DE10261657A1 - Arrangement for 2D or 3D representation has second mode in which light from radiation plane between filter array and image reproduction device passes through reproduction device but not filter array - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has an image reproduction device, a plane wavelength filter array and an illumination device with at least two modes. In one mode light from a first source behind the filter array passes through the array and reproduction device so the scene appears in 3D. In a second mode light from the radiation plane of a second source between the filter array and reproduction device passes through the reproduction device but not the array. The arrangement has an image reproduction device (1) with transparent image display elements in a raster, a plane wavelength filter array (3) with elements that are transparent and elements that are opaque for certain wavelengths and an illumination device with at least two modes. In one mode light from a first source (2) behind the filter array passes through the array and reproduction device so the scene appears in 3D. In a second mode light from the radiation plane of a second source (4) between the filter array and image reproduction device passes through the image reproduction device but not the filter array.

Description

The invention relates to a Arrangement for two- or three-dimensional representation.

Many autostereoscopic imaging processes is based on the principle of several different perspective views of the object or the scene at the same time, by appropriate measures each eye of a viewer, however, only a selection of these Make perspective views visible separately. This creates a parallactic effect that gives the viewer a spatial Perception with clear depth gradation allowed.

For the optical reproduction of the perspective views of an object in autostereoscopic representation are under other electronically controllable color LC displays used when activated in the conventional Way are also suitable for two-dimensional image reproduction. In many applications there is a lot of interest remember to switch from the spatial autostereoscopic Representation (which in the following due to the strong spatial impression is also referred to as a three-dimensional representation) in a two-dimensional Display the same scene or object to be able to. This is especially for the legibility of texts relevant because the image quality in the two-dimensional mode better due to the higher image resolution is.

With regard to such a switchover from A number of arrangements are known from 2D to 3D and vice versa.

For example, WO describes 02/35277 a 3D display with a substrate, which strips first optical properties and intermediate strips second contains optical properties and a polarizer. In order to among other things, the 2D / 3D switching achieved by polarization rotation or adding / deleting a polarizer.

In the US 6,157,424 A 2D / 3D display is described in which two LC displays are connected in series and one of them serves as a switchable barrier.

Also teaches a 2D / 3D switchable display US 6,337,721 , Several light sources, a lenticular and a functionally essential lens are provided. These components ensure different lighting modes to achieve a 2D or 3D representation.

From the US 5,897,184 is known an autostereoscopic display with reduced-thickness lighting component for portable computer systems that allows zone-by-zone switching from 3D to 2D and vice versa. The disadvantage here is that it is a two-channel 3D display for only one viewer, who must also be in a fixed viewing position. Furthermore, the image brightness in 3D mode is lower than that of comparable two-channel 3D displays (what is meant are those 3D displays that show exactly one left and exactly one right image). In addition, strong and disruptive moiré effects can be perceived when the viewing positions are not correctly selected in depth in front of the 3D display.

Furthermore describes the US 5,500,765 how the effect of a lenticular can be canceled by folding a complementary lens arrangement over it. This virtually turns off the 3D display. This approach initially only works with lenticular systems and also requires the production of an exactly complementary lens arrangement.

In the DE 100 53 868 C2 An arrangement for optional 2D or 3D display is described to the applicant. In this case, two light sources are provided, the 3D lighting always being switched off for the 2D representation or the partial 2D representation, or the light emitted by it being blocked.

Based on this state of the art the invention has for its object the switchability of the input mentioned arrangement between a 3D operation and a 2D operation to simplify and image quality, especially in 3D mode, to improve. Furthermore, the image quality in 2D mode should be that of conventional 2D monitors are essentially second to none. For 2D mode in particular a contrast of almost zero for the appropriate lighting can be achieved.

The 3D mode should be designed in this way be that several Viewers can see a spatial image without tools. The order should be dimensionable so that there is enough space for the component for 2D / 3D switching is available.

This object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement for displaying images of a scene or an object, with an image display device comprising a multiplicity of translucent image elements arranged in a grid of rows and / or columns, on which image information from several perspective views of the scene or the object can be represented, with a plane wavelength filter array arranged downstream in the viewing direction of a viewer of the image display device, which consists of a plurality of filter elements arranged in rows and / or columns, some of which are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges and the rest of which are opaque, with one Controllable lighting device comprising at least two operating modes, wherein in a first loading Operating mode from a first illumination source arranged behind the wavelength filter array, light reaches the viewer through at least part of the translucent filter elements and subsequently through an assigned part of the picture elements of the image display device, so that the scene or the object can be perceived three-dimensionally by the viewer, characterized in that in a second operating mode additionally from a second illumination source, which has a radiation plane arranged between the wavelength filter array and the image reproduction device and essentially parallel to the wavelength filter array, light from this radiation plane passes through the picture elements of the picture reproduction device, but not through the filter elements of the wavelength filter array to the viewer, so that the scene or the object is at least partially perceptible to the viewer in two dimensions, only such areas in the Radiation level of the second illumination source are provided for light emission, which are substantially congruent with the areas occupied by opaque filter elements when projected along the plane normal to the wavelength filter array.

For the purpose of 2D representation So in the second mode of operation an additional light source (the second Illumination source) turned on, essentially at the points Light emits the areas occupied by opaque filter elements on the wavelength filter array correspond.

A first advantageous embodiment the invention is characterized in that as the second source of illumination one as plate-shaped A light guide designed as a plan lighting source is provided, the light guide with two opposite large surfaces and all around narrow surfaces is formed and that facing away from the image display device Large area of Radiation level corresponds, and the light guide of one or more laterally arranged light sources is fed, the light via a or more of the narrow areas is coupled into the light guide, there partly by total reflection on the large areas and is reflected here and partly in the one corresponding to the radiation level Large area decoupled becomes.

The wavelength filter array is for example applied to the large area corresponding to the radiation level.

It can also be provided that that of the radiation level corresponding large area in the areas intended for radiation with a total reflection disturbing Coating is provided from particles. This is preferred Interference of the Particles over the extent of the radiation plane between two limit values inhomogeneous, the limits of the particle density in the coating dependent are.

The interference of the particles can also essentially in each of the coated areas be constant.

In a further advantageous embodiment two facing each other in parallel narrow surfaces provided for light coupling, and the interference of the coated areas is with increasing intervals x1, x2 in strip-shaped surface sections aligned parallel to the narrow surfaces progressively trained up to a common maximum.

In contrast, another embodiment provides that this Interference of the Particles both in each of the areas and over the extent of the radiation plane is substantially homogeneous.

For this purpose, two are preferably one another opposite in the vertical direction narrow surfaces provided for light coupling. In selected areas of the wavelength filter array, each comprising one or more lines, do not overlap each other and in their entirety cover the wavelength filter array completely, is the relationship of the area of filter elements that are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges occupied areas to those of opaque Filter elements occupied surface areas depending on each of the maximum achievable luminance in those surface sections specified in the radiation plane of the plan lighting source when projected along the surface normal a selected area of the wavelength filter array correspond.

In this context, the Filter structure (line by line) to the respective conditions adapted in the light guide: With constant interference the decoupling particle is usually on the edge of the is called near the narrow surfaces for light coupling, assets to achieve a relatively high luminance for the second illumination source, that decreases towards the middle. To compensate for this drop in luminance is now the relationship of the area that of in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent Filter elements occupied surface areas to those of opaque Filter elements occupied surface areas related to those covered with opaque filter elements surface areas selected smaller on the edge towards the coupling narrow surfaces than approximately in the middle of the second lighting source. essential to function light is thereby amplified in the middle of the light guide due to the particles decoupled from the light guide as on the edge. Compensated overall this fact the property of the light guide, especially near the coupling surfaces emit a lot of light, straight. As a result, the second lighting source acts in the essentially as a homogeneous light source.

The said ratio of opaque to in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent filter elements would be 7 to 1, for example, on the edge of the narrow surfaces that serve to couple the light. Assume that in the middle of the second lighting source (between the two narrow surfaces, by which light is coupled in) the luminance that can be achieved with said second lighting source, ie the plan lighting source, is somewhat smaller compared to that previously considered at the edge. Then the said ratio of opaque to transparent filter elements in predetermined wavelength ranges would be, for example, 10 to 1, so that due to the larger particle areas or the larger number of particles - which are arranged on the surface sections provided with opaque filter elements - more light is coupled out, so that overall an approximately homogeneous luminance distribution is achieved by means of the second illumination source. Of course, there are also others between the surface sections with the above-described ratios of 7 to 1 or 10 to 1, for example ratios of 8 to 1 and 9 to 1 or else non-integer numbers.

It remains to be noted that due to the thus influenced Wavelength filter array the perceived 3D impression is also influenced; this is particular due to the fact that the monocular Visible selection of views and in particular the relative proportion the image information from different views through said ratio described above is directly influenced.

Furthermore, the total reflection disturbing Coating another, essentially absorbing the light Be applied top layer.

The previously described are advantageous Arrangements according to the invention Moreover characterized in that the Lighting device with a controller for the first lighting source Generation of a luminance gradient with respect to the plane of the wavelength filter array is provided.

Inhomogeneities of the Brightness of the second lighting source can be compensated, which shortcomings in terms of homogeneity the perceived brightness of the 2D image in the second operating mode be balanced. The luminance gradient can also be in the first Lighting source for the homogenization of the luminance in 3D mode, i.e. in the first Operating mode, serve.

An example is in the lighting device a discharge lamp with a plan as the first source of illumination, parallel to the wavelength filter array cover glass on the the wavelength filter array facing side provided. Depending on the design of the first lighting source with a discharge lamp can also be switched via a appropriate control of the aforementioned luminance gradient is achieved become. There is a coating on the inside of the cover glass applied with fluorescent.

The coating is advantageous here with phosphor only applied in areas where projection along the plane normal to the wavelength filter array essentially congruent with the filter elements that are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges occupied areas. This ensures that everything light emitted by the phosphor essentially does not pass through opaque Filter element is absorbed or blocked, but rather the image display device on the back illuminated.

It is beneficial if the wavelength filter array to the outside of the cover glass is applied.

It can also be provided that by means of optical Elements in the second mode are part of the light of the first Illumination source decoupled and into the second illumination source is coupled again, this part by the ratio of of in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent Filter elements occupied surface areas to those of opaque Filter elements occupied surface areas in the wavelength filter array is set. In this context, suitable for decoupling and coupling in particular light guides and / or reflective elements.

moreover can be an optical between the first and second lighting source effective material, preferably a filter plate or a thin film with prismatic microstructure, be arranged, whereby Light of the first illumination source with angles of incidence greater than the (critical) angle of the total reflection of the second illumination source essentially does not get into the second illumination source. A filter plate with a filter array several millimeters thick for the vignetting of the light rays it is preferable to use it here. The order of magnitude The thickness of the filter layer corresponds approximately to the order of magnitude of the translucent filter elements.

Another embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention stipulates that as second lighting source a plurality of individually controllable, light-emitting light sources in the direction of the image display device are provided, which are also opaque filter elements in the wavelength filter array are trained.

As light sources can be in this context, for example, light-emitting, essentially flat polymer layers may be provided.

The object of the invention is also achieved by an arrangement for displaying images of a scene or an object, with an image display device comprising a multiplicity of translucent image elements, on which image information can be represented from several perspective views of the scene or the object, with an observer in the viewing direction the image reproduction device downstream array, which contains a plurality of arranged in rows and / or columns, individually controllable and provided in predetermined wavelength ranges for light emission, in a first operating mode light is only emitted from those illumination sources, of which light is assigned by a respective illumination source Part of the image elements of the image display device reaches the viewer so that the image is reproduced three-dimensionally, and in a second operating mode light is additionally emitted from at least a further part of the illumination sources, from which light reaches the viewer without special assignment through image elements of the image display device, so that the image is at least partially reproduced in two dimensions.

As lighting sources here essentially planar, light-emitting polymer layers are provided his. In contrast, is it also possible to use a liquid crystal display as lighting device.

The invention will follow Hand drawing closer explained. It usually shows - not to scale -

1 a general schematic diagram of arrangements according to the invention,

2 an exemplary wavelength filter array for use in arrangements according to the invention (detail view),

3 an image combination rule for displaying image information of different (here 9) views on the image display device (detail view),

4 a monocular view based on the circumstances 2 and 3 .

5 another exemplary wavelength filter array for use in arrangements according to the invention (detail view),

6 a further image combination rule for displaying image information of different (here 8) views on the image display device (detail view),

7 a monocular view based on the circumstances 5 and 6 .

8th 2 shows a schematic illustration of the interaction of the first and the second illumination source for the purpose of homogeneous illumination of the image display device,

9 another exemplary wavelength filter array for use in arrangements according to the invention (detail view),

10 a further image combination rule for displaying image information of different (here 11) views on the image display device (detail view),

11 a monocular view based on the circumstances 10 and 11 .

12 another exemplary wavelength filter array for use in arrangements according to the invention (detail view),

13 a further image combination specification for displaying image information of different (here 9) views on the image display device (detail representation),

14 a monocular view based on the circumstances 12 and 13 .

15 a special embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention in which light from the first illumination source with angles of incidence greater than the angle of total reflection of the second illumination source essentially does not reach the second illumination source, and

16 and 17 further exemplary wavelength filter arrays for use in arrangements according to the invention (detail representations).

The 1 shows a general schematic diagram of an arrangement according to the invention for displaying images of a scene or an object, with an image display device ( 1 ) from a multiplicity of translucent image elements arranged in a grid of rows and / or columns, on which image information can be represented from several perspective views of the scene or the object, with one in the viewing direction of an observer ( 8th ) the image display device ( 1 ) downstream, flat wavelength filter array ( 3 ), which consists of a plurality of filter elements arranged in rows and / or columns, some of which are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges and the rest of which are opaque, with a controllable lighting device comprising at least two operating modes, in a first operating mode of one behind the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) arranged first illumination source ( 2 ) Light through at least part of the translucent filter elements and subsequently through an assigned part of the picture elements of the picture display device ( 1 ) through to the viewer ( 8th ) so that the scene or the object for the viewer ( 8th ) can be perceived three-dimensionally, characterized in that, in a second operating mode, additionally from a second lighting source ( 4 ) which is a between wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and image display device ( 1 ) arranged to the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) has essentially a parallel radiation plane, light emanating from this radiation plane through the picture elements of the image display device ( 1 ), but not through the filter elements of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) through to the viewer ( 8th ) arrives, so that the scene or the Ge object for the viewer ( 8th ) is at least partially perceptible in two dimensions, only such areas in the radiation plane of the second illumination source ( 4 ) are provided for light radiation, which are projected along the plane normal to the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) are essentially congruent with the areas occupied by opaque filter elements.

The wavelength filter array ( 3 ) have, for example, a thickness of a few 10 μm to a few millimeters; it is in 1 only shown thick for the sake of clarity.

For the purpose of 2D representation, an additional light source (second illumination source ( 4 )) switched on, which essentially emits light at the points, the areas occupied by the opaque filter elements on the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) correspond.

The arrangement is advantageously designed such that the second illumination source ( 4 ) a plan lighting source designed as a plate-shaped light guide is provided, the light guide being designed with two opposite large surfaces and circumferential narrow surfaces, and that of the image display device ( 1 ) corresponds to the large surface facing away from the radiation plane, and the light guide from one or more laterally arranged light sources ( 5 ) with additional reflectors ( 6 ) can be fed. Here, the light is coupled into the light guide via one or more of the narrow surfaces, is partially reflected back and forth there by total reflection, and is partly coupled out in the large surface corresponding to the radiation plane. The large area of the light guide, which has direct contact with the interfering particles, is to be regarded as the radiation level, since here the corresponding disruption of the light propagation directions in the light guide takes place for the purpose of final light decoupling (on the other large area of the light guide).

The wavelength filter array ( 3 ) is applied here to the large area of the light guide corresponding to the radiation level.

It is also provided that the Corresponding large area in the areas intended for radiation with a total reflection disturbing Coating is provided from particles. The particle's immunity is both in each of the areas as well the extent of the radiation plane is essentially homogeneous. As already mentioned, the particles are preferably on the opaque areas of the filter array and at the same time also provided on said large area.

Furthermore, two narrow surfaces of the light guide lying opposite one another in parallel are provided for coupling in light, as is shown in FIG 1 through the two light sources ( 5 ) is indicated.

The filter array ( 3 ) can for example have one of the structures as shown in the DE 201 21 318.4 are described. Furthermore, the image combinations for the respective filter arrays, each of which is presented in said font, are preferably used.

With respect to the 2 to 4 A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below.

In this example, selected areas of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ), each comprising one or more lines, do not overlap each other and in their entirety the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) cover completely, the ratio of the area of the surface areas occupied by filter elements that are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges to the surface areas occupied by opaque filter elements, each as a function of the maximum achievable luminance in those surface sections in the radiation plane of the plan illumination source, which are one when projected along the surface normal correspond to the selected range of the wavelength filter array. For a better understanding, it should be noted here that the interfering particles which are jointly responsible for the light decoupling are provided directly on the opaque filter elements, as indicated above. In the 2 Surface areas shown in black do not necessarily appear black to the naked eye when illuminated, but in the color of the interfering particles - this is preferably white.

Regarding 2 for example, the first five rows of the filter array ( 3 ), which is not shown to scale and greatly enlarged, implements a ratio of 7 opaque filter elements to 1 a transparent, ie in a certain wavelength range (here: VIS range) transparent filter element. Assuming that the narrow sides of the light guide for the light coupling are oriented horizontally and are - in the drawing plane - above and below the filter surface, most of the light would be coupled out of the same at the upper and lower edge of the light guide and it would be compared there, for example with the middle of the filter surface and thus also the light guide, a relatively high luminance of the light coupled out of the light guide can be achieved.

In order to compensate for this drop in luminance from the edge to the center, the ratio of the area of the surface areas occupied by filter elements that are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges to the surface areas occupied by opaque filter elements with respect to the surface areas occupied by opaque filter elements on the edge to the coupling-in narrow surfaces is chosen to be smaller than, for example in the middle of the second lighting source ( 4 ), like this also in 2 can be seen. Funktionswesent Due to the larger areas of interfering particles, light is coupled out of the light guide in the middle more than at the edge. Overall, this fact compensates for the property of the light guide to emit a particularly large amount of light near the coupling surfaces. As a result, the second lighting source acts as a homogeneous light source. To 2 is in the middle of the light guide and thus the filter array ( 3 ) the said ratio of opaque to filter elements which are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges, for example 10 to 1, so that due to the larger particle areas or the larger number of particles - which are arranged on the surface sections provided with opaque filter elements - more light is coupled out, so that overall an approximately homogeneous luminance distribution is achieved by means of the second illumination source. Of course, other ratios of 8 to 1 and 9 to 1 are also provided between the surface sections with the ratios of 7 to 10 and 1 to 10, respectively.

The 3 shows an exemplary image combination for image information from several views. This takes into account that the arrangement of the image information must be changed due to the affected wavelength filter array structure. Each box corresponds to a pixel of the image display device ( 1 ); columns R, G, B are examples of the red, green and blue sub-pixels of an LCD image display device ( 1 ). The numbers in the boxes represent the view from which the image information comes at the respective position. The drawing is not to scale and greatly enlarged. While in 3 on the top lines 8th Views, there are 9 views below. The bold two lines correspond to transition lines, which guarantee the transition from 8 to 9 views.

4 shows in a monocular view from a viewing position taking into account the 2 and 3 described circumstances. Of course, this visual example shows only a section, more precisely that in 2 With ( 9 ) marked lines of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ).

It is therefore easy to understand that because of the wavelength filter array (see above) 3 ) the perceived 3D impression is also influenced; This is due in particular to the fact that the monocularly visible selection of views and in particular the relative proportion of the image information from different views is due to the above-described ratio of the areas on the filter array ( 3 ) is directly influenced.

Furthermore - for the excellent opacity of the opaque filter elements - on the disturbing the total reflection Coating another, essentially absorbing the light Top layer applied.

To illustrate a further example of the configuration by varying the ratio of regions with opaque filter elements to regions with filter elements that are translucent in certain wavelength ranges, reference is made to the following 5 to 8th Referred.

5 shows - again not to scale and greatly enlarged - a further wavelength filter array structure for which the ratio of opaque to translucent filter elements - and thus also the proportion of interfering particles for coupling out light from the light guide - increases from the upper and lower edge towards the common center. This also achieves the advantageous effect described above that, due to the increased coupling rate in the center of the light guide, essentially homogeneous light radiation is achieved from the latter. As for 2 the argument that the filter elements shown in black are in principle the color of the interfering particles from the side facing the light guide, preferably white, also applies here. However, if they are not exposed to light from the second illumination source - here the light guide - they actually appear black or essentially do not emit any light, as in FIG 5 shown. This is important for the first operating mode, the 3D mode.

In 6 is an example of the filter array after S to see a suitable image combination, which leads to a spatial impression in 3D mode (first operating mode). Here, too, the columns R, G, B stand for the color sub-pixel columns of the colors red, green and blue. So the in 7 shown exemplary monocular view possible. The viewer eye at the corresponding position therefore mainly sees view 2, but also to a lesser extent views 1 and 3. If the corresponding viewer eye saw, for example, a mixture of, for example, views 5 and slightly 4 and 6 (not shown in the drawing), then this viewer perceives a spatial image.

This also shows that the structure of the filter array ( 3 ) influencing ratio of opaque to translucent filter elements (and thus the area ratio of the interfering particles to the areas that do not have them) has a direct and inseparable influence on the perceived 3D image.

In order to switch to the second operating mode, 2D mode, for example, the second lighting source ( 4 ) in addition to the first lighting source ( 2 ) switched on. In the example chosen here, the lamps ( 5 ) switched on, the light of which is coupled into the light guide. Due to the light decoupling influenced as described above, the light guide now essentially homogeneously emitted light from the light guide. The areas not provided with interfering particles on the corresponding large area of the second plan lighting source ( 4 ), ie the light guide, correspond to the surfaces on which there are translucent filter elements in certain wavelength ranges. For example, these are essentially translucent, ie transparent, filter elements for the complete visible spectrum 5 are drawn in white. In the second operating mode, light from the first illumination source ( 2 ) so that the light of the first ( 2 ) and the light from the second illumination source ( 4 ) supplemented essentially homogeneously in this second operating mode. There is practically a very low contrast in the for the image display device ( 1 ) summary lighting from first and second lighting source ( 2 . 4 ) achieved. Said contrast is close to 0. This is in 8th hinted that the boundaries of the two lighting sources ( 2 . 4 ) originating light are shown. The white representation of the surfaces is intended to symbolize the light radiation.

8th accordingly shows a schematic representation of the interaction of the first and the second illumination source ( 2 . 4 ) for the purpose of homogeneous illumination of the image display device ( 1 ). In other words, the first source of illumination ( 2 ) corresponds to the interaction with the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) the 3D lighting of the image display device ( 1 ) while the second source of illumination ( 4 ) has the function of a 2D additional lighting, since for 2D mode it is in addition to 3D lighting, ie the first lighting source ( 2 ), is switched on.

Of course, the image content on the image display device ( 1 ) also be a two-dimensional one for the second operating mode. This 2D image content is then perceived two-dimensionally in the usual way.

The lighting device with a controller for the first lighting source is advantageous ( 2 ) to generate a luminance gradient with respect to the plane of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) Mistake.

If necessary, non-uniformities in the brightness of the second illumination source ( 4 ) are compensated for, which compensates for shortcomings in the homogeneity of the perceived brightness of the 2D image in the second operating mode. The luminance gradient in the first illumination source ( 2 ) for the homogenization of the luminance in 3D mode, ie in the first operating mode.

In this example, the first illumination source ( 2 ) a discharge lamp with a flat, to the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) parallel cover glass on the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) provided side. Depending on the design of the first lighting source ( 2 ) With a discharge lamp, the aforementioned luminance gradient can thus optionally be switched on by means of a corresponding control. A coating with phosphor is applied to the inside of the cover glass.

The coating with phosphor is advantageously applied only in areas which are projected along the plane normal onto the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) are essentially congruent with the areas occupied by filter elements which are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges. This ensures that all of the light emitted by the phosphor is essentially not absorbed by opaque filter elements, but rather the image display device ( 1 ) illuminated on the back.

It is advantageous if the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) is applied to the outside of the cover glass.

Further exemplary configurations are in the 9 to 11 or in the 12 to 14 specified, here in the figurative sense the description of each 5 to 7 is valid as it were and should therefore not be repeated here.

As a special feature of the filter array mentioned above, however, it should also be noted that the width or, in the case of filter elements of the same size, the number of filter elements which are translucent in certain wavelength ranges varies from line to line. On the one hand, this gives the 3D impression and, on the other hand, the light output due to the changed structure of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and thus affects the arrangement of the interfering particles. In particular, such configurations also allow the distance between the filter array ( 3 ) and image display device ( 1 ), which eliminates the need to use thin light guides.

In a further development of the exemplary embodiment described so far, between the first ( 2 ) and second lighting source ( 4 ) an optically active material, preferably a filter plate, is arranged, as a result of which light from the first illumination source ( 2 ) with angles of incidence greater than the angle of total reflection of the second illumination source ( 4 ) essentially not into the second lighting source ( 4 ) arrives. This fact is in 15 shown schematically. In practice, the filter plate corresponds to the wavelength filter array ( 3 ), which is several millimeters (eg 4 mm) thick. As a result, the vignetting of the light beams is achieved in the aforementioned manner: light from the first illumination source ( 2 ) with angles of incidence greater than the angle of total reflection of the second illumination source ( 4 ) essentially does not get into the second lighting source ( 4 ), ie the light guide. The magnitude of the thickness of the filter plate or the wavelength filter array forming it ( 3 ) corresponds the dimensions of the translucent filter elements on the filter array ( 3 ).

As in 15 shown is prevented by said vignetting that from the first illumination source ( 2 ) Light rays with angles of incidence greater than the critical angle of total reflection of the second illumination source ( 4 ) penetrate them. Frauds for the light guide used, which is the second source of illumination ( 4 ), the critical angle of total reflection, for example, 41 °, would be the in 15 Light rays shown in dashed lines ( 13 ) with angles of γ '> 41 ° due to said vignetting, do not penetrate the light guide. On the other hand, the light rays drawn in solid lines ( 11 . 12 ) in the light guide. In particular, the light beam ( 12 ) at an angle γ into the light guide or on the image display device ( 1 ) face large area that is less than or equal to the critical angle of total reflection (here, for example, 41 °).

The benefit of preventing light rays from entering the first illumination source ( 2 ), above the critical angle of the total reflection in the light guide lies in particular in that interference reflections are avoided and thus the contrast in the second operating mode ( 2D ) is further improved. It is an auto contrast reduction.

Otherwise show the 16 and 17 schematically and not to scale, other conceivable designs of the filter arrays, in which the influencing of the light decoupling from the light guide (since there are interfering particles on the opaque filter elements) is functionally related to the influencing of the specification of the light propagation directions by the filter array structure. In the aforementioned examples 16 and 17 the width of the filter elements (here: transparent) which are translucent in certain wavelength ranges or the number (if these are always approximately the same size) varies from line to line. While the resulting transparent filter areas are narrower at the top and bottom, they increase towards a common maximum. In terms of the functioning of the arrangement described here, it is possible, among other things, to avoid the need to create a suitable luminance gradient of the first lighting source ( 2 ), since the uniformity of the from the first lighting source ( 2 ) originating and through the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) passing light rays with regard to their measurable luminance on the image display device ( 1 ) facing side of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) is essentially guaranteed by this fact of the variation of the transparent filter sections.

When using the filter arrays ( 3 ) to 16 and 17 come for the image display device ( 1 ) advantageous picture combination structures in question, which each embody different periods of the views from line to line or from a group of lines to a next group of lines of picture elements. For example, in a first line 8th horizontally adjacent image elements image information of the views 1-8 Play in this order, whereupon this period from 1 to 8 is repeated (up to the edge of the screen). The next line or the next group of (for example 5) lines could be between four periods of views 1 to 8th another period of image information of the views 1 to 9 represent etc.

It is essential that due to the filter elements on the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) Light propagation directions for the image information shown there are always specified in such a way that a spatial impression is created for the viewer.

The invention offers the particular advantage that, in 2D mode, the image display device ( 1 ) is made possible, whose contrast goes to 0. Furthermore, the invention allows the creation of a tool-free 3D impression for several viewers in 3D mode at the same time.

It should be explicitly pointed out that of a person skilled in the art also the features disclosed in this application combined with each other in further variations not explicitly presented here can be. Such variations are included in the scope of this application.

Claims (22)

Arrangement for displaying images of a scene or an object, - with an image display device made up of a plurality of translucent image elements arranged in a grid of rows and / or columns, on which image information can be displayed from several perspective views of the scene or the object, - with one In the viewing direction of a viewer of the image display device, a flat wavelength filter array, which consists of a plurality of filter elements arranged in rows and / or columns, some of which are translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges and the rest of which are opaque - with at least two operating modes , controllable lighting device, wherein - in a first operating mode from a first lighting source arranged behind the wavelength filter array, light through at least part of the transparent filter elements and subsequently dur ch an assigned part of the picture elements of the picture display device reaches the viewer, so that the scene or the object is perceived three-dimensionally by the viewer bar, - characterized in that - in a second operating mode additionally from a second illumination source, which has a radiation plane arranged between the wavelength filter array and the image reproduction device and essentially parallel to the wavelength filter array, light emanating from this radiation level through the picture elements of the picture display device, but not through the Filter elements of the wavelength filter array pass through to the viewer, so that the scene or the object is at least partially perceptible to the viewer in two dimensions, with only those areas in the radiation plane of the second illumination source being provided for light emission which are projected along the plane normal onto the wavelength filter array in the are essentially congruent with the areas occupied by opaque filter elements. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that - second Illumination source designed as a plate-shaped light guide Plan lighting source is provided, - With the light guide two opposite each other Large areas and all around narrow surfaces is formed and that facing away from the image display device Large area of Radiation level corresponds, and - the light guide of one or several laterally arranged light sources are fed, - in which the light over one or more of the narrow surfaces is coupled into the light guide, there partly by total reflection on the large areas and is reflected here and partly in the one corresponding to the radiation level Large area decoupled becomes. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that this Wavelength filter array to which the large area corresponding to the radiation level is applied. Arrangement according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the the large area corresponding to the radiation level in the radiation area provided areas with a coating that disturbs the total reflection is provided from particles. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that this Interference of the Particles over the extent of the radiation plane between two limit values is inhomogeneous, the limits of the particle density in the Coating dependent are. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that this Interference of the Particles in each of the coated areas essentially stand alone is constant. Arrangement according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that two narrow surfaces lying opposite one another are provided for the coupling of light, and the interference power of the coated areas with increasing distances x ,, x ₂ in strip-shaped surface sections aligned parallel to the narrow surfaces progressively up to a common maximum is increasingly trained. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that this Interference of the Particles both in each of the areas and over the extent of the radiation plane is substantially homogeneous. Arrangement according to claim 8, characterized in that two opposite narrow surfaces in the vertical direction Light coupling are provided, and in selected areas of the wavelength filter array, each comprising one or more lines, do not overlap each other and in their entirety cover the wavelength filter array completely, The relationship of the area that of in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent Filter elements occupied surface areas to the opaque filter elements occupied areas depending on each of the maximum achievable luminance in those surface sections is specified in the radiation level of the plan lighting source, the one when projected along the surface normal so selected Range of the wavelength filter array correspond. Arrangement according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that that on that disturbs the total reflection Coating another, essentially absorbing the light Cover layer is applied. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the Lighting device with a controller for the first lighting source to generate a luminance gradient with respect to the plane of the wavelength filter array is provided. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that in a discharge lamp as the first illumination source with a plan to the wavelength filter array parallel cover glass on the the wavelength filter array facing side is provided, and on the inside of the cover glass a coating with phosphor is applied. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that the Coating with phosphor only in areas where projection along the plane normal to the wavelength filter array essentially congruent with those of in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent Areas covered by filter elements are applied. Arrangement according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that this Wavelength filter array to the outside of the cover glass is applied. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that by means of optical elements in the second mode of operation part of the light coupled out of the first illumination source and into the second illumination source is coupled again, this part by the ratio of of in predetermined wavelength ranges translucent Filter elements occupied surface areas to those of opaque Filter elements occupied surface areas in the wavelength filter array is set. Arrangement according to claim 15, characterized in that for Coupling and coupling light guide and / or reflective elements provided are. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that between the first and second illumination source, an optically effective material, preferred a filter plate or a thin one Foil with a prismatic microstructure is arranged, whereby Light of the first illumination source with angles of incidence greater than the angle of the total reflection of the second illumination source in essentially does not get into the second lighting source. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that as second lighting source a plurality of individually controllable, light-emitting light sources in the direction of the image display device are provided, which are also opaque filter elements in the wavelength filter array are trained. Arrangement according to claim 18, characterized in that as Light sources light-emitting, essentially flat polymer layers are provided. Arrangement for displaying pictures of a scene or an object, - With an image display device from a multitude of translucent Image elements on which image information from several perspective views of the Scene or object can be displayed, - with a in the direction of view of a viewer of the image display device subordinate array, which is a variety of in rows and / or Columns arranged, individually controllable and in predetermined Wavelength ranges contains lighting sources provided for light emission, wherein - in a first operating mode only emits light from such lighting sources is, of which light by one of a lighting source each assigned part of the picture elements of the picture display device through to the viewer, so that the image is three-dimensional takes place, and - in a second operating mode in addition light from at least another part of the illumination sources is emitted by the light without special assignment through picture elements reaches the viewer through the image display device, so that this Image is reproduced at least partially in two dimensions. Arrangement according to claim 20, characterized in that as Illumination sources essentially flat, light-emitting polymer layers are provided. Arrangement according to claim 21, characterized in that as Lighting device a liquid crystal display is provided.