DE10328755A1 - System to avoid rear-end collisions - Google Patents
System to avoid rear-end collisions Download PDFInfo
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- DE10328755A1 DE10328755A1 DE10328755A DE10328755A DE10328755A1 DE 10328755 A1 DE10328755 A1 DE 10328755A1 DE 10328755 A DE10328755 A DE 10328755A DE 10328755 A DE10328755 A DE 10328755A DE 10328755 A1 DE10328755 A1 DE 10328755A1
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
- B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
- B60Q1/50—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking
- B60Q1/525—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking automatically indicating risk of collision between vehicles in traffic or with pedestrians, e.g. after risk assessment using the vehicle sensor data
- B60Q1/535—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking automatically indicating risk of collision between vehicles in traffic or with pedestrians, e.g. after risk assessment using the vehicle sensor data to prevent rear-end collisions, e.g. by indicating safety distance at the rear of the vehicle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9322—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles using additional data, e.g. driver condition, road state or weather data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9323—Alternative operation using light waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9325—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles for inter-vehicle distance regulation, e.g. navigating in platoons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/93—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S13/931—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
- G01S2013/9327—Sensor installation details
- G01S2013/93272—Sensor installation details in the back of the vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einem System zur Vermeidung eines zu geringen Abstands von einem Folgefahrzeug zu einem vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug, insbesondere einem Kraftfahrzeug, ist es vorgesehen, dass das vorausfahrende Fahrzeug eine Einrichtung zur Ermittlung des Abstands zum Folgefahrzeug und zur Ermittlung der Relativgeschwindigkeit in Bezug auf das Folgefahrzeug aufweist, und dass auf Grundlage des ermittelten Abstands und der Relativgeschwindigkeit ein Mindestabstand ermittelt wird und bei Überschreiten des Mindestabstands Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer weiteren Verringerung des Abstands durchgeführt werden, zwecks Vermeidung eines möglichen Auffahrunfalls.In a system for avoiding an insufficient distance from a following vehicle to a preceding vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle, it is provided that the preceding vehicle has a device for determining the distance to the following vehicle and for determining the relative speed in relation to the following vehicle, and that a minimum distance is determined on the basis of the determined distance and the relative speed and, if the minimum distance is exceeded, measures are taken to avoid a further reduction in the distance in order to avoid a possible rear-end collision.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein System zur Vermeidung eines zu geringen Abstands von einem Folgefahrzeug zu einem vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug, insbesondere einem Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a system to avoid a too short distance from a following vehicle to a vehicle in front, in particular a motor vehicle.
Es gibt heute keine Warneinrichtungen, die den Fahrer eines nachfolgenden Fahrzeugs (Folgefahrzeugs) vor einem zu geringen Abstand zu einem vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug warnen.There are no warning devices today that the driver of a following vehicle (following vehicle) warn of insufficient distance to a vehicle in front.
Andererseits ist ein Verhalten, bei dem kein genügend großer Sicherheitsabstand eingehalten wird, relativ häufig, insbesondere auf Autobahnen, zu beobachten.On the other hand, behavior is at that's not enough greater Safety distance is maintained, relatively often, especially on motorways, to observe.
Die Warnungen seitens der Behörden in Form von Schildern an der Autobahn oder die Möglichkeiten der Ahndung eines zu geringen Abstands in Form eines Bußgelds erweisen sich als ungenügend zur Verhinderung des zu dichten Auffahrens.The warnings from the authorities in the form of signs on the highway or the possibilities of being punished Too little distance in the form of a fine turns out to be insufficient Prevention of too tight opening.
Problematisch ist darüber hinaus, dass Faktoren, die eine Vergrößerung des benötigten Abstands bewirken, wie witterungsbedingte Straßenglätte oder Sichtbehinderungen, von den Fahrzeugführern oft nicht genügend beachtet oder falsch eingeschätzt werden. Im Zusammenspiel mit einer oftmals überhöhten, dass bedeutet unangemessen hohen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, beeinträchtigen diese Faktoren aber entscheidend die Verkehrssicherheit auf den Straßen. Denn wenn dichter Nebel herrscht, wenn es stark regnet oder schneit, insbesondere auch bei Dunkelheit, halten viele Fahrzeug keinen genügenden Sicherheitsabstand ein. Diese äußeren Bedingungen können auch geübten Fahrern Schwierigkeiten bereiten.Another problem is that factors causing an increase in the required Distance, such as weather-related slippery roads or obstructions, from the drivers often not enough noticed or misjudged become. In combination with an often excessive, that means unreasonably high Vehicle speed, affect this However, traffic safety on the roads is a decisive factor. Because when there is thick fog, when it is raining or snowing heavily, especially in the dark, many vehicles do not keep a sufficient safety distance on. These external conditions can also practiced Difficulties for drivers.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein System zu schaffen, mittels dem Auffahrunfälle durch einen zu geringen Sicherheitsabstand zum vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug vermieden werden können.The invention is based on the object Create system by means of rear-end collisions caused by a too small Safety distance to the vehicle in front can be avoided can.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche gelöst.The task is characterized by the characteristics the independent claims solved.
Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Unteransprüchen angegeben.Particularly preferred embodiments of the Invention are in the dependent dependent claims specified.
Nach der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass das vorausfahrende Fahrzeug eine Einrichtung zur Ermittlung des Abstands zum Folgefahrzeug und zur Ermittlung der Relativgeschwindigkeit in Bezug auf das Folgefahrzeug aufweist, und dass auf Grundlage des ermittelten Abstands und der Relativgeschwindigkeit ein Mindestabstand ermittelt wird und beim Unterschreiten des Mindestabstands Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer weiteren Verringerung des Abstands durchgeführt werden, zwecks Vermeidung eines möglichen Auffahrunfalls.According to the invention, it is provided that the vehicle in front is a device for determining the distance to the following vehicle and to determine the relative speed in relation to the following vehicle, and that based on the determined distance and the relative speed a minimum distance is determined and measures are taken if the minimum distance is undershot Avoiding further reduction of the distance to be carried out to avoid a possible one Rear-end collision.
Der Begriff „Mindestabstand" bedeutet einen Abstand zwischen dem vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug und dem Folgefahrzeug, bei dessen Unterschreiten die Gefahr eines Auffahrunfalls besteht.The term "minimum distance" means a distance between the preceding vehicle and the following vehicle, at falling below there is a risk of a rear-end collision.
Die oben beschriebene Vorgehensweise lässt sich wie folgt erläutern: Wird festgestellt, dass sich ein auffahrendes Fahrzeug nähert, so stellt ein Datenverarbeitungsgerät den Moment fest, an dem der Mindestabstand erreicht und unterschritten wird, und löst eine Maßnahme, z.B. ein Lichtsignal, aus. Eine erste Maßnahme wird sofort durchgeführt. Beispielsweise leuchtet ein Lichtsignal – unabhängig vom Bremslicht- sofort auf, sobald das auffahrende Folgefahrzeug zu nahe kommt. Die komplette Steuerung erfolgt automatisch.The procedure described above can be explain as follows: If it is determined that a vehicle approaching is approaching, so represents a data processing device the moment at which the minimum distance is reached and undershot will, and solve A measure, e.g. a light signal, off. The first action is taken immediately. For example a light signal lights up - regardless of Brake light - on immediately as soon as the following vehicle closes comes close. The complete control takes place automatically.
Im folgenden Beispiel für eine Kolonnefahrt zeigt sich, wie wichtig die Warnung eines Führers des Folgefahrzeugs ist, um die Reaktionszeit des Fahrzeugführers zu verringern. Es wurden vereinfachte Größen angenommen. Zwei Fahrzeuge A und B fahren im Abstand von 5 m mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit von 36 km/h (10 m/s) hintereinander. Bremst plötzlich das vordere Fahrzeug scharf, muss das auffahrende Fahrzeug nach höchstens 0,5 s Reaktionszeit bremsen, um nicht aufzufahren. Kommt ein drittes Fahrzeug C mit demselben Abstand und Geschwindigkeit hinzu, muss dieser Fahrzeugführer eine noch schnellere Reaktionszeit haben. Wenn ein Fahrzeugführer bei einer solchen Auffahrsituation verzögert reagiert, kann das System vom vorderen Fahrzeug aus das kritische Verhältnis Geschwindigkeit/Entfernung berechnen und den Sicherheitsabstand so kalkulieren, dass der auffahrende Fahrer die Situation stresslos unter Kontrolle bringt, wenn er bremst, sobald er das Lichtsignal des vor ihm fahrenden Fahrzeugs empfängt. Insbesondere bei Eisregen oder Nebel kann ein Auffahrunfall so vermieden werden.The following example shows a column trip how important the warning of a driver of the following vehicle is, to reduce the driver's response time. There were simplified sizes accepted. Two vehicles A and B drive the same at a distance of 5 m Speed of 36 km / h (10 m / s) in a row. Suddenly stop that front vehicle armed, the ascending vehicle must at most Brake the 0.5 s reaction time so as not to start up. A third is coming Vehicle C must add the same distance and speed this driver one have even faster response times. If a driver at The system can react to such a collision situation with a delay the critical speed / distance ratio from the front vehicle calculate and calculate the safety distance so that the ascending Driver brings the situation under control without stress when he brakes, as soon as he receives the light signal of the vehicle in front of him. In particular in the event of freezing rain or fog, a rear-end collision can be avoided.
Vorzugsweise sind am sicheren Heckende des Fahrzeugs Sensoren in einer geschützten Position angeordnet, mit denen das Folgefahrzeug erfasst werden kann. Die Sensoren werden vorzugsweise beweglich gelagert. Sie werden z.B. auf einen beweglichen Träger montiert, der je nach Geschwindigkeit des Fahrzeugs den Messwinkel verändert, um in einer jeweils optimalen Position die Distanz zum auffahrenden Fahrzeug zu messen. Es können insbesondere optische Sensoren, Laser oder Radarsensoren verwendet werden.Are preferably at the safe rear end of the Vehicle sensors placed in a protected position with which the following vehicle can be registered. The sensors are preferably mounted movably. You will e.g. on a mobile carrier mounted, the measuring angle depending on the speed of the vehicle changed to the distance to the vehicle in an optimal position Measure vehicle. It can in particular optical sensors, lasers or radar sensors are used become.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass der Abstand und die Relativgeschwindigkeit und auf deren Grundlage ein aktueller Mindestabstand laufend ermittelt werden.According to the invention it is provided that the Distance and the relative speed and based on it current minimum distance can be determined continuously.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass aufgrund eines Vergleichs des aktuellen Mindestabstands mit dem tatsächlich ermittelten Abstand ein Gefahrenpotential ermittelt wird und nach Maßgabe des ermittelten Gefahrenpotentials die Intensität der Maßnahmen variiert wird. Das bedeutet, bei einer Zunahme des Gefahrenpotentials wird auch die Intensität erhöht.According to the invention, that based on a comparison of the current minimum distance with that actually determined distance a hazard potential is determined and after Stipulation of determined the intensity of the measures is varied. The means, with an increase in the hazard potential, the intensity elevated.
Nach der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass als Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer weiteren Verringerung des Abstands optische Warnsignale an den Fahrzeugführer des Folgefahrzeugs übermittelt werden.According to the invention, it is provided that as measures to avoid further reducing the distance optical Warning signals to the driver of the following vehicle are transmitted.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass als optische Warnsignale die bei einem Fahrzeug bereits vorhandenen rückwärts gerichteten Leuchteinrichtungen, wie Bremslicht, Blinker bzw. Warnblinker, Nebelschlußleuchte und Rückfahrscheinwerfer, eingesetzt werden.According to the invention it is provided that as optical warning signals that already exist in a vehicle backward facing Lighting devices such as brake lights, turn signals or hazard lights, rear fog lights and reversing lights, be used.
Nach der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass die Anzahl, die Leuchtintensität und/oder Zeitdauer der optischen Signale nach Maßgabe des ermittelten Gefahrenpotentials variabel eingestellt wird.According to the invention, it is provided that the number, the light intensity and / or duration of the optical Signals as required the determined hazard potential is set variably.
Vorzugsweise werden zuerst die Bremslichter, anschließend die Blinker, dann die Rückfahrscheinwerfer und schließlich noch die Nebelschlußleuchte eingeschaltet. Zusätzlich können diese optischen Signale mit einer bestimmten Frequenz übertragen werden, die vorzugsweise bei einer Erhöhung des Gefahrenpotentials zunimmt. Auch die Intensität selbst wird ggf. verändert, beispielsweise wird bei Bremsleuchten mit mehreren Leuchtsegmenten die Anzahl der aufleuchtenden Leuchtsegmente mit Zunahme des Gefahrenpotentials erhöht.The brake lights, subsequently the turn signals, then the reversing lights and finally still the rear fog lamp switched on. In addition, these can optical signals are transmitted at a certain frequency, preferably with an increase in Danger potential increases. The intensity itself may also be changed, for example is the number of brake lights with multiple light segments Illuminated light segments with increasing danger potential elevated.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass die Verkehrsituation vor dem vorausfahrenden Fahrzeug ermittelt wird und unter Berücksichtigung der Verkehrssituation die Möglichkeit einer gefahrlosen Beschleunigung des vorausfahrenden Fahrzeugs abgeschätzt wird und dass dann, wenn die Möglichkeit einer gefahrlosen Beschleunigung und ein Unterschreiten des Mindestabstands erkannt wird, als Maßnahme das vorausfahrende Fahrzeug automatisch beschleunigt wird.According to the invention it is provided that the Traffic situation in front of the vehicle in front is determined and taking into account the possibility of the traffic situation a safe acceleration of the vehicle in front is estimated and that if the possibility of one safe acceleration and falling below the minimum distance is recognized as a measure the vehicle in front is accelerated automatically.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass bei einem Überschreiten des Mindestabstands die Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer weiteren Verringerung des Abstands durch das vorausfahrende Fahrzeug nicht mehr durchgeführt werden.According to the invention, that when exceeding the minimum distance the measures to avoid further reduction of the distance by the vehicle in front can no longer be carried out.
Nach der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass der Mindestabstand nach Maßgabe weiterer Größen, insbesondere einem ermittelten Fahrbahnzustand und äußerer Witterungsbedingungen, variiert wird.According to the invention, it is provided that the minimum distance in accordance with other sizes, in particular a determined road condition and external weather conditions, is varied.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es vorgesehen, dass als äußere Witterungsbedingungen die die Sichtverhältnisse beeinflussenden Faktoren, wie Nebel, Hagel und/oder Regen, berücksichtigt werden.According to the invention, it is provided that as external weather conditions the the visibility influencing factors such as fog, hail and / or rain are taken into account become.
Es ist nach der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass als Fahrbahnzustand die den Bremsweg beeinflussende Faktoren, wie Regennässe, Schneebedeckung, Eisglätte oder Verschmutzungen der Fahrbahn, berücksichtigt werden. Dazu berechnet das System den Wetterverhältnissen entsprechend einen größeren Sicherheitsabstand als bei trockenen Straßenverhältnissen, da damit zu rechnen ist, dass sich die Bremswege entsprechend verlängern.According to the invention, that the factors influencing the braking distance as the state of the road, like rain, Snow cover, ice icy or dirt on the roadway. Calculated for this the system the weather conditions correspondingly a larger safety distance than in dry road conditions, since it can be expected that the braking distances will increase accordingly.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Messwinkel der Sensoren oder Laser automatisch verstellbar. Der Sensor/Laser kann mit einem fixierten oder auch mit einem graduell verstellbaren Messwinkel ausgestattet sein, um die Sicherheit zu erhöhen. Bei schlechtem Wetter wird der Messwinkel des Sensors/Lasers im Vergleich zu seiner Position bei gutem Wetter automatisch verändert. Dies bedeutet, dass der Sensor/Laser den Winkel des projizierten Lichts zur Erfassung des Abstands zum auffahrenden Fahrzeug und der Geschwindigkeit verändert und der einzuhaltende Sicherheitsabstand erhöht wird.In a further embodiment of the Invention, the measuring angles of the sensors or lasers are automatic adjustable. The sensor / laser can be fixed or also be equipped with a gradually adjustable measuring angle in order to to increase security. In bad weather the measuring angle of the sensor / laser is Automatically changed compared to its position in good weather. This means that the sensor / laser is the angle of the projected light to record the distance to the vehicle and the speed changed and the safety distance to be maintained is increased.
Es ist bekannt, dass Winterreifen den Bremsweg verkürzen, Sommerreifen sind bei Schnee und Eis schnell überfordert. Schon ab +7°C verlieren sie deutlich an Haftung. Dies bedeutet praktisch, dass beim Bremsen auf verschneiter Fahrbahn ein mit Winterreifen und ABS ausgestattetes Fahrzeug bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 80km/h (22,2m/s) etwa 70m bis zum Stillstand braucht. Ein Fahrzeug ohne entsprechende Ausrüstung braucht ca. 110 m. Diese Unterschiede können vom System bei der Ermittlung des Mindestabstands mit berücksichtigt werden.It is known that winter tires shorten the braking distance, Summer tires are quickly overwhelmed in snow and ice. Lose from + 7 ° C they clearly in liability. This practically means that when braking on snow-covered roads with winter tires and ABS Vehicle at a speed of 80km / h (22.2m / s) about 70m until it stops. A vehicle without appropriate equipment needs approx. 110 m. These differences can taken into account by the system when determining the minimum distance become.
Erfindungsgemäß werden als weitere Größen die die Fahrsicherheit oder Fahrtüchtigkeit des vorausfahrenden Fahrzeugs beeinflussenden Faktoren, wie ein Motorschaden, ein Reifenschaden oder Fehler in der Betriebsbremse, berücksichtigt. Ein Beispiel zeigt, welche Auswirkungen eintreten, wenn die Auffahrzeit nicht genügend beachtet wird. Auch hier wurden vereinfachte Größen angenommen. Zwei Fahrzeuge A und B fahren im Abstand von 20 m mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit von 75 km/h (20,8 m/s) hintereinander. Bremst plötzlich das vordere Fahrzeug A mit einer Verzögerung von angenommenen 3,5 m/s2, wird das auffahrende Fahrzeug B bei unveränderter Geschwindigkeit innerhalb von höchstens 3,3 s auf A auffahren und einen Unfall verursachen. Nach diesen 3,3 s ist die Geschwindigkeit von A immerhin ca. 32,4 km/h (9,0 m/s). Das plötzliche Bersten eines Reifens eines Fahrzeugs ist unter Umständen kontrollierbar, dennoch hängt es von dem Abstand bzw. Geschwindigkeit und des herannahenden Fahrzeugs ab, ob es zu einem Auffahrunfall kommt oder nicht. Gefahrensituationen für die unmittelbar beteiligten Fahrzeuge bei einem Fahrzeugschaden werden durch das System daher erheblich reduziert.According to the invention, the factors influencing the driving safety or ability to drive of the vehicle in front, such as engine damage, tire damage or faults in the service brake, are taken into account as further variables. An example shows what effects occur if the drive-up time is not sufficiently taken into account. Simplified sizes were also assumed here. Two vehicles A and B run at a distance of 20 m at the same speed of 75 km / h (20.8 m / s) in a row. If the vehicle A in front suddenly brakes with a deceleration of 3.5 m / s 2 , the vehicle B ascending will drive up to A at an unchanged speed within a maximum of 3.3 s and cause an accident. After these 3.3 s, the speed of A is at least approx. 32.4 km / h (9.0 m / s). The sudden bursting of a vehicle's tire may be controllable, but whether or not a rear-end collision occurs depends on the distance or speed and the approaching vehicle. Dangerous situations for the vehicles directly involved in the event of vehicle damage are therefore considerably reduced by the system.
Das erfindungsgemäße System wird beispielhaft
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Die
Das in
Insbesondere ermittelt der Rechner
In der
Der Zentralcomputer
In der zweiten in
Der Zentralcomputer
Die
Wie in
Bei höheren Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit
V1 von 100 km/h und ebenfalls, um den gleichen
Betrag von 40 km/h höheren
Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit Vc von 140 km/h,
werden die Lichtstrahlen
Als Sensoren sind im hinteren Bereich
des Fahrzeugs
Während der Fahrzeugführer in stehenden Fahrzeugen, z. B. im Stau, mit Hilfe einer Taste die Warnlichter betätigen muss, um die Aufmerksamkeit des auffahrenden Fahrzeugs zu erregen, ermöglicht es der Erfindungsgegenstand, dies zu automatisieren und so die Sicherheit zu erhöhen. Der Sensor misst in zwei Intervallen die Geschwindigkeit des herannahenden Fahrzeugs und löst ein Lichtsignal aus, sobald sein Abstand zum stehenden Fahrzeug gleich bzw. geringer ist als der seiner gemessenen Geschwindigkeit entsprechende Bremsweg. So löst das auffahrende Fahrzeug z.B. das Signal bei einer Geschwindigkeit von 100km/h (27,7m/s) bei einer Distanz von ca. 70m bzw. nach einer eintsprechenden Zeitdauer aus, wenn es bis zu diesem Moment seine Geschwindigkeit noch nicht reduziert hat, sich also im kritischen Abstand befindet.While the driver in stationary vehicles, e.g. B. in a traffic jam, using a button, the warning lights actuate must, in order to attract the attention of the ascending vehicle, allows the subject of the invention to automate this and so the security to increase. The sensor measures the speed of the approaching at two intervals Vehicle and triggers a light signal as soon as its distance from the stationary vehicle is equal to or less than that of its measured speed corresponding braking distance. So solve the driving vehicle e.g. the signal at a speed of 100km / h (27.7m / s) at a distance of approx. 70m or after a appropriate period of time if it is up to that moment its speed has not yet reduced, i.e. is at a critical distance.
Bei dem im Zentralcomputer gespeicherten Programm kann der Sicherheitsabstand oder Mindestabstand s nach weiteren Parametern korrigiert werden. Das Lichtsignal kann dann aktiviert werden, sobald die ermittelten Werte mit vorgegebenen Grenzwerten übereinstimmen oder sich diesen annähern. Verschiedene weitere Situationen, die eine Gefahr für die unmittelbare Fahrsituation der beteiligten Fahrzeuge beinhalten, werden so bei der Ermittlung erfindungsgemäß mit berücksichtigt. Insbesondere werden eine unterschiedliche mögliche Verzögerung der Fahrzeuge bei Trockenheit, bei Regen oder Schnee/Eis und unterschiedlichen, wie Winterreifen und Sommerreifen, sowie eine Verringerung der Sicht bei Nebel mitberücksichtigt.With the program stored in the central computer can the safety distance or minimum distance s according to other Parameters are corrected. The light signal can then be activated as soon as the determined values match the specified limit values or approach it. Various other situations that pose a threat to the immediate The driving situation of the vehicles involved are included the determination according to the invention also taken into account. In particular, a different possible deceleration of the vehicles in dry conditions, in rain or snow / ice and different, such as winter tires and Summer tires and a reduction in visibility in fog are also taken into account.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10328755A DE10328755A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-06-25 | System to avoid rear-end collisions |
EP03762596.9A EP1521980B1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-03 | System for preventing a rear-end collision |
PCT/EP2003/007079 WO2004005962A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-07-03 | System for preventing a rear-end collision |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10230266 | 2002-07-05 | ||
DE10230266.9 | 2002-07-05 | ||
DE10253529 | 2002-11-16 | ||
DE10253529.9 | 2002-11-16 | ||
DE10328755A DE10328755A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-06-25 | System to avoid rear-end collisions |
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DE10328755A1 true DE10328755A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
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DE10328755A Withdrawn DE10328755A1 (en) | 2002-07-05 | 2003-06-25 | System to avoid rear-end collisions |
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