US2271184A - Staple fiber and yarn - Google Patents

Staple fiber and yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US2271184A
US2271184A US372499A US37249940A US2271184A US 2271184 A US2271184 A US 2271184A US 372499 A US372499 A US 372499A US 37249940 A US37249940 A US 37249940A US 2271184 A US2271184 A US 2271184A
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United States
Prior art keywords
staple fibers
length
cellulose
artificial
fibers
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US372499A
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Dreyfus Camille
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/28—Cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the preparation of spinnable mixtures of artificial staple fibers and spun yarns made of or containing such artificial staple fibers.
  • An important object of my invention is the preparation of staple fiber mixtures containing staple fibers of such physical characteristics as to permit of the successful spinning of the mix-- ture of staple fibers into a yarn.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved spun yarn, which is of improved strength characteristics, from a mixture of staple fibers of different physical characteristics.
  • This mixture is then subjected to a spinning operation whereby the staple fibers of such difierent physical characteristics are associated together to form a uniform, strong and commercially satisfactory spun yarn.
  • the staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their length employed in accordance with my invention may be all of the same average denier, say, from 1 to 14, or may comprise a blend of-staple fibers of different This is due to the fact deniers within a range of 1 to 14.
  • Either 'component or both components of the mixture of artificial fibers may comprise a mixture of staple fibers of various deniers, that is the staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their length may be of different deniers or the thickand-thin staple fibers may be of various average deniers or the mixture-may comprise both types of staple fibers the deniers of which are different.
  • the thick-and-thin staple fibers preferably also vary inlength.
  • the fibersemployed in accordance with this invention may range in length from 1 to 12 inches. However, it is preferred to use fibers ranging from 1%; to 7 inches in length for most types of processes. Moreover, in a mixture of staple fibers of difierent deniers, the length of the fibers may vary from 25 to The staple fibers employed in accordance with the present invention may be made by cutting or tearing into the desired staple length the continuous or substantially continuous filaments of regular or varying denier.
  • the filaments from which the staple fibers are prepared may have a basis of cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivative produced by the dry or evaporative method or by the wet or coagulation method of spinning.
  • Mixtures of other cellulose derivatives which may form the basis of the staple fibers are cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose aceto-propionate, cellulose aceto-butyrate, thio-carbamic and alkoxy alkacyl esters of cellulose, cellulose ethers such as ethyl and benzyl cellulose, and the condensation products of cellulose with glycols and other polyhydric alcohols.
  • ester-ethers of cellulose such as, for example, acetates of cellulose hydroxy-ethyl ethers and synthetic linear polyamide condensation products may be employed.
  • the yarns of cellulose acetate from which the staple fibers having a varying denier along their length are made, may be given a varying denier continuously with their production by the dry or evaporative method by any of the means described in U. S. Patents Nos. 1,898,085, 2,004,139, 2,064,279, 2,116,548 and 2,116,660.
  • the artificial fibers may be made from artificial silk of the reconstituted cellulose type, such as viscose, nitro and cuprammonium artificial silk; Furthermore, natural fibers, such as cotton, natural silk, wool, etc., may be blended with the artificial staple fibers.
  • the staple fibers employed in accordance wit this invention may contain, if desired, suitable effect materials, such as pigments, filling materials, dyes or lakes, fire retardants, plasticizers, sizes, lubricants, etc. These efiect materials may be applied during the formation of the filaments from which the staple fibers are made with or without the aid of swelling agents for the derivative of cellulose are used, or the effect materials may be applied to the staple fibers in other suitable manners.
  • suitable effect materials such as pigments, filling materials, dyes or lakes, fire retardants, plasticizers, sizes, lubricants, etc.
  • a blend of staple fibers comprising staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between one and fourteen, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate.
  • a blend of staple fibers comprising artificial staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches, of different deniers and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with artificial staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between oneand fourteen.
  • a blend of staple fibers comprising staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate and having various deniers ranging from 1 to 14, and being of irregular length from one to twelve inches.
  • a yarn comprising a mixture of staple fibers containing artificial staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length and artificial staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between one and fourteen.
  • a yarn comprising a mixture of staple fibers containing staple fibers of irregular length and staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate and being of different deniers ranging from 1 to 14 and also being of irregular length from one to twelve inches.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Description

Patented Jan. 27, 1942 Camille Dreyfus, New York, N. Y.
N Drawing. Application December 31, 1940, Serial No. 372,499
6 Claims.
This invention relates to the preparation of spinnable mixtures of artificial staple fibers and spun yarns made of or containing such artificial staple fibers.
An important object of my invention is the preparation of staple fiber mixtures containing staple fibers of such physical characteristics as to permit of the successful spinning of the mix-- ture of staple fibers into a yarn.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved spun yarn, which is of improved strength characteristics, from a mixture of staple fibers of different physical characteristics.
Other objects of this invention will appear from the following detailed description.
The preparation of a spun yarn from staple fibers made of artificial filaments or threads presents serious difficulties. that the artificial staple fibers heretofore employed did not interlock or adhere to each other during the carding operation to the extent that ti qi'rsly associated together to form a highly satisfactory spun yarn. Yarns made in accordance with this invention are stronger and more uniform than spun yarns made from artificial fibers by, prior processes.
accordance with my invention, I mix or blend together staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their length and of irregular length with staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and which preferably are of irregular length. This mixture is then subjected to a spinning operation whereby the staple fibers of such difierent physical characteristics are associated together to form a uniform, strong and commercially satisfactory spun yarn. The staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their length employed in accordance with my invention may be all of the same average denier, say, from 1 to 14, or may comprise a blend of-staple fibers of different This is due to the fact deniers within a range of 1 to 14. Either 'component or both components of the mixture of artificial fibers may comprise a mixture of staple fibers of various deniers, that is the staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their length may be of different deniers or the thickand-thin staple fibers may be of various average deniers or the mixture-may comprise both types of staple fibers the deniers of which are different. The thick-and-thin staple fibers preferably also vary inlength. v
The fibersemployed in accordance with this invention may range in length from 1 to 12 inches. However, it is preferred to use fibers ranging from 1%; to 7 inches in length for most types of processes. Moreover, in a mixture of staple fibers of difierent deniers, the length of the fibers may vary from 25 to The staple fibers employed in accordance with the present invention may be made by cutting or tearing into the desired staple length the continuous or substantially continuous filaments of regular or varying denier.
In accordance with this invention, the filaments from which the staple fibers are prepared may have a basis of cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivative produced by the dry or evaporative method or by the wet or coagulation method of spinning. Mixtures of other cellulose derivatives which may form the basis of the staple fibers are cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose aceto-propionate, cellulose aceto-butyrate, thio-carbamic and alkoxy alkacyl esters of cellulose, cellulose ethers such as ethyl and benzyl cellulose, and the condensation products of cellulose with glycols and other polyhydric alcohols. Similarly ester-ethers of cellulose such as, for example, acetates of cellulose hydroxy-ethyl ethers and synthetic linear polyamide condensation products may be employed. The yarns of cellulose acetate from which the staple fibers having a varying denier along their length are made, may be given a varying denier continuously with their production by the dry or evaporative method by any of the means described in U. S. Patents Nos. 1,898,085, 2,004,139, 2,064,279, 2,116,548 and 2,116,660. The artificial fibers, moreover, may be made from artificial silk of the reconstituted cellulose type, such as viscose, nitro and cuprammonium artificial silk; Furthermore, natural fibers, such as cotton, natural silk, wool, etc., may be blended with the artificial staple fibers. I
The staple fibers employed in accordance wit this invention may contain, if desired, suitable effect materials, such as pigments, filling materials, dyes or lakes, fire retardants, plasticizers, sizes, lubricants, etc. These efiect materials may be applied during the formation of the filaments from which the staple fibers are made with or without the aid of swelling agents for the derivative of cellulose are used, or the effect materials may be applied to the staple fibers in other suitable manners.
It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illuser along their individual length mixed with artificial staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between one and fourteen.
2. A blend of staple fibers comprising staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between one and fourteen, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate.
3. A blend of staple fibers comprising artificial staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches, of different deniers and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with artificial staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between oneand fourteen.
4. A blend of staple fibers comprising staple fibers of substantially uniform denier along their individual length mixed with staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate and having various deniers ranging from 1 to 14, and being of irregular length from one to twelve inches.
5. A yarn comprising a mixture of staple fibers containing artificial staple fibers of irregular length from one to twelve inches and of substantially uniform denier along their individual length and artificial staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof and having a denier between one and fourteen.
6. A yarn comprising a mixture of staple fibers containing staple fibers of irregular length and staple fibers having thick and thin portions along the length thereof, said staple fibers having a basis of cellulose acetate and being of different deniers ranging from 1 to 14 and also being of irregular length from one to twelve inches.
CAMILLE DREYFUS.
US372499A 1940-12-31 1940-12-31 Staple fiber and yarn Expired - Lifetime US2271184A (en)

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2460377A (en) * 1945-10-02 1949-02-01 Celanese Corp Filaments of plasticized lower fatty acid esters of cellulose
US2542314A (en) * 1945-06-06 1951-02-20 Comptoir Textiles Artificiels Method of making mixed yarns
US2794239A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tow for use in the production of tobacco smoke filters
US2794480A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US2911782A (en) * 1954-10-22 1959-11-10 Neisler Brothers Inc Apparatus and method for making shantung yarn
US3007227A (en) * 1957-04-30 1961-11-07 Du Pont Staple fiber blends
US3046724A (en) * 1958-04-23 1962-07-31 Du Pont Yarn for novel fabrics
US3058290A (en) * 1956-01-20 1962-10-16 British Celanese Artificial textile products
US3110059A (en) * 1957-02-12 1963-11-12 Courtaulds Ltd Production of yarns of irregular denier
US3218792A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-11-23 Courtaulds Ltd Cellulosic textile material
US3231463A (en) * 1960-10-31 1966-01-25 Armour & Co Method for treating collagen fibers
US4384450A (en) * 1979-08-13 1983-05-24 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn
US4400426A (en) * 1981-11-03 1983-08-23 Warnaco Inc. Thermal insulation material comprising a mixture of silk and synthetic fiber staple
US4466237A (en) * 1980-12-16 1984-08-21 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn
US4472481A (en) * 1983-11-16 1984-09-18 Monsanto Company Carpet fiber blends
US20090220784A1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-09-03 Blitstein Joseph Frederic Composite alpaca yarn and process for making same
WO2019020547A1 (en) 2017-07-24 2019-01-31 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. A method of producing a yarn and a fabric having the look and feel of natural fibers

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542314A (en) * 1945-06-06 1951-02-20 Comptoir Textiles Artificiels Method of making mixed yarns
US2460377A (en) * 1945-10-02 1949-02-01 Celanese Corp Filaments of plasticized lower fatty acid esters of cellulose
US2794239A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Tow for use in the production of tobacco smoke filters
US2794480A (en) * 1952-12-05 1957-06-04 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US2911782A (en) * 1954-10-22 1959-11-10 Neisler Brothers Inc Apparatus and method for making shantung yarn
US3058290A (en) * 1956-01-20 1962-10-16 British Celanese Artificial textile products
US3110059A (en) * 1957-02-12 1963-11-12 Courtaulds Ltd Production of yarns of irregular denier
US3007227A (en) * 1957-04-30 1961-11-07 Du Pont Staple fiber blends
US3046724A (en) * 1958-04-23 1962-07-31 Du Pont Yarn for novel fabrics
US3231463A (en) * 1960-10-31 1966-01-25 Armour & Co Method for treating collagen fibers
US3218792A (en) * 1961-10-02 1965-11-23 Courtaulds Ltd Cellulosic textile material
US4384450A (en) * 1979-08-13 1983-05-24 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn
US4466237A (en) * 1980-12-16 1984-08-21 Celanese Corporation Mixed fiber length yarn
US4400426A (en) * 1981-11-03 1983-08-23 Warnaco Inc. Thermal insulation material comprising a mixture of silk and synthetic fiber staple
US4472481A (en) * 1983-11-16 1984-09-18 Monsanto Company Carpet fiber blends
US20090220784A1 (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-09-03 Blitstein Joseph Frederic Composite alpaca yarn and process for making same
US7882687B2 (en) 2007-08-30 2011-02-08 Blitstein Joseph Frederic Composite Alpaca yarn and process for making same
WO2019020547A1 (en) 2017-07-24 2019-01-31 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. A method of producing a yarn and a fabric having the look and feel of natural fibers
US11203820B2 (en) 2017-07-24 2021-12-21 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Method of producing a yarn and a fabric having the look and feel of natural fibers
US11959200B2 (en) 2017-07-24 2024-04-16 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A. S. Method of producing a yarn and a fabric having the look and feel of natural fibers

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