DE133220C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE133220C DE133220C DENDAT133220D DE133220DC DE133220C DE 133220 C DE133220 C DE 133220C DE NDAT133220 D DENDAT133220 D DE NDAT133220D DE 133220D C DE133220D C DE 133220DC DE 133220 C DE133220 C DE 133220C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- carbide
- decomposed
- melting point
- evaporate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001681 protective Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium carbide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[C-]#[C-] UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B31/00—Electric arc lamps
- H05B31/02—Details
- H05B31/06—Electrodes
- H05B31/065—Electrodes for flame arc lamps
Landscapes
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
M 133220 KLASSE 21/. M 133220 CLASS 21 /.
Dr. HERMAN J. KEYZER in AMSTERDAM.Dr. HERMAN J. KEYZER in AMSTERDAM.
zersetzt wird.is decomposed.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 6. Oktober 1901 ab.Patented in the German Empire on October 6, 1901.
Elektroden für Bogenlampen, welche aus solchem Carbid hergestellt werden, welches vom Wasser in Acetylen oder andere Gase umgesetzt wird, wie z. B. Calciumcarbid, geben eine ungemein gröfsere Helligkeit beim Brennen in Bogenlampen als gewöhnliche Kohlenelektroden. Electrodes for arc lamps made from such carbide as is converted by the water into acetylene or other gases, such as. B. calcium carbide give an immensely greater brightness when burning in arc lamps than ordinary carbon electrodes.
Der Verwendung solcher Elektroden stellt sich nun die Schwierigkeit entgegen, dafs das Carbid von der Luftfeuchtigkeit zersetzt wird, so dafs solche Elektroden in ganz kurzer Zeit — es genügt in den meisten Fällen ι oder 2 Stunden — in Pulver zerfallen.The use of such electrodes is faced with the difficulty that this Carbide is decomposed by the air humidity, so that such electrodes in a very short time - in most cases ι or 2 hours - disintegrate into powder.
Nach langwierigen Versuchen ist es nun gelungen, ein Verfahren zu finden, welches gestattet, solche Carbidelektroden gegen Luftfeuchtigkeit vollständig zu schützen, und besteht dieses darin, dafs die Elektroden mit einer schützenden Metallhülle umgeben werden, welche vortheilhaft nach der vollendeten Herstellung der Elektroden, also nachdem dieselben im Glühofen gebrannt sind, mechanisch über die Elektroden gezogen wird.After lengthy attempts it has now been possible to find a method which allows to protect such carbide electrodes completely against humidity, and consists this in that the electrodes are surrounded by a protective metal cover, which are advantageous after the electrodes have been manufactured, that is, after the same are burned in the annealing furnace, is drawn mechanically over the electrodes.
Die Metalle, welche bei gewöhnlichen Kohlenelektroden Verwendung finden, wie z. B. Kupfer, lassen sich nicht für solche Carbidelektroden benutzen, da erstens deren Schmelzpunkt viel zu hoch ist, zweitens speciell Kupfer mit dem Carbid bei dem geringsten Feuchtigkeitszutritt eine Explosion des entwickelten Acetylens bewirkt, so dafs die Elektroden aus einander platzen.The metals that are used in ordinary carbon electrodes, such as. B. copper, cannot be used for such carbide electrodes, firstly because their melting point is high is too high, secondly, especially copper with the carbide with the slightest ingress of moisture an explosion of the evolved acetylene causes the electrodes to come apart burst.
Es lassen sich nur solche Metalle verwenden, die so früh verdampfen bezw. schmelzen, dafs deren Schmelzpunkt oder Verdampfungspunkt unter 10500 liegt.Only those metals can be used that evaporate or evaporate so early. melt, that the melting point or boiling point below 1050 0 lies.
Die Temperatur, welche in dem Krater der Carbidelektroden sich bildet, ist scheinbar so gering, dafs, wenn z. B. Eisen oder auch Kupfer und Nickel für Carbidelektroden als Hülle verwendet werden, diese absolut nicht schmelzen, während diese Metalle sofort verdampfen, wenn sie um .Kohlenelektroden gelegt werden.The temperature which forms in the crater of the carbide electrodes is apparently like this low, that if z. B. iron or copper and nickel for carbide electrodes as Shell are used, they absolutely do not melt, while these metals evaporate immediately, when they are placed around carbon electrodes.
Die gröfste Leuchtkraft der Carbidelektroden liegt in dem Flammenbogen selbst und wird auch scheinbar in diesem eine viel höhere Temperatur als in dem Krater erzeugt. Daher werden solche Metallhüllen nur dann frühzeitig geschmolzen oder verdampft, wenn die Schmelzoder Verdampfungstemperatur niedrig liegt.The greatest luminosity of the carbide electrodes lies in the flame arc itself and is also apparently in this a much higher temperature than in the crater. Therefore such metal shells are only melted or evaporated prematurely when the melting or Evaporation temperature is low.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dafs vortheilhaft Zinn, Zink, Magnesium, Messing oder vor allem Aluminium verwendet werden kann.It has been shown that tin, zinc, magnesium, brass, or above all else, are advantageous Aluminum can be used.
Bei gewöhnlichen Kohlen- oder Carborundum-Elektroden haben die Metallhüllen einen ganz anderen Zweck, indem sie hier entweder zur Erhöhung der Leitungsfähigkeit oder zur Färbung des Lichtes dienen sollen. In vorliegendem Falle haben jedoch die Umhüllungen speciell den Zweck, die Carbidelektroden, welche sonst von der Luftfeuchtigkeit zerlegt werden, gegen diese zu schützen.With ordinary carbon or carborundum electrodes The metal sheaths have a completely different purpose, either to increase the conductivity or to Coloring of the light should serve. In the present case, however, the casings have Specially the purpose of the carbide electrodes, which are otherwise broken down by the humidity, to protect against this.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE133220C true DE133220C (en) |
Family
ID=401442
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT133220D Active DE133220C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE133220C (en) |
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- DE DENDAT133220D patent/DE133220C/de active Active
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