DE1243447B - Chopping and separating unit - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. CL:

AOIb

German KL: 45 a -41/04

Number: 1243 447

File number: V 27357 HI / 45 a

Filing date: December 14, 1964

Open date: June 29, 1967

The invention relates to a chopping and separating unit which is arranged on a vertical shaft Knife cross for cultivating row crops in the field.

It is already a machine with chopping tools rotating around a vertical axis known for the isolation of row crops. On this machine, the two are at the) ends chopping tools arranged in mirror image of a tool axis at the points where individual Plants are to remain standing, via a transmission by pivoting the tool axis around a horizontal one Shaft disengaged.

The disadvantage of this machine is that the pivoting process is initiated by an operator must be carried out manually with the aid of a display device.

Furthermore, a device with tools rotating around a vertical axis is known, its chopping tools for separating row crops, preferably by hand, onto the ones to be processed Plants are lowered.

In this case, the plants that remain standing are removed by a protective cage arranged on the device should be protected, while the hoeing tools rotating around the barge basket form the ground in a circular shape edit around the protected plant.

Due to the fact that the chopping tools have to be lifted in and out by an operator in stages With this device, a continuous work flow can only be carried out at a very low working speed. Also the Possibility of having several chopping units at the same time to achieve a larger area performance can be worked has the disadvantage that an operator is required for each chopping unit will.

There is also known a hoe with a knife cross located on an inclined shaft, its knives one after the other mechanically by scanning and controlled by a cam and a locking lever enable the chopping of stock cultures. The disadvantage of this device is that it is only for hoeing tree and shrub crops due to the relatively high resistance required is suitable for keying. In addition, there is only one of the four on this device Chopping knives, which are driven by rolling on the ground, engaged. Also, this device is only for maintenance, but not for To use isolation of cultures.

A cross-shaped tool chopping machine is also known and separation unit

Applicant:

VEB Agricultural Machinery Torgau,

Torgau / Elbe, Prager Str. 1

Named as inventor:

Gerhard Schumann, Ernst Langheinrich,

Kötzschau-Witzschersdorf;

Karl Bürger, Leipzig

arrangement with radially adjustable and lockable working tools. The hoe with this tool arrangement works continuously during use

ao and only enables interrogation or thinning, but not the isolation of the stocks. Also finds Missing points are not taken into account because work is carried out without a button, so that it is already in existence isolated standing plants can be hacked out if they are in the cutting area of the tools lie.

There are also known devices for isolating row crops, in which the circumference a chopping tool attached around a horizontal shaft continuously rotating disk electronic control via a button or via a photocell from the working position or via an electromagnetic clutch can be brought into rest position. The working tools of these institutions however, they can only be used to separate the stocks, but not to chop them at the same time are used along the row. Their control devices also work with relatively complicated ones and expensive switching mechanisms involving tubes, transistors and Photo elements, because the keying takes place electrically or photoelectrically.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known devices. The invention

♦ 5 is based on the task of creating a hoe with its working tools for row crops can be chopped both individually and along the row.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that viewed below and in the working direction in front of the shaft end of the drive shaft provided with a through-hole between two chopping

709 608/110

3 4

knives attached button and for the controlled bar a known locking drive of the knife cross is attached to the unit on the pawl, which engages in a form-fitting manner to fix the driver-edge transmission elements consisting of a cross.
Drive sprocket, a toothed washer, a co- through an electronic receiver cross attached to the housing and a dry clutch disc, 5 magnets, which is hinged to the pawl, and a pawl in connection with the button can be pulled electromagnetically control automatic, consisting of a cam and so that the carrier cross is released. Preferred track, an electromagnet known per se, and a safety device for a timer relay is arranged on the pawl. The drive shaft is strengthened.

arranged in a circumferential sleeve, which their- io opposite to the curved path and to the On the other hand, over two roller bearings in a housing, the teeth of the toothed disk are in the arms of the joint is. receiving cross vertically running groove guide

Arranged on the upper end of the circumferential sleeve gene, the form-fitting reception and a drive unit of T-shaped driver notches is used to rotate with it. The co-sprocket put on with a toothed washer. 15 slave notches are designed to accommodate pressure

The drive sprocket, the toothed pulley, the springs are provided with elongated holes.

Dry clutch washer and the rubber washer The electromagnetic control circuit is made by

fed a centrally located through-hole of a power source, and it is constructed in such a way that

for the drive shaft. The upper end of the drive shaft that with mechanical contact with the key flap

is designed in its cross-section as a profile wave. 20 of the plant swiveled the key flap to the rear

A tube is inserted through the bore of the drive shaft. By the pivoting movement is one on the

out, rotated in the switching drum located at the upper and lower end of the key flap axis,

Drive shaft arranged bearing bushes rotatably ge whereby a contact is triggered. There is a

is stored. Current flows through the through the tube to the contact

Preferably at the lower end of the conductor led from the drive as of the shift drum via a rest shaft protruding pipe end is via a current relay to a switching relay. From the switching relay Clamp connection a button, inside the flight the switching circuit to the electromagnet is circled the chopping knife handles lying down, attached. closed, which pulls the pawl jerkily and

Seen in the direction of travel, the driver cross is on the front of the pipe for a quarter turn

lying face of the button in a warehouse with 30 of the working tools releases. Operated by the

in a horizontal plane transversely to the direction of travel, the electric circuit is attracted by the electromagnet

fenden axis a key flap, to the rear pen- closed to a time relay. The timing relay

delnd, stored. The key flap is preferably from breaks the circuit of the closed-circuit relay as long as

Made of plastic. When the key flap is deflected, the plant that triggered the contact is off

the axle rotates and takes out one of the chopping knives located on it.

borrowed contact roller with. It is within the scope of the invention that in place

A spring clip of the timing relay is mechanically lashed to vibrate on the axis of the key flap Receiving a tension spring attached. The train set time pendulum whose function takes over, The spring is loaded by hanging it in a button on the button. The time pendulum on a pendulum axis is like this solid, multi-detent retaining plate 40 fixed in position on the housing that the Penso eager to see that they swung the key flap out of the outer circle of the arms of the fellow Position again in the vertical position of the recipients cross.

returns. Preferably, the tension spring can be attached to the housing by a suitable

Be formed elastic. arranged adjusting screw, the trajectory of the pen-

Furthermore, to ensure the function of the 45 dels is limited, and thus set in time so that

Flap a stop bracket arranged so that the plant out of the chopping area of the knife

this is in flight when the key flap is swung out, when the pendulum assumes the vertical position,

path of the chopping knife handles and through this In the rest position the pendulum is on one

is inevitably printed out of the trajectory, where- on the housing arranged contact spring,

by simultaneously pressing the key flap back into the vertical 5 ° In the electromagnetic control circuit is for

right situation comes. Short-circuit the key circuit a toggle

The toothed washer is only built in on its surface.

Near the circumference, i.e. circular, with radially The chopping knives have a cutting edge on all sides

running teeth. On the upper inside.

The circular surface of the toothed disk is a dry coupling. The function of the invention is described below

lungs disc on, which are explained in more detail on their lower side using an exemplary embodiment,

a brake pad and on its upper side with Es shows

a rubber washer is occupied. F i g. 1 in the side view of the chopping unit in

On the rubber disc there is a longitudinally slidable cut,

on the upper end of the drive shaft with a 60 F i g. 2 the top view of the chopping unit in

Profile hub provided driver cross on. Section AA according to Fig. 1,

On the surface of the dry clutch disc F i g. 3 in the plan view in principle the arrangement and near the edge of the same, opposite the six chopping units on the ■ tool, two driving pins are attached, the carrier of a hoe, as well as the force curve of the going through the rubber disc, into the carrier cross from the tractor to the chopping units intervene positively. energy,

At the height of the carrier cross and horizontally. 4 the top view of the chopping unit in

taler plane around a pawl bolt pivot section BB according to Fig. 1,

F i g. 5 the electromagnetic control circuit when using a timing relay,

F i g. 6 the electromagnetic control circuit when using a clock pendulum.

As in the sectional drawing of the chopping unit according to FIG. 1 is shown at the bottom of a rotatably mounted vertically in a circumferential sleeve 2 and provided with a through hole Drive shaft 1 a knife cross 3 attached. The four arms of the knife cross 3 have on theirs outer ends of an elongated hole guide 4, in each of which a chopping knife handle 5 is fastened in a radially adjustable manner.

Chopping knives 6 provided with cutting edges on all sides are attached to the chopping knife handles 5. the The position of the chopping knives 6 attached to the knife cross 3 is as shown in FIG. 4 can be seen that of an interrupted cross.

The upper end of the drive shaft 1 is designed as a profile shaft on the longitudinally displaceable one with a profile hub provided driver cross 11 is seated. The sleeve 2 is in the housing 8 by two roller bearings 7 stored.

The drive sprocket 9 is attached to the upper end of the sleeve 2. At a short distance above the Drive sprocket 9 and fixedly connected to this a toothed pulley 10 is arranged. On the non-toothed inner circular surface of the toothed disk 10 lies a dry clutch disc 12 with its brake lining 13.

On the surface of the dry clutch disc 12, two driving pins 21 are attached, which are inserted into the Engage the driver cross 11 in a form-fitting manner.

A rubber washer 14 is located between the dry clutch disc 12 and the driver cross 11.

The toothed disk 10 is provided with a through hole for the drive shaft 1. On two am Clamping bolt 15 fastened opposite to the housing 8 is held by means of the bushes 16 of the clamping bracket 17.

When tightening the clamping nuts 18, the clamping bracket 17 presses over the thrust bearing 19 and the Compression spring 20 on the profile hub of the driver cross 11 and enables when the drive sprocket is driven 9 via the dry clutch disc 12, the frictional entrainment of the driver cross 11.

In each arm of the driver cross 11 is one with a through opening in a groove guide T-shaped driver detent 23 provided for receiving a detent compression spring 22, which support themselves with their two legs on the interrupted curved path 24. Through the Spring bridge 25, which goes transversely through the opening of the driver catch 23 and which is on the driver cross 11 is attached, the driver catch 23 is secured against falling out and at the same time the Detent compression spring 22 tensioned.

A pawl bolt is attached to the housing 8

26 a pawl 27 is attached, which engages in the arms of the driver cross 11. The pawl

27 is briefly attracted by an electromagnet 28 attached to the housing 8 when current is flowing. When the pawl 27 is pulled and the drive sprocket 9 is driven, the dry clutch disc is used 12, the driver cross 11 rotated with the drive shaft 1. Since the curved path 24, the is attached to the housing 8 via the holder 59, interrupted in the immediate vicinity of the pawl 27 is, as the driver cross 11 continues to rotate, one of the driver notches 21 falls through the locking pressure spring 22 pressed, from the cam track 24 into the toothing of the toothed disk 10. The driver cross 11 is now positively rotated by the toothed disc 10 until the slope of the Starting curve path 24, the detent compression spring 22 is lifted out of the toothing of the toothed disk 10. The rest of the quarter turn of the carrier cross

ίο 11 until the following arm of the carrier cross engages 11 in the pawl 27 takes place again via the dry clutch disc 12.

In order to prevent the driver cross 11 from springing back when it hits the pawl 27, a fuse 29 is articulated on the pawl 27. In the bore of the drive shaft 1 is to Implementation of an insulated conductor, a tube rotatably mounted in two bearing bushes 31. The pipe 30 is against rotation via a on the guide web 32

so located clamp connection by the Clamp 17 attached guide 33 secured.

At the lower end of the tube 30 protruding from the drive shaft 1, a button 34 with a penas can be adjusted in height via a clamp connection delnd and a pushbutton flap 35 mounted transversely to the direction of travel.

The key flap 35 is coupled to a contact roller 36. On the axis of the key flap is a Spring clip 37 attached to receive a tension spring 38. The tension spring 38 is tensioned in that it is hung with its other end in a holding plate 39 attached to the button. Through the Tension spring 38 holds the key flap 35 in a vertical position. Furthermore, it is compulsory Return of the key flap 35 in the vertical position, on the axis of which a stop bracket 40 is attached is that when the sensing flap 35 is swung out, it enters the trajectory of the chopping knife handles 5 arrives and is pressed by the chopping knife handles 5 out of their trajectory. To drive shaft 1 on an annular disk 41 provided with an annular groove is attached to the knife cross 3. In the ring groove is rotatably mounted a slide ring 42, which is provided with two feeler rollers 43 for the articulated reception Support cart 44 is used.

The chopping unit, which is fastened to a tool carrier, is lifted out by means of two rods engaging the support cart 44 from the tool carrier.
The electromagnetic control of the interrupted working chopping unit can be seen from the circuit diagram shown in FIG.

When the main switch 45 is closed, the electrical system receives its energy from the power source 46.

The mechanical contact of the tactile flap 35 with a plant removes it from its vertical position Position, seen in the direction of travel, pivoted backwards (see also Fig. 4). This is the on the contact roller 36 attached to the key flap axis rotated, until contact is made. The current flow triggered by this contact is from the Contact of the contact roller 36 via a current conductor guided through the tube 30 to the closed-circuit relay contact 47 and at the same time via the off switch 48 to the switching relay 49, the switching circuit via the contact switch 53 to the electromagnet 28 is closed. Does the electromagnet have the one to be operated and the driver cross 11 retaining

If the pawl 27 is pulled to the point of deflection, contact is made at the switch SO for excitation of the timing relay 51. That depends on the timing relay 51, at the same time via the timing relay contact 60 standing closed-circuit relay 52 drops out and interrupts the closed-circuit relay contact 47, whereby at the same time via the off switch 48 to the switching relay 49, the switching circuit via the contact switch 53 to the electromagnet 28 is closed. Does the electromagnet have to be operated and the pawl 27 holding the driver cross 11 is pulled to the point of deflection, a contact is made at the switch 50 for energizing the timing relay 51. That depends on the timing relay 51, at the same time standing over the time relay contact 60 closed-circuit relay 52 drops out and interrupts the Quiescent current relay contact 47, whereby the push button current to the switching relay 49 is interrupted at the same time. The switching relay 49 simultaneously opens the contact switch 53 of the switching circuit to the electric ao magnets 28. The electromagnet 28 falls off immediately, whereby the pawl 27 in its initial position goes back and the next arm of the driver cross 11 until the next contact the key flap 35 holds.

The task of the time relay 51 is to activate the electromagnet 28 immediately after pulling the pawl 27 to fall off again, in order to chop through the chopping knives 6 one after the other to prevent still contact-making key flap position. In addition, the time relay 51 has the task of to interrupt the button circuit through the closed-circuit relay 52 until the plant that the Has triggered contact, the chopping knife 6 is out of the chopping area.

As from the circuit diagram of FIG. 6 can be seen, can take the place of that contained in the circuit diagram of FIG Timing relay 51 a mechanical pendulum 54 set in oscillation take over its function. The pendulum 54 is attached to the housing 8 on a pendulum axle 55 so that in the vertical rest position the pendulum 54 in the flight circle of the arms of the driver cross 11 and on a contact spring 56 is located. When the driver cross 11 is rotated, the pendulum 54 stops an impulse is sent to an arm of the carrier cross 11 and is pivoted by the contact spring 56, whereby an interruption of the circuit from the closed-circuit relay 52 takes place.

The oscillation path of the pendulum 54 and thus also the time for the interruption is through a set screw 57 attached to the housing 8 and lying in the trajectory of the pendulum 54. By closing the changeover switch 58, whereby the probe circuit is short-circuited, the Possibility of cultivating row crops with the hoeing unit in the rhythm of the time delay of the Time relay 51 or the pendulum 54 to be heard.

In Fig. 3, seen in plan view, is schematic the arrangement of the chopping units on the tool carrier of one pulled by a tractor Hoe can be seen. Here it is shown how this is done by the tractor via a cardan shaft, a bevel gear and chain drive transmitted torque via deflection and tensioning rollers on the drive sprockets 9 of the chopping units is transferred.

To achieve a smooth run of the chopping machine equipped with several chopping units it is advantageous to have the drive direction of rotation of the individual chopping units opposite to one another keep.

Claims (20)

Patent claims: 1. Chopping and separating unit with knife cross arranged on a vertical drive shaft for the processing of field row crops, characterized in that maintenance) and seen in the working direction the shaft end of the drive shaft (1), which is provided with a through hole, an between two chopping knives (5, 6) attached buttons (34) and for the controlled drive of the Knife cross on the unit transmission elements, consisting of drive sprocket (9), Toothed washer (10), drive spider (11), dry clutch washer (12), and one with the button related automatic control system, consisting of a cam track (24), a Electromagnet (28) and a time relay (51) are arranged. 2. chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the Drive shaft (1) is arranged in a circumferential sleeve (2), which in turn has two roller bearings (7) is mounted in a housing (8), on the upper end of the sleeve and with this The drive sprocket (9) is rotatably connected to the toothed disc (10). 3. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the drive sprocket (9) and the toothed disc (10) with a through hole for the drive shaft (1) are provided. 4. chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper End of the drive shaft (1) is designed in its cross section as a profile shaft. 5. chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that in the A tube (30) is mounted in two bearing bushes (31) through the drive shaft (1), and that it is preferably adjustable in height via a clamp connection and within the Flying circle of the chopping knife handles (5) lying, the button (34) is attached. 6. chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that that on the front of the button (34) in front of the tube (30) as seen in the direction of travel, a flap located transversely to the direction of travel and preferably made of plastic (35) via an axis on which a contact roller (36) is attached, is mounted oscillating. 7. chopping and separating unit according to claims 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that that for receiving a tension spring (38), but preferably for receiving a rubber band, a spring clip (37) on the axis of the key flap (35) and a retaining plate on the key (34) (39) are attached. 8. chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that that a stop bracket (40) is attached to the axis of the key flap (35). 9. chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that on the smooth inner surface of the toothed disc (10) a dry clutch disc provided with a through-hole for the drive shaft (1) (12) rests, which is preferably on the lower side with a brake lining (13) and is covered on the upper side with a rubber washer (14). 10. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1, 4 and 9, characterized in that that can be moved lengthways on the upper end of the drive shaft (1) and on the rubber washer (14) resting, a provided with a profile hub driver cross (11) is provided and that for Fixation of the driver cross on the housing (8) via a pawl bolt (26) a pawl (27) is arranged. 11. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 9, characterized in that that on the dry clutch disc (12) and opposite each other preferably two driving pins (21) are attached. 12. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that that the electromagnet (28) is attached to the housing (8) and that the pawl (27) is attached to it is hinged. 13. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that that a fuse (29) is attached to the pawl (27). 14. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 10, characterized in that that in opposite to the cam track (24) and to the toothing of the toothed disc (10) perpendicular through the arms of the carrier cross (11) T-shaped groove guides with an elongated hole for receiving a locking pressure spring (22) provided driver catches (23) are arranged. 15. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1, 6 and 12, characterized in that that when the pushbutton flap (35) is pressed from its vertical position, a circuit is briefly established Via the contact roller (36), a closed-circuit relay (52) and a switching relay (49) to the electromagnet (28) is closed. 16. Chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that in place of the time relay (51) a pendulum (54) via a pendulum axis (55), preferably on the housing (8) is arranged. 17. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 16, characterized in that that, lying in the trajectory of the pendulum (54), an adjusting screw (57) is attached to the housing (8) is. 18. Chopping and separating unit according to claims 1 and 16, characterized in that that a contact spring (56) is attached to the housing (8), into which the pendulum (54) is in its rest position intervenes. 19. Chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that im A changeover switch (58) is installed in the control circuit. 20. Chopping and separating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the chopping knife (5) are provided with a cutting edge on all sides. Considered publications:
Swiss Patent No. 257 316;
French patents No. 1,352,912,
394, 1227 560, 967149, 738 990. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings 709 608/110 6.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin