DE1106429B - X-ray tube rotating anode - Google Patents
X-ray tube rotating anodeInfo
- Publication number
- DE1106429B DE1106429B DEC14417A DEC0014417A DE1106429B DE 1106429 B DE1106429 B DE 1106429B DE C14417 A DEC14417 A DE C14417A DE C0014417 A DEC0014417 A DE C0014417A DE 1106429 B DE1106429 B DE 1106429B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rhenium
- layer
- anode
- temperature
- surface layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/083—Bonding or fixing with the support or substrate
- H01J2235/084—Target-substrate interlayers or structures, e.g. to control or prevent diffusion or improve adhesion
Landscapes
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHESGERMAN
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Röntgenröhren-Drehanode, deren Oberfläche wenigstens teilweise aus Rhenium und deren Körper aus einem Material mit gutem Wärmespeichervermögen besteht.The invention relates to an X-ray tube rotating anode, the surface of which is at least partially made of Rhenium and its body consists of a material with good heat storage capacity.
Es ist bekannt, daß die Alterung von Röntgenröhren im wesentlichen auf durch Wärmedehnungen bedingte mechanische Spannungen zurückzuführen ist. Zur Erzielung einer hinreichenden Lebensdauer ist es daher wesentlich, daß die Temperatur im Bereich der Brennfleckbahn der Anodenscheibe und die Temperatur des Anodenkörpers im Betrieb stets unterhalb eines kritischen Wertes bleibt, oberhalb dessen sich die Alterungserscheinungen sehr schnell ungünstig bemerkbar machen.It is known that the aging of X-ray tubes is essentially due to thermal expansion mechanical stress is due. In order to achieve a sufficient service life, it is therefore essential that the temperature in the area of the focal point path of the anode disk and the temperature of the Anode body always remains below a critical value during operation, above which the signs of aging are very quickly and unfavorably noticeable.
Für die Konstruktion von Röntgenröhren-Drehanöden bieten sich somit grundsätzlich zwei Lösungen an: Man kann entweder als Material für den Anodenkörper Metalle verwenden, die hohen kritischen Temperaturen standhalten, oder man kann zusätzliche Maßnahme treffen, die es gestatten, die Betriebstemperatur stets unterhalb der kritischen Temperatur zu halten. Bei Drehanoden hat man bisher durchweg den erstgenannten Weg besehritten.There are basically two solutions for the construction of rotating X-ray tubes an: You can either use metals as the material for the anode body, the high critical temperatures withstand, or one can take additional measures that allow the operating temperature always to be kept below the critical temperature. With rotating anodes one has so far consistently walked the former path.
Da das Material für den Anodenkörper der Röntgenröhre ein gutes mechanisches Verhalten, eine hohe Wärmekapazität und eine günstige thermische Leitfähigkeit besitzen mußte, kamen hierfür nur wenige Metalle, insbesondere Wolfram und Molybdän, in Frage. Dabei zeigte sich jedoch, daß die »klassischen« Anoden aus Wolfram den bei Hochleitungsröhren von der Praxis gestellten Anforderungen nicht mehr genügen konnten.Since the material for the anode body of the X-ray tube has good mechanical behavior, high Had to have heat capacity and a favorable thermal conductivity, only a few came for this Metals, in particular tungsten and molybdenum, are possible. It turned out, however, that the "classic" Tungsten anodes no longer meet the practical requirements for high-performance tubes could.
Da sich andererseits keine neuen Werkstoffe finden ließen, die als Material für Anodenkörper von Röntgenröhren in Frage kommen könnten und höhere kritische Temperaturen als Wolfram zuließen, stand die bisherige Röntgenröhrenentwicklung vor einer erheblichen Schwierigkeit.On the other hand, since no new materials could be found that could be used as material for the anode bodies of X-ray tubes could come into question and allow higher critical temperatures than tungsten, was the previous one X-ray tube development faced a significant difficulty.
Um hier neue Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten zu schaffen, beschreitet die Erfindung den zweiten eingangs genannten Weg, indem sie zusätzliche Maßnahmen trifft, die es gestatten, die Betriebstemperatur der Röntgenröhre stets unterhalb der kritischen Temperatur zu halten.In order to create new development opportunities here, the invention proceeds from the second at the outset named way by taking additional measures that allow the operating temperature to keep the X-ray tube below the critical temperature at all times.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung besteht im wesentliehen darin, daß zumindest der nicht die Brennfleckbahn bildende Oberflächenteil des aus hochtemperaturfestem Material bestehenden Anodenkörpers mit einer dünnen Oberflächenschicht aus Rhenium versehen ist.The solution according to the invention consists essentially in the fact that at least not the focal point path forming part of the surface of the anode body made of high temperature resistant material with a is provided with a thin surface layer of rhenium.
Die Verwendung von Rhenium bei Anoden von Röntgenröhren ist an sich bereits bekannt. Es sind bereits Röntgenröhrenanoden der »schweren« oder kompakten Bauart bekannt, bei denen an dem aus Kupfer bestehenden Anodenkörper mit Hilfe von haken- oder Röntgenröhren-Dr ehano deThe use of rhenium in anodes of X-ray tubes is already known per se. There are already X-ray tube anodes of the "heavy" or compact design are known, those made of copper existing anode body with the help of hook or X-ray tube dr ehano de
Anmelder:
Compagnie Generale de Radiologie, ParisApplicant:
Compagnie Generale de Radiologie, Paris
Vertreter: Dipl.-Ing. R. Beetz, Patentanwalt,
München 22, Steinsdorfstr. 10Representative: Dipl.-Ing. R. Beetz, patent attorney,
Munich 22, Steinsdorfstr. 10
Beanspruchte Priorität:
Frankreich vom 30. März 1956Claimed priority:
France March 30, 1956
Antoine Joseph Schräm, Montgeron (Frankreich),
ist als Erfinder genannt wordenAntoine Joseph Schräm, Montgeron (France),
has been named as the inventor
ankerförmigen Gliedern ein Brennfleckeinsatz aus Rhenium befestigt ist. Da das Kupfer eine hohe spezifische Wärme und eine sehr gute thermische Leitfähigkeit aufweist, teilt sich bei dieser bekannten Ausführung die Wärme der Brennfleckbahn sehr rasch dem gesamten Anodenkörper mit, der somit schnell eine hohe Temperatur annimmt.anchor-shaped links a focal point insert made of rhenium is attached. Because the copper has a high has specific heat and very good thermal conductivity, is shared in this known Execution of the heat of the focal point path very quickly with the entire anode body, which thus quickly assumes a high temperature.
Eine derartige Anode weist jedoch gegenüber den bekannten Wolframanoden keine wesentlichen Vorzüge auf, da einerseits die Schmelztemperatur von Kupfer und Rhenium niedriger als die Schmelztemperatur von Wolfram ist und da anderseits auch die thermische Leitfähigkeit von Rhenium kleiner als die von Wolfram ist. Die sich hieraus ergebende Erhöhung der Brennflecktemperatur führt somit rasch zu einer Begrenzung der maximalen Anodenbelastung.However, such an anode has no significant advantages over the known tungsten anodes because on the one hand the melting temperature of copper and rhenium is lower than the melting temperature of tungsten and, on the other hand, the thermal conductivity of rhenium is smaller than that made of tungsten. The resulting increase in the focal point temperature thus quickly leads to a limitation of the maximum anode load.
Die vorliegende Erfindung macht demgegenüber von den Emissionseigenschaften des Rheniums Gebrauch. Durchgeführte eingehende Untersuchungen zeigten nämlich, daß das Rhenium eine überraschend hohe Wärmeabstrahlung aufweist. Vergleichsversuche mit Wolfram ergaben für das thermische Emissionsvermögen ε folgende Werte bei den einzelnen Temperaturen :In contrast, the present invention makes use of the emission properties of rhenium. Carried out detailed investigations namely showed that the rhenium a surprisingly high Has heat radiation. Comparative tests with tungsten gave the following values for the thermal emissivity ε at the individual temperatures :
109 580/3«109 580/3 «
Claims (1)
Röntgenröhren-Drehanode besteht somit in der durch ioThe main advantage of the invention can.
X-ray tube rotating anode thus consists of the io
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1148708T | 1956-03-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1106429B true DE1106429B (en) | 1961-05-10 |
Family
ID=9623945
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEC14417A Pending DE1106429B (en) | 1956-03-30 | 1957-02-20 | X-ray tube rotating anode |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2863083A (en) |
CH (1) | CH353087A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1106429B (en) |
FR (1) | FR1148708A (en) |
GB (1) | GB852734A (en) |
NL (2) | NL215843A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1764042B1 (en) * | 1968-03-26 | 1971-05-27 | Koch & Sterzel Kg | ROTARY ROTARY ANODE WITH GRAPHITE ANODE BODY |
AT392760B (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-06-10 | Plansee Metallwerk | COMPOSITE BODY MADE OF GRAPHITE AND HIGH-MELTING METAL |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR93507E (en) * | 1956-03-30 | 1969-04-11 | Radiologie Cie Gle | Improvements to the anodes of discharge tubes and in particular to the anodes of X-ray tubes. |
NL122291C (en) * | 1959-10-12 | |||
DE1270192B (en) * | 1960-07-30 | 1968-06-12 | Siemens Ag | Rotating anode composite plate for X-ray tubes |
US3136907A (en) * | 1961-01-05 | 1964-06-09 | Plansee Metallwerk | Anticathodes for X-ray tubes |
FR1363155A (en) * | 1963-01-30 | 1964-06-12 | Tubix Sa | Rotating anode for x-ray tubes |
NL136230C (en) * | 1963-09-02 | |||
DE1458475B2 (en) * | 1964-02-26 | 1972-06-22 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin u 8000 München | USE OF A TUNGSTEN ALLOY FOR THE ROTATING OR STANDING ANODE OF A ROENTHINE PIPE |
JPS516517B1 (en) * | 1966-10-11 | 1976-02-28 | ||
AT278184B (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1970-01-26 | Plansee Metallwerk | Rotating anode for X-ray tubes |
AT284978B (en) * | 1968-12-02 | 1970-10-12 | Plansee Metallwerk | Anode for X-ray tubes |
CH494520A (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1970-07-31 | Siemens Ag | X-ray machine |
US3622824A (en) * | 1969-06-30 | 1971-11-23 | Picker Corp | Composite x-ray tube target |
AT300971B (en) * | 1970-03-25 | 1972-08-10 | Metallwerk Plansee Ag & Co Kom | Rotating anode composite plate for X-ray tubes |
US3631290A (en) * | 1970-08-17 | 1971-12-28 | Ibm | Thermionic cathode for electron beam apparatus |
US3696977A (en) * | 1971-04-21 | 1972-10-10 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Stretch elastomer valve |
DE2201979C3 (en) * | 1972-01-17 | 1979-05-03 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Process for the production of a blackened layer on rotating anodes of X-ray tubes |
DE2212058A1 (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1973-09-20 | Siemens Ag | ROTATING ANODE FOR ROSE TUBES |
US3887723A (en) * | 1972-03-22 | 1975-06-03 | Richard B Kaplan | Method of fabrication of composite anode for rotating-anode x-ray tubes |
DE2251656C3 (en) * | 1972-10-20 | 1979-04-19 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Process for the manufacture of an X-ray tube rotating anode |
NL158967B (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1978-12-15 | Philips Nv | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A LAYERED ROENTGEN TURNODE, AS WELL AS A LAYERED ROENTGEN TURNODE THEREFORE. |
DE2430226A1 (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1976-01-15 | Siemens Ag | ROTATING ANODE FOR ROSE TUBES |
DE2618235C3 (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1983-01-13 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | X-ray tube rotating anode |
US4227112A (en) * | 1978-11-20 | 1980-10-07 | The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. | Gradated target for X-ray tubes |
US4335327A (en) * | 1978-12-04 | 1982-06-15 | The Machlett Laboratories, Incorporated | X-Ray tube target having pyrolytic amorphous carbon coating |
DE2929136A1 (en) * | 1979-07-19 | 1981-02-05 | Philips Patentverwaltung | TURNING ANODE FOR X-RAY TUBES |
JP2955605B2 (en) * | 1991-05-17 | 1999-10-04 | 東京タングステン株式会社 | Rotating anode for X-ray tube and method for producing the same |
WO1995026565A1 (en) * | 1994-03-28 | 1995-10-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | X-ray tube and anode target thereof |
US7090893B1 (en) | 2003-03-24 | 2006-08-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Rhenium composite |
US7214306B1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2007-05-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Elevated potential deposition of rhenium on graphite substrates from a ReO2/H2O2 solution |
US20070207338A1 (en) * | 2006-03-01 | 2007-09-06 | Plasma Processes, Inc. | X-ray target and method for manufacturing same |
US20090086920A1 (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2009-04-02 | Lee David S K | X-ray Target Manufactured Using Electroforming Process |
WO2010070574A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2010-06-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Attachment of a high-z focal track layer to a carbon-carbon composite substrate serving as a rotary anode target |
AT14991U1 (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2016-10-15 | Plansee Se | X-ray anode |
CN117364052B (en) * | 2023-10-13 | 2024-03-12 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | High-emissivity rhenium coating and preparation method thereof |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR863681A (en) * | 1939-03-06 | 1941-04-07 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | X-ray generators |
US2243250A (en) * | 1940-11-22 | 1941-05-27 | Argus Mfg Corp | Electrical discharge device and anode therefor |
CH231981A (en) * | 1940-12-02 | 1944-04-30 | C H F Mueller Aktiengesellscha | X-ray tube with rotating anode. |
FR942318A (en) * | 1942-03-28 | 1949-02-04 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Chi-ray tube enhancements |
AT163155B (en) * | 1942-11-25 | 1949-05-25 | Philips Nv | Disc-shaped anode for X-ray tubes |
DE744208C (en) * | 1940-11-15 | 1952-06-09 | Telefunken Gmbh | Heavy-duty anode for electrical discharge tubes, especially those without artificial cooling |
DE844029C (en) * | 1941-03-15 | 1952-07-14 | Telefunken Gmbh | Not used as a glow cathode for an electrical discharge vessel |
DE896234C (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1953-11-09 | Peter Dr Kniepen | X-ray tube |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2482053A (en) * | 1945-11-13 | 1949-09-13 | Gen Electric X Ray Corp | Anode construction |
US2490246A (en) * | 1945-11-13 | 1949-12-06 | Gen Electric X Ray Corp | Anode construction |
US2762726A (en) * | 1952-03-14 | 1956-09-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of producing a metal film on a refractory base |
US2762725A (en) * | 1952-03-14 | 1956-09-11 | Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co | Method of producing a metal film on a refractory base having a metal oxide film thereon |
-
0
- NL NL104093D patent/NL104093C/xx active
- NL NL215843D patent/NL215843A/xx unknown
-
1956
- 1956-03-30 FR FR1148708D patent/FR1148708A/en not_active Expired
-
1957
- 1957-02-20 DE DEC14417A patent/DE1106429B/en active Pending
- 1957-03-25 US US648383A patent/US2863083A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1957-03-29 GB GB10383/57A patent/GB852734A/en not_active Expired
- 1957-07-17 CH CH353087D patent/CH353087A/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR863681A (en) * | 1939-03-06 | 1941-04-07 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | X-ray generators |
DE744208C (en) * | 1940-11-15 | 1952-06-09 | Telefunken Gmbh | Heavy-duty anode for electrical discharge tubes, especially those without artificial cooling |
US2243250A (en) * | 1940-11-22 | 1941-05-27 | Argus Mfg Corp | Electrical discharge device and anode therefor |
CH231981A (en) * | 1940-12-02 | 1944-04-30 | C H F Mueller Aktiengesellscha | X-ray tube with rotating anode. |
DE844029C (en) * | 1941-03-15 | 1952-07-14 | Telefunken Gmbh | Not used as a glow cathode for an electrical discharge vessel |
FR942318A (en) * | 1942-03-28 | 1949-02-04 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Chi-ray tube enhancements |
AT163155B (en) * | 1942-11-25 | 1949-05-25 | Philips Nv | Disc-shaped anode for X-ray tubes |
DE896234C (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1953-11-09 | Peter Dr Kniepen | X-ray tube |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1764042B1 (en) * | 1968-03-26 | 1971-05-27 | Koch & Sterzel Kg | ROTARY ROTARY ANODE WITH GRAPHITE ANODE BODY |
AT392760B (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1991-06-10 | Plansee Metallwerk | COMPOSITE BODY MADE OF GRAPHITE AND HIGH-MELTING METAL |
US5122422A (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1992-06-16 | Schwarzkopf Technologies Corporation | Composite body made of graphite and high-melting metal |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US2863083A (en) | 1958-12-02 |
NL215843A (en) | |
NL104093C (en) | |
CH353087A (en) | 1961-03-31 |
FR1148708A (en) | 1957-12-13 |
GB852734A (en) | 1960-11-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE1106429B (en) | X-ray tube rotating anode | |
EP0168868A1 (en) | Process for the deposition of a corrosion-inhibiting layer, comprising protective oxide-forming elements at the base of a gas turbine blade, and a corrosion-inhibiting layer | |
DE2014480A1 (en) | Highly heat-resistant protective cover | |
DE1764681A1 (en) | Rotating anode for X-ray tubes | |
EP0034391A1 (en) | Use of a lead alloy for the anodes in the electrolytic production of zinc | |
DE1952526A1 (en) | Anode for x-ray tubes | |
EP0065534B1 (en) | Cathode for a melted electrolyte cell for the preparation of aluminum | |
DE2743119A1 (en) | ROENTGE TUBE FOR FINE STRUCTURE INSPECTION | |
DE868026C (en) | Process for the production of an electrode for an electrical discharge vessel that does not serve as a glow cathode | |
DE744208C (en) | Heavy-duty anode for electrical discharge tubes, especially those without artificial cooling | |
DE739251C (en) | Carbon or graphite electrode for electrical discharge vessels with a coating of a high-melting metal which chemically binds to gas at higher temperatures on at least the surface facing the electron source | |
DE619415C (en) | Process for the production of fluorine-containing layers on light metals and their alloys | |
DE702626C (en) | Process for the production of an anode material for electrothermally modulated electron tubes, in particular used as radiators for light telephony | |
DE1546051A1 (en) | Process for applying coatings to high temperature alloys | |
DE757222C (en) | Selenium dry rectifier with heavy metal carrier electrode | |
DE2413447C2 (en) | Process for the manufacture of a superconductor | |
DE1521166C3 (en) | Process for producing a solid mixed crystal layer from carbides on hard metal bodies | |
DE763223C (en) | Process for the production of even base layers for cathodes of photocells | |
DE971697C (en) | Process for the manufacture of selenium rectifiers | |
DE1259104B (en) | Process for the separation of dense, structurally coherent precipitates | |
DE974136C (en) | Method of manufacturing an evaporator | |
DE708421C (en) | Process for metallizing electrically stressed insulating materials | |
DE536749C (en) | Electric lamps, in particular electric incandescent lamps | |
AT265684B (en) | Process for producing dense, structurally coherent deposits from pure or alloyed zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten | |
DE822746C (en) | Process for the production of metallic plain bearings |