DE1270216C2 - PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING FEMES FROM LINEAR POLYESTERS - Google Patents

Description

In order to remedy these disadvantages, after the teardrop-shaped nodule in the end product, is made by

according to the method according to the invention, the polyethylene tere- monitoring of production in random samples.

phthalate with a specific viscosity below 0.5 a medium!

Share of up to 20%, preferably 10%, one

Polyethylene terephthalate with a specific Vis- 5

viscosity between 0.78 and 0.84 added. The tex example 1

tuen values of the fibers and threads are thereby

not changed, and their dyeability is not polyalkylene terephthalate with a specific vis-

deterioration. On the other hand, the spin uncertainty increases, the viscosity of η _ίρ = 0.46 is reduced from the melt.

which is much less sticking and ok and a tow of the total titer

other errors, such as B. titre fluctuations, 600,000 denier and a titer of the undrawn

expresses monofilaments of 11.7 denier This is formed

An advantageous embodiment for the inven- after the process of the main patent in steam to the present process looks like that, the stretched, then continuously heated under Er-Polyäihylenterephthalat a specific viscosity 15 shrunk by contact heating and below 0.5 a small proportion, up to 20%, then pulled out again while heating. The cable, preferably up to 10%, polyethylene terephthalate, is then provided with a finishing agent, normal average molecular weight, ie one crimps and cut. The running speeds, specific viscosity between 0.78 and 0.84, for the individual stages and the textile values of the final mixed and this mixture before the melt spinning ao product are in the table below in a known device under air carry,
conclusion melts and by squeezing into one

Wire a few millimeters thick deformed, the _R. -19

Wire then chopped up into wood carvers and this example L
Schnitzel to the actual melt spinning plant 35

leads. Through this pretreatment, the mixture is The mixture of 90 parts of a polyethylene

of the two types of polyethylene terephthalate are comparable terephthalates with a specific viscosity of

moderate, the beneficial effect of the proportion of η _{$ ρ} = 0.46 with 10 parts of a polyethylene tere-

Polyethylene terephthalate from normal middle phthalate with a specific viscosity of

Molecular weight is increased. This 30 η _ίρ = 0.82 is spun from the melt. the end

The number of spinning faults in the end feed allows the number of spinning faults to run

the duct will continue to sink. 150,000 denier with a titer of undrawn

The filaments and fibers of the present invention have been made up of 11.8 denier filaments. This cable has good textile and dye properties; it is processed in a manner similar to that in example 1, which speaks in terms of the ability to be dyed and the 35 The data and the textile values are entered in the subsequent tear resistance according to the method in the main table. A comparison with the by-patent available threads and fibers, have game 1 shows that the number of spinning errors with the same but still the further advantage that it does not absorb permanent ink is significantly less, or only to a very small extent compared to that in the text if one instead of a pure polyethylene terephthalate oil industry tend to be so dreaded pills. This 40 of particularly low specific viscosity uses the reduced tendency to pill and the increased coloring present mixture,
Above all, it is the availability of the threads produced by the process of the present invention

or mark fibers in front of the threads or fibers, example 3
which were produced by known processes. 45

A mixture of 90 parts of a polyethylene terephthalate with a specific viscosity of

Examples _Vsp = 0.47 with 10 parts of a polyethylene terephthalate with a specific viscosity of

To characterize the mean molecular so η _{5Ρ = 0.82, polyethylene terephthalate is melted} in a melting device under the weight or the degree of polymerization of the air exclusion at a temperature of 260 ° C and is then melted with the aid of an extruder Examples of the specific viscosity η _{$ ρ} deformed on a wire of 3 mm diameter. The given. It is comminuted with a 1% solution of the polymer to give chips 4 mm in length, in a mixture of 60 parts of phenol and 55 which are fed to a melt spinning apparatus. 40 parts of tetrachloroethane with the help of viscose From the web, a tow is determined from the total meters according to Ubbelohde and the titer of 165,000 denier with a titer of the undrawn-1 reduced ratio of the viscosity of the solution th individual threads of 11.7 denier is formed Add that of the solvent. in a similar way as in example 1 yerar-

To determine the color absorption, 20 g of 60 are processed. The data and the textile values are in the the fiber sample in 1 1 liquor with 3% (based on the following table. The comparison with the the sample weight) of the bromination of 1,5-di- Examples 1 and 2 shows that 52% of the dye is based on amino-4,8-dioxy-anthraquinone available dye would take the number of spinning defects is the lowest, fes cooked for 1 hour. Thereafter, the remaining if 90 parts of a polyethylene terephthalate with beFarstoff Determined colorimetrically in the liquor and a particularly low viscosity with 10 parts of a polydaraus the dye uptake of the sample in percent mixed ethylene terephthalate with medium viscosity of the total dye used is calculated. and this mixture before melt spinning

The number of defects, such as sticking or melting, is evened out.

example 1

* - of the polymer 100 · / · 0.46 90 »/ ο 0.46 90 · /» 0.47 previously homo-

^P. 10 »/ ο 0.82 10» / ο 0.82 genized

Thickness of the tow in denier 600,000 150,000 16.3,000 Titer of the undrawn single thread in denier 11.7 11.8 U, 7 Running speed

before stretching in m / min. 10.1 10.0 10.0

after stretching in m / min. 40.4 41.6 41.5

after shrinkage in m / min. 35.4 36.2 36.0

after pulling out again in m / min. 39.9 41.0 41.2

Temperature in ⁰ C

during shrinkage 234 233 233

during removal 150 155 155

Individual titer in denier 3.3 3.2 3.3 Tensile strength in g / denier 2.8 3.0 3.1 Elongation at break in ° / o 48 42 46 Shrinkability at 200 ⁰ CmOZo 2.4 7.4 5.3 Dye absorbed in ° / o 61 61 52 Number of spinning defects per 100 kg of material 25 6.8 4.9

Claims (1)

1 2 For the production of fibers and threads from line Claim: arene polyesters, in particular made of polyethylene tere- phlhalat one generally uses polymers, Process for the production of threads from linear whose average molecular weight by means of a special polyester, in particular from polyethylene, has a viscosity between 0.78 and 0.85 characteriterephthalate, with increased dyeability and is sated. This is the ratio reduced by 1 Tear strength, the threads od. The like. On one of the viscosity of the solution of the polyester in one Stretched several times the original length Mixture of 60 parts of phenol and 40 parts of tetra- and then at temperatures above chloroethane to that of the solvent, the Vis-190 ° C of a shrinkage treatment in which an io cosity occurs from the flow times in a viscous shrinkage of 3 to 40%, subject to Ubbelohde meter being determined, with and then again by at least 3% the measurement on a 10% solution to be used, according to patent 1248 855, that chips of the polymer are made, characterized in that for the manufacture of the threads obtained by the process of the main patent polyalkylene terephthalate with 15 borrowed threads or fibers are used in terms of specific viscosity below 0.5 lent their dyeability and tear resistance very much which is a share of 0 to 20% of a poly-good, but this seemed to be a further improvement ethylene terephthalate with a specific Vis threads or fibers in particular in the direction of a viscosity between 0.78 and 0.84 is added. Reduction of pill tendency desirable. ao For the production of fibers and threads with low pill tendency and other favorable properties, Recently attempts have been made to make fibers and threads also made of polyethylene terephthalate with a lower specific To establish viscosity. However, these can be stained worse than by 25 different dyes those made of polyethylene terephthalate with the usual specific viscosity. It has now been found that in a further development of the process of the main patent, little pil-30 loin and nevertheless easily dyeable and tear-resistant threads or fibers made of polyethylene terephthalate are obtained, if for the production of the threads polyethylene terephthalate with a specific viscosity below 0.5 The subject of the main patent 12 48 855 is a used, which has a proportion of 0 to 20%, pre-process for the production of threads or fibers 35, preferably 0 to 10%, of a polyethylene terephthalate fcus linear polyesters, especially made of polyethylene with a specific viscosity between 0.78 and terephthalate, with increased dyeability and tear 0.84 is added. It is noteworthy that strength, with the threads od. Like. On a multi-fibers and threads made of polyethylene terephthalate with times the original length stretched and at a specific viscosity below 0.5, which after the subsequently at temperatures above 190 ° C one of the 40 processes of the main patent were produced Are subjected to shrinking treatment in which it is even easier to stain than heroine, shrinkage of 8 to 40% occurs; the misplaced products made of polyethylene terephthalate with drive is characterized in that the threads have a specific viscosity between 0.78 and 0.84. after the shrinking treatment again by at least this was not to be expected, since the dyeability of the 3% are stretched. 45 obtained according to the usual manufacturing process It is known that fibers and threads that become plastic in the heat, with a decreasing mean hot drawing artificial threads and then- molecular weight, ie with decreasing specific To cool down under as low a voltage as possible, the viscosity of a number of dyes is worse lim the thread will shrink as much as possible. It cannot only be achieved because of the temperature that would otherwise be higher. It is 5 ° bonded but better textile properties It is also known to gradually stretch endless threads made of organic, also because of the still further improved dyeable high polymers, which speed is advantageous in the manufacture of fibers and The threads are drawn in the first stage at low temperature using the method of the main patent Polytur, with relaxation by means of a swelling alkylene terephthalate with a specific viscosity liquid and then to use after removing the 55 below 0.5. Excess swelling agent at elevated temperature When spinning fibers and threads from poly- be stretched. ethylene terephthalate of particularly low specific If it is in the book by Rowland Hill, "Fibers of shear viscosity and their processing after from synthetic polymers ", 1956, p. 459, means that the process of the main patent occasionally results in defects in the end product, such as single fibers stuck together, when a thread is stretched after the 60th mark Shrinkage the original properties of the and teardrop-shaped nodules that processing Threads are largely restored, so the fibers and threads interfere with textile structures, The errors arise from the fact that the from polyester threads were traded only for the single threads of the polychanic textile properties exiting the spinneret, such as e.g. B. the tear ethylene terephthalate with a low specific viscosity, but not for the colorability, viscosity are less tough than the threads of normal polyethylene terephthalate that do not escape from the nozzle during post-stretching, but are retained in their height. phthalate and therefore stick together more easily.