DE112021000151B4 - Method of supporting the excavation pit under the geological condition of the soil layer mixed with stone blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for supporting an excavation under the geological condition of a soil layer mixed with stone blocks, comprising the steps of:S1: geological exploration of a position of stone blocks (5) on an excavation path of the excavation;S2: measuring and positioning a boundary of the excavation;S3: a drilling machine processes the stone blocks (5) along the boundary of an excavation support; the drilling machine first drills several large holes in the soil layer above the stone blocks (5), then steel protection pipes (2) are respectively inserted into large holes, thereafter the drilling machine passes through the steel protection pipes (2) and drills small holes on the stone blocks (5), then hydraulic splitting machines (8) are inserted into the small holes to split the stone blocks (5) to form a crack by the hydraulic splitting machines (8),S4: excavating a surface soil, installing a steel purlin (4) and driving a steel sheet pile (1) after arranging a support structure in a borehole; characterized in that the support structure comprises a plurality of insert plates (7) and a connecting plate (6), wherein clamping grooves corresponding to the insert plates (7) are provided on both sides of the connecting plate (6), and wherein, after the hydraulic splitting machines (8) split the stone blocks (5) to form a crack, a ram first inserts the respective insert plates (7) into the crack between two adjacent protective tubes (2), and wherein the hydraulic splitting machines (8) and the protective tubes (2) are then dismantled to insert the connecting plate (6) into a gap between the insert plates (7).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to a method for supporting the excavation pit under the geological condition of the soil layer mixed with stone blocks.

STATE OF THE ART

In the construction process of new excavation, various types of excavation support structures are often used, and there are forms such as I-beam pile support, Larssen steel steel plate pile support, cement mix pile support. Under the geological conditions where there are many large stone blocks in the soil layer, the pile head of I-beam, Larssen pile or cement mix pile cannot penetrate the stone blocks, these support structures cannot be used directly, only blast or break the stone blocks, after over-excavation and replacement filling, the support piles are driven in, then reverse trench excavation is carried out, which not only causes a sharp increase in project investment and prolongs the construction period, but also easily causes safety accidents and affects surrounding roads or houses.

The publication CN101985836A discloses a method for processing a pile wall-type retaining structure of an excavation in the event of a large stone block being encountered. The method comprises the steps of: 1) when the pile wall-type retaining structure encounters a stone block, the construction is stopped and the earthwork is backfilled to the ground; 2) a pore-forming machine is used to drill from the ground and pierce the stone block; 3) an earth blocking structure under the stone block is processed; and 4) the hole is continuously formed from the ground to the top of the stone block. In this technical solution, the hole is drilled until the stone block is pierced and then the earth blocking structure under the stone block is processed.

CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for supporting the excavation under the geological condition of the soil layer mixed with stone blocks to solve the problems that under the geological condition of the existing soil layer mixed with stone blocks, the excavation support does not penetrate the stone blocks but can only blast or break the stone blocks, after over-excavation and replacement filling, the support piles are driven in and then reverse trench excavation is carried out, which causes a sharp increase in project investment, prolongs the construction period and affects surrounding roads or houses.

• ein Verfahren zur Unterstützung einer Baugrube unter der geologischen Bedingung der mit Steinblöcken gemischten Bodenschicht, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
  • S 1: geologische Erkundung einer Position von Steinblöcken auf einem Ausgrabungsweg der Baugrube;
  • S2: Messen und Positionieren der Grenze der Baugrube;
  • S3: eine Bohrmaschine bearbeitet die Steinblöcke entlang der Grenze einer Baugrubenstütze;
  • S4: Ausheben eines Oberflächenbodens, Installieren einer Stahlpfette und Eintreiben eines Stahlblechpfahls nach dem Anordnen einer Stützkonstruktion in einem Bohrloch.

To solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses a following technical solution:

• a method for supporting an excavation pit under the geological condition of the soil layer mixed with stone blocks, comprising the following steps:
  • S 1: geological exploration of a position of stone blocks on an excavation path of the construction pit;
  • S2: Measuring and positioning the boundary of the excavation pit;
  • S3: a drilling machine processes the stone blocks along the edge of an excavation support;
  • S4: Excavating a surface soil, installing a steel purlin and driving a steel sheet pile after arranging a support structure in a borehole.

When the above-mentioned step S3 is carried out, the borehole is required to pass through the stone blocks.

The support structure comprises a protective tube passing through the borehole, wherein an I-steel is arranged in the protective tube, and wherein the space between the I-steel and the protective tube is filled with cement slurry.

In carrying out the above-mentioned step S3, after the drilling machine first drills a plurality of large holes in the soil layer above the stone blocks, the protective pipes are respectively inserted into the plurality of large holes, small holes are then continuously drilled in the stone blocks through the protective pipes, and then hydraulic splitting machines are inserted into the small holes to split the stone blocks to form a crack by the hydraulic splitting machines.

The support structure comprises a plurality of insert plates and a connecting plate, wherein clamping grooves corresponding to the insert plates are provided on the two sides of the connecting plate, and wherein, after the hydraulic splitting machines split the stone blocks to form a crack, the ram first inserts the respective insert plates into the crack between two adjacent protective tubes, and then the hydraulic splitting machines and the protective tubes must be dismantled in order to insert the connecting plate into the gap between the insert plates.

1. 1. die Projektkosten sind niedrig und die Bauzeit ist kurz; mit diesem Verfahren zur Unterstützung der Baugrube werden die Projektkosten um mindestens 40% im Vergleich zum Prozess mit Überaushub, Ersetzungsfüllung und Rückwärts-Grabenaushub reduziert, und gleichzeitig können mehrere Arbeitsflächen begonnen werden, was die Bauzeit einspart und keine Umweltverschmutzung verursacht;
2. 2. geringer Platzbedarf, starke Anpassungsfähigkeit an das umliegende Gelände und hohe Sicherheit; es ist im Wesentlichen nicht durch das umliegende Gelände und die Gebäude eingeschränkt, und der Aushub wird erst durchgeführt, nachdem die Baugrubenstütze abgeschlossen war, wodurch eine gute Sicherheit erzielt wird, und die umliegenden Straßen und Gebäude werden nicht beeinträchtigt;
3. 3. nachdem die Stützkonstruktion herausgezogen wurde, kann die Technologie des Recyclings realisiert werden, was die Nutzungsrate von Ressourcen verbessert und den Verbrauch von Einwegmaterialien so weit wie möglich verringert;
4. 4. für den Abstand der Stützkonstruktionen können eine strukturelle Berechnung und Anpassung entsprechend der Tiefe der Baugrube durchgeführt werden, wodurch eine gute Anpassungsfähigkeit erzielt wird.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. 1. the project cost is low and the construction period is short; with this excavation support method, the project cost is reduced by at least 40% compared with the process of over-excavation, replacement filling and reverse trenching, and multiple work areas can be started at the same time, which saves construction time and does not cause environmental pollution;
2. 2. Small footprint, strong adaptability to the surrounding terrain and high safety; it is basically not restricted by the surrounding terrain and buildings, and the excavation is carried out only after the excavation support is completed, thus achieving good safety, and the surrounding roads and buildings are not affected;
3. 3. After the supporting structure is pulled out, the technology of recycling can be realized, which improves the utilization rate of resources and reduces the consumption of disposable materials as much as possible;
4. 4. For the spacing of the support structures, structural calculation and adjustment can be carried out according to the depth of the excavation, thus achieving good adaptability.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

• 1 zeigt ein schematisches Strukturdiagramm in einer Draufsicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels;
• 2 zeigt ein schematisches Strukturdiagramm in einer Vorderansicht des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels;
• 3 zeigt ein schematisches Strukturdiagramm in einer Draufsicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels;
• 4 zeigt eine schematische Vorderansicht der Teilschnittstruktur des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels;
• 5 zeigt ein schematisches Strukturdiagramm in einer Teilschnittansicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels;
• 6 zeigt ein schematisches Strukturdiagramm in teilweiser Draufsicht des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels.

The present invention is explained in more detail below in connection with figures:

• 1 shows a schematic structural diagram in a plan view of the first embodiment;
• 2 shows a schematic structural diagram in a front view of the first embodiment;
• 3 shows a schematic structural diagram in a plan view of the second embodiment;
• 4 shows a schematic front view of the partial sectional structure of the second embodiment;
• 5 shows a schematic structural diagram in a partial sectional view of the second embodiment;
• 6 shows a schematic structural diagram in partial plan view of the second embodiment.

List of reference symbols

1

Steel sheet pile

2

Protective tube

3

I-steel

4

Steel purlin

5

stone block

6

Connecting plate

7

Insert plate

8th

Hydraulic splitting machine

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

• S1: geologische Erkundung einer Position von Steinblöcken 5 auf einem Ausgrabungsweg der Baugrube;
• S2: Messen der Grenze der Baugrube und Positionieren durch Linien;
• S3: eine Bohrmaschine bearbeitet die Steinblöcke 5 entlang der Grenze einer Baugrubenstütze;
• S4: Ausheben eines Oberflächenbodens, Installieren einer Stahlpfette 4 und Eintreiben eines Stahlblechpfahls 1 nach dem Anordnen einer Stützkonstruktion in dem Bohrloch.

A method for supporting the excavation pit under the geological condition of the soil layer mixed with stone blocks, comprising the following steps:

• S1: geological exploration of a position of stone blocks 5 on an excavation path of the construction pit;
• S2: Measuring the boundary of the excavation pit and positioning by lines;
• S3: a drilling machine processes the stone blocks 5 along the edge of an excavation support;
• S4: Excavating a surface soil, installing a steel purlin 4 and driving a steel sheet pile 1 after arranging a support structure in the borehole.

Two types of support structures are explained in more detail below:

Example 1

If the thickness of the stone blocks 5 is less than 1m, a support structure made of the PE protective pipe 2 and the I-steel 3 can be used, as shown in 1 and 2 As shown in the figure, the stone block 5 is pierced by the drilling machine during implementation, then lubricating oil is spread on the inner wall of the protective pipe 2, and the protective pipe is inserted into the borehole, the I-steel 3 is placed in the borehole, and the space between the I-steel 3 and the protective pipe 2 is filled with cement slurry, after the cement slurry hardens, earth or stones of about 50cm are dug out on the surface of the soil layer, then the steel purlin 4 is installed and the steel sheet pile 1 is driven in, after the excavation of the excavation pit, the PE The protective tube 2 and the I-steel 3 are pulled out by a ram and reused.

Example 2

If the thickness of the stone blocks 5 is greater than 1m and the drilling machine is relatively difficult to drill the stone blocks 5, a support structure consisting of several insert plates 7, a connecting plate 6 and a steel protection tube 2 can be used, as shown in 5 and 6 shown, in the implementation, the drilling machine first drills several large holes in the soil layer above the stone blocks, then the steel protection pipes 2 are inserted into the large holes, then small holes are drilled on the stone blocks 5, then hydraulic splitting machines are inserted into the small holes, to split the stone blocks 2 through the several hydraulic splitting machines 8 to form a crack with a width of 2-3cm, through the ram, first the respective insert plates 7 are inserted into the crack between two adjacent protection pipes 2, then the hydraulic splitting machines 8 and the protection pipes 2 are disassembled, and the connecting plate 6 is inserted into the crack between the insert plates 7, it is required that the two sides of the insert plate 7 are in the clamping grooves of the connecting plate 6, the stone blocks 5 and the soil layer 7 clamp the insert plates 7, then the steel plate pile 1 is driven in by the ram and the steel purlin 4 is installed to complete the installation of the surrounding supports of the excavation pit.

Claims (1)

A method of supporting an excavation under the geological condition of a soil layer mixed with stone blocks, comprising the steps of: S1: geological exploration of a position of stone blocks (5) on an excavation path of the excavation; S2: measuring and positioning a boundary of the excavation; S3: a drilling machine processes the stone blocks (5) along the boundary of an excavation support; the drilling machine first drills several large holes in the soil layer above the stone blocks (5), then steel protection pipes (2) are respectively inserted into large holes, thereafter the drilling machine passes through the steel protection pipes (2) and drills small holes on the stone blocks (5), then hydraulic splitting machines (8) are inserted into the small holes to split the stone blocks (5) to form a crack by the hydraulic splitting machines (8), S4: excavating a surface soil, installing a steel purlin (4) and driving a steel plate pile (1) after arranging a support structure in a borehole; characterized in that the support structure comprises a plurality of insert plates (7) and a connecting plate (6), wherein clamping grooves corresponding to the insert plates (7) are provided on both sides of the connecting plate (6), and wherein, after the hydraulic splitting machines (8) split the stone blocks (5) to form a crack, a ram first inserts the respective insert plates (7) into the crack between two adjacent protective tubes (2), and wherein the hydraulic splitting machines (8) and the protective tubes (2) are then dismantled to insert the connecting plate (6) into a gap between the insert plates (7).

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