DE102017212707A1 - Method and device for detecting a road condition - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a road condition in the region of a vehicle (100) using sensor data (108) of an acoustic sensor system (104) of the vehicle (100), characterized in that in a step of the evaluation in the Sensor data (108) is evaluated as a noise level mapped noise level (300) to detect a current road condition, wherein a current value of the noise level (300) is evaluated using at least one expectation value associated with a road condition.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a method and a device for detecting a road condition in the region of a vehicle using sensor data of an acoustic sensor system of the vehicle.

State of the art

Environmental influences, such as rain, sleet, hail or snow, can reduce a vehicle's ground contact, resulting in a longer braking distance for the vehicle. With aquaplaning, the vehicle even loses traction. Such environmental influences can be detected by special sensors.

For example, precipitation can be detected by an optical rain sensor in a windshield of the vehicle. If the precipitation is detected, a change in the road condition can be deduced by the precipitation.

Disclosure of the invention

Against this background, a method for detecting a road condition in the region of a vehicle using sensor data of an acoustic sensor system of the vehicle, a corresponding device, and a corresponding computer program product according to the independent claims are presented with the approach presented here.

Advantageous developments and improvements of the approach presented here are described in the dependent claims.

Advantages of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention may advantageously allow for concluding a road condition without special, additional sensors on the vehicle and using information that already exists. In this case, existing sound transducers of the vehicle are used to detect a caused by a certain road condition, changed driving or ambient noise. Used transducers may be all microphones of the vehicle, such as a microphone of a speakerphone. In particular, the sound transducers can be used by ultrasound transceiver units used for surround detection. In the approach presented here, an already existing sensor signal of the sound transducer is read in and evaluated in order to conclude the road condition.

Aquaplaning can be detected earlier and more reliably through the approach presented here. Furthermore, a prediction of aquaplaning is possible. The driver can be warned about aquaplaning earlier. This will allow the vehicle to better respond to predicted and sudden aquaplaning and prevent accidents due to aquaplaning. The water level data may be returned to the weather service, which will then better supply its weather models with data and thus, e.g. can calculate a better flood warning. For permanent and sporadic defects, troubleshooting is facilitated by additional environmental information.

The road wetness could also be determined by video or radar. However, the evaluation by ultrasonic sensors can lead to better and more accurate predictions.

A method for detecting a road condition in the region of a vehicle using sensor data of an acoustic sensor system of the vehicle is presented, which is characterized in that in a step of the evaluation, a noise level mapped as a disturbance in the sensor data is evaluated to a current road condition to recognize, wherein a current value of the noise level is evaluated using at least one expectation value associated with a road condition.

Furthermore, a device for detecting a road condition is presented, which is designed to execute the method for detecting in corresponding devices, implement and / or to control.

Ideas for embodiments of the present invention may be considered, inter alia, as being based on the thoughts and findings described below.

As road condition, a state of a roadway caused by water in solid or liquid form may be referred to. For example, the road may be wet, wet, muddy or over-flushed. Likewise, the road may of course be dry in the absence of water. Compared to the dry road, an ambient noise (in particular the tire rolling noise) of a vehicle changes significantly when the vehicle travels over a damp, wet or even over-flushed area. From a certain amount of water on the road, the water is also torn from the tires and hits the vehicle, where additional noise. With even more water On the road, fountains form due to the displacement of the tires, which also partly hit the vehicle. Superimposed on these noises is a wind noise caused by the wind. The wind noise is dependent on a relative velocity of the air to the vehicle.

The road condition can also refer to a surface condition of the roadway. The rolling noise also depends on the surface condition. For example, a difference in the rolling noise between so-called whispering asphalt and cobblestones in the audible range is considerable.

A sensor system may be, for example, an ultrasonic sensor system. Sensor data may include acoustic information from one or more sensors. The sensor data can already be preprocessed. For example, the sensor data of the ultrasonic sensor system can map distances to detected objects and their recognition probability or quality. Among other things, the recognition probability depends on how high a level of noise was at the time of recognition. The noise level is a disturbance. The noise level is calculated to determine the probability of detection in the ultrasonic sensor system and is available. The noise level can also be referred to as noise level. The noise level can be specified in decibels, for example. The higher the noise level, the less likely it is to detect a small object, because an echo reflected by the object may be lost in background noise. A significantly louder echo than the noise level results in a high detection probability.

The noise level depends on the road condition. Different expected values can be stored for different road conditions. The expected values may be determined during vehicle tests, for example.

A dry state can be recognized as the current road condition if the current value of the noise level is less than a wet value. A wet condition can be detected as the current road condition if the current value is greater than the wet value. A wet state may be recognized as the current road condition if the current value is greater than a wet value. An aquaplaning state may be recognized as the current road condition if the current value is greater than a hydroplaning value. In particular when the wet state is detected, a warning of aquaplaning danger can be provided above a speed limit. The humidity value, wet value and aquaplaning value can be designations of expected values. The wet value may be higher than a dry value indicating a dry road condition. The wet value may be higher than the wet value. The aquaplaning value may be higher than the wet value. Due to different expectations, different road conditions can be detected.

The method may include a step of adjusting, by using the currently detected road condition, setting a maximum speed value representing a maximum allowable speed for the vehicle and / or a distance value representing a minimum allowable distance to a preceding vehicle. The approach presented here can intervene directly in a driver assistance system of the vehicle. The maximum speed value and / or the distance value may also be set as a function of an expected roadway condition in the area of the vehicle and / or in an area in front of the vehicle. The expected road condition can be mapped in a road condition information transmitted by a superordinate information network.

As a road condition, a water level in the area of the vehicle can be detected. Different water levels can be assigned different expected values. The level of noise changes depending on how much water is on the road. The more water there is on the road, the higher the noise level can be. From a certain level of water and at a speed dependent thereon, the tires of the vehicle lose ground contact and float. It comes to aquaplaning. Through the approach presented here, it is possible to warn against aquaplaning before reaching the critical velocity with respect to the known water level or water level profile.

The noise level can be evaluated in a narrowband frequency range. The noise level can be evaluated in particular in an ultrasound spectrum. In a narrow frequency band, especially at approximately a single frequency, fewer interferences result than in a wide frequency band. In the narrowband frequency range of echolocation of ultrasound systems by about 48 to 50 kHz, the influence of the surface condition on dry roads is minimal. Therefore, these systems are particularly well suited for a recognition of the road condition.

The noise level may also be determined using a speed value representing an actual speed of the vehicle and / or a current wind vector representative wind information to be evaluated. Shares of the noise level are caused by the wind. The airstream is essentially dependent on the speed of the vehicle. The wind is also dependent on the wind. In particular, a proportion of the wind in the direction of travel of the vehicle influences the airstream. In other words, the wind is greater in headwind and smaller in tailwind, as the purely speed-dependent wind. A wind vector describes the direction and strength of the wind.

In the step of the evaluation, noise levels detected by different sensors of the sensor system can be evaluated separately. The noise level is different at different points of the vehicle. Wind noise, for example, be more pronounced in the front of the vehicle, as in the rear area

Noise levels of sensors of the sensor system installed symmetrically on the vehicle can be evaluated. Sensors are often installed on the vehicle in pairs. The sensor pairs can be evaluated together to detect an imbalance in the noise level.

To detect different road conditions, different noise levels of sensors installed at different positions on the vehicle of the sensor system can be used. A spatial distribution of the noise level may be dependent on the road condition. In damp to wet roads, the noise level at the rear of the vehicle may be higher than at the front of the vehicle. In wet to flooded roads, the noise level at the front of the vehicle may be higher than at the rear of the vehicle.

The noise level can also be evaluated using a distance information representing a distance of the vehicle to at least one object as well as a sound reflection property and / or a sound emission property of the object. Objects can be detected, for example, by an environment detection system of the vehicle. For example, the sensor system may be the surroundings detection system. The surroundings detection system may provide distance information. The distance information can already be present in the sensor data as a measured variable. For example, the sensor system can actively send out acoustic signals and evaluate a transit time of the signals as a measured variable. Objects in the vicinity of the vehicle can cause noises or alter the vehicle's own noise. For example, a moving vehicle causes a driving noise that may superimpose the self-noise. Likewise, a planar object adjacent to the vehicle can reflect the intrinsic sound of the vehicle, such as a tunnel wall or guardrail.

For calculating the acoustic emission property of the object, an absolute speed of the object and / or a speed value representing a current speed of the vehicle may be used. The inherent noise of the vehicle and / or the driving noise of another vehicle are speed-dependent. The higher the speed, the louder the noise or driving sound.

The method may comprise a providing step in which a road state information representing the current road state and a position information for a higher-level information network representing a current position of the vehicle are provided. Alternatively or additionally, road condition information representing the current road state for expected future positions of the vehicle can be provided by the higher-level information network. By providing an overview of current road conditions can be created in the information network. Based on the overview, other vehicles can be provided with predictive road condition information, and thus react proactively. The information network may be referred to as a cloud, for example.

Also of advantage is a computer program product or computer program with program code, which can be stored on a machine-readable medium and used to carry out, implement and / or control the steps of the method described above.

It should be noted that some of the possible features and advantages of the invention are described herein with reference to different embodiments as a method and apparatus. A person skilled in the art will recognize that the features can be suitably combined, adapted or replaced in order to arrive at further embodiments of the invention.

list of figures

• 1 zeigt eine Darstellung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Vorrichtung zum Erkennen eines Fahrbahnzustands gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
• 2 zeigt eine Darstellung eines Informationsnetzwerks zum Verwalten von Fahrbahnzustandsinformationen gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
• 3 zeigt eine Darstellung eines in Sensordaten enthaltenen Sensorsignals und Rauschlevels gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
• 4 zeigt eine Darstellung von bei trockener Autobahn erfassten Sensordaten gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel;
• 5 zeigt eine Darstellung von bei feuchter Autobahn erfassten Sensordaten gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel; und
• 6 zeigt eine Darstellung von beim Durchfahren eines Wasserbeckens erfassten Sensordaten gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which neither the drawings nor the description are to be construed as limiting the invention.

• 1 shows a representation of a vehicle with a device for detecting a road condition according to an embodiment;
• 2 FIG. 10 is an illustration of an information network for managing lane state information according to one embodiment; FIG.
• 3 shows a representation of a sensor signal contained in sensor data and noise levels according to an embodiment;
• 4 shows an illustration of sensor data acquired at dry freeway according to an embodiment;
• 5 shows a representation of sensed on wet highway sensor data according to an embodiment; and
• 6 shows a representation of sensed when passing through a water basin sensor data according to an embodiment.

The figures are only schematic and not to scale. Like reference numerals designate the same or equivalent features in the figures.

Embodiments of the invention

A detection of the water level on the roadway by means of ultrasound for an aquaplaning warning is presented.

Currently, the road wetness or a millimeter indication of the water column on a roadway can not be measured directly. From different operating conditions of a vehicle can be deduced indirectly on a wet road. This can be done for example by the wiper activity or ESP interventions. A continuous "measurement" of the road condition with respect to moisture currently does not exist.

A vehicle may include an environment detection system. For example, ultrasonic sensors may be mounted near the wheel arches for obstacle detection. A significant problem with the use of obstacle detection during the faster ride are the driving noise, which superimpose the signal emitted by the sensors and its echo and thus greatly restricting the distance measurement. The more water from the tires splashes against the wheel arch, the louder the driving noise and the stronger the restriction. The noise level reaches mainly directly through the air to the sensor, but can also be received indirectly by structure-borne sound from the sensor. These noises are calculated as "disturbance variable" in the sensor itself.

For the driver or for subsequent drivers, it would be helpful in many situations to know the influence of the wet road or to be made aware of the effects on the possible cornering speed or aquaplaning. This would increase road safety. The information about the "water level" [mm] or "wet road surface" [yes / no] can also be stored and processed in a cloud.

The method presented here can in principle be used in all vehicles with ultrasonic sensors. Since only an already calculated signal is provided on the CAN bus and due to this signal a warning is issued to the driver, a minimal implementation with software changes to the ultrasonic control unit and HMI is very cost-effective.

1 shows a representation of a vehicle 100 with a device 102 for detecting a road condition according to an embodiment. The vehicle 100 here is a passenger car. The vehicle 100 has an ultrasonic sensor system 104 with six sensors each at the front and at the rear. The sensors are aligned to different detection areas and arranged symmetrically to the vehicle longitudinal axis. The sensors send out ultrasonic signals into their detection areas and record echoes coming back from the detection area. The sensors set the echoes of the sensor signals 106 for the sensor system 104 ready. The sensor system 104 evaluates the information from the sensor data 106 and provides sensor data 108 ready.

The device 102 reads the sensor data 108 and evaluates one in the sensor data 108 contained noise level 110 off to recognize the road condition. The road condition is in the form of road condition information 112 for driver assistance systems 114 of the vehicle 100 provided, for example, a warning to a driver of the vehicle 100 provide, when due to the road condition, the traction becomes lower.

In one embodiment, the device limits 102 maximum values 116 for the speed of the vehicle 100 and / or a safe distance to a preceding vehicle depending on the detected road condition. For example, such a cruise control of the vehicle may speed the vehicle 100 and / or adjust the distance to the vehicle ahead to the road condition.

In one embodiment, the device sends 102 the road condition information 112 and position information 118 via a wireless connection to a parent information network. Thus the information about the Road condition in the area of the vehicle 100 can also be passed on to other vehicles.

The vehicle 100 Detects with the help of the ultrasonic sensors (USS), which are located respectively in the vicinity of the wheel arches or are anyway installed for the object recognition, how high the water level is on the road.

The water level detection can be performed by the ultrasound system in parallel to the object detection. Since object detection works very well at low speeds, the filter characteristics and other parameters of the sensors are optimized for object detection. At very high speeds, no object recognition is possible by emitting ultrasound signals. In this case, the transmission of ultrasonic signals can be completely dispensed with and the filter properties and other parameters of the sensors for the reception of the noise signal caused by the water can be optimized. For example, for sensors that are not transmitting, the entire measurement window can be used to calculate the noise level. It is also conceivable to evaluate the change in the signal strength within the measurement window. Similarly, other indicators such as number and distance of (mis) recognized objects can be evaluated with very little probability to derive conclusions about the water level.

The more water or slush is on the road, the higher is the speed-dependent noise level measured by the ultrasonic sensor of the raindrops or mud particles splashing on the wheel arch. In general, wetness can preferably be detected with the rear sensors, since here the noise level of the water is less superimposed by the airstream. The vehicle speed or the wheel speed, the wind speed and direction, other road users, objects on the roadside, the mounting position of the sensors, the vehicle geometry, any contamination of the sensors and the tire condition (cross-section, width, profiling, etc.) can have an influence on the Amount of water that splashes against the wheel well or have the noise level. All these parameters are included in the calculation of the water level.

If the currently measured speed-dependent noise level is greater than the speed-dependent dry-track reference noise level by a first (speed-dependent) factor, then the road is (at least) wet. If the currently measured speed-dependent noise level is greater than the speed-dependent dry-track reference noise level by a second (speed-dependent) factor, then the road is (at least) wet, with the second factor being greater than the first factor. With even larger factors, higher water levels can be distinguished from lower water levels, wet and wet roads.

Since the noise level is mainly caused by the wind on dry roads, headwind causes an increased level and Mitwind a reduced level. In order to avoid headwinds on dry roads not for wet roads and moderate wind on wet roads not for dry roads, the vehicle can 100 For example, measure the wind speed with the help of the fan wheel, which is streamed by the wind, and calculate its influence. Alternatively, it can retrieve the current local wind speed and direction over the Internet. The vehicle 100 adds the headwind to the current vehicle speed and uses this to calculate the wind-corrected speed in order to carry out and improve the water level calculation described above.

Not only the wind noise of your own vehicle 100 but also the other road users have a big impact on the noise level. The vehicle 100 can detect other road users at medium speeds and short distances by emitting ultrasound pulses and measuring the reflections. If the vehicle speed is so high that the reflections of your own ultrasound pulses can no longer be detected, then the vehicle recognizes 100 the other participants that their noise is measured only on one side (especially the left) and is measured in oncoming traffic first at the front and then at the rear sensors. In overtaking vehicles, the noise is first measured at the left rear and then at the front left. For vehicles that are overhauled, first front right and then rear right. If the noise is about equally strong right and left, then the noise level is much more likely to be attributed to water on the road.

zunächst an den vorderen und dann an den hinteren Sensoren ändert, ist die Änderung des Wasserstandes als Ursache anzusehen. Wenn das Fahrzeug nur vorne oder nur hinten über Sensoren verfügt, dann kann es andere Verkehrsteilnehmer bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten auch mit Hilfe weiterer Sensorik wie z.B. Radar, Kamera oder Lidar erkennen. Wenn das Fahrzeug andere Verkehrsteilnehmer erkannt hat, wendet es alternative geschwindigkeitsabhängige Faktoren für die Berechnung des Wasserstands an.All vehicles 100 , which have front and rear sensors, can detect water on the road most reliably. If the noise as a function of vehicle speed V and wheelbase L with the time lag $$\text{T}=\text{L}/\text{V}$$

Changing the front and then the rear sensors is the change of the Water level as a cause. If the vehicle has sensors only at the front or only at the rear, it can detect other road users at high speeds with the help of other sensors such as radar, camera or lidar. If the vehicle has detected other road users, it applies alternative speed-dependent factors to calculate the water level.

If the noise is increased at the same time front and rear, then an EMC source of interference can be the cause, because their signals propagate at the speed of light and thus reach all sensors simultaneously. In this case, it can be taken into account that the source of interference couples differently into the sensors depending on the installation position.

By stationary objects, such as e.g. Concrete walls are the self-induced water noise reflected and get increasingly to the sensors. When the vehicle detects stationary objects, it also applies other alternative speed-dependent factors for calculating the water level.

Since the sensors are seated differently close to the wheels and possibly covered to different degrees by the body, separate speed-dependent factors for calculating the water level are provided for each sensor. In general, the sensors are arranged symmetrically to the vehicle longitudinal axis, so that in each case a speed-dependent factor can be applied to two sensors arranged symmetrically to each other.

In general, if possible, all available sensors are used to calculate the water level. As a result, it can happen that the sensors estimate the water level differently. Since, depending on the position of the sensors, a calculation of the water level is possible more reliably or unreliably, the standard deviation of the signal for each position is also determined individually. In addition, the sensor-specific standard deviation is corrected again if one of the influences described above acts on the sensor signal or depending on which calculation methodology can be used. The calculated water levels are weighted together by the standard deviations, whereby water levels with a particularly high standard deviation may be completely discarded. The standard deviation is also calculated for the merged water level. The front sensors can detect very high water levels more reliably than the rear ones, with the front sensors having problems detecting wet and only moderately wet roads. Therefore, together with the water level estimation of the front sensors, a high standard deviation for low water levels and a low standard deviation for high water levels for the subsequent fusion of the data are assumed. By contrast, with the help of the rear sensors, it is possible to reliably detect moist and wet roads, while the rear sensors are less able to detect very short but deep puddles than the front sensors. This finding is also taken into account in the fusion of the measured values of all sensors by assuming that the standard deviation of the rear sensors is small for measured low water levels and high for high water levels.

In addition, it is also possible by means of pattern recognition, obtained from the raw data of the ultrasonic sensor, situationally determine an existing water level. For example, due to the passing of a vehicle from the characteristic noise pattern incl. Pattern of object recognition on an existing water level or road property (dry, wet, wet, ...) are closed.

At high water levels, tire cross section and tire tread force are the main factors, whether aquaplaning occurs at lower or higher speeds. At low water levels in addition to the tire cross-section and the tire contact force also the tire tread depth and the profile picture plays an essential role.

The vehicle 100 learn at what speeds and water levels signs of aquaplaning occur. That recognizes the vehicle 100 with the aid of sensors of the ESP, which calculates the slip of the individual wheels and the vehicle stability on the basis of wheel speed information, inertial sensors, the steering angle, for example. Will the vehicle 100 unstable or the slippage of individual wheels unusually large, then are the indication of occurring aquaplaning. The ESP can also assign whether the right or the left side of aquaplaning is affected. Whenever the vehicle 100 Recognizing aquaplaning with the aid of ESP sensor technology, it records the vehicle speed, the tire contact forces and the water level and also sends this data to the cloud. The water level can be the vehicle 100 either measure, if available, with your own ultrasound system or query from the cloud, or from these experiences can the vehicle 100 or the cloud for the future, how dangerous the currently measured water level for the respective vehicle 100 or how dangerous the predicted water level will be on the chosen route and how strong the vehicle is 100 the Must reduce maximum speed to safely avoid aquaplaning can.

If the vehicle 100 recognizes a tire change, then it learns the values again and see if the newly learned values to archived learning values fit before the last tire change, so again the same summer or winter tires were reared, as before. If so, it updates the current learning values with these archived values.

When the road surface is wet, the adaptive cruise control system automatically sets a higher distance to vehicles ahead than when driving on dry roads. The emergency brake assistant intervenes earlier than on dry roads to prevent a rear-end collision.

On wet roads, the cruise control reduces the maximum selectable speed of the cruise control and automatically maintains an even higher distance to vehicles in front, as in wet track. If the driver exceeds a certain speed, he is warned against aquaplaning. The emergency brake assist intervenes earlier than on a damp road to prevent a rear-end collision.

When the water level is high on the road, the cruise control system reduces the maximum selectable speed of the cruise control and automatically maintains an even higher distance to vehicles in front than on wet roads. The driver is already alerted when exceeding lower speeds than on wet roads. The emergency brake assist intervenes earlier than on a wet road to prevent a rear-end collision.

With long-term predicted risk of aquaplaning, for example, with increasing vehicle speed at constant water level or predicted puddle / rut through the cloud, a reduction of the target speed of the distance control and the speed limit speed. In addition, a reduction of the engine torque and / or a braking intervention (for example when rolling downhill) can take place. The driver can e.g. be warned by an indicator or a warning tone.

In the case of an acutely measured risk of aquaplaning (sudden deep puddle / track groove), the cruise control cruise control can be switched off, the engine torque can be reduced. Furthermore, targeted braking interventions to reduce the speed and stabilization of the vehicle can be performed. If there is an acute risk of aquaplaning, braked with the front wheels, if possible, but not with the rear wheels, to prevent the rear from breaking out. The driver can e.g. be warned by an indicator or a warning tone.

Water on the road can be the cause of numerous defects and sporadic mistakes. If the vehicle 100 detects an error in one of the components, then stores not only the current ambient temperature, vehicle speed and engine speed but also whether the fault has occurred on a dry, wet, wet or flooded road. In addition, in a particularly fast passage through very deep water this event can be stored as such and this information will be provided to the workshop.

2 shows a representation of an information network 200 for managing road condition information 112 according to an embodiment. The information network 200 networked vehicles 100 , as in 1 , having a device for recognizing a road condition, with vehicles 202 that do not have such a device.

In a situation example presented here drive two vehicles 100 with device and a vehicle 202 without a device on a street 204 , The vehicles 100 . 202 drive at greater intervals one behind the other. In particular, they drive out of sight. A stretch of road 206 the street 204 has a changed road condition. Here 206 is the street 204 wet in the stretch or even water is on the road. The preceding vehicle 100 with device has the stretch of track 206 reached. The device detects the road condition at least as wet, since the measured noise levels in the section 206 are significantly higher than in a dry stretch of road. In particular, the noise level values are higher than a wet value. The device sends road condition information 112 and position information 118 to the information network 200 , The road condition information 112 contains at least the information about the recognized as wet road condition.

The second vehicle 100 with device has the stretch of track 206 not reached yet. The second vehicle 100 drives over dry road 204 , Also the second vehicle 100 transmits information to the information network 200 , Since the road condition is recognized as normal, here only the position information 118 transmitted.

A position of the third vehicle 202 is here at least approximately known from other sources. In the information network 200 become the positions of the vehicles 100 . 202 related to each other. It is recognized that the second and third vehicle 100 . 202 just before the wet stretch 206 and reach it soon. Therefore, a warning message appears 208 before wet on the second and third vehicle 100 . 202 sent. Thus, driver assistance systems and / or the drivers of the second and third vehicles 100 . 202 react accordingly, for example by adjusting the speed and / or safety distance to the expected wet road conditions.

The vehicle 100 reports the calculated water level and the standard deviation together with the GPS position and possibly the current lane or direction of travel via a mobile connection to the cloud, which collects this data together with the data of other vehicles 100 and with other weather data 210 merged and plausibility. Also vehicles 202 who can not calculate the water level themselves, can retrieve the predicted maximum water levels or safe maximum speeds for the next probable route sections from the cloud.

3 shows a representation of a sensor signal contained in sensor data 106 and noise levels 300 according to an embodiment. The sensor data essentially correspond to the sensor data in 1 , The sensor signal 106 and the noise level 300 are shown in a diagram that has plotted a time on its abscissa and an intensity on its ordinate. The sensor signal 106 forms an echo received at a sensor 302 a signal emitted by the sensor. The time here represents a transit time of the signal and the echo 302 , A course of the sensor signal 106 begins at a transmission time of the signal. The signal is not shown. The signal is here an ultrasonic signal. The ultrasonic signal propagates from the sensor at the speed of sound. When the ultrasound signal hits an object, it is reflected or reflected and propagates again at the speed of sound. The illustrated echo 302 represents the proportion of the transmitted signal which is detected at the sensor at a time of reception. The shorter a period between the transmission time and the reception time of the echo 302 is, the smaller is a distance between the transmitter and the object.

Until the echo 302 the sensor makes a background noise 304 in the sensor signal 106 from. The echo 302 here has a much higher intensity than the background noise 304 on. To the echo 304 from the background noise 304 to be able to distinguish, is the noise level 300 from the background noise 304 determined. The noise level 300 is based on a moving average of the sensor signal 106 , In addition, the noise level 300 shifted slightly towards greater intensities from the mean. The echo 302 is short and has a large slope. This exceeds the intensity of the echo 302 the noise level 300 essential. The stronger the echo the noise level 300 exceeds, the probability is actually an echo reflected on the object 302 to have recognized. Conversely, the weaker the echo, the lower the probability of recognition 302 in comparison with the noise level 300 is.

The noise level 300 thus forms a volume of background noise 304 from. The background noise 304 depends among other things on the road condition. If the road is wet, the background noise is 304 volume up. The noise level 300 is shown in the sensor data.

Using a current average of the noise level 300 An expectation value for the noise level can be learned. In this case, a dry value can be learned when a dry state is indicated by a road condition information. A wet value can be learned when a wet condition is indicated by the road condition information. A wet value may be learned when a wet condition is indicated by the road condition information. An aquaplaning value may be learned when an aquaplaning condition is indicated by the road condition information.

Each sensor measures an individual background noise. This minimal noise can be learned whenever acoustic signals are excluded or unlikely to be the cause. The learned individual noise floor of each sensor is always subtracted from the measured raw value before it is made available to further calculations.

For each individual sensor, the vehicle learns how high its speed-dependent noise level is, with the learned values being replaced by newer ones at the earliest when it can be ensured that the vehicle has been driven on dry ground. The information as to whether the vehicle is traveling on a dry road may e.g. be retrieved via a mobile connection from the Internet.

If the noise level of a sensor does not increase even at very high speed, then an error is detected and stored in the control unit. This error can be read out via the Internet or in the workshop and gives the driver or the workshop an indication to look for errors or soiling of the sensor.

The wind has a greater influence on the noise level of the front sensors than on the noise level of the rear sensors. The rear center sensors are best protected from the wind, so evaluating the noise level of these sensors is best suited for moisture detection. The vehicle calculates a limit for the noise level of the rear middle sensors based on the current vehicle speed.

Wind has an influence in addition to the wind and is taken into account for moisture detection. This can be done directly by measuring the wind speed of another vehicle sensor, e.g. done the fan. On the other hand, it is also possible for the vehicle to use, in addition to the vehicle speed, the noise level of the front sensors in order to calculate the limit for the noise level of the rear sensors.

4 shows a representation of sensor data collected on dry freeways 108 according to an embodiment. The sensor data 108 are plotted on a graph that has plotted a continuous time in seconds [s] on its abscissa. On the ordinate two independent sizes are plotted. A size is a distance value in centimeters [cm] for received echoes 302 , The other size is a value of the noise level 300 in decibels [dB]. The sensor data 108 In the process, a large number of measurements take place one after the other. For each measurement is at least one value for the noise level 300 shown. When an echo reflected on an object 302 was received, a running time of the echo is shown as a distance value. In addition, a probability of detection of the echo by a color value of the echo 302 represented representing point.

A sensor data 108 Detecting vehicle has driven on the dry highway at approximately 115 km / h. This is the noise level 300 essentially constant. If the vehicle is overtaken by other vehicles, the noise level increases 300 briefly up to 10 dB.

The echoes 302 show here clearly a continuous central plank. Here, the central conductor of the own direction of travel is recorded almost constantly. In addition, a Mittelleitplanke the opposite direction is detected with interruptions. The echoes 302 The central bus bars form approximately parallel lines in the diagram.

If the vehicle is overtaken by the other vehicles, these are located between the middle plank and the vehicle. Therefore, the central busbar is hidden and can not be detected. The overtaking vehicles are called echoes 302 shown at a lower distance.

5 shows a representation of sensed on wet motorway sensor data 108 according to an embodiment. The representation of the sensor data 108 corresponds essentially to the illustration in 4 , Here, the vehicle briefly drove on the wet highway at 160 km / h and then reduced its speed to about 120 km / h. The increased speed results in an increased noise level 300 , Also with the with 4 comparable speed of 120 km / h has the noise level 300 increased due to the wet road surface. This increase is recognized in the approach presented here.

If the vehicle is overtaken by other vehicles, the noise level on wet roads increases by up to 13 dB. The overtaking vehicles are again as echoes 302 shown at a short distance. The central busbar, however, is due to the increased noise levels 300 no longer recorded.

6 shows a representation of sensed when passing through a pool of water sensor data 108 according to an embodiment. The representation of the sensor data 108 corresponds essentially to the representations in the 4 and 5 , Here the vehicle drove at around 100 km / h through the water basin. The vehicle has lost ground contact for a short time due to aquaplaning. When driving through the water basin, the noise level increases 300 abruptly by up to 23 dB. After the pool sinks the noise level 300 again at about the same level as in front of the pool.

Finally, it should be noted that terms such as "comprising," "comprising," etc., do not exclude other elements or steps, and terms such as "a" or "an" do not exclude a multitude. Reference signs in the claims are not to be considered as limiting.

Claims (15)

A method for detecting a road condition in the region of a vehicle (100) using sensor data (108) of an acoustic sensor system (104) of the vehicle (100), characterized in that in a step of evaluating a in the sensor data (108) as a disturbance mapped noise level (300) is evaluated to detect a current road condition, wherein a current value of the noise level (300) using at least one Road condition assigned expected value is evaluated. Method according to Claim 1 in which, in the step of evaluating, a dry state is recognized as the current road state, when the current value of the noise level (300) is less than a wet value, a wet state is detected as the current road state when the current value is greater than the wet value, a wet state is recognized as the current road condition when the current value is greater than a wet value, and / or an aquaplaning state is detected as the current road condition, if the current value is greater than an aquaplaning value, wherein in particular when detected wet condition above a speed limit warning of aquaplaning danger provided becomes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a setting step in which a maximum speed value representing a maximum permissible speed for the vehicle (100) and / or a distance value representing a minimum permissible distance to a preceding vehicle is set using the currently recognized road condition , Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which, in the step of evaluating the roadway condition, a water level in the region of the vehicle (100) is recognized, different water levels being assigned different expected values. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the step of evaluating the noise level (300) is evaluated in a narrowband frequency range, wherein the noise level (300) is evaluated in particular in an ultrasound spectrum. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which, in the step of the evaluation, the noise level (300) is further evaluated using a speed value representing a current speed of the vehicle (100) and / or a wind information representing a current wind vector. Method according to one of the preceding claims, in which noise levels (300) detected in the step of evaluating different sensors of the sensor system (104) are evaluated separately. Method according to Claim 7 in which, in the step of evaluating, noise levels (300) of sensors of the sensor system (104) installed symmetrically on the vehicle (100) are evaluated. Method according to one of Claims 7 to 8th in that, in the step of evaluating for detecting different road conditions, different noise levels (300) of sensors of the sensor system (104) installed at different positions on the vehicle (100) are used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the step of evaluating the noise level (300) is further evaluated using a distance information representing a distance of the vehicle to at least one object and a sound reflection property and / or a sound emission property of the object. Method according to Claim 10 in which, in the step of evaluating for calculating the acoustic emission property of the object, an absolute velocity of the object and / or a velocity value representing a current velocity of the vehicle (100) is used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a step of providing, in which a lane state information (112) representing the current lane state and a position information (118) representing a current position of the vehicle (100) for a higher-level information network (200) are provided and / or road state information (112) representing the current road state information is provided by the parent information network (200) for expected future positions of the vehicle (100). Device (102) for recognizing a road condition, wherein the device (102) is designed to execute, implement and / or control the method according to one of the preceding claims in corresponding devices. Computer program product adapted to perform the method according to any one of Claims 1 to 12 execute, implement and / or control. Machine readable storage medium carrying the computer program product according to Claim 14 is stored.

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