DE10359084A1 - screen - Google Patents

Abstract

The screen 1 consists of a plate-like or film-like base material whose surface is formed from juxtaposed arranged hollow or Völbspiegeln same size with the same mirror curvatures. The micromirrors of the micromirror surface structure 2 produced thereby preferably have an elliptical outline 4 or an elongated hexagonal outline 5. The micromirrors are arranged on the image wall surface in a predetermined grid 3 with honeycomb-shaped structure such that their long mirror half-axis is oriented in the vertical direction , Due to the different curvatures of the micromirrors in the horizontal and vertical directions, the projected light 6 is reflected in the form of an elliptical 7 or approximately elliptical light cone 8. The micromirrors are spatially oriented so that their optical axes intersect at a defined point of intersection 18 on the screen normal 26, resulting in a spatial overlay zone 17 of all the light cones reflected by the micromirrors in which the reflected image can be seen. In loss areas 19 outside this overlay zone 17, little or no light is reflected. This creates a bright screen with very good contrast, since the screen due to the small vertical reflection angle relatively insensitive to stray light z. B. ceiling light is. With this screen can be very small vertical, but large horizontal ...

Description

at the incident light picture walls, which are known so far, either white areas are used, which over the Evenly reflect solid angles or the screen surface is given a reflection preferential direction e.g. by the addition of Glass beads in the surface coating material. There are also incident light screens known with a reflection preferred direction, the metallic reflective screen surfaces possess, which have a parabolically curved surface.

at All previously known reflected-light projection image walls are the common feature a relatively low suitability for the projection in bright rooms or under daylight or Störlichteinfluß, because the projected image in comparison to the ambient brightness insufficiently bright when the viewer arrives, or because reflected from the screen stray light (e.g., overhead light) overshoots the projected image. In addition, will stray light usually similar strong from the surface the known picture walls diffused in the direction of the viewer, as the projected Image, what the contrast of the projected image in bright room lighting or with strong external brightness significantly reduced.

The projected image then appears contrastless and colorless. Both parabolic or elliptically curved Umbrellas or the directionally reflective glass bead walls the suitability for Hellraumprojektionen Although better, but have these screen types turn the disadvantage of a small lateral visibility, because the projected Image only in a small horizontal solid angle or reflection angle reradiated becomes.

Of the The invention was therefore based on the object of providing a novel reflected-light projection screen to develop, especially in bright rooms (such as conference rooms) Ceiling light and under the influence of daylight can be used without strong contrast or brightness losses of the projection image having to accept.

also was the goal is to develop a front-light screen that has the projected Picture in a big one horizontal but reflected in a small vertical solid angle is going to be a high light gain to achieve. It was another goal of the horizontal and the vertical solid angle into which the projected image reflects will be able to define exactly Another goal was to develop a reflected light projection screen, where the entire three-dimensional space in which the image reflects will, extremely accurate can be defined.

An incident-light projection screen according to the invention is shown in FIG 1 : illustrated by an example. The screen 1 consists in the illustrated embodiment of the invention No. 1 from a spherically, ellipsoidally or paraboloidally curved surface whose reflective surface of the micromirror surface structure according to the invention 2 consists.

2 The micromirror surface structure according to the invention 2 consists of hollow or bulging mirrors small dimension (micromirror), which are arranged side by side in a predetermined grid on the screen surface.

The grid preferred according to the invention is a grid with a honeycomb-shaped structure 3 , The micromirror surface texture 2 may be composed of individual micromirrors or consist of a continuous medium, in which the micromirrors are formed in a form adjacent to each other. The erfindungsgenäß preferred mirror surface of the micromirror is a shiny metallic mirror surface. However, it is also possible to use micromirrors with a slightly matt, metallically glossy mirror surface in order to slightly reduce the strong mirror effect of the micromirrors.

The size of the micromirrors is just so small to choose that the pixel-dependent image sharpness of the most common projectors can be fully utilized, or so that the audience does not feel disturbed by a "halftone dot effect". Since this allows very different maximum micromirror sizes depending on the application (eg home theater or stadium screen), the maximum possible dimensions of the micromirrors in practice may be approximately in the range between 0.5 and 30 mm. The micromirrors used in the micromirror structure according to the invention have a defined elliptical outline 4 , a defined oval outline 65 , a defined elongated hexagonal outline shape 5 , or an outline corresponding to a defined traverse that approximates an ellipse or oval 66 (eg a defined stretched hexagon, quadrilateral, octagon, decagon, dodecagon, etc.) The higher the number of vertices of the polygon, the better the approximation. The inventively preferred outline shapes are the defined elliptical outline 4 , the defined oval outline shape 65 or the defined hexagonal outline shape 5 , The three-dimensional shape of the mirror surface of the microspie Depending on the selected outline shape, it corresponds exactly or approximately exactly to the inner or outer surface (depending on the use of hollow or arched mirrors) of a cut-out dome made of a defined hollow (or thin-walled) ellipsoid, ovaloid, ellipsoid of revolution or rotation ovoid 71 ,

2 The micromirrors are according to the invention in relation to a vertically mounted screen (screen in user position) with their long half-axis exactly in the direction of the screen wall height or in the vertical (Y) direction and with their short half-axis exactly in the direction of the screen wall width or horizontal ( X) direction oriented on the screen surface when in the user position. 2 The micromirror used according to the invention, with its long semiaxis in the vertical direction (or in the direction of the screen wall height), has the property that the incoming projector radiation 6 in the form of an elliptical or oval cone of light 7 or in the form of an approximately elliptical or approximately oval cone of light 8th (In the case of the polygonal outline, which approximates an ellipse or an oval) reflect to the viewer. In this case, the long semiaxis of the reflected elliptical or ellipse-like light cone is oriented in the horizontal direction and the short semiaxis is oriented in the vertical direction.

3 The micromirrors used in the surface structure described according to the invention with the long mirror half-axis oriented in the vertical (Y) direction 9 and the horizontally oriented short mirror half-axis 10 have a slight vertical curvature 11 (or a large vertical radius of curvature) and a strong horizontal curvature 12 (or a small horizontal radius of curvature). This will cause the vertical reflection angle 13 (α _Y ) of the micromirror substantially smaller than the horizontal reflection angle 14 (α _X ), which significantly enhances light but allows a large horizontal reflection angle of the screen. The said curvature of the micromirrors can be either a (concave) curvature inwards (concave mirror) or a (convex) curvature outwards (curvature mirror).

The ratio of the vertical reflection angle 13 to the horizontal reflection angle 14 The micromirror depends directly on the ratio of the short mirror half-axis 10 to the long mirror half-axis 9 the micromirror off.

2 : The shape of the reflected elliptical or oval light cone 7 or the shape of the approximately elliptical or approximately oval light cone 8th (In the case of the polygonal outline of the micromirrors) is thus exactly by the ratio of the long mirror half-axis 9 the micromirror to its short half-mirror 10 , as well as by the strength of the micro-mirror curvature and the exact outline of the micromirrors definable.

Thereby is with the screen according to the invention, with the described Mirospiegel surface structure, a well-defined Reflection of the projected image feasible. In addition, can the spatial The area in which the image is reflected is set very precisely become.

• – Je stärker die Krümmung der Mikrospiegel (Hohl- oder Wölbspiegel) ist, desto größer ist der vertikale und der horizontale Reflexionswinkel, mit dem die einfallende Projektorstrahlung reflektiert wird.
• – Je größer das Verhältnis der langen zur kurzen Spiegelhalbachse der Mikrospiegel ist, desto größer ist das Verhältnis zwischen dem horizontalen und dem vertikalen Reflexionswinkel, der von den Mikrospiegeln reflektierten Lichtstrahlung.

In this case applies

• The greater the curvature of the micromirrors (hollow or convex mirror), the greater the vertical and horizontal reflection angle with which the incident projector radiation is reflected.
• The larger the ratio of the long to the short mirror half-axis of the micromirrors, the greater the ratio between the horizontal and the vertical reflection angle, the light radiation reflected by the micromirrors.

8th / 9 : This makes it possible to realize picture walls where the vertical reflection angle of the screen 16 is much smaller than the horizontal reflection angle of the screen 15 , which results in a high light amplification effect without the restriction of too small a horizontal radiation angle. (see examples of execution 8th and 9 In order to obtain the desired optimum reflection behavior of the screen according to the invention, the micromirrors of the honeycomb micromirror surface structure preferred according to the invention must correspond to the planned size of the projection zone 17 (Auditorium) have a well-defined spatial orientation on the screen wall surface. The aim is to orient all micromirrors as possible so that their mirror normal (optical axes) are all in a previously defined intersection 18 or on a cut line with a defined length, at a certain distance in front of the screen on the screen normal 26 or to intersect the image normal at a particular position within a predetermined narrow range around the screen normal. The reflection behavior of the image wall and the achievement of the most optimal shape of the projection zone depend on the defined position of this point of intersection or of the intersection line or the intersection region 17 with the highest possible light gain significantly. In addition, this ensures that the loss range 19 , in which not all overlap reflected by the micromirrors light cone is minimized, whereby the projector performance can be used optimally. Because only in the spatial overlay zone (= projection zone 17 ), in which are reflected from all micromirrors reflected elliptical or ellipse-like light cone, the entire projected image can be seen. Assuming that the projector is on the normal screen 26 is positioned, then located in a narrow parallel to the screen narrow vertical area 20 , which is close to the defined point of intersection 18 through the projection zone, the most optimal area of the projection zone, because here almost all of the light cones reflected by all micromirrors overlap. In the most optimal case, this area is very narrow and it is related to the vertical and horizontal reflection behavior of the screen (see horizontal and vertical section through the projection zone - eg 8th ) approximately in the same plane, which can be further optimized for example by a precise definition of the curvature of the screen (in the embodiment 1) or by an accurate definition of the intersection lines of the optical axes of all micromirrors. (eg by a defined ellipsoidal curvature of the screen)

According to the invention were 3 versions developed around a defined spatial Orientation of the micromirrors in the way that theirs optical axes on the normal screen in a common intersection or cut on a cut line of given length, or that their optical axes in a given narrow spatial Cut area around the screen normal.

Description of the 3 versions

inventive embodiment 1

8th Spatial orientation of the micromirrors through a defined spherically, ellipsoidally or paraboloidally curved image wall 21 , The following applies: The optical axis of each micromirror is in each case perpendicular to the curved surface of the screen.

As a result, for example, in the case of a spherical curvature of the image wall, the optical axes of all micromirrors intersect at the center of the sphere 22 the spherically curved screen surface. In the case of a defined ellipsoidal curvature of the image wall, the optical axes of all micromirrors intersect on a cutting line of defined length, which lies on the normal of the screen (or on the surface normal of the middle of the screen).

The Length of this Cutting line hangs thereby of the ellipsoidal curvature from.

With an ellipsoidally curved screen, the reflection behavior of the screen can be optimized, making it the most optimal area of the projection zone 20 be made more accurate than with the spherical curvature.

8th In the exemplary embodiment shown, a spherically curved screen 21 To simplify the illustration, the projector position was congruent with the center of the sphere 22 assumed the spherically curved screen.

When positioning the projector outside the center of the sphere 22 on the normal screen 26 The vertical and horizontal reflection angles of the screen change, which must be taken into account in the design of the screen by a suitable choice of the reflection angles of the micromirrors. A positioning of the projector outside the normal screen 26 (For example, in a ceiling mount the projector) can be corrected to some extent by a slight tilt of the screen around its horizontal center axis well.

Inventive embodiment 2

6 / 9 : Layout of a flat screen 23 in a certain number of sectors 24 , each with a different spatial orientation 25 the micromirror, based on the screen normal 26 ,

Each sector possesses a defined micromirror surface structure that is specifically dependent on its position on the screen 2 , The micromirrors have a uniform spatial orientation in each sector 27 their optical axes.

9 The spatial orientation of the micromirrors in the individual sectors is selected such that the optical axes, the micromirrors in each case in the sector center, in a previously defined intersection 18 or cut on a cut line of defined length, with the cut point or cut line at a certain distance in front of the flat screen 23 on the surface normal 26 lies.

The optical axes of the micromirrors, which are not in the sector center, thereby cut a predetermined narrow spatial area around the above-mentioned intersection 18 or around the cutting line.

6 The spatial orientation of the micromirrors, or rather the angular orientation of the optical axes of the micromirrors, is in the corner sectors in this screen version 28 the picture wall most pronounced.

Both the vertical and horizontal tilt, the optical axes of the micromirrors towards the normal of the screen, is in the corner sectors 28 at the biggest.

7 shows a three-dimensional representation of a small partial section of such a corner sector. The micromirrors (concave mirrors) have a hexagonal outline stretched in the direction of the screen wall height.

6 In the sectors lying on the horizontal (X) center axis and on the vertical (Y) center axis of the screen, respectively, the micromirrors are inclined only in the horizontal or vertical direction in accordance with their position relative to the screen normal. Only in the sector in the screen center 29 the optical axes of the micromirrors are perpendicular to the screen surface, so there have no angle alignment with the screen normal.

5 : The layout of the flat screen 23 in sectors can be done in different ways. Preference is given here a division into square or rectangular sectors 30 or an outgoing from the center of the screen concentric division into circular, elliptical or oval-shaped ring segments 31 or a concentric division into polygonal ring segments 32 different size, wherein each lying in the middle of the screen center according to the ring shape has a circular shape, an ellipse shape, an oval shape or a polygonal shape. See examples in 5

The following applies here: the finer the division of the image wall surface into defined sectors with different spatial orientation or angular orientation of the optical axes of the micromirror structure, the more optimally the reflection behavior of the image wall can be designed, or the smaller the loss region 19 the unusable reflected projector light radiation (see 9 ).

9 In the illustrated embodiment, a plane screen 23 to see the grid-like grid in 25 equal square sectors 30 was divided. In this example, to simplify the illustration, the projector position was congruent with the intersection point defined for the example 18 accepted. Here is the intersection 18 the intersection of the optical axes of the micromirrors located in the sector centers.

The projection zone 17 in which the light cones reflected by all micromirrors are superimposed and in which the complete projected image can be seen, is shown hatched in the sections shown. For the micromirror structure, the concave mirror is preferred in this embodiment according to the invention since, in the case of concave mirrors, the reflected radiation first converges to form a focal point before it dissipates. 7 Concave mirrors are therefore advantageous in this embodiment, since in the step-shaped offset 33 the micromirror, which results in micromirrors introduced obliquely into the image wall surface, thereby preventing a partial shading of the reflected light radiation by the step-shaped offset.

Inventive embodiment 3

4 The third possibility is the exact spatial orientation of each individual micromirror on a flat screen 23 according to its position on the screen surface. Again, the goal is that the optical axes of all micromirrors, the micromirror surface structure 2 , in a previously defined intersection 18 or cut on a cutting line of defined length. This defined intersection 18 or the cutting line, lies at a certain distance in front of the screen on the surface normal 26 , The resulting projection zone 17 corresponds almost identical to the projection zone 17 a screen according to the inventive embodiment 1. (See embodiment example 8th ), in which each individual micromirror has a different spatial orientation, corresponding to its position on the, in this case, curved surface.

10 : Here is shown as a comparison, the poor reflection behavior of a screen in which the optical axes of the micromirrors are not oriented to a common point of intersection or to a common intersection line.

The optical axes of the micromirrors are parallel to one another in this example. It can be clearly seen that the spatial overlapping zone (= projection zone 17 ), in which the reflected light beams emanating from all micromirrors overlap, is substantially smaller than in the described inventive embodiments 1-3 (FIG. 8th / 9 )

From the embodiments of the invention 1-3 for defined alignment of the micromirrors, the embodiment becomes 1 and the execution 2 preferred. Execution 1 is the preferred according to the invention Method for disc-shaped domed Screens, while execution 2 the preferred according to the invention Method for foil- or canvas-shaped (scrollable) screens is.

With the embodiment 2, although the optical axes of the micromirrors can be made to coincide only approximately in a defined spatial region whose center lies on the normal of the screen, the reflection behavior or the projection zone 17 the screen can not be designed as optimally as when using the Version 1, but the version 2 is applicable for the very economical production of flat foil or canvas (rollable) projection screens. For example, by means of a special embossing tool, or an embossing roller, the complex sectorally divided micromirror surface structure according to the embodiment 2 can be inexpensively embossed in a corresponding film or canvas. Then only the application of a mirror coating (eg by metallizing) and possibly an additional protective layer is necessary.

Arched picture walls after the execution 1 can e.g. with a two-part press or

embossing tool getting produced. It would be it possible the screen in the same operation, the desired curvature and the desired micromirror surface structure to give.

Against stray light, the screen according to the invention (versions 1-3) is largely insensitive when, above all, the vertical reflection angle of the screen was defined correspondingly small. If one chooses the smallest possible vertical reflection angle for the micromirrors of the screen, then many stray reflections can be almost completely prevented from the outset. This should be the picture 11 , on which a corresponding screen according to the invention with a small vertical reflection angle is shown in section, illustrate.

The illustrated screen has the same reflection properties as those in the embodiment example 8th Pictured screen.

In the illustrated vertical section through the center of the projection zone 17 the screen, (according to the embodiment example in 8th ) is also an interfering light source 34 and their interference reflections at two lying on the screen edges micro-mirrors 35 and 36 shown. The position of the Störlichtquelle was chosen so that of the lying on the screen edges micromirrors 35 (above) and 36 (below) just no stray light in the defined projection zone 17 (= Auditorium) is reflected.

From the constructed fault reflections (light cone) 37 and 38 from the micromirrors at the edges of the screen 35 (above) and 36 (bottom), it can be seen that stray light sources within the critical angular range 40 lie, causing spurious reflections, which partially in the projection zone 17 however, stray light sources that are within the uncritical angular range 39 lie, only cause reflections of reflections at the projection zone 17 be vorbeireflektiert, and thus not reach the audience in the projection zone.

To the largest possible non-critical angle range 39 To achieve without causing spurious reflections in the projection zone, therefore, must be as small as possible a vertical reflection angle 13 the micromirror can be achieved (given projector position and screen position)

It also applies that the contrast of the screen according to the invention becomes better, the smaller the vertical reflection angle of the micromirrors is chosen, because the Störlichteinflüsse with decreasing vertical reflection angle of micromirrors always become smaller.

12 : (Sectional view): It is also interesting to realize a stepless change in the mirror curvature of the micromirrors used. As a result, the horizontal and the vertical reflection angle of the micromirrors used and thus also the horizontal and the vertical reflection angle of the screen can be changed continuously (simultaneously).

The required change in the micromirror curvature can be achieved by a device for generating an electrostatic or electromagnetic field 67 done, which is in operative connection with the micromirrors.

in this connection the micromirrors are designed such that by changing the electrostatic or electromagnetic field the curvature of the Micro mirror changed becomes.

12 : The change in micromirror curvature may also be due to a given pressure change of a fluid 45 which is enclosed in a chamber and in contact with the micromirrors. The pressure change is by means of a device for generating a predetermined pressure 68 achieved, which via a conduit system and the fluid 45 is in operative connection with said chamber. The micromirrors are designed in such a way that a pressure change in the fluid causes a change in the micro-mirror curvature.

Here, such a screen (device) will now be described, in which the change of the micromirror curvature by means of a pressure change of air in a gas-tight frame construction 42 happens. This forms an elastic metallic reflective (metallized) film 43 the screen wall surface. The film is gas-tight on a grid with defined grid openings, which the front of the Rahmenkons construction. The film is gas-tight connected to the frame construction. The outline shape of the grid openings of the described grid corresponds to the desired outline of the micromirrors.

In this case, a honeycomb-shaped grid is preferred 44 , wherein the preferred outline shape of a honeycomb has a predetermined hexagon stretched in the direction of the screen wall height 70 is. This honeycomb grid 44 which is the front of the frame construction 42 is formed by means of a substructure 69 (not shown) supported.

The substructure 69 can be flat or have a given curvature. When using a curved substructure, a curved screen according to the embodiment 1 (FIG. 8th ) be generated.

By a generated negative pressure 45 inside the gas-tight frame construction 42 , becomes the metallically reflective foil 43 in the honeycomb grid 44 pulled and forms a micromirror surface structure 2 in which all micromirrors have approximately the same curvature, the same outline shape and the same dimensions.

The entire screen surface assumes the given shape of the substructure. (eg a defined curvature). By changing the negative pressure 45 in the interior of the frame construction by means of a device for generating a predetermined pressure 46 (Negative pressure) can then be the horizontal 15 and the vertical reflection angle 16 the picture wall, by the change of the vertical caused thereby 13 and the horizontal reflection angle 14 the micromirror, can be adjusted continuously at the same time.

Thereby can the light amplification, as well as the contrast and susceptibility to interference The picture wall can be adjusted continuously.

Of the possible Adjustment range of the vertical and horizontal reflection angle This screen is essentially of the elastic material properties depending on the film used.

The described screen can also additionally have an adjustable screen wall curvature, which can be done for example by a deformable elastic plate, as a substructure 69 is used for the grid described, which is used to generate the micromirror Oberflächenstnktur. The deformation of the elastic plate can be done by various force effects (eg by an electrostatic, electromagnetic or mechanical force effect).

By means of an adjustable image wall curvature, the distance of the focal point or focal region, on which the optical axes of the micromirrors are aligned, can be displaced along the normal of the image wall, resulting in a spatially adjustable projection zone 17 allows. Together with the adjustability of the reflection angles of the micromirrors, the reflection behavior of this image wall (in particular the light amplification) can be adjusted in a controlled manner over a wide range.

To the Protection of the adjustable micromirror surface structure from destruction, can at a small distance directly in front of the micromirror surface structure additionally still be a transparent plate or cover attached.

13 In this illustration, a method is described with which a screen according to the embodiment 1 (see FIG 8th ) can be produced.

In this method the same device is used as in 12 described. Here, the in 12 described device as a kind of vacuum drawing tool with the micro mirror surface for a screen after 8th can be produced. The complete manufacturing process of a screen according to the embodiment 1 ( 8th ) will be briefly described here on the basis of some steps. (Steps AG):

Work step A:

An elastic metallic reflective (metallised) foil 43 gets onto the honeycomb grid 44 applied and to the edges of the gas-tight frame construction 42 slightly tense. At the edges of the gas-tight frame construction, the film is then attached gas-tight, for example by means of a sealing adhesive 47 and held in position under slight tension.

Work step B:

After the metallically reflective foil 43 on the frame construction 42 is properly positioned and fixed with light tension, is by means of a device for generating a predetermined pressure 46 inside the frame construction a negative pressure 45 generated. This will cause the metallic reflective foil 43 in the grid openings of the honeycomb-shaped grid 44 pulled while forming a micromirror surface structure, as in 12 described.

Work step C:

After in the gas-tight frame construction 42 by setting a specific one Low pressure, the correct curvature of the micromirrors is reached, while maintaining this negative pressure, the fixation of the film with the curvatures or micromirrors formed in the individual grid openings begins. In this case, the outwardly directed (to the ambient pressure) side of the, deformed by the negative pressure film 48 with a curing material z. B. with a fast curing resin 49 sprayed. This can be done, for example, by means of an automatic spraying system 51 happen. Subsequently, a drying process by means of hot air can be done for faster curing of the resin.
(not shown)

Representation D:

This illustration shows the vacuum-deformed film with the micromirror surface structure fixed 50 ,

Work step E / F:

In these steps, the film, with the fixed micromirror surface texture 50 on a carrier plate 55 applied. This is done in a mold with pressing surfaces, which consists of a mold top 52 and a mold base 53 consists. For the production of a screen according to the embodiment 1 ( 8th ) is preferably a mold with defined curved pressing surfaces and a carrier plate 55 used with predetermined curvature. It is first on the concave side of the support plate 55 an adhesive substance 54 applied in a uniformly thick layer.

Thereafter, the film with the fixed micromirror surface structure 50 , by the collapse of the mold shell 52 and mold tool parts 53 connected. In illustration F is a cross section through the closed mold 57 to see. The bonding by gluing takes place with a slight pressing pressure.

The curing process of the adhesive layer can be accelerated by a heated mold. The pressing surface of the pressing tool upper part 52 should also be slightly elastic (eg, rubberized) to prevent damage to the micromirror structure during pressing.

Work step G:

After the adhesive substance (adhesive layer) 54 is cured, the finished screen can be removed from the mold. The picture shows the finished screen 56 ,

Instead of a metallized film can, for the described manufacturing process also a non-metallized film (e.g., transparent plastic film) be used. In this case, then would the mirroring or metallization of the micromirror surface structure after operation C or G take place. Similar The manufacturing process described is also a manufacturing process conceivable, which works with overpressure instead of negative pressure.

This in 13 described method can also be used for the production of so-called "prototypes" and thereby serve as a basis for a further manufacturing process. (3 steps AC) This procedure is not shown in the drawing.

Work step A:

With the in 13 described method (steps AG) as described first, a so-called "prototype" screen made.

Step B:

The "prototype" screen thus produced then serves as a mold, from the stamping plates 58 (not shown) are molded.

Work step C:

The produced stamping plates 58 are then used in stamping dies for mass production of picture walls. In addition to stamping dies, tools with embossing rollers can be used 59 be used. For this purpose, the produced stamping plates 58 converted into embossing rolls, for example, by attaching to the peripheral surface of suitable rollers.

With the embossing tools thus produced can then the micromirror surface structure of the embossing plates or rollers 60 be embossed in a rapid manufacturing process, for example in thermoplastic plates or thermoplastic films.

These embossed panels or foils, which then have the same micromirror surface structure as the "prototype" screen then need only then, for example by means of a metallization process 61 coated with a reflective surface, whereby the micromirror surface structure then their metallic reflective surface 62 receives.

The metallized picture panels or sheets produced in this way 63 Depending on the application, additional coatings can be applied (eg protective coatings or coatings with optical properties) 64 receive.

The advantages achieved with the incident-light screen according to the invention are, in particular,
that the mirror-like surface, the micromirror structure reflects the incident projector radiation almost without loss,
that the exact definability of the reflection behavior of the micromirror structure according to the invention in principle the vertical and the horizontal reflection angle of the screen can be defined exactly, whereby almost any conceivable light amplification of the projected image, at the expense of the reflection angle, is possible.
in the interaction of the given reflection behavior of the micromirrors and the defined spatial orientation of the optical axes of the micromirrors, an exact definition of the three - dimensional projection space into which the projected image is reflected is possible 12 described screen-wall variant, the entire reflection behavior of this screen is even at any time flexibly adjustable in a wide range.
that for each specific application, the spatial reflection behavior of the screen can be optimally designed to achieve the maximum possible light amplification,
that with a flat screen wall according to the embodiment 2 or 3 of the invention a foil or screen-shaped screen with high light intensity can be realized, as it was previously not possible with flat or rollable screens.
that with the screen according to the invention, the vertical reflection angle of the screen can be made very small, which is advantageous because a significant gain of light can be achieved without the horizontal reflection angle of the screen must be limited, which is of greater importance to the audience, as the eyesheets of all viewers are on an approximately equal horizontal plane. And because stray light, in particular the reflection of ceiling lights in the direction of the audience, can be prevented by a small vertical reflection angle for the most part, which leads to a strong contrast increase of the screen.
that the construction of the screen is relatively simple, since the reflection of the projected image is only through a mirrored structured surface,
that thereby a very economical production of the screen, for example by means of a stamping tool (embossing plate or embossing roller tool) is possible in very large numbers,

The scope the incident light screen according to the invention with defined micromirror surface texture is very versatile:

At the best is the screen according to the invention for the image projection in bright rooms or Under daylight or Störlichteinfluß. In the election one possible small vertical reflection angle of the micromirrors used are very high light amplifications, a very good contrast and a very low Störlichtanfälligkeit achievable what the Screen according to the invention (in all designs) therefore for makes this application particularly suitable.

One Another interesting application of the screen according to the invention is the home cinema area. For this Area seems the inventive embodiment 2 (Plane screen with sectorally divided micromirror surface structure) are particularly suitable to be.

With this embodiment are plane rollable foil or canvas-like screens with very high light amplification possible, in big ones numbers by embossing technique and subsequent Metallizing cheap can be produced.

One interesting application field would be synonymous the use of the screen according to the invention, in a very small version with very fine micro-mirror surface structure and very small Micromirror dimensions, e.g. For Projection purposes or generally for a defined Fixed or adjustable deflection of light radiation in the most diverse optical devices or Multimedia devices.

When Another interesting application the screen according to the invention would still be the Use for Lighting purposes or generally for the deflection of light radiation to call. Here, the screen according to the invention, instead of with a Projection device, be irradiated with a variety of light sources, so that the Image wall, the incoming light radiation in each case almost lossless in a defined directional beam with a defined converts vertical and horizontal reflection angles.

This defined beam with a defined angle of reflection can then be used eg for lighting purposes. Depending on the application, the screen according to the invention can also have very large dimensions (length × width), with a substantially enlarged micromirror structure (micromirror structure then becomes the reflection mirror structure). If a screen version is used as in 12 described in which the reflection angle of the micromirrors and in addition the image wall curvature is continuously adjustable at any time, then the screen can even be used for a very accurate and targeted lighting or deflection of light radiation. For example, the incident light screen according to the invention in this way for low-cost large-scale lighting of dark building areas or be used to illuminate far inlying building areas by means of sunlight.

Equipping you the screen additionally with an automatic pivoting device around one or more Axes off, so the screen can be very accurate to a specific Light source (e.g., sun). Here, the orientation of the Screen to the light source automatically e.g. by means of an electronic control system and photosensitive sensors. This allows the screen be automatically tracked a light source that moves (for example, the sun). In this way, the screen may e.g. also to Defines directional deflection of solar radiation in solar systems be used, e.g. in a solar tower system or generally in a concentration-mirror solar system (e.g., a concentration-level solar system in orbit). In these applications, the screen described can then quite huge proportions accept, with micromirrors (or better, reflection mirrors!), have the dimensions of several meters!

Furthermore can the screen according to the invention with defined micromirror surface structure also as advertising picture wall or signboard, e.g. in the street or rail transport serve. When looking at the micromirror surface texture, the Picture wall, a metallic reflecting colored picture in a thin layer applies (e.g., metallized), this colored image is very bright to see if you are at a certain distance with a bright white Lamp shines on the screen, and even in the back-reflected Projection zone of the screen is.

at corresponding spatial Orientation of the advertising wall or signboard described, can thereby, e.g. when used in road or rail transport, in terms of the incoming vehicles (with the lights on), one for the vehicle occupants almost self-luminous image or Indicator or text generated because the screen by the the headlamp light lit up image focused on the vehicle reflected back.

1

screen

2

Micromirror surface structure

3

grid (with honeycomb-shaped Structure)

4

micromirror with elliptical outline

5

micromirror with elongated hexagonal outline form

6

projector radiation

7

elliptic or oval cone of light

8th

almost elliptical or approximate oval cone of light

9

Long Mirror semiaxis

10

short Mirror semiaxis

11

(weakness) vertical curvature

12

(Strength) horizontal curvature

13

vertical Reflection angle of the micromirror

14

horizontal Reflection angle of the micromirror

15

horizontal Reflection angle of the screen

16

vertical Reflection angle of the screen

17

projection zone (spatial overlapping zone all of the micromirrors

reflected Light cone)

18

intersection the optical axes of the micromirrors

19

loss area (unusable proportion of the reflected light)

20

optimalster Area of the projection zone

21

curved screen

22

Ball center the spherical one curved screen

23

plans screen

24

sectors

25

different spatial Orientation of the micromirrors

26

Normal screen (Surface normal the screen center)

27

standardized spatial Orientation of the micromirrors

28

Ecksektoren the picture wall

29

sector in the screen center

30

square or rectangular sectors

31

sectors with circular, elliptical, or oval-shaped ring segment shape

32

sectors with polygonal Ring section

33

staircase offset the micromirror

34

interference light source

35

micromirror at the top of the screen

36

micromirror at the bottom of the screen

37

Störlichtkegel caused by the micromirror at the top edge of the screen

38

Störlichtkegel caused by the micromirror at the bottom edge of the screen

39

uncritically angle range

40

critical angle range

41

from the position of the micromirror on the screen of dependent orientation

angle the optical axis of the micromirror

42

gas-tight frame construction

43

elastic metallically reflecting (metallised) foil

44

(Honeycomb) grid

45

vacuum + Fluid (eg air)

46

contraption for generating a predetermined pressure

47

sealing glue

48

by Vacuum deformed film

49

fast curing resin

50

by Vacuum-formed film with a fixed micromirror surface structure

51

automatic spraying

52

Mold shell

53

Mold base

54

adhesive Substance (or adhesive layer)

55

support plate

56

finished screen

57

mold with pressing surfaces (closed)

58

dies (or stamping die tools)

59

embossing rollers (or embossing roll tools)

60

Micromirror surface structure the stamping plates or rollers

61

metallization

62

metallic reflective surface

63

metallized Image wall plates or foils

64

additional Coatings (e.g., protective coatings or coatings

With optical properties)

65

micromirror with an oval outline

66

micromirror with an outline corresponding to a traverse that has a

ellipse or approaching an oval

67

contraption for generating an electrostatic or electromagnetic field

68

contraption for generating a predetermined pressure

69

substructure

70

in Direction of the screen wall height stretched hexagon

71

Inside- or outer surface (depending after using hollow or arched mirrors)

one Cut-out dome from a defined hollow (or thin-walled)

ellipsoids, Ovaloids, ellipsoids of revolution or rotational voidoids

Claims (35)

Screen with a screen wall surface, for realization a bright reflection of a projected onto the screen image, with arranged on the screen surface next to each other Micromirrors for producing a reflected image, in which the micromirrors are designed as hollow or bulging mirrors and all micromirrors of the screen surface or all micromirrors at least a portion of the screen wall surface substantially the same Contour outline. Screen according to claim 1, characterized that all micromirrors of the screen surface or all micromirrors at least a portion of the screen wall surface substantially the same predetermined curvature have. Screen according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized characterized in that the micromirrors on the screen surface in such a way are arranged side by side, that the remaining area between the individual micromirrors is minimal. Image wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micromirrors have an elongated outline shape substantially corresponding to a predetermined ellipse ( 4 ) or a predetermined oval ( 65 ) or a predetermined traverse that approximates an ellipse or an oval ( 66 ), corresponds. Screen according to Claim 4, characterized in that the micromirrors are arranged on the screen surface in such a way that their long mirror semiaxis (FIG. 9 ) in each case in the direction of the screen height or in the vertical direction when the screen is in the position of use and its short mirror half-axis ( 10 ) are respectively oriented in the direction of the screen wall width or in the horizontal direction when the screen is in the position of use. Screen according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micromirrors are arranged on the screen in such a way are that the optical axes of the micromirrors a predetermined spatial Own orientation. Screen according to claim 6, characterized in that the micromirrors are arranged on the screen in such a way that the optical axes of all micromirrors cover the screen normal ( 26 ) substantially in a predetermined intersection ( 18 ) or substantially intersecting on a given cutting line of predetermined length, or that the optical axes of all micromirrors occupy a predetermined narrow spatial area around the image normal ( 26 ) to cut. Image wall according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the image wall surface has a curvature ( 21 ) and the micromirrors are arranged on the screen surface such that the optical axes of the micromirrors are each perpendicular to the screen wall surface. Screen according to Claim 8, characterized that the picture wall is a spherical one curvature has. Screen according to Claim 8, characterized that the screen has a paraboloidal curvature. Screen according to Claim 8, characterized that the screen has an ellipsoidal curvature. Screen after one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that the image wall surface is divided into at least two sectors, the micromirrors being arranged on the image wall surface in such a way that the optical axes of the micromirrors of a sector ( 24 ) each have a uniform spatial orientation ( 27 ). A screen according to claim 12, characterized in that the micromirrors are arranged on the screen surface in such a way that the optical axes of the micromirrors, which are located in the center of a sector, are approximately at an intersection ( 18 ) or in a cutting line at a predetermined distance in front of the screen on the normal screen ( 26 ) to cut. A screen according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterized in that the division of the screen surface into sectors, a division into square or rectangular sectors ( 30 ). A screen according to claim 12 or claim 13, characterized in that the division of the screen surface into sectors, starting from the screen center division into concentric circular, elliptical, oval or polygonal rings, wherein each lying in the middle of the screen center a circular shape, an ellipse shape , an oval shape or an ellipsoidal or oval-like polygon shape, the rings surrounding the sector lying in the middle of the screen center in each case in several sectors, which segments of the rings ( 31 / 32 ), and that the long semiaxis of the sector lying in the middle of the screen is aligned in the direction of the image wall width. Image wall according to claim 6, characterized in that all micromirrors in such a way on an approximately flat screen wall surface ( 23 ) are arranged so that their optical axes approximately at an intersection ( 18 ), or cut approximately on a cutting line, wherein the intersection and the intersection line at a predetermined distance in front of the screen on the normal screen ( 26 ) lie. A screen according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or claim 16, characterized in that all the micromirrors substantially have identical dimensions. Display screen according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that all micromirrors of a sector ( 24 ) have substantially identical dimensions. Screen according to one of claims 4 to 18, characterized in that the three-dimensional shape of the mirror surface of the micromirrors substantially the inner surface or the outer surface of a cut-out dome of a given hollow ellipsoids, ovaloid, ellipsoid of revolution or Rotationsovaloiden ( 71 ) corresponds. Screen according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the micromirrors on the screen surface in a predetermined grid ( 3 ) are arranged. A screen according to claim 20, characterized in that the outline of the micromirrors reaches a predetermined hexagon ( 5 ) or a given ellipse ( 4 ). Image wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image wall is designed such that the curvature of the micromirrors ( 11 / 12 ) can be infinitely increased or decreased to the horizontal and the vertical reflection angle ( 13 / 14 ) to change the micromirror. A screen according to claim 22, characterized in that the screen is a device for generating an electrostatic or electromagnetic field ( 67 ) which is in operative connection with the micromirrors and in that the micromirrors are designed in such a way that the curvature of the micromirrors is changed by changing the electrostatic or electromagnetic field. Display screen according to claim 22, characterized in that the screen wall at least one chamber and a device for generating a predetermined pressure ( 68 ), which is in operative connection with the chamber, and that the micromirrors are designed such that the curvature of the micromirrors is changed by pressure change in the chamber. A screen according to claim 24, characterized in that the screen comprises a conduit system, that in the conduit system a fluid ( 45 ) and that the conduit system is designed such that via the fluid ( 45 ) the device for generating a predetermined pressure ( 68 ) is in operative connection with the chamber, such that in the chamber a preselected pressure can be generated. Screen according to claim 25, characterized ge indicates that the image wall surface, including the micromirrors, is protected by an elastic, metallically reflective film ( 43 ) is formed, which gas-tight on a grid ( 44 ) rests the front of a gas-tight frame construction ( 42 ) forms that the grid by a substructure ( 69 ), which is part of the frame construction, is supported, which is plane or has a curvature and that the grid ( 44 ) Has openings with outline shapes which correspond to the outline of the micromirrors. Display screen according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grid is a honeycomb grid ( 44 ), wherein the contour of a honeycomb is a given stretched hexagon ( 70 ), which is stretched in the direction of the screen wall height. Method for producing a screen according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following method steps: a) applying an elastic, metallically reflecting film ( 43 ) on a grid ( 44 ), the front of a gas-tight frame construction ( 42 ) and is connected to this, and gas-tight fastening of the film on the edge of the gas-tight frame construction, b) generating a negative pressure ( 45 ) in the gas-tight frame construction, such that the film ( 43 ) in the individual grid openings of the grid ( 44 ), which forms the front of the frame construction, reaches a predetermined curvature, c) fixing the foil ( 43 ), with the curvatures formed in the individual grid openings. A method for producing a screen according to claim 28, characterized in that the fixing of the film in step c) is carried out such that while maintaining the negative pressure ( 45 ) in the gastight frame construction ( 42 ) is applied to the ambient pressure exposed outside of the deformed film, a curing material. A method for producing a screen according to claim 29, characterized in that for fixing the film, a fast-curing resin ( 49 ) as a hardening material on the outside of the film ( 43 ) is applied. A method for producing a screen according to any one of claims 28, 29 or 30, characterized in that the following step is added: - applying the film with the fixed surface structure ( 50 ) on a carrier plate ( 55 ), with a mold with flat or curved pressing surfaces ( 57 ), which consists of a mold top ( 52 ) and a mold base ( 53 ), wherein the carrier plate with the non-adhesive substance ( 54 ) provided on the pressing surface of the mold lower part and the film with the fixed surface structure ( 50 ) is applied to the pressing surface of the mold upper part and by moving the mold together, the film is connected to the carrier plate. A method for producing a screen according to any one of claims 1 to 27, comprising the following method steps, a) producing a master screen based on a method according to one of claims 28 to 31. b) molding of stamping plates ( 58 ) from the original screen. c) producing a screen wall with the aid of the embossing plates ( 58 ). Process for producing a screen according to claim 32, characterized in that in step c) embossing rollers ( 59 ) to be used. Use of a screen according to one of claims 1 to 27, for deflecting light rays, in particular for lighting purposes, wherein the screen is illuminated with a light source, and wherein the screen in addition equipped with rotary actuators can be. Use of a screen according to one of claims 1 to 27, as a billboard, referring to the surface texture the screen in addition a thin layer metallic glossy single or multi-color image or text is applied and the screen is illuminated with a light source.