DE1300554B - Process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters - Google Patents
Process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid estersInfo
- Publication number
- DE1300554B DE1300554B DEK64309A DEK0064309A DE1300554B DE 1300554 B DE1300554 B DE 1300554B DE K64309 A DEK64309 A DE K64309A DE K0064309 A DEK0064309 A DE K0064309A DE 1300554 B DE1300554 B DE 1300554B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- acetate
- weight
- carboxylic acid
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium Chemical compound [U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U][U] DNYWZCXLKNTFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- COQLPRJCUIATTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uranyl acetate Chemical compound O.O.O=[U]=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O COQLPRJCUIATTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 alkaline earth metal carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CC=CC=C1 MGNZXYYWBUKAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentadiene Chemical compound C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/1616—Coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes, immobilised on an inorganic support, e.g. ship-in-a-bottle type catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/04—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing carboxylic acids or their salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/22—Organic complexes
- B01J31/2204—Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
- B01J31/2208—Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
- B01J31/2226—Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
- B01J31/223—At least two oxygen atoms present in one at least bidentate or bridging ligand
- B01J31/2239—Bridging ligands, e.g. OAc in Cr2(OAc)4, Pt4(OAc)8 or dicarboxylate ligands
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/04—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C07C67/05—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation
- C07C67/055—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds with oxidation in the presence of platinum group metals or their compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/40—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J31/4015—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals
- B01J31/4023—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper
- B01J31/4038—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts containing metals containing iron group metals, noble metals or copper containing noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Die Herstellung ungesättigter Ester von Carbonsäuren durch Umsetzung einer olefinischen Verbindung und einer aliphatischen oder aromatischen Carbonsäure mit molekularem Sauerstoff bzw. Luft in der Gasphase bei erhöhter Temperatur an einem Trägerkatalysator, welcher Verbindungen von Ruthenium, Rhodium, Palladium, Osmium, Iridium oder Platin und gegebenenfalls noch Verbindungen von Kupfer, Silber, Gold, Zink, Cadmium, Zinn, Blei, Chrom, Molybdän, Wolfram, Mangan, Eisen, Cobalt oder Nickel sowie Alkali- oder Erdalkalicarboxylate enthält, ist bekannt. Die geschilderte Umsetzung vollzieht sich summarisch nach der bekannten Gleichung R-CH= CH-R' + R"-COOH + 0,5 O2 R"COOCR = CHR'+ + H2O wobei R, R' und R" Wasserstoff oder aliphatische, cycloaliphatische oder aromatische Radikale mit bis zu 17 C-Atomen bedeuten. So erhält man z.B. aus Äthylen, Essigsäure und Sauerstoff das technisch besonders wichtige Vinylacetat. The production of unsaturated esters of carboxylic acids by reaction an olefinic compound and an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid with molecular oxygen or air in the gas phase at an elevated temperature a supported catalyst, which compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, Osmium, iridium or platinum and possibly also compounds of copper, silver, Gold, zinc, cadmium, tin, lead, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, iron, cobalt or contains nickel and alkali or alkaline earth metal carboxylates is known. The one described Implementation takes place according to the well-known equation R-CH = CH-R '+ R "-COOH + 0.5 O2 R "COOCR = CHR '+ + H2O where R, R' and R" are hydrogen or aliphatic, mean cycloaliphatic or aromatic radicals with up to 17 carbon atoms. So For example, from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen, what is technically particularly important is obtained Vinyl acetate.
Wegen des infolge ihres Edelmetallgehaltes hohen Preises der Katalysatoren ist es für eine wirtschaftliche Nutzung des Verfahrens von großer Bedeutung, Katalysatoren mit hoher Lebensdauer und hoher Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute bei guten Ausbeuten zu entwickeln. Because of the high price of the catalysts due to their precious metal content it is of great importance for an economic use of the process to use catalysts to develop with a long service life and high space-time yield with good yields.
Die Erfindung betrifft nun ein Verfahren zur Herstellung ungesättigter Carbonsäurenester, wobei man eine olefinische Verbindung und eine aliphatische oder aromatische Carbonsäure mit je 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen mit molekularem Sauerstoff bzw. Luft in der Gasphase bei erhöhter Temperatur an einem Trägerkatalysator umsetzt, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß man die Umsetzung in Gegenwart eines Trägerkatalysators, das als aktive Bestandteile 0,1 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent Palladiumacetat, 0,1 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent Alkaliacetat und 0,1 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent einer oder mehrerer Verbindungen des Urans enthält, durchführt. The invention now relates to a process for the production of unsaturated Carboxylic acid esters, one being an olefinic compound and an aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid with 2 to 20 carbon atoms each with molecular oxygen or air converts in the gas phase at an elevated temperature on a supported catalyst, which is characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of a supported catalyst, that as active ingredients 0.1 to 20 percent by weight palladium acetate, 0.1 to 20 percent by weight alkali acetate and 0.1 to 10 percent by weight of one or more Contains compounds of uranium.
Der Trägerkatalysator kann als Trägerstoff Kieselsäure, Kieselgur, Kieselgel, Diatomeenerde, Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumsilikat, Aluminiumphosphat, Bimsstein, Siliziumkarbid, Asbest oder Aktivkohle und als aktive Bestandteile 0,2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent Palladiumacetat, 0,2 bis 10 Gewichtsprozent Alkaliacetat und 0,2 bis 3 Gewichtsprozent einer oder mehrerer Verbindungen-des Urans enthalten. Vorzugsweise enthält der Trägerkatalysator Uranylacetat. The supported catalyst can be used as carrier material silica, kieselguhr, Silica gel, diatomaceous earth, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, aluminum phosphate, pumice stone, Silicon carbide, asbestos or activated carbon and as active ingredients 0.2 to 10 percent by weight Palladium acetate, 0.2 to 10 percent by weight alkali acetate and 0.2 to 3 percent by weight contain one or more compounds of uranium. The supported catalyst preferably contains Uranyl acetate.
Die olefinische Verbindung mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist vorzugsweise ein aliphatisches oder cycloaliphatisches Olefin oder Diolefin, insbesondere Äthylen, Propylen, Buten, Butadien, Penten, Cyclopentadien, Cyclohexen oder Cyclohexadien. Die Carbonsäure mit 2 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen ist vorzugsweise Essigsäure, Propionsäure, Buttersäure, Isobuttersäure, Valeriansäure, Laurinsäure, Palmitinsäure, Stearinsäure oder Benzoesäure. The olefinic compound having 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferred an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic olefin or diolefin, especially ethylene, Propylene, butene, butadiene, pentene, cyclopentadiene, cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene. The carboxylic acid with 2 to 20 carbon atoms is preferably acetic acid, propionic acid, Butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or benzoic acid.
Zum Zwecke der Herstellung des Katalysators tränkt man den Träger mit einer wäßrig-essigsauren Lösung aus Palladiumacetat, den Verbindungen des Urans, z. B. Uranylacetat, sowie mit Alkaliacetat. For the purpose of preparing the catalyst, the support is impregnated with an aqueous acetic acid solution of palladium acetate, the compounds of uranium, z. B. uranyl acetate, as well as with alkali acetate.
Nach der Tränkung wird der Kontakt im Vakuumtrockenschrank bei etwa 50"C getrocknet. Die unterschiedliche Löslichkeit von Palladiumacetat einerseits und Uranylacetat andererseits kann es erforderlich machen, das Palladiumacetat in reiner Essigsäure gelöst anzuwenden, den imprägnierten Träger zwischenzeitlich zu trocknen und danach mit einer wäßrigen Lösung aus z. B. Uranylacetat und Alkaliacetat nachzutränken. Die Reihenfolge der Tränkung und die Art der Lösungsmittel sind jedoch für die vorliegende Erfindung ohne Bedeutung. Nach der Trocknung kann man den pulverförmigen Katalysator in flacher Schicht und unter öfterem Umwälzen eine halbe bis 10 Stunden lang einer Bestrahlung mit ultraviolettem und/oder sichtbarem Licht aussetzen.After soaking, the contact in the vacuum drying cabinet is at about 50 "C. The different solubility of palladium acetate on the one hand and uranyl acetate on the other hand, it may be required make the palladium acetate in To apply pure acetic acid dissolved, the impregnated carrier in the meantime to dry and then with an aqueous solution of z. B. uranyl acetate and alkali acetate to replenish. However, the order of impregnation and the type of solvent are irrelevant to the present invention. After drying you can use the powdery Catalyst in a flat layer and with frequent circulation for half an hour to 10 hours Long exposure to ultraviolet and / or visible light.
Zur Erzielung eines Effektes ist es im allgemeinen erforderlich, daß je Liter Katalysator Lichtmengen von 0,1 bis 100, vorzugsweise 1 bis 50, Wattstunden aufgenommen werden. Hierdurch läßt sich die Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute im Vergleich zum unbelichteten Kontakt um 60 bis 800/o steigern. Über den auf diese Weise hergestellten Katalysator wird nun in einem Rohr aus einem unter der Bezeichnung »VA-Stahi« im Handel erhältlichen Stahl ein Gasgemisch aus dem umzusetzenden Olefin, verdampfter Carbonsäure und Sauerstoff bei Temperaturen von 120 bis 250, vorzugsweise 150 bis 2000 C und Drücken von 0,5 bis 20, vorzugsweise 2 bis 10, ata geleitet.In order to achieve an effect, it is generally necessary that Amounts of light from 0.1 to 100, preferably 1 to 50, watt hours per liter of catalyst be included. This allows the space-time yield compared to Increase unexposed contact by 60 to 800 / o. About the one made this way The catalyst is now placed in a tube made of a stainless steel called "VA-Stahi" Commercially available steel a gas mixture from the olefin to be converted, evaporated Carboxylic acid and oxygen at temperatures from 120 to 250, preferably 150 to 2000 C and pressures of 0.5 to 20, preferably 2 to 10, ata passed.
Aus dem den Reaktor verlassenden Reaktionsgemisch werden die Reaktionsprodukte und die unumgesetzte Carbonsäure durch Kondensation gewonnen. Zum Beispiel erhält man bei Anwendung eines Katalysators aus Palladiumacetat, Uranylacetat und Kaliumacetat auf Kieselsäure als Träger und unter Einsatz von Äthylen als Olefin sowie Essigsäure als Carbonsäure bei 180"C und 6 ata Druck am unbelichteten Katalysator eine Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute von stündlich 94 g Vinylacetat je Liter Katalysator und am belichteten Katalysator eine solche von stündlich 160 g Vinylacetat je Liter Katalysator.The reaction products are obtained from the reaction mixture leaving the reactor and the unreacted carboxylic acid obtained by condensation. For example receives when using a catalyst composed of palladium acetate, uranyl acetate and potassium acetate on silica as a carrier and using ethylene as an olefin and acetic acid as a carboxylic acid at 180 ° C. and 6 ata pressure on the unexposed catalyst, a space-time yield of 94 g of vinyl acetate per hour per liter of catalyst and on the exposed catalyst one of 160 g per hour of vinyl acetate per liter of catalyst.
Beispiel 1 (Vergleichsbeispiel) Man tränkte 1 1 eines Kieselsäureträgers mit der BET-Oberfläche (bestimmt nach B r u n a u e r, Emanuel und Teller, J. Am. Soc. Ar. [1938] 309) 120 m2/g und der Schüttdichte 0,52 kg/l mit einer Lösung aus 7,8 g Pd-acetat und 20 g K-acetat in 800 cm3 reiner Essigsäure. Die Flüssigkeitsmenge wurde vom Träger fast vollständig aufgesaugt. Der imprägnierte Träger wurde bei 500 C im Vakuum getrocknet und war damit einsatzbereit. Der Trägerkatalysator enthielt 1,5 Gewichtsprozent Pd-acetat und 3,85 Gewichtsprozent K-acetat. Example 1 (comparative example) 1 liter of a silica carrier was impregnated with the BET surface area (determined according to B r u n a u e r, Emanuel and Teller, J. Am. Soc. Ar. [1938] 309) 120 m2 / g and the bulk density 0.52 kg / l with a solution 7.8 g of Pd acetate and 20 g of K acetate in 800 cm3 of pure acetic acid. The amount of fluid was almost completely absorbed by the wearer. The impregnated carrier was at 500 C in a vacuum and was ready for use. The supported catalyst contained 1.5 percent by weight of Pd acetate and 3.85 percent by weight of K acetate.
Der Katalysator wurde in ein mit einem Dampfmantel beheiztes Edelstahlrohr von 25 mm Durchmesser eingefüllt, das mit einer Vorrichtung für Temperaturmessungen versehen war. Bei einer Temperatur von 1800C und einem Druck von 6 ata wurde über den Kontakt eine Mischung aus 750 g/h verdampfter Essigsäure, 750 Nl/h Äthylen und 450 Nl/h Luft geleitet. Aus dem Reaktionsgas wurden durch Kühlung mit Wasser und Kältemischung das Reaktionsprodukt und die unumgesetzte Essigsäure herauskondensiert. Die Analyse des Reaktionsgemisches ergab eine Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute von 50 g Vinylacetat je Liter Katalysator und Stunde. The catalyst was placed in a stainless steel tube heated with a steam jacket of 25 mm diameter filled with a device for temperature measurements was provided. At a temperature of 1800C and a pressure of 6 ata was over contact a mixture of 750 g / h of evaporated acetic acid, 750 Nl / h of ethylene and 450 Nl / h air. The reaction gas was cooled with water and Cold mixture condenses out the reaction product and the unreacted acetic acid. Analysis of the reaction mixture showed a space-time yield of 50 g of vinyl acetate per liter of catalyst and hour.
Beispiel 2 1 1 Katalysatorträgermasse aus Beispiel 1 wurde mit einer essigsauren Lösung, die 7,8 g Pd-acetat, 20 g K-acetat und 18 g Uranylacetat (UO2(CH3COO)2 .2 2 H2O) enthielt, getränkt. Die Lösungsmenge wurde so bemessen, daß sie von der Katalysatormasse gerade noch aufgenommen wurde. Anschließend wurde der Katalysator bei 50"C im Vakuum getrocknet und ohne jede weitere Behandlung in den Reaktionsofen eingesetzt. Der Trägerkatalysator enthielt 1, 5 Gewichtsprozent Pd-acetat, 3,85 Gewichtsprozent K-acetat und 3,17 Gewichtsprozent (wasserfreies) Uranylacetat. Unter den im Beispiel 1 angegebenen Bedingungen wurden bei einer mittleren Ausbeute von 88 bis 890/ob auf umgesetztes Äthylen bezogen, Kontaktleistungen (Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute) von 90 bis 100 g Vinylacetat je Liter Katalysator und Stunde erhalten. Example 2 1 1 catalyst support mass from Example 1 was with a acetic acid solution, the 7.8 g Pd acetate, 20 g of K acetate and 18 g Uranyl acetate (UO2 (CH3COO) 2 .2 2 H2O), soaked. The amount of solution was dimensioned so that it was just absorbed by the catalyst mass. Afterward the catalyst was dried at 50 ° C. in vacuo and without any further treatment used in the reaction furnace. The supported catalyst contained 1.5 percent by weight Pd acetate, 3.85 percent by weight K acetate and 3.17 percent by weight (anhydrous) Uranyl acetate. Under the conditions given in Example 1, a medium Yield from 88 to 890 / whether based on converted ethylene, contact performance (space-time yield) obtained from 90 to 100 g of vinyl acetate per liter of catalyst per hour.
Nach einer Betriebszeit von 4 Wochen war noch kein Nachlassen der Katalysatorleistung festzustellen.After an operating time of 4 weeks there was still no decrease in the Determine catalyst performance.
Beispiel 3 Der im Beispiel 2 beschriebene Katalysator wurde nach dem Trocknen mit einer 700-Watt-UV-Lampe aus einer Entfernung von 60 cm 4 Stunden bestrahlt. Example 3 The catalyst described in Example 2 was after drying with a 700 watt UV lamp from a distance of 60 cm for 4 hours irradiated.
Dieser so durch eine Nachbehandlung aktivierte Katalysator ergab unter den im Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Bedingungen eine Raum-Zeit-Ausbeute von 160 g Vinylacetat/l Kontakt. h bei einer mittleren Ausbeute von 89 bis 900/ob auf umgesetztes Äthylen bezogen. Nach einer Betriebszeit von 4 Wochen war noch kein Nachlassen der Katalysatorleistung festzustellen.This catalyst activated in this way by an aftertreatment gave under under the conditions described in Example 1, a space-time yield of 160 g vinyl acetate / l Contact. h with an average yield of 89 to 900 / ob on converted ethylene based. After an operating time of 4 weeks There is still no decrease in the performance of the catalytic converter ascertain.
Claims (3)
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DEK64309A DE1300554B (en) | 1967-12-23 | 1967-12-23 | Process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters |
NL6816108A NL6816108A (en) | 1967-12-23 | 1968-11-12 |
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DEK64309A DE1300554B (en) | 1967-12-23 | 1967-12-23 | Process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters |
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DE1300554B true DE1300554B (en) | 1969-08-07 |
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DEK64309A Pending DE1300554B (en) | 1967-12-23 | 1967-12-23 | Process for the production of unsaturated carboxylic acid esters |
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NL (1) | NL6816108A (en) |
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1967
- 1967-12-23 DE DEK64309A patent/DE1300554B/en active Pending
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