DE1269244B - Method and device for winding disc coils or flat cylinder coils made of round wire intended for transformers - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for winding intended for transformers Disc coils or flat cylinder coils made of round wire The invention relates to a method of winding disc coils intended for transformers or flat solenoids made of round wire, which is under tension during its winding up and radial pressure on a spool core with side washers and set in rotation or directly on the wire winding layers already applied to this coil core is guided in the axial direction of the coil that it is in reciprocating Lay with closely fitting, parallel to for the most part of their circumference the side disks of the coil shape running turns, which in a limited Circumferential area pass obliquely into the subsequent turn, winds up and on End of a layer by crossing the last turn of this layer into the following layer passes, in which it lies in the grooves between the wires of this layer, the he crosses each at the inclines and the by brushing with a quickly hardening binders are fixed to each other.

The winding of disc coils intended for transformers or flat solenoids made of round wire is generally done in such a way that one after the production of one layer of turns on each of the insulating intermediate strips and then wraps the next layer on this intermediate strip so that the Wires on the largest part of the coil circumference - in which they are from the lateral form disks the coil shape are supported on the coil edges - lie radially one above the other as precisely as possible.

This is caused by the winding back and forth of the individual winding layers Run up the wire at the end of the last turn of each layer in the overlying one The (next) position is generally always at the same point on the circumference of the coils. The frontal turns, each from the lower to the overlying Position are "tied in" either over the entire circumference by means of retaining straps or at least at certain points evenly distributed over the circumference of the Kitchen sink. So that the windings cannot move against each other, they are in each winding layer by spreading a fast-hardening binder, for example an electrical paint, fixed to each other.

The insertion of an insulating intermediate strip and the binding the frontal turns require a great deal of additional work; the In addition, spools can only be wound individually by hand.

Further disadvantages of such known winding processes are that that the winding space of the coil is only insufficiently used; the integration of the frontal Windings leads to a radial increase in diameter at the reel edges, which, if necessary by inserting filling or compensating strips in the middle part of the spool length must be balanced. Even with careful adjustment of the clear axial width the coil shape to the number and diameter of those to be arranged in a layer With the wires, it often happens that the wires are pushed through slightly insulating intermediate strips opposite the wires of the lower layer »on a gap« lay and thereby distortions of the outer peripheral surface of the finished coils or larger, irregularly distributed diameter deviations over the coil circumference result.

In order to avoid these disadvantages, winding processes are used those of the wires of the second and subsequent layers without interposing a layer of insulation wound on the gaps between the wires of the previous layers (see p. the German Patent 256 533 and the German Auslegeschrift 1068 381 and U.S. Patent 1504 005). This way the available Much better utilization of the winding space, the winding process by eliminating the layer insulation and better fixation of the wires through the gaps in the underlying layer and the dissipation of heat loss from the coil is improved. Of course you can Such a winding can also be achieved by brushing the wires with a suitable one during winding Adhesive can be connected to form a mechanically solid body.

This “gap” winding process has disadvantages, one of which is particularly evident when winding coils for mains transformers with a rated power of 100 to 500 kVA. These oil-filled transformers mostly have disc coils made of paper-insulated copper wire; the wire diameters are between 0.8 and 3.5 mm. Paper-insulated wires show a considerable fluctuation in thickness, which makes the automatic winding of coils particularly difficult. With a high number of turns per layer s, the deviations are reversed, so that an exact fixing of the number of turns per layer by the lateral shaped disks is called into question. In addition, wires with a 3 mm diameter are very rigid and do not lie against the previous turn or in the gaps of the layer below as easily as the thinner wires processed with the known winding machines. Particularly when running up from the last turn of the lower turn layer to the next layer above, thick wires require precise guidance.

Another disadvantage is the radial bobbin thickening at the circumferential points, at which the wires of one layer cross the wires of the layers below. It is desirable to control the location of these intersections so that they are at such Places of the coil are where they can be endured without difficulty. To solve this problem, suitably shaped coil bodies have already been specified to use or to deform the wire at this crossing point. It was also suggested the coil by a suitable actuator with each revolution by a small, additional amount to rotate regardless of the movement of the wire feed, so that there is a certain lead of the coil against the wire guide and the crossing point be distributed over the coil circumference.

The aforementioned difficulties are alleviated by the present invention overcome. According to the invention, when the last turn is wound, the wire becomes one Position of the coil in each case before reaching the transition point at which it is inclined Crossing the adjacent wire its position in the next layer passes through its guide arm raised by sliding or pivoting the guide arm sideways Pulled diagonally over the wire to be crossed and by lowering the guide arm into the corresponding one through the last two wire turns of the one below Position formed gap is pulled.

Further details of the method according to the invention and of its Implementation of certain apparatus will be apparent from the following description an implementation example for the simultaneous winding of three coils, which is shown in the drawing.

F i g. 1 shows a schematic representation of a side view known coil winding device on which the principle of the movement of the wire guide member is shown in the transition from one layer to the next; F i g. 2 shows the associated Top view; F i g. 3 finally shows the application of this principle on a machine for winding multiple bobbins at the same time with a range of bobbin shapes a shaft in a schematic representation .; F i g. 4 shows a guide arm for the wire on an enlarged scale.

In the schematic representation according to FIG. 1, the wire 1 runs from a supply roll 2 via a feeding and tensioning device 3 onto the core of the bobbin form 4 , which is driven in the direction of arrow 5. As close as possible to the start of the coil, the wire 1 is raised by means of the guide arm 6 in the direction of the arrow 7 and laterally in the direction of the arrow 8 in FIG. 2 are moved. The clear width of the coil form 4 is dimensioned so that the desired number of turns per layer can be accommodated, taking into account the maximum possible or permitted wire thickness. When the last turn of a layer is practically completed, i.e. shortly before the run-up to the inclined transition section, the special guiding movement of the guide arm 6 begins, which first lifts the wire and leads it diagonally over the last turn of the completed layer underneath and back into the gap between the last and penultimate turn of the lower layer lowers.

The device according to the invention, which gives the possibility, at the same time to wind several identical coils in the manner described above, and the in. the F i g. 3 is shown very schematically, has one with preferably uniform speed to be driven shaft 21, which is in a headstock-like Component 22 is mounted and with its free end on a grain support 23 supports. On this shaft 21 - the one with a continuous fine thread (not shown) is provided - are at approximately regular intervals several of the coil shapes 4 tightened by means of pressure nuts 24. Parallel to the shaft 21 is one in guide bearings 25 axially displaceably mounted rod 26, which has a number of guide arms 27 wears. Each of these in FIG. 4 shown guide arms is by means of Screw 27a adjustable on the rod 26 and has a U-shaped at its free end Wire guide 28, which holds the round wire 1 leads.

Instead of the U-shaped guide 28, any other Guide means, for example a guide roller with a deep annular Guide groove or two such interacting roles may be provided.

After evenly inserting the beginnings of the wire into the coil forms 4 and passing the wires through the wire guides 28 will be accurate same position with respect to the guide lever set to them assigned to the coil forms 27 in one of the illustration in FIG. 3 brought about the same situation and the The winding process started by switching on the drive for the shaft 21.

In the simplest embodiment of such a device is a the wire guides are moved by hand, as is the proper application of the individual wire turns conditional. All other wire guides make which are rigidly coupled to one another via the rod 26, these guide movements exactly in sync with, so that the wires in all coil shapes are wrapped in exactly the same way. The rod 26 is both in the direction of the double arrow 29 shifted laterally as well as - with increasing strength of the coils in their forms - rotated around their axis. Finally, there can also be a transverse shift be provided in the direction of double arrow 30.

When making the transitions or oblique crossings of the wires all wire guides are also moved evenly; to get one as possible to achieve precise and uniform tangential graduation of these transitions is intended between the shaft 21 carrying the coil form and the rigid shaft with the guides 28 connected guide shaft 26 a gear coupling are provided, which according to Winding two layers of turns just before the end of the corresponding full one Rotation of the shaft 21 of the rod 26 granted a short Axialversch.ichtung. By this simultaneous and with respect to the rotation of the coil forms with each new one Winding position by a small circumferential angle of the coil forms leading lateral movement the rod 26 and thus the wire guides 28 is the staggered tangential distribution the "humps" of the winding layers that form at the intersections are secured.

The setting of the wire control must of course the number of the turns per turn position, in particular the peculiarity of the new ones Coil winding that the number of turns in adjacent layers of turns differ by the value +1 or -1.

For applying the fast-setting binder to the individual Winding layers, an application device is provided, which in turn depends on the number of revolutions of the shaft 21 and the number of turns per coil length confirmed w; rd and after each winding of a complete layer an application device, z. B. a brush with the binder for the. Duration of one revolution of the shaft 21 presses against the winding position.

Using this procedure has the following advantages: It is now possible to use relatively thick and rigid paper-insulated wires on automatic Process winding machines. Because the position of the transition points and thus the number of turns depending on the position only depends on the correspondingly controlled guide device regardless of the different thicknesses of the wires due to tolerances, several Bobbins arranged on a shaft and using a number of the coil shapes assigned wire guides several coils are wound simultaneously, with the above-described guiding movements of the wire guides relative to the coil forms be done exactly the same. The guide movement of the wire guides can thereby through appropriate coordination of the guiding organs with the rotation of the coil core takes place, it can also be created by manually guiding a spool and transferred to the other wire guides by suitable coupling of the guide elements will. It is also possible by controlling the guide arms accordingly radial thickening zones created by the crossing of the conductors of the previous layer to be placed at any point on the circumference of the bobbin that can be precisely determined beforehand.

Claims (3)

Claims: 1. Method of winding for transformers certain disc coils or flat solenoids made of round wire, which during its running up under tension and radial pressure on one with side windows provided, set in rotation coil core or directly on the broad this coil core applied wire winding layers in such a way in the axial direction of the coil is guided that he is in to and fro positions with tightly fitting, running parallel to the side plates of the coil shape for the most part of its circumference Windings that are inclined in a limited circumferential area into the subsequent winding pass over, winds up and at the end of a layer under crossing the last turn of this Position changes to the following position, in which it fits into the grooves between the wires this situation sets, which he crosses at the inclines and which by painting be fixed to one another with a fast-curing binder, characterized in that that the wire before winding the last turn of a layer of the coil in each case Reaching the transition point where he crosses the neighboring one at an angle Wire of its layer passes into the next layer, lifted by its guide arm, by moving or swiveling the guide arm diagonally across the to crossed wire drawn and lowered by lowering the guide arm in the corresponding, gap formed by the last two wire turns of the underlying layer is pulled. 2. Apparatus for performing the method according to claim 1 one for winding multiple coils at the same time with a range of coil shapes on a shaft, characterized in that a number of wire guide arms, which are assigned to the individual coil forms, are coupled in such a way that their guiding movements of lifting and swiveling or shifting relative to the coil shapes take place simultaneously and in the same way. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that one of the wire guides is movable by hand while the others with this either directly mechanically or via a synchronous auxiliary drive are coupled. Publications considered: German Patent No. 256 533; German Auslegeschrift No. 1068 381; U.S. Patent No. 1504,005; Book by H. Nottebrock, "Components of communications engineering, Part 111: Coils", Fachverlag Schiele and Schön, Berlin 1950, p. 132.