DE1239212B - Billet grinding machine - Google Patents

Description

FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

EDITORIAL

Int. Cl .:

B 24 b

German class: 67 a - 31/02

Number: 1239212

File number: D 384041 b / 67 a

Filing date: March 20, 1962

Open date: April 20, 1967

The invention relates to a billet grinding machine with a clamping table opposite the workpiece along a vertical guide by a reversing motor up and down movable carrier, on which a limited pivotable about a horizontal axis and using resilient Link-supported pendulum grinding unit for almost constant grinding wheel pressure irregular workpiece surface is arranged.

The billets for which the grinding machine is intended are from the first rolling out of raw blocks covered with a mill skin and scale and also have defects in shape resulting from rolling of cracks and cracks.

Before the billets are rolled out for the second time, this mill scale and the surface defects must be removed will. Mostly freely suspended pendulum grinding machines are used for this purpose, the grinding unit of Hand is guided. This requires a great deal of manual labor and time and considerable loss of steel or inadequate crack removal.

Other known grinding machines automatically grind flat surfaces on the billet; here the feed rate is dependent on the energy consumption of the grinding wheel drive motor Grinding wheel controlled.

Machines for the automatic grinding of billets have also been developed, which aim to obtain a uniform material thickness. To get the uniform you want To achieve removal of a certain layer of material, a billet grinder is known, in which the grinding wheel with the same grinding pressure across all contour changes through ela-

Billet grinder

Applicant:

E. W. Bliss Company, Canton, Ohio (V. St. A.) Representative:

Dr. phil. G. Henkel and Dr. rer. nat. W. D. Henkel, patent attorneys, Munich 9, Eduard-Schmid-Str.

Named as inventor:

Paul Di Leila, Syracuse, N.Y. (V. St. A.)

Claimed priority:

V. St. v. America March 22, 1961 (97 562) - -

follows. These changes in pressure between the grinding wheel and the workpiece contour lead to fluctuations in the load on the grinding motor, which can be used as a starting point for constant grinding pressure regulation. Since the previously known billet grinders lack the required tight control and regulation of the grinding pressure, incorrectly ground billets are still produced or additional steel losses are caused. The object of the invention is therefore to create a billet grinding machine which, while avoiding the above-mentioned disadvantages, decreases any desired uniform material thickness under constant grinding pressure from the billet surfaces, even with considerable thickness tables, in a swinging manner against the differentiated ones,
abrasive surface is pressed. Although this in the billet grinding according to the invention

Machine with an elastic pen machine around an axis, this is achieved by using the arm as a support for the vertically along a grinding spindle adjustable depending on the load on the grinding guide and motor with a comparison of the reversing stroke motor taken up by it for this purpose has, the up- 4 ° voltage with a reference voltage working right maintenance of a constant grinding pressure is a control device that uses an electrical control on a workpiece with larger thickness differences to move the reversing motor up and down due to the lack of provision for a quick and precise work- ing Affected by the carrier,
control system not satisfactory. Without For larger pendulum swings of the sprung

Control fluctuates this pressure necessarily, 45 swingable support arm of the grinding wheel because the differences in thickness of the billet affect the load change table resulting from this Move the grinding pendulum up and down, which means that the grinding wheel motor is used to Changes in the spring force and thus the pressure on the entire unit on the vertical guide appear. For the purpose of removing an even and from moving or infeeding reversing material thickness is, however, a constant, before 50 motor to put into action and so the unit with Always maintain a specified pressure, while the grinding wheel continuously varies depending on the thickness the grinding wheel to track the contour of the billet.

709 550/106

3 4

However, it is already known per se to limit bolts 240 arranged as standard 192 and 221, processes depending on the load on the grinding motor. Pressure coil springs 241 spring the movements to undertake, namely with regard to constant ver of the plate 221 and the arms 220 in a counterclockwise relationship for grinding pressure, feed and infeed. make sense. On the plate 221 there are U-shaped links However, this is a precision grinding 5 243 that is attached to the top, over the top edges machines, not around roughly working billets - plates 192 and 221 away and back again Grinding devices. The essence of the invention lies below the plate 192 range below. These links 243 therefore in the application of regular measures with only serve as a means of security against an over-related Means for comparing two moderate downward pivoting of the arm 220, 221 and Tensions for coarse-working billet grinders on shaft 228 in the event that bolts 240 fail aggregates. should.

The following is an embodiment of the He- This arrangement enables an elastic location described in more detail on the basis of the drawings, vertical oscillation of the arm bordered 220,221 It points towards the carrier 188,192, and the disc will

F i g. 1 an end view of a billet grinding 15 through the weight of the disk mount including accessories

machine with the features of the invention, accessories and under the action of springs 241 after-

F i g. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of one pushed towards the stick B.

Grinding wheel holder and the electrical circuit of the Kmipple grinding

F i g. 3 is a circuit diagram of the machine electrical circuit in FIG. 3 shown. The machine will

the billet grinder. 2 ° started by first using a start-up switch

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, a grinding wheel 232 is closed, which connects the machine via lines

carried by a carrier 188, 192, 223 which applies voltage to 267 and 284. After that, a

two vertical columns 160, which are actuated on motor starter 290, whose contacts 291, 292,

a carriage 161, 168 are arranged, which transversely 293 sets the grinding motor 233 under tension.

to the table 28 towards him and away from him- 25 This starter 290 also points to a later

is cash. contact 294 explained in more detail. In the one

A plate 177 is at the head ends of the columns feed line of the grinding motor 233 is a current

160 attached, which are designed to be hollow and each to a converter 295, which has a full-wave rectifier 296

a cable 181 attached weight 180 to feeds, the outputs 297 and 298 via lines

Enclose the counterbalance of the unit. The 30 300, 301 are connected to a relay 299.

Cables extend over pulleys 182 to the outputs 297 and 298 is also over

down to supports 184 on a collar piece lines 304,305 a voltage divider 302 is attached.

185 of the carrier 188. The deflection rollers 182 are closed, the tap 306 of which via a line 307

Supports 183 stored, which is connected to a potentiometer 308 on the cover plate 177, whose

are brought. 35 at the other end via a line 312 to the

The plate 177 has a receiving opening for handle 310 of a further voltage divider 311 clubs Rack 197, which is linked by means of screws 199. The potentiometer 308 is via cable and support 198 on one of the transverse members 187 is reinforced by a rectifier 313 is. bridges.

The rack is connected to a pinion 200. 40 Lines 317, 318 are connected to a regulated equal grip, that is connected to the output shaft 201 of a sub-voltage source, the lines The setting gear 202 is seated, which is connected to a reverser 317 as well as the one coming from the rectifier 296 siermotor 203 is connected, which leads to a positive DC voltage on line 298. Of the Cover plate 177 attached console rests. The deck voltage divider 311 is on the one hand via a line Plate 177 is partly supported by inclined supports 205, a limiting resistor 321 and a guide support. The reversing motor 203 is used via the device 322 to the positive line 317 and on the other hand Gear drive to move the carrier 188, 192, 223 vertically on the via a line 323, an adjustable counter-column 160 up and down. stood 324, a line 325, a voltage divider

According to FIG. 2 two form a U-profile aufwei- 326, a line 327, a potentiometer 328 and

send arm members 220, which on the inside of a plate 50 connect a line 329 to the negative line 318

221 are attached, an angled arm, dial closed.

Two further, similar arms 223 on the plate are attached to the line 317 via a line 330 which are attached to the 192 and protrude from it to the front through the opening of a control field 331 of a control device 224 in the plate 221. This device 332, for example a dynamo-electric arms 223, carry at their front ends bearing 55 generators with compensated armature reaction brackets 225, and bearing brackets for excitation aligned to them, for example a device known under the designation 227, are connected on the underside of the middle part of the arms 220 Amplidyne. The attached. Another side of the control field 331 rests in these brackets 225, 227, via a line axis 228, whereby the arms 220 together with plate 221, 335, a contact 336, a line 337, and a diode are pivotably mounted on it. The arms 220 60 338, a line 339, a contact 340, a guide collar on the underside near their ends bearing support device 341, a contact 342, a line 344, a 230, in which the grinding wheel shaft 231 rotatable contact 345, a line 346 and an am Support is mounted and can be driven by V-belt 238. 188 attached limit switch 347 to the output The grinding motor 233 is connected to a plate 235 mon- 298 of the rectifier 296,
65 With automatic pressure regulation, the contacts of a spacer 237 with the plate 221 342 and 345 are closed. The contacts 336 and 340 is screwed. The pivoting movement of the arms 220 are closed via the relay 350 when this and the plate 221 are activated by a manual switch 351 in the upper part of the plates to respond.

5 6

is brought, the circuit of the line 287 to minüber the pressure between disc and stick the closed contact 294 of the sliding dem. As the pressure decreases, so does the chip motor starter 290, on line 352, a contact on voltage divider 302, and as soon as voltage 353, a line 354, a contact 355, an equality on the two voltage dividers 302 and device 356, the switch 351, a line 357 that 5 311 enters, the reversing motor 203 remains again closed contact 358, a line 359 that stand. If the upward curved or high Relay 350 and a line 360 to line 284 are ground on the stick and thereby the runs. By closing the contacts 336 and 340, the load on the grinding motor 233 also decreases the circuit from lines 298, 317 to the field is the output voltage of voltage divider 302, 331 closed. io thereby reversing the polarity of field 331 and

The reversing motor 203 is connected to the outputs 362, the reversing motor 203 is caused to be the carrier

363 of the control device 332 connected. Lower in front of 188, 192, 223 until the pressure

or return are opened again by the control field 331 between the grinding wheel and the billet

marked polarity. How earlier it returned to its old value. In fact,

was specified, the direct current source 317, 15 these changes in the height position of the carrier

318 adjusted to supply a reference voltage. gers 188.192. 223 always takes place instantaneously, whereby

The algebraic sum of the output voltages grinding the disk of the with a given pressure

of the two voltage dividers 311 and 302 are closely followed in the stick contour and thus an equal

Entered field 331, the polarity of which processed the remaining material thickness from the billet

output polarity of the control device 332 is determined. 20 turns.

This polarity is in turn affected by the current. B. when agreeing, the recorded by the grinding motor 233 put the grinding wheel on the billet and thus will. If this current decrease at the voltage divider against resting with excessive pressure on the 302 generates a voltage, which the reference chip stick, switching elements are provided which the voltage exceeds the voltage divider 311, then regulate 25 motor activity automatically so that the the polarity of the field 331 is such that that of the carrier 188, 192, 223 when the grinding ends Lines 362, 363 led tension the disk to the front corner edge of the billet only Reversing motor 203 gradually lowers the carrier 188, 192, 223 afterwards.

above and thereby the grinding wheel from the workpiece This is done by the limiting resistor 321,

move away. The reverse movement 30, the voltage dividers 311, 326, the potentiometer 328

is possible, d. i.e., in the case where the reference voltage and the adjustable resistor 324, which the

The voltage at the voltage divider 311 at the divider 302 is determined by the voltage at the voltage divider 311. To

If the voltage exceeds the limit, the reversing wheel moves the grinding wheel onto the billet

motor 203 the carrier 188,192,223 plus grinding- the adjustable resistor 324 is short-circuited-

disk 232 down towards the workpiece. 35 sen, and during the downward movement of the grinding

The pressure exerted by the grinding wheel 232 makes the potentiometer 328 automatically such a workpiece attacks, is regulated by setting the down that there is a voltage reduction on handle 310 of voltage divider 311 and thereby causing voltage divider 311, conditional increase or decrease in the reference voltage as soon as the grinding wheel 232 is placed on the front corner or varies. 40 attacks the edge of the stick, the current load increases

It can be seen that the grinding motor 233 starts immediately through such an earth, which increases the power or lowering of the reference voltage and correspondingly the voltage of the lines 297, 298 the resulting change in the contact pressure from rectifier 296 increases the voltage on between the grinding wheel and the workpiece a voltage divider 302 rises and the relay 299 to speaking change in current consumption is brought about by 45 response, so that its condensate Grinding motor 233 and accordingly a change clocks 383, 384 close. The closed contact in the rectifier output 297, 298, ie a change 383 closes via the line 385 and the lines When the voltage at the voltage divider 302 is generated, the adjustable resistor 324 is briefly called 386, 387. This leads to the situation in which the span through the voltage at the voltage divider 311 and Voltage at the voltage divider 311 and the counter or 50 thereby increases the potential of the line 330 so that The signal voltage at the voltage divider 302 is the same, but via the control device 332 and the reversing counterpart Are polarity. Thus, a motor 203 will cause a downward movement of the carrier 188, algebraic sum of the voltages of zero 192, 223.

pressed onto the field 331, which is also that of the As compared to the corner edge of the billet Lines 362,363 led to zero voltage will only present a small area on its flat top and the reversing motor 203 offers to come to rest, is preferably between disk and leaves. As a result, the grinding wheel pressure is set by the billet corner edge, a grinding pressure that is in the Adjustment of the tap 310 of the voltage divider compared to the specified grinding draft for the 311 adjusted so that the machine with the previously flat top of the stick is only slight. These auto-hired Pressure works and thereby in turn a matic adjustment is effected as follows: If the thickness or amount of the stick abraded by the disc mount in its forward position fenen material is determined. contact 390 becomes one in a circle

If the ground billet surface is not located between the lines 267, 284 switch is flat, but for example curved upwards, 392, whereby two become parallel to each other as a result, the pressure between the grinding wheel and 65 ter switched the contact 390 into this circuit Stick increases, so the voltage on voltage relay 420, 421 drops. This means that the divider 302 increases and as a result an upward relay 421 of the "forward" contact 422 is opened and movement of the reversing motor 203 triggered, the "reverse" contact 423 closed and when

Claims (1)

Relay 420 of "forward" contact 425 is open. This arrangement closes a circuit from the line 427 via the now closed contact 384, a line 428, a potentiometer 429, a line 430, the closed contact 423 and the lines 386, 387 to the line 325. As a result, the potentiometer 429 is parallel to the potentiometer 328 and to the voltage divider 326. This reduces the voltage across the voltage divider 311 , whereby the signal voltage in the line 312 can more effectively reduce the positive voltage in the line 330 to the field 331 and thus automatically a reduced contact pressure between the front corner edge while the front corner edge is being ground Grinding wheel and billet. As mentioned, with every back and forth movement of the billet carriage table, carriage 161 and the disc holder are moved back. Here, the actuator for the switch 392 lifts from this, whereby the contact 390 closes again and the relays 420, 421 are made to respond, whose contacts 422 and 425 close and whose contact 423 opens. By closing the contact 422 , the voltage divider 326 and the potentiometer 328 are bridged via the lines 329, 427 and 435 and 386, 387 and 325, respectively. As a result, regardless of the setting of the voltage divider 311, a voltage is generated across the voltage divider which sets the preselected grinding pressure for grinding the top of the stick. When the carriage has moved back so far that the grinding wheel is near the rear corner of the billet, a switch 396 in series with switch 392 is closed by its actuator, causing its contact 436 to open and relay 421 to drop out . However, the relay 420 remains energized for the time being, since the contact 390 of the switch 392 is closed at this point in time. When relay 421 drops out, its contact 423 closes and its contact 422 opens, which again shunts potentiometer 429 to part of voltage divider 326 and potentiometer 370 and lowers the voltage at voltage divider 311 and a weaker grinding pressure for grinding the rear corner edge of the billet is created. This shunt runs from the line 329 via line 427, contact 384, line 428, potentiometer 429, closed contacts 423 and 425 and line 594 to tap 595 of voltage divider 326. Evidently is the pressure setting for the grinding of the front corner edge of the billet, the potentiometer 429 in parallel with the potentiometer 328 and the voltage divider 326, while in the grinding pressure regulating for the rear Knüppeleckkante circuit the potentiometer is in parallel to the potentiometer 328 and a part of the voltage divider 326 429 . This arrangement allows the operator to adjust the trailing edge sanding pressure by moving the contact 595 independently of the leading edge sanding pressure setting. It can be seen that when the switch 351 is closed, the machine works in such a way that the upper side of the stick is machined with a previously set pressure and that this pressure is automatically maintained regardless of any curvature in the stick. Claim: Billet grinding machine with a carrier that can be moved up and down in relation to the workpiece clamping table along a vertical guide by a reversing motor, on which a pendulum grinding unit, which can be pivoted to a limited extent around a horizontal axis and is supported using resilient members, is arranged for approximately constant grinding wheel pressure with an irregular workpiece surface, characterized by the use of a dependent of the load on the grinding motor (233) by comparing the voltage (295) it has picked up with a set reference voltage (317, 318) operating control device (296, 302, 311) which, via an electrical control generator (331, 332), drives the reversing motor (203) and moving the carrier (187,188, 192,223) . Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 1 082 829, 966 647, 055, 290 179; Swiss patents No. 285 229, 962;
U.S. Patents Nos. 2,876,598, 2,807,123, 748 546, 2 651 888, 2 403 341, 2 308 842, 2 290 611. 1 sheet of drawings 709 550/106 4.67 © Bundesdruckerei Berlin