DE1281771B - Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge - Google Patents

Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge

Info

Publication number
DE1281771B
DE1281771B DEE31465A DEE0031465A DE1281771B DE 1281771 B DE1281771 B DE 1281771B DE E31465 A DEE31465 A DE E31465A DE E0031465 A DEE0031465 A DE E0031465A DE 1281771 B DE1281771 B DE 1281771B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
gas
glow discharge
hardened
ionitriding
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEE31465A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Horst Rordorf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektrophysikalische Anstalt Bernhard Berghaus
Original Assignee
Elektrophysikalische Anstalt Bernhard Berghaus
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elektrophysikalische Anstalt Bernhard Berghaus filed Critical Elektrophysikalische Anstalt Bernhard Berghaus
Priority to DEE31465A priority Critical patent/DE1281771B/en
Priority to CH803568A priority patent/CH501062A/en
Priority to NL6807978A priority patent/NL6807978A/xx
Priority to US735675A priority patent/US3594302A/en
Priority to GB2800568A priority patent/GB1225785A/en
Priority to BE716808D priority patent/BE716808A/xx
Priority to FR157953A priority patent/FR1575982A/fr
Publication of DE1281771B publication Critical patent/DE1281771B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32—Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32431—Constructional details of the reactor
    • H01J37/3244—Gas supply means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
    • B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/36—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases using ionised gases, e.g. ionitriding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/22—Barrels which have undergone surface treatment, e.g. phosphating

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)

Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLANDFEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

DEUTSCHESGERMAN

PATENTAMTPATENT OFFICE

AUSLEGESCHRIFTEDITORIAL

Int. α.:Int. α .:

C23cC23c

Deutsche Kl.: 48 b-11/16 German class: 48 b -11/16

Nummer:
Aktenzeichen:
Anmeldetag:
Auslegetag:Number:
File number:
Registration date:
Display day:

P 12 81 771.9-45 (E 31465)P 12 81 771.9-45 (E 31465)

18. April 1966April 18, 1966

31. Oktober 1968October 31, 1968

Das Ionitrierhärten von Werkstücken aus Eisen und Stahl mittels Ammoniak in einer elektrischen Glimmentladung wurde von dem Erfinder in langjähriger Entwicklungsarbeit bis zur technischen Reife gebracht und hat sich heute als ein verzugefreies Härteverfahren mit vorzüglichen Güteeigenschaften allgemein eingeführt.Ionitriding of workpieces made of iron and steel using ammonia in an electrical Glow discharge was developed from the inventor over many years to technical maturity and today it has proven to be a distortion-free hardening process with excellent quality properties in general introduced.

Besondere Schwierigkeiten ergaben sich bei der Härtung von Rohren, insbesondere Geschützrohren, um eine völlig gleichmäßige Härtung des Rohrinneren zu erreichen. Für die ungleichmäßige Härtung des Rohres machte man zunächst gewisse Unregelmäßigkeiten des Glimmlichts verantwortlich, das besonders im Rohrinneren nicht gleichmäßig brannte. Man legte daher durch die Achse des Rohres eine Gegenelektrode, die später gemäß Patent 1141850 des Erfinders als kühlmitteldurchflossenes enges metallisches Rohr ausgebildet wurde. Es zeigte sich jedoch, daß trotzdem im Rohrinneren nur eine unvollkommene Härtung stattfand und noch große Produktionsausfälle hingenommen werden mußten.Particular difficulties arose when hardening barrels, especially gun barrels, to achieve a completely uniform hardening of the inside of the pipe. For the uneven hardening of the Rohres was initially blamed for certain irregularities in the glowing light, especially that did not burn evenly inside the pipe. A counter-electrode was therefore placed through the axis of the pipe, which later, according to patent 1141850 of the inventor, as a tight metallic through which coolant flows Tube was formed. It turned out, however, that in spite of this there was only an imperfect inside of the pipe Hardening took place and major production losses still had to be accepted.

Es ist auch bereits ein Verfahren zur Gasplattierung, d. h. zum Überziehen von Gegenständen mit einer dünnen Metallschicht bei erhöhter Temperatur bekanntgeworden, wobei die Metallgasverbindung, z. B. Nickelcarbonyl, durch ein keramisches Rohr an die zu metallisierenden Flächen geleitet wird. Auf ein solches Gasplattierungsverfahren bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung, die plasmametallurgische Vorgänge zur Grundlage hat, nicht.It is also already a method of gas plating; H. for covering objects with became known of a thin metal layer at elevated temperature, whereby the metal gas compound, z. B. nickel carbonyl, is passed through a ceramic tube to the surfaces to be metallized. on one such gas plating process relates to the present invention, the plasma metallurgical Processes as a basis does not.

Durch die vorliegende Erfindung werden die aufgezeigten Nachteile beseitigt und Produktionsausfälle fast gänzlich vermieden.The present invention eliminates the disadvantages indicated and production losses almost entirely avoided.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Ionitrierhärten von Rohren, insbesondere Geschützrohren aus Eisen und Stahl, mittels elektrischer Glimmentladung in einem metallischen Vakuumgefäß mit einer Kathode und Anode im Inneren des Gefäßes, wobei die Kathode das zu härtende Werkstück, z. B. ein Geschützrohr, trägt, und einer Gaszuführung und einer Gasabführung, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß das Behandlungsgas, insbesondere Ammoniak, in das Innere des zu härtenden Rohres zugeführt wird. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Ausübung H des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1, welche gekenn- ~- zeichnet ist durch ein axial durch die Mitte des zu ^* härtenden Rohres angeordnetes metallisches, an sei-— < nem anderen Ende geschlossenes Gaszuführungsrohr, Φ das neutral oder als Anode der Glimmentladung ^ geschaltet ist und das mehrere düsenartige Bohrungen H aufweist, aus denen das Behandlungsgas bevorzugt H an den meistbeanspruchten Teilen des RohrinnerenThe invention relates to a method for ionitriding of barrels, in particular gun barrels made of iron and steel, by means of electrical glow discharge in a metallic vacuum vessel with a cathode and anode inside the vessel, the cathode being the workpiece to be hardened, e.g. B. a gun barrel, and a gas supply and a gas discharge, characterized in that the treatment gas, in particular ammonia, is fed into the interior of the tube to be hardened. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, which is characterized by a metallic gas supply pipe which is arranged axially through the center of the pipe to be hardened and is closed at its other end neutral or connected as the anode of the glow discharge ^ and which has several nozzle-like bores H , from which the treatment gas preferably H on the most stressed parts of the pipe interior

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ionitrierhärten
von Rohren aus Eisen und Stahl
mittels elektrischer GlimmentladungMethod and device for ionitriding
of pipes made of iron and steel
by means of an electric glow discharge

Anmelder:Applicant:

Elektrophysikalische Anstalt Bernhard Berghaus, Vaduz (Liechtenstein)Electrophysical Institute Bernhard Berghaus, Vaduz (Liechtenstein)

Vertreter:Representative:

K. Gerlings, Rechtsanwalt,K. Gerlings, lawyer,

5200 Siegburg, Mühlenstr. 145200 Siegburg, Mühlenstr. 14th

Als Erfinder benannt:Named as inventor:

Horst Rordorf, Weiningen (Schweiz)Horst Rordorf, Weiningen (Switzerland)

austreten kann und daß vor den Gasaustrittsdüsen in geringem Abstande Prallbleche angeordnet sind. Im Einzelnen wird noch folgendes ausgeführt: Diecan emerge and that baffle plates are arranged in front of the gas outlet nozzles at a small distance. In detail, the following is also stated: The

bisher übliche Zu- und Abführung des Behandlungsgases zum Rezipienten, in dem die zu härtenden Rohre untergebracht sind, durchsetzt zwar den ganzen Raum mit Behandlungsgas, dringt jedoch nicht genügend in das Rohrinnere ein, um ein ausreichendes Stickstoffangebot an die inneren Rohrpartien zu gewährleisten. Erst die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung von düsenähnlichen Bohrungen, aus denen das Behandlungsgas austreten kann und somit direkt an die zu härtenden Flächen des Rohres geleitet wird, brachte eine überraschende Verbesserung und eine fast ausfallfreie Produktion. Das Gaszuführungsrohr kann in der elektrischen Glimmentladung neutral oder auch als Anode geschaltet sein. Beim Austritt aus den Düsen ist das Gas bereits vorionisiert und vorgewärmt, so daß es mit großer Intensität auf die gegenüberliegende, als Kathode geschaltete Rohrwand einwirkt und die Härtung bewirkt. Um ein übermäßiges Begasen der den Düsen gegenüberliegenden Rohrpartien zu vermeiden, hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, vor den Düsenmündungen kleine Prallbleche anzuordnen.Up to now usual supply and discharge of the treatment gas to the recipient, in which the to be hardened Pipes are housed, although the whole room is penetrated with treatment gas, but does not penetrate enough into the pipe interior in order to supply a sufficient supply of nitrogen to the inner pipe sections guarantee. Only the inventive arrangement of nozzle-like bores from which the treatment gas can escape and is thus directed directly to the surfaces of the pipe to be hardened, brought a surprising improvement and almost failure-free production. The gas supply pipe can be switched to neutral in the electrical glow discharge or also as an anode. When leaving from the nozzles the gas is already pre-ionized and preheated, so that it is with great intensity on the opposite pipe wall connected as a cathode acts and causes hardening. To an excessive It has proven advantageous to avoid gassing the pipe sections opposite the nozzles proven to arrange small baffles in front of the nozzle mouths.

Claims (2)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Verfahren zum Ionitrierhärten von Rohren1. Process for ionitriding pipes aus Eisen und Stahl mittels elektrischer Glirnmentladung in einem metallischen Vakuumgefäß mit einer Kathode und Anode im Innern des Gefäßes, wobei die Kathode das zu härtendemade of iron and steel by means of an electric glow discharge in a metallic vacuum vessel with a cathode and anode inside the vessel, the cathode being the one to be hardened 809 629/1360809 629/1360 Werkstück, ζ. B. ein Geschützrohr, trägt, und einer Gaszuführung und Gasabführung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Behandlungsgas, insbesondere Ammoniak, in das Innere des zu härtenden Rohres zugeführt wird.Workpiece, ζ. B. a gun barrel, carries, and a gas supply and gas discharge, thereby characterized in that the treatment gas, in particular ammonia, is fed into the interior of the pipe to be hardened. 2. Vorrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch X, gekennzeichnet durch ein axial durch die Mitte des zu härtenden Rohres angeordnetes metallisches, an seinem anderen Ende geschlossenes Gaszuführungsrohr, das neutral : oder als Anode der Glimmentladung geschaltet ist und das mehrere düsenartige Bohrungen aufweist, aus denen das Behandlungsgas bevorzugt an den meistbeanspruchten Teilen des Rohrinneren austreten kann und daß vor den Gasaustrittsdüsen in geringem Abstande Prallbleche angeord·? net sind.2. Device for carrying out the method according to claim X, characterized by a metallic gas supply tube which is arranged axially through the center of the tube to be hardened and closed at its other end, which is neutral : or is connected as the anode of the glow discharge and which has several nozzle-like bores where the treatment gas can escape preferentially at the most stressed parts of the pipe interior and that baffle plates are arranged at a short distance in front of the gas outlet nozzles. are net. . In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 1141 850.. Considered publications:
German patent specification No. 1141 850.
DEE31465A 1968-04-18 1968-04-18 Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge Pending DE1281771B (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE31465A DE1281771B (en) 1968-04-18 1968-04-18 Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge
CH803568A CH501062A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-05-30 Method and device for ionitriding of pipes made of iron and steel by means of an electric glow discharge
NL6807978A NL6807978A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-06-06
US735675A US3594302A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-06-10 Apparatus for improving the chemicothermal surface treatment of tubes
GB2800568A GB1225785A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-06-12
BE716808D BE716808A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-06-19
FR157953A FR1575982A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-07-04

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE31465A DE1281771B (en) 1968-04-18 1968-04-18 Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge
CH803568A CH501062A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-05-30 Method and device for ionitriding of pipes made of iron and steel by means of an electric glow discharge
NL6807978A NL6807978A (en) 1968-04-18 1968-06-06
US73567568A 1968-06-10 1968-06-10
GB2800568 1968-06-12
FR157953 1968-07-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1281771B true DE1281771B (en) 1968-10-31

Family

ID=27543809

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEE31465A Pending DE1281771B (en) 1968-04-18 1968-04-18 Method and device for ionitriding iron and steel pipes by means of an electric glow discharge

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3594302A (en)
BE (1) BE716808A (en)
CH (1) CH501062A (en)
DE (1) DE1281771B (en)
FR (1) FR1575982A (en)
GB (1) GB1225785A (en)
NL (1) NL6807978A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2446326A1 (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-08-08 Creusot Loire IMPROVEMENT IN ION NITRURATION OF ELONGATED HOLLOW BODIES, IN STEEL
EP1186847A3 (en) * 2000-08-22 2003-11-19 Rheinmetall W & M GmbH Method for repairing the damage in coatings or the damage caused by erosion
PL423211A1 (en) * 2017-10-19 2019-04-23 Instytut Mech Precyzyjnej Anode for glow-discharge nitriding of inner surfaces of bushings, preferably barrels

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2264891B1 (en) * 1974-03-19 1977-10-07 Michel Henri
DE2657078C2 (en) * 1975-12-29 1984-08-16 Kawasaki Jukogyo K.K., Kobe, Hyogo Device for direct current ion nitriding of workpieces
FR2446327A1 (en) * 1979-01-09 1980-08-08 Fours Indls Cie Internal nitriding and/or carburising of gun or extruder barrels - by thermochemical ion bombardment after creating uniform electric field
US5514064A (en) * 1987-08-20 1996-05-07 Della Torre; Renato Process and means for making metal inking rolls
US5662573A (en) * 1988-08-18 1997-09-02 Torre; Renato Della Metal inking roll for use in flexographic printing
GB2597794B (en) * 2020-08-06 2022-12-28 Gallyon Gun And Rifle Makers Ltd Method of manufacturing, repairing, hardening and/or improving the wear resistance of a component of a firearm
CN115181930B (en) * 2022-07-26 2023-09-05 扬州大学 Nitriding device of 304 stainless steel sewage pump pipeline

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2446326A1 (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-08-08 Creusot Loire IMPROVEMENT IN ION NITRURATION OF ELONGATED HOLLOW BODIES, IN STEEL
EP1186847A3 (en) * 2000-08-22 2003-11-19 Rheinmetall W & M GmbH Method for repairing the damage in coatings or the damage caused by erosion
PL423211A1 (en) * 2017-10-19 2019-04-23 Instytut Mech Precyzyjnej Anode for glow-discharge nitriding of inner surfaces of bushings, preferably barrels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH501062A (en) 1970-12-31
BE716808A (en) 1968-12-02
NL6807978A (en) 1969-12-09
FR1575982A (en) 1969-07-25
GB1225785A (en) 1971-03-24
US3594302A (en) 1971-07-20

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
E77 Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977
EGA New person/name/address of the applicant