DE1270723B - Water-in-oil emulsion for lubrication purposes - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

ClOm

German KL: 23 c -1/01

Number: 1 270 723

File number: P 12 70 723.2-43

Filing date: August 30, 1962

Opening day: June 20, 1968

Emulsions, especially water-in-oil emulsions, are used as lubricants and are very special used as non-flammable hydraulic fluids. For this purpose, the emulsions must be in one be resistant to a wide range of temperature and pressure. They should also preferably not be corrosive act, have cleaning and bakleriostatic or bactericidal properties and also the Reduce the coefficient of friction and the displacement. Another important feature of the Emulsions, which are used in particular as hydraulic fluids, is their incombustibility. It's tough. To produce water-in-oil emulsions that meet the aforementioned requirements.

It is an object of the present invention. create persistent water-in-oil emulsions that act as Lubricants and fire-resistant hydraulic fluids are suitable.

The subject of the invention is thus a water-in-oil emtilsion, consisting of 1 to 80 parts of water. 20 to 99 parts of mineral oil and 0.2 to 10 parts of either

a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt with ammonia, a hydroxyalkylamine, alkylene ^2S amine or a technical mixture of alkylene amines of an alkyl or alkenylsuccinic acid with at least 50 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkenyl radical or its chlorosulfonation product or

b) an ester of alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid with a hydroxyalkylamine or a partially acylated, polyhydric alcohol or

c) the amide. Imide or amidine of the alkyl or Alkenyl succinic acid.

The alkyl or alkenyl radicals are derived from petroleum fractions with a high molecular weight and Olefin polymers, particularly polymers of monoolefins having 2 to about 30 carbon atoms in the molecule. Particularly useful polymers are those of the ^ -olefins, such as ethylene, propylene. Biitylene-1, isobutylene, hexene-1. Octene-1,2-methylheptene-1. 3-cyclohexylbutene-1 and 2-methyl-5-propylhexene-1. Polymers of olefins with non-terminal double bonds are also suitable. Examples for these olefins are butene-2, pentene-3 and octene-4.

The polymers also include the copolymers of olefins, ζ. B. the aforementioned together with other copolymerizable olefinically unsaturated compounds, such as aromatic olefins, cyclic olefins and polyolefins. The relative water-in-oil emulsion for lubrication purposes

Applicant:

The Lubrizol Corporation,

Cleveland, Ohio (V. St. A.)

Representative:

Dr. E. Jung and Dr. V. Vossius, patent attorneys,

8000 Munich 23, Siegesstr. 26th

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America dated August 30, 1961 (134 860), April 20, 1962 (188 947)

Proportions of the monoolefins to the other olefinic monomers in the copolymers influence the stability and the effectiveness of the succinic acid derivatives derived therefrom in the emulsions of the invention. The copolymers should be essentially aliphatic and essentially saturated, ie. they should contain at least about 80 "/". preferably at least about 95 ¹ L, based on the weight, units from the aliphatic monoolefins and no more unsaturated than about 5 ⁰ Zo bonds based on the total number of carbon-carbon bonds.

Examples of such copolymers are the copolymer of - based on weight - 95% isobutylene and 5% styrene, a terpolymer made of 98% isobutylene. 1% piperylene and 1% chloioprene, a terpolymer composed of 95% isobutylene, 2% butene-1 and 3 ¹ Vn hexene-1, a terpolymer composed of 60% isobutylene, 20 ¹¹ A, pentene-1 and 20 ⁰ A, octane-1 . a copolymer of 80% hexene-1 and 20% heptene-1. a terpolymer of 90% isobutylene, 2 "/ o cyclohexene and 8" propylene and a copolymer of SO "/" ethylene and 20% propylene.

Bernsleic acid derivatives, in which the alkyl or alkenyl radical derived from an olefin polymer with a molecular weight of about 750 to 5000, are preferred; but also those made from polymers of higher molecular weight, i.e. H. from about 10,000 to about 100,000 or more are also useful.

The alkyl or alkenyl radicals can also be derived from petroleum fractions, e.g. B. white oils with high Molecular weight and synthetic alkalis, such as

3 4

they are made by hydrogenating olefins of high mole- sorbitandidecanoate, sorbitan tristearate,

derived from gross weight or from fats. behenat, erythritol monooleate, 1,1,1-trimethylolpro-

The process for the preparation of the polymers panmonomyristat, pentaerythritol dilinoleate, ribitol

and the copolymers, of which the mono- (9,10-dichlorostearate) and sorbitan monooleate. Alkyl or alkenyl radicals of the succinic acid derivatives 5 Some of the ether bonds contain acy-

derive are known. Lated polyhydric alcohols are produced.

The alkyl or alkenyl succinic acids can by first adding a polyhydric alcohol

be prepared by known methods, e.g. B. dehydrated and then an alcoholic hydroxyl

acylated by reacting maleic anhydride with a group or by first adding an alcohol-olefin high molecular weight or a chlo- 10 holic hydroxyl group and then the

rated hydrocarbon, e.g. B. dehydrated from the previous other alcohol function. the

called olefin polymer. The reaction is ether-containing, partially acylated

preferably carried out at about 100 to 200 C, polyhydric alcohols can also be converted

whereby an alkenyl succinic anhydride is obtained. Settlement can be obtained with epoxies. Examples The alkenyl group can be hydrogenated to the alkyl group 15 for these compounds are polyoxyethylene sorbitan

will. The anhydride can be treated with monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate and

Water or steam to the corresponding free polyoxypropylene sorbitan dilinooleate.

Acid saponified. The amides, imides and amidines and the nitrogenous

Instead of olefins or chlorinated carbon-containing salts of succinic acids are derived from Hydrocarbons can also include other hydrocarbons, including the hydroxyalkylamines and ammonia

can be used, which have an activating polar alkyleneamine. The alkyleneamines have the general

Contain substituents, d. H. a substituent, my formula

who is able to _{convert the hydrocarbon molecule to H} MiAiWW isn H

Implementation with maleic acid or maleic acid iNiAiKyien in, “π

to activate anhydride. To such polar substitutes 25 AA types include sulfide, disulfide, nitro, mercapto,

Bromine-. Ketone and aldehyde residues. Examples of the- in the /; an integer, preferably less than 10 like substituted hydrocarbons are poly and A is a hydrogen atom or a carbon propylene sulfide, Di-polyisobutylene disulfide, nitrated hydrogen radical means and the alkylene group before mineral oil, Di-polyethylene sulfide and brominated poly- 30 preferably have a lower alkylene group with less ethylene. than about 8 carbon atoms. Examples of the

Another process for the production of the amber alkylenamines are methylenamines, ethyienamines.

stinic acids consists in the conversion of itacon-butyleneamines. Propylene amines, pentylene amines. Hexy

acid with an olefin or a polar-substituted amine. Heptyleneamines, octyleneamines. other

usually used hydrocarbons in a 35 polymethylene amine and also the cyclic and the

Temperature of about 100 to 200 C. higher homologues of these amines, such as piperazines

To the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts and aminoalkyl-substituted piperazines. Specific

The succinic acids are mainly sodium, examples are ethylenediamine. Triethylenetetramine.

Potassium, magnesium, barium, calcium and stron propylenediamine, decamethylenediamine. Octamethy-

tium salts. You get them z. B. by neutralization 40 lenediamine. Di (heptamethylene) triamine. Tripropylene

succinic acid with the corresponding metal tetramine. Tetraethylene pentamine. Trimethylenediamine.

oxide. hydroxide, carbonate, bicarbonate. -mercaptid. Pentaethylene hexamine. Di (trimethylene) triamine.

alcoholate or phenolate. 2-heptyl-3- (2-aminopropyl) -imidazoline, 4-methyl-

The alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid esters of imidazoline. 1.3-bis (2-aminoethyl) imidazoline. Pyri-

Hydroxylalkylamines and partially acylated more-45 midin. 1 - (2 - aminopropyl) piperazine. 1.4 - to

valent alcohols are in the usual way by (2-aminoethyl) piperazine and 2-methyl-l- (2-amino-

Esterification of succinic acid or its anhydride butyD-piperazine. Even higher homologues, how to

with the corresponding hydroxy compound produced by the condensation of two or more

posed. You can also obtain a succinic acid ester of the aforementioned alkyleneamines, are useful

a relatively volatile alcohol or 50 bar.

Phenol with the hydroxyalkylamine or partially The Ethyienamines are particularly suitable,

transesterify acylated polyhydric alcohol. They are in the chapter "Ethylene Amines" in the

The hydroxyalkylamines include the mono-. "Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology" by K irk Di- and Trihydroxyalkylamine. especially die- and othmer. Vol. 5, pp. 898 to 905. Publisher those with a lower alkyl radical with less 55 Interscience Publishers, New York (1950). described as about 6 carbon atoms, e.g. B. ethanolamine, ben. Such compounds are made by Um-diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N- (2-oxy-l-butyl) - put an alkylene dichloride with ammonia herdodecylamine, N - (3 - oxy - 1 - propyl) - octylamine, with complex mixtures of Alky-N, N-bis (2-oxy-1-propyl) oleylamine. N- (2-oxylenamines including cyclic condensation ethyl) -cyclohexylamine and N, N-bis- (2-oxyäthyD- 60 products, for example the piperazines, are obtained. These behenylamine. The partially acylated polyvalent mixtures are used to produce the Succinic acid alcohols preferably contain 3 to 6 alcoholic derivatives.On the other hand, hydroxyl groups, of which at least one, but not all of which are useful when using pure alkylene amines, can be obtained with an aliphatic carboxylic acid with products. A particularly suitable alkyl is acylated with about 8 to 30 carbon atoms . This lenamin is a mixture of ethylene amines. The compounds can also have ether in their molecule by reacting ethylene dichloride with ammo bonds. Examples are glycerin niac is obtained; it has a composition monooleate, giyeerindistearate, sorbitan monostearate, that of tetraethylene pentamine is equivalent to.

Hydroxyalkyl substituted alkyleneamines, d. H. Alkylenamines with one or more hydroxyalkyl radicals on the nitrogen atoms are also suitable. The hydroxyalkyl-substituted alkylene amines preferably contain a lower alkyl group having less than about 6 carbon atoms. Specific examples are N- (2-oxyethyl) ethylenediamine. N.N'-bis (2-oxyethyl) -ethylenamine, l- (2-oxyäthyD-piperazine. mono-oxypropyl-substituted diethylenetriamine, 1.4 - bis (2 - oxypropyl) piperazine. dioxypropyl-substituted tetraethylene pentamine. N- (3-oxypropyl) -tetramethylene-diamine and 2-heptadecyl-1- (2-oxyethyl) -imidazoline.

Higher homologs, such as those obtained by condensation of the aforementioned alkyleneamines or hydroxyalkyl-substituted ones Alkylenamines obtained via amino groups or hydroxyl groups are also available useful. The condensation via amino groups leads to a higher amine with elimination of Ammonia, the condensation via hydroxyl groups to products with ether bonds with splitting off of water.

The amides, imides, amidines and the corresponding nitrogenous salts of succinic acids are made by converting z. B. a succinic anhydride with ammonia or one of the the amines mentioned above. Depending on the reaction temperature and the type of amine used, obtained as products amides, imides, imidazolines, salts or a mixture of such compounds will. The amidines derived from an alkyleneamine can also be cyclic amidines, such as the imidazolines. The formation of some of these succinic acid derivatives is given by the following equations explained.

R-CH - C

CH, - C

Il

R - CH CH,

O C.

O O

j!

R-CH - C
CH, - C

■ ι

R-CH-CH,

O -C

O + H, N —GH, —NH,

O + H ₂ N - C ₂ H ₄ - NH ₂ -

-> R-CH-C-N-C ₂ H ₄ NH ₂

CH, - C - N - GH ₄ - NH,

ii I

O H

N-GH ₄ -NH,

-H, O R- -CH- - C CH ₂ O

O + H ₂ NC ₂ H ₄ -NH ₂

R-CH - C - Ο "- HN ^; - GH ₄ - NH,

CH, - C - N - C ₂ H ₄ - NH ₂

: j

O H

_; N-CH ₂

O + H ₂ NC ₂ H ₄ -NH,

-H, ♦ R-CH -C

C rl? C_-

Ν - CH ₂ H Ν - CH ₂ Ν - CH ₂ H

R is the alkyl or alkenyl radical.

If a tertiary amine is used, the product is a salt. Furthermore, the product is at low reaction temperature, for example below about 60 C, predominantly contain the salt. Such When heated to over 80 C, salts can be converted into products with predominantly amide, imide and amidine bonds being transformed. The use of a solvent such as benzene, toluene, gasoline, Mineral oil, xylene or η-hexane is often desirable in the reaction to make the reaction temperature easier to be able to regulate.

The quantitative ratio of succinic acid to amine is usually calculated so that at least about half of the stoichiometrically equivalent amount of the amine per equivalent of succinic acid is used will. The equivalent weight of the amine is calculated from the number of amino groups, the equivalent weight of succinic acid is equal to half the molecular weight.

In most cases the preferred amount of the amine is about 1 to 2 equivalents per equivalent Succinic acid, although apparently the upper limit for the desired reaction by itself the stoichiometric quantity ratio is determined.

The esters, amides, imides or amidines of alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid can also be selected from Obtain succinic acid halides, imides or esters. For example, the amide is made from ethylenediamine also by heating a mixture of ethylenediamine with the dimethyl ester of the corresponding Obtained succinic acid or the dihalide.

Instructions for the preparation of the succinic acid derivatives are given below, which are used for the Water-in-oil emulsions of the invention can be used. Parts are by weight, unless otherwise stated.

A. A polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride is made by reacting a chlorinated polyisobutylene made with maleic anhydride at 200 C. The chlorinated polyisobutylene was obtained by Treating a polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight of 1000 with chlorine at 104 to 110 C until the chlorine content has reached 4.3%. The polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride has an acid number of 109; the equivalent weight is 514.

A mixture of 1028 parts (2 equivalents) of this polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride is added over a period of 2 hours and 815 parts of mineral oil at 80 C with 210 parts (2 equivalents) of diethanolamine. The mixture is then set to 150 Heated to 155 C and blown with nitrogen for 7 hours. The product has a nitrogen content of 1.4%.

B. A mixture of 1000 parts (1.94 equivalents) of the polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride according to A. and 848 parts of mineral oil are heated to 60 ° C. and added dropwise over the course of 2 hours 289 parts (1.94 equivalents) of triethanolamine are added. The mixture is heated to 150.degree. C. and Blown with nitrogen at this temperature for 17 hours. The residue has a nitrogen content of 1.3% and 2.8 "A) hydroxyl groups.

C. A mixture of 300 parts of the polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride according to A and 160 parts of mineral oil is heated to 65 to 95 C and with an equivalent amount (25 parts) of a technical Ethylene amine mixture with an average composition corresponding to that of tetraethylene pentamine offset. The mixture is then heated to 150 ° C. and blown with nitrogen in order to to evaporate the water formed in the reaction. The residue is diluted with 79 parts of mineral oil; this solution has a nitrogen content of 1.6%.

D. A mixture of 514 parts (1 equivalent) of the polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride according to A. 354 parts of mineral oil and 9 parts of water is heated to 100 to 105 ° C. for 1 hour in order to form the free acid. The mixture is then cooled to 60 ° C. and anhydrous ammonia is passed in until 17 parts (1 equivalent) of ammonia have been absorbed. The reaction mixture is finally heated to 90 ° C. for 1 hour; the residue has a nitrogen content of 1.4 ⁰ I).

E. A mixture of 1188 parts (2.12 equivalents) of the polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride according to A. and 338 parts of mineral oil is heated to 80 C and treated with anhydrous ammonia, up to 44 parts (2.6 equivalents) of ammonia are added. The mixture is then at 80 ° C. for 4 hours stirred and then heated to 140 ° C. over the course of 3 hours. After that, the mixture is 2 hours Blown with nitrogen at 140 to 150 C and finally filtered. The filtrate has a nitrogen content of 0.98%.

F. A mixture of 1400 parts of the product according to E and 1080 parts of mineral oil is made to 160 to Heated at 170 ° C. and mixed with 7 parts of sodium methylate. Then 220 parts (5 equivalents) Ethylene oxide introduced under the surface of the liquid. The mixture is then on 170 C 3 torr heated; the residue has a nitrogen content of 0.58 "».

G. A mixture of 770 parts (1.5 equivalents) of the polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride according to A. 126 parts (1.5 equivalents) of sorbitan monooleate. 588 parts of mineral oil, 9 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 500 parts by volume of xylene is refluxed for 12 hours at 140 C and that Separated water of reaction. After cooling, the reaction mixture is washed with water and dried by heating to 150 C 20 torr; the residue has an acid number of 68.

H. A mixture of 514 parts (1 equivalent) of the polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride according to A. 234 parts (1 equivalent) of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, 492 parts of mineral oil, 7 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and 500 parts by volume of xylene is refluxed for 10 hours and the water of reaction is separated off. After cooling down the mixture is washed with water and dried by heating to 150 C'20 Torr; the residue has a saponification number of 53.

I. A mixture of 514 parts (1 equivalent) of the polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydride according to A and 390 parts of mineral oil are heated to 50 ° C. and over the course of 2 hours with 61 parts of chlorosulfonic acid offset. During the exothermic reaction, hydrogen chloride is evolved. The mixture is blown with nitrogen for 1 hour at 60 C to remove residual hydrogen chloride. Afterward 120 parts of 5% strength sodium hydroxide solution are introduced at 60 to 80 ° C. in the course of 30 minutes.

Then 511 parts of mineral oil are added, and the Guniscli is heated to 110 C and the water removed. The reaction mixture is then heated to 200 ° C. and blown with nitrogen for 5 hours. The mixture is then filtered. The filtrate has a sodium content of 1.99 "/ i) and a sulfur content from 2.14 '' (].

J. The process of C is repeated using 1.5 equivalents (38 parts) of the technical ethylene amine chemical. The product has a nitrogen content of 2.1 ¹ vol.

For the water-in-oil emulsion of the invention can as an oil a liquid hydrocarbon with a Viscosity of 50 SUS (Sayboll Universal Seconds) at 38 C to 200 SUS at 99 C can be used. Mineral oils with lubricating viscosities (e.g. SAE 5-90) are particularly advantageous. Also a mixture of Oil from various sources is useful. Such a mixture can e.g. B. from mineral oils, vegetable oils, animal oils and synthetic oils oil z. B. of the silicone, polyolefin and polyester type.

The water-in-oil emulsions of the invention with the most favorable properties contain from 30 to 50 parts of water and 50 to 70 parts of oil. The water-in-oil emulsions. which are intended as non-flammable hydraulic fluids must contain at least about 30 "ο water. The concentration of the The succinic acid derivative in the emulsions is preferably 1 to 5 parts per 100 parts of the water content in-oil emulsion. The main function of the succinic acid derivative is that of an emulsifier, although it also gives the emulsion cleaning properties.

The emulsions can be made simply by mixing water with oil and the succinic acid derivative and other desired ingredients in a homogenizer or other mixing device getting produced. A part of the emulsion during or 11; ch their preparation is not necessary The order of mixing the stock 40 share isi without meaning. However, it is advisable to first use an oil concentrate of around 50 to 95% of the oil-soluble constituents and about ^ to 50 parts Heat the oil and then add the concentrate with water to emulsify in the appropriate quantities. This can be done by the consumer.

Other customary lubricating oil additives can also be added to the claimed emulsions. /. B. Stabilizers. High pressure additives. Rust inhibitors. Emulsifiers. Bactericides and antioxidants are added.

example 1

(ILWK lltslOllo

Product of B 950

Soybean Lecithin ... 190

terl-C'ii 1 i-alkyl-prim.-amine

(Molecular weight 191) 63

Zinc salt of the di-isooctyldithio-

phosphoric acid 317 (, _υ

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 30160

Foam inhibitor 0.75

Water 24000

Example 2

Product of C

Soybean lecithin

I aurvl-dialhanolamine

(icwahlsloilo 360
72
24

Chlorinated eikosan wax Gewk-htstc

(50 ¹ V ,, chlorine) 24

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 11520

Foam inhibitor 0.30

Water 8000

Example 3

Product of .1

Soybean lecithin

Laurvl diethanolamine
Chlorinated eikosan wax

(50> chlorine)

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5.
water

Example 4

Product of C

N-tert-nonylacrylamide ...
Lauryl diethanolamine
Chlorinated eikosan wax

(50 ¹ Vo chlorine)

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 20

Foam inhibitor

water

CiewiclilsRik IH 3.6

1.2

5 "(0 4 (> 0

Gewiilit 'viii · 30.0 3 6 1.2

1.2 564.0

COl 5 400.0

Example 5

Weight 9.0 1.8

Product of G

Soybean lecithin

tert-Cii 1 l-alkyl-primary amine

(Molecular weight 191) 0.6

Zinc salt of the di-isooctyldithio-

phosphoric acid . 3.0

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 30 285.6

Foam inhibitor 0.0075

Water 200

Example 6

Weight parts

Product of ii 18

Soybeans, ithin 3.6

The benzoic acid salt of

tert-Cii 1 i-alkyl-primary amines

(Molecular weight 19 "l) 1.2

The 'by 2 hours' heating at 80 C lunieste'lte adduct of Zinc dicumyl- iophosphinate with 0.5 equivalents of tert-Cn 11-alkyl-prini.-amine

(Molecular weight 191) 12.0

Mineral lubricant 1 SAE 5 ^ς 6 \. '

Foam inhibitor ..... 0.015

Water 400.0

(jewichtstoilo

18.0

3.6

Example 7

Product of .1

Soybean lecithin

The nitrous acid salt of a tert-C'u 1 i-alkyl-primary amine

(Molecular weight 19'l) | .2

Silfed · »Sperm oil

(with 10 "ι, sulfur) 18.0

4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol .. 3.0

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 556.2

Foam inhibitor. 0.015

Water 400.0

1

Example 8 Gcwiehlsleile

Product of J 18.0

Soybean lecithin 3.6

The benzoic acid salt of a tert-Cit H-alkyl-primary amine

(Molecular weight 191) 1.2

Sulfurized sperm oil

(with ΙΟ »/» sulfur) 6.0

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 571.2 _{! 0}

Foam inhibitor 0.015

Water 400.0

Example 9

Parts by weight ^

Product of E 18.0

Soybean lecithin 3.6

The benzoic acid salt one

tert-Cn 1 i-alkyl-primary amines

(Molecular weight 191) 1.2

Zinc salt of the di-isooctyldithio-

phosphoric acid 6.0

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 571.2

Foam inhibitor 0.015

Water 400.0

Example 10

Polytsobutenylsuccinic acid parts by weight

anhydride of A 28

Sodium hydroxide 2

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 570

Water 400

Example 11

Polyisobutenylsuccinic acid weights

anhydride of A 28

Soybean lecithin 3.6

Lauryl diethanolamine 1.2

Chlorinated eikosan wax

(50% chlorine) 1.2

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 565

Sodium hydroxide 2

Foam inhibitor 0.015

Water 400

Example 12

Polyisobutenyl succinic acid parts by weight

anhydride of A 28.5

Lauryl diethanolamine 1.2

Chlorinated eikosan wax

(50 »0 chlorine) 1.2

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 568

Calcium hydroxide 1.5

Water ". 400

Foam inhibitor 0.015

723

Example 13

Polyisobutenylsuccinic acid parts by weight

anhydride of A 28

N-tert-nonylacrylamide 3.6

Lauryl diethanolamine 1,2

Chlorinated eikosan wax

(50 ° ο chlorine) 1.2

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 5 565

Calcium hydroxide 1.8

Water 400

Foam inhibitor 0.015

Example 14 _{parts by weight c}

Product of C 30

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 20 570

Water 4 (K)

Example 15 “. ,,,.,

* Parts by weight

Product of Example 14 49.5

Zinc salt of di-isooctyldithiophosphoric acid 5

Example 16 "- ,,, ·,

'Weight parts

Product of example 14 495

Soybean lecithin 3

tert-Cn 1 i-alkyl-primary amine

(Molecular weight "191) 2

Example 17 ,,,,.,

'Parts by weight

Product of E 150

Mineral lubricating oil SAE 20 650

Water 400

The water-in-oil emulsions of the invention can be used as both lubricants and hydraulic fluids can be used, especially as non-flammable hydraulic fluids.

The lubricating properties, especially the \ wear \ reducing properties of the water-in-oil emulsions / are based on the results of an ASTM wear test. In this test, the emulsion is used in a hydraulic pump (a Vickers vane pump 104E) which operates under the following conditions: engine speed: 1200 Γ min: approximate flow rate: 7.57 1min: pressure: 70 kg cm ² : sump temperature: C. The Results of the test are given in Table Ϊ. For comparison, a commercially available water-containing emulsion for hydraulic fluids was tested.

The fire resistance of the water-in-oil emulsions of the invention has been demonstrated by that the emulsion according to Example 9 passed the fire resistance test for hydraulic fluids according to regulations of the l'S Bureau of Mines. The test is described in the Federal Register \ om December 17, 1959. Vol. 24. No. 245. Title 30. Part 35. Sections 35.1 to 35.23.

55

Tabel

Emulsion according to the example

■)
3

Test duration hours

354 3 (X) 300

wing

0.45 0.32 0.11

¹ "\ er-.chleiU rotor ring Side plate _ _ 0.397 0.915 0.048 0.26 0.13 0.015 0.127 0.082

Total

0.183

0.14

0.067

13th 1 wing 270 723 "" Wear and tear 14th Total 0.108 0.129 Test duration 0.049 continuation Side plate 0.032 0.79 0.024 0.276 Emulsion according to the example hours 0.436 0.049 rotor 0.281 300 ring 0.090 0.037 9 3 (H) 2.50 ^Γ 0.487 ί 0.188 0.015 0.164 9 1000 0.028 0.039 9 1000 0.84 ι 0.034 0.041 9 ' Commercially available 200 0.76 0.044 Hydraulic fluid 0.183

The rust-inhibiting properties of the water- 50 ml of the emulsion is immersed. To In-oil emulsions of the invention were used after 5 weeks, the strip is instructed for rust formation by the results of a rust test in which seeks. The results are summarized in Table II one half of a steel strip caught in a sample of.

Table II

emulsion

Emulsion according to Example 9

Commercial emulsion for hydraulic fluids (for comparison)

Claims (1)

Claim: - ¹⁰ Water-in-oil emulsion. consisting of 1 to Share water. 20 to 99 parts of mineral oil and 0.2 or K) parts of either a) an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt or of a salt with ammonia, a hydroalkylamine. Alkylenamine or a technical Mixture of alkylenamines of an alkyl or alkene succinic acid with at least 50 carbon atoms in the alk \ l or alkenyl radical or their chlorine sulfide product or Results The portion of the strip immersed in the emulsion The portion of the strip exposed to the vapor of the emulsion clean clean clean heavily rusted b) an ester of alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid with a hydroxyalkylamine or a partially acylated one. polyhydric alcohol or c) the amide. Imide or amidine of the alkyl or alkenyl succinic acid. Considered publications: French patents No. 1,265,085,086,1283,719. Earlier patent considered: German Patent No. 1 156 926.