einer 4 ° / ₀ aqueous emulsion of a mixture of <75 ° / ₀ mineral oil having a viscosity of 85 to 95 SSU, 12.5 ° / "Sörbitanmönolaurat and 12.5 ° /" Polyoxyäthylensorbitanmonolaurat. The aqueous emulsion was applied in an amount such that the yarn strand 0.35 ° / ₀ containing the non-aqueous components. the individual titre of the spun filaments was 2. chambers leaving was the total denier of the yarn strand prepared 64000.. '...

The strand was then crimped as described. It became an excellent uniform curl get compact strand; which was easy to pack into bales. Bales became high density obtain. When processing the bales into cigarette filters, the compact strands turned out to be smooth pulled out of the bale. The lesser one Friction between the individual threads, which can be traced back to the use of the laurates, led to the filter manufacture to a better opening of the strand, so that practically no individual thread bundles remained in the line. Due to the good opening of the strand, in turn, this apply a plasticizer very evenly. In-

follow the even application of the plasticizer and in the absence of curl-free zones, the filters are uniformly strong. Own the filter rods a sleek simple cut. Laboratory tests showed improved uniformity of the Weight, volume and pressure drop.

Example 4

Starting openings of a spinning dope of 27.0% Celluloseester, 0.15 ° / ₀ of titanium dioxide, 1.55 ° / ₀ water and 71.3% acetone, and a spinneret with 600 of 0.04 mm in diameter, a suture thread was prepared from

IO 600 single threads with a single titer of 2.5 denier produced. The thread strand was treated with a 10% aqueous emulsion of 65% colorless mineral oil (viscosity 125 SSU at about 38 ° C), 20% sorbitan monooleate and 15% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. ... ">.

Several treated strands were then gathered together to form a 90,000 total denier strand. This strand was then crimped and made into filter elements. The improved Processability of the strands compared to those made using mineral oil, . results from the following table:

Lubricant:
mineral oil

Lubricant:
Emulsion of the example

Processing strength

Banding

Crossing points.

Spread .....

Ripple ..........

satisfactory

Well
few

Well

changing degree of crimp

good ·· ■■■■■■ ·.
Well

very few

excellent

low fluctuation of the

Degree of ripple

..'....... , '. . At sp i e 1 5

_; According to the dry spinning process, starting from a highly viscous solution of cellulose acetate in acetone, several strands of thread were produced. After spinning, about 0.5% of a lubricant made up of about 75% mineral oil and

3 ° each about 12.5% sorbitan monolaurate and · polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate applied.

This time the strands were crimped more than previously described, so that there were 6.4 crimps per 1 cm accounted for. The strands were then made into filter elements. The following results were obtained:

Single denier

Total denier

Viscosity of the textile thread

Spinning viscosity at 55 ° C in poise

Nozzle openings, diameter in mm

Pressure drop in the filter

.% of the removed tar constituents ..

2.1 44 400 1.2 0.6 110 31000 28,000 350 to 400 200 1000 0.04 350 to 400 350 to 400 1.8 0.035 0.03 35 1.8 1.8 40 43

'; The percentage. of the extracted tar components was determined using cigarettes consisting of a 70 mm long tobacco-filled and a 15 mm long filter element passed compared to 85 mm long filterless cigarettes. The filter cigarettes and the comparative cigarettes were made using known devices and methods smoked to the same stub length.

The results obtained show that particularly advantageous strands with a degree of crimp of about 6.4 are those with a single denier of are less than 3 deniers and a total denier of 30,000 to 50,000 deniers.

Examples

A measure of the effectiveness of a lubricant is, as has already been pointed out, after the so-called stick-slip method, a determinable ratio of kinetic to dynamic friction box crimping device between the threads of a strand of thread and the surfaces of the walls of a fabric.

In compliance with the test conditions described in the Textile Research Journal, 6g Vol. XXII, No. 9, 1953, pp. 647 to 657, the ratios were determined using strands of thread having a denier of 150 denier. The test yarn strands were subjected only to the other mineral oil and an emulsion of 70 ° / ₀ mineral oil, 17% sorbitan monolaurate and 13% Polyoxyäthylensorbitanmonolaurat were used in their preparation as a lubricant once. At the strand speed of 63.4 cm per minute, a value of 50 was obtained when processing the strand treated only with mineral oil and a value of 32 when processing the strand treated according to the invention. This corresponds to a reduction in friction of 36%.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Rope of thread for the production of tobacco smoke filter elements with a content of one Lubricant or lubricant, characterized in that the strand is a lubricant or Contains lubricant with a sorbitan derivative. 2. Process for the production of a strand of thread for the production of tobacco smoke filter elements according to claim 1, in which the threads spun by the dry spinning process, in particular made of cellulose acetate, a lubricant or lubricant. applies a ribbon from the threads forms and this in a fabric bush frill ι 4U / 402 treatment device curls, characterized in that a lubricant or lubricant is applied to the threads applies, which contains at least one sorbitan derivative. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that applying to the yarns a lubricant or a lubricant consisting of mineral oil with a content of at least 5 ° / ₀ sorbitan derivative. 4. The method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that one on the threads Lubricant or lubricant made from sorbitan mono- palmitate and a polyoxyethylene derivative of castor oil. 5. The method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that one on the threads Lubricants or lubricants made from mineral oil, sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate brings up. 6. Process according to Claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the threads 0.1 to 3 percent by weight of the lubricant or lubricant applies. . 909536/168