CN1729702A - Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation - Google Patents

Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1729702A
CN1729702A CNA2003801071305A CN200380107130A CN1729702A CN 1729702 A CN1729702 A CN 1729702A CN A2003801071305 A CNA2003801071305 A CN A2003801071305A CN 200380107130 A CN200380107130 A CN 200380107130A CN 1729702 A CN1729702 A CN 1729702A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
filter array
working method
light
wavelength filter
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CNA2003801071305A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN1729702B (en
Inventor
W·茨肖普
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
X3D Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
X3D TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10317614A external-priority patent/DE10317614A1/en
Application filed by X3D TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd filed Critical X3D TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2003/014605 external-priority patent/WO2004057878A2/en
Publication of CN1729702A publication Critical patent/CN1729702A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1729702B publication Critical patent/CN1729702B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/324—Colour aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/317—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using slanted parallax optics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/356—Image reproducers having separate monoscopic and stereoscopic modes
    • H04N13/359—Switching between monoscopic and stereoscopic modes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation, comprising a pictorial reproduction device (1) that encompasses a plurality of translucent image elements on which image information can be represented from different perspectives, a wavelength filter array (3), an illumination device that operates in at least two modes and can be triggered. Light reaches the viewer (7) from a first source of illumination (2) that is disposed behind the wavelength filter array (3) through at least one portion of the translucent filter elements and then through an associated portion of the image elements of the pictorial reproduction device (1) in a first mode of operation such that the scene or the object can be seen in a three-dimensional manner by the viewer. Light is emitted by a second source of illumination (4) and reaches the viewer (7) through the image elements of the pictorial reproduction device (1) without passing through the filter elements of the wavelength filter array (3) in a second mode of operation such that the scene or the object can be seen at least in part in a two-dimensional manner by the viewer (7). The inventive arrangement also comprises means providing uniform illumination in the second mode of operation.

Description

The device that is used for two dimension or three-dimensional display
Invention field
The present invention relates to be used for the device of two dimension or three-dimensional display.
Prior art
Many automatic stereo display packings based on principle be, optics shows a plurality of different perspective views of object or scene simultaneously, yet can only see one that selects in these perspective views by adequate measures are feasible respectively dividually for every eyes of observer.Therefore produce a kind of parallax effect, it provides the observer to have the space perception of tangible degree of depth grade.
Show in the research process in field that at automatic stereo developed many method and apparatus, they make one or more observers that do not have aid obtain spatial impression.Yet these the device can only show usually limitedly general text or the two dimension figure, for example at US5,457,574 and US 5,606,455 in that's how things stand.Yet,, be very favorable so for this user if the user can change between three-dimensional display that need not glasses on the same equipment alternatively and two dimension high-resolution, that do not detracted as far as possible demonstration.
For optics in automatic stereo shows shows the perspective view of object, the color LCD that main use can the electronics mode be controlled, this color LCD also is suitable for two dimensional image and shows when controlling in a conventional manner.In many applicable cases, the space automatic stereo of same scene or same object can be shown that (because strong spatial impression, so below be also referred to as three-dimensional display) is converted to two dimension and shows it is to allow very much the people interested.This is especially relevant for the readability of text because picture quality under two-dimensional model because higher image resolution ratio and better.
From 2D to 3D or opposite conversion, a series of devices are disclosed about this.
Applicant's WO 01/56265 has described a kind of method that the space shows that is used for, and wherein at least one wavelength filter array is responsible for that relief demonstration can be arranged.In a kind of special expansion scheme of this invention, LCD works as the wavelength filter array with variable transmittance.Realized the conversion between 2D and 3D demonstration thus.Yet shortcoming wherein is, light must be by two LCD, promptly by many polarizing filters, colored filter, liquid crystal layer and other device, for example carrier substrates, so brightness not only is lowered in 2D shows but also in the 3D demonstration.
WO 02/35277 has described a kind of 3D display that has substrate, and it comprises the striped of first optical characteristics and the striped and the polariscope of therebetween second optical characteristics.Thus, 2D/3D conversion wherein realizes by polarization rotation or increase/removal polariscope.
At US 6,157, a kind of 2D/3D display has been described in 424, wherein two LCD are one another in series and one of them is as the grating that can connect.
Similarly, at US 6,337, the convertible display of a kind of 2D/3D is disclosed in 721.Wherein be provided with a plurality of light sources, a biconvex lens and the figure of confusion that function is important.These devices guarantee different light illumination modes so that realize 2D respectively or the 3D demonstration.
At US 5,897, a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device that is used for illumination component portable computer, that thickness is reduced that has is disclosed in 184, its allows ground, region-by-region to switch to 2D or switch on the contrary from 3D.Wherein shortcoming is, it is only to be the binary channels 3D display that an observer is provided with, and this observer also must be positioned on the fixing observation place.In addition, the more comparable binary channels 3D of the image brightness in the 3D pattern shows dark (meaning is meant that these 3D show that it accurately shows the image on a left side and the image that accurately shows a right).In addition, on the observation place of selecting improperly on the distance in 3D display the place ahead, can see serious and the mole effect (Moir é) of interfering.In the 2D pattern, for the 3D pattern can with light be scattered separate so that eliminate 3D rendering by the homogenizing of illumination.Therefore, but in the device of the figure of confusion, in the 2D pattern, only realize than image brightness low in the 3D pattern, because the diffusive condition of these figures of confusion has the transmittance less than 1 with switch.In addition, this equipment only can spend with high production technology and make.
In addition, US 5,500, and 765 have described the effect of biconvex lens how owing to the lens devices of stack complementation thereon is eliminated.In this way, 3D is presented to a certain extent and is turned off.This method at first only together works with lens combination, and requires to make accurately complementary lens devices.
In applicant's DE 100 53 868 C2, described and be used for optional 2D or 3D device shown.Be provided with two light sources at this, wherein show for 2D or the 2D of part shows, the 3D illumination is turn-offed always or is blocked by the light of its emission.Shortcoming at this is that it is enough even that the 2D illumination light can't become aspect brightness.When the commercial general optical conductor of this external use threw light on as 2D, its macroscopical structure was visible for observer's () and produces interference figure usually.Yet visually sightless microstructure is effort and expensive on making.
Invention is described
From prior art, the present invention based on task be, simplify the mentioned convertibility of device between 3D working method and 2D working method of article beginning and improve the particularly picture quality in the 3D working method, however wherein in this 3D working method at least one preferably a plurality of observer need not aid and just can see stereo-picture.In addition, the picture quality in 2 D working methods basically should be inferior to the picture quality of traditional 2D monitor, and promptly it should be able to show bright, complete distinguishable image for observer's ().Alternatively, in the 2D working method, should reach than image brightness higher in the 3D working method.For the 2D working method, should realize especially throwing light on as far as possible uniformly, promptly for corresponding illumination, obtain almost nil contrast.This device should come to determine size like this, makes to have enough positions for the element that is used for the 2D/3D conversion, and in addition, it should as much as possible be realized with commercial general parts.
According to the present invention, this task solves by the device according to the characteristic of the preamble of claim 1 and claim 1.
Therefore, for 2D shows, in second working method, connect second light source.Be provided with in addition be used for second working method as one man, promptly as far as possible equably the illumination.
For example can use the transparent panel of making by fluorescent material as second light source.This transparent panel is by for example being shone from the side, and be energized so that fluoresce by vertically arranged, thin, shaft-like fluorescent lamp.
In a kind of favourable expansion scheme of the present invention, setting is constructed to the flat illumination source of tabular optical conductor as second light source, wherein this optical conductor be configured to have two big surfaces in opposition to each other and around narrow surface, and back to and/or over against the big surface of image display corresponding to one or more planes of departure, and light is supplied with optical conductor by one or more light sources that are arranged in the side, wherein light one or more couplings in narrow surface are input in the optical conductor, in optical conductor partly by come up on big surface back reflective and partly in corresponding to the big surface of a plane of departure or in those the big surfaces corresponding to a plurality of emitting surfaces, be coupled output of total reflection.
Of the present invention a kind of preferred, can in second working method, realize in the expansion scheme of uniform and bright illumination, in second working method, except second light source, also connect first light source, only the big surface back to image display is set to the plane of departure, and for illumination equably, in the plane of departure, only be provided with these zones, when projecting on the wavelength filter array along plane normal these zones basically with regional alignment by lighttight filter element covered.Like this, second light source is launched light basically on these positions, these positions corresponding on the wavelength filter array by zone that lighttight filter element covered.
Advantageously, but two light sources are constructed to deepening, i.e. its brightness can be complementary with ambient brightness.
Wavelength filter array for example is positioned on the big surface corresponding to the plane of departure.At this, all that " array " can be interpreted as filter element clocklike arrange, promptly lattice-shaped is arranged and ribbon arranges that wherein band can vertically extend, also can big deviation be arranged, as long as in first working method, can also carry out three dimensional viewing with vertical direction.In addition, except (in visible range) printing opacity and lighttight filter element, can certainly use gray scale filter element and Polarization filter filter equivalently.
In addition, can also stipulate, in being set for the zone of emission, be equipped with the structure of interference total reflection corresponding to the big surface of the plane of departure.This structure example is as being made up of particulate.At this preferably, the interference ability of particulate is being uneven between two boundary values in the extension of the plane of departure, and wherein boundary value depends on the density of particle in the coating.In addition, the interference ability of particulate can be constant in each coated zone basically.
In another favourable expansion scheme, two relative narrow surfaces that are parallel to each other are set, being used for optical coupling input, and the interference ability in coated zone along with distance * 1, * 2 continuous increase improves in surface section that aim at abreast with narrow surface, banded (Flaechenabschnitten) gradually, until a common maximum.
On the contrary, in another expansion scheme, the interference ability of particulate all is uniform basically in each zone but also in the extension of the plane of departure not only.For this reason, two narrow surfaces respect to one another in vertical direction are set preferably, are used for the optical coupling input.Comprise respectively one or multirow or/and row, mutually overlapping and cover wavelength filter array on the whole fully, in the selected zone of wavelength filter array, stipulate that by maximum accessible brightness in these surface section that depend on respectively at the surf zone that filter element covered of presetted wavelength scope iuuminting and ratio in the plane of departure in flat illumination source these surface section correspond respectively to the zone of selecting like this of wavelength filter array when normal direction projection surfacewise by the surface area of the surf zone that lighttight filter element covered.
In this respect, corresponding situation in filter construction (line by line or/and by row ground) and the optical conductor is complementary to a certain extent: when the interference ability of the particulate of exporting when being used to be coupled is constant, usually on the edge, promptly at the narrow near surface that is used for the optical coupling input because second light source can reach high relatively brightness, and brightness descends towards the center.Descend in order to compensate this brightness, now with regard to regard to the surf zone that lighttight filter element was covered, by the surf zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting with by the ratio of the surface area of the surf zone that lighttight filter element covered selecting to the edge on the narrow surface of coupling input compare little at the center of second light source.Thus on the function importantly since particulate at the center of optical conductor with respect to edge coupling output light enlargedly from optical conductor.In a word, this method has just in time compensated the characteristic that optical conductor is launched many especially light at coupling input near surface.Thus, second light source works as uniform light source basically.
Described lighttight filter element with at the ratio of the filter element of presetted wavelength scope iuuminting for example can be for 7 to 1 to the edge on the narrow surface that is used for the optical coupling input.If can utilize second light source now, be that the flat illumination source is roughly smaller at the edge in the brightness ratio that middle (promptly between the narrow plane of two coupling input light) obtains, then can for example select about 10 to 1 there as lighttight filter element and ratio at the filter element of presetted wavelength scope iuuminting, because more light is exported in the coupling of the particulate of bigger microparticle surfaces or larger amt, wherein these particulates are set on the surface section that is equipped with lighttight filter element so there.In a word, by this way, because second light source is roughly realized uniform Luminance Distribution.Certainly, other ratio, for example 8 to 1 and 9 to 1 or non-integral ratio also can be set between the surface section except ratio 7 to 1 described above or 10 to 1.
The 3D impression of feeling is noted that owing to thus to the influence of wavelength filter array, also can be affected; This especially is attributable to the following fact, and promptly the relative share of the image information in simple eye visible respectively selection and the particularly different views of view can directly be subjected to scale effect recited above.
On the coating of interfering total reflection, can be coated with in addition and be covered with the light absorbing basically cover layer of other one deck.
Advantageously, the feature of described apparatus of the present invention also is so far, and lighting apparatus is equipped with the controller that is used for first light source to produce the brightness step with regard to the plane of wavelength filter array.Can compensate the inhomogeneities of the brightness of second light source with this, compensate the inhomogeneity deficiency of the brightness of the 2D image of in second working method, being felt thus.Brightness step in first light source also can be used at 3D pattern, i.e. brightness uniformity in first working method.
If after image display, insert the weak scattering dish, then replace additionally connecting first light source, can only realize uniform illumination with second light source.
For example in lighting apparatus, be arranged on towards a side of wavelength filter array and have the discharge lamp of the plane protective glass parallel as first light source with wavelength filter array.At this,, also can switchably obtain above-mentioned brightness step by corresponding controller according to the structure of first light source with discharge lamp.On the inboard of protective glass, apply and have the coating of fluorescent material.
At this advantageously, coating with fluorescent material only is applied in such zone, and these zones are aimed at when projecting on the wavelength filter array along plane normal basically with in the zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting.Guaranteed that thus all light by the fluorescent material emission are not absorbed by lighttight filter element basically or stop, but illuminated image display at rear side more.
At this,, then be favourable if wavelength filter array is placed in the outside of protective glass.
Can stipulate in addition, in second working method by optical element with a part of optical coupling output of first light source and again in coupling input second light source, wherein this part be by in the wavelength filter array at the surf zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting and recently determining by surf zone that lighttight filter element covered.In this, optical conductor and/or reflecting element are particularly suitable for coupling output and input.
In addition, can arrange the effective material of optics, preferably filter plate or film with microstructure of prism effect between first and second light sources, first light source, that have the incidence angle bigger than (critical) angle of the total reflection of second light source thus light does not arrive second light source basically.In addition, the filter plate that can use the filter array with several millimeters thickness here makes dizzy reflect (Vignettierung) of light.Approximately corresponding to the order of magnitude of the filter element of printing opacity, this order of magnitude can be for example between 0.1mm and 0.3mm for the order of magnitude of the thickness of filter layer.
The another kind of expansion scheme regulation of apparatus of the present invention, be provided with a plurality of controlled separately, to the radiative light source of image display direction as second light source, described light source is constructed to the lighttight filter element in the wavelength filter array simultaneously.In this, as light source, polymeric layer luminous, that be essentially the plane for example can be set.
The task of the present invention device of the image by being used for displayed scene or object equally solves, this device has image display, this image display comprises a plurality of translucent image components, can displayed scene on these image components or the image information of a plurality of perspective views of object; Also has the array after on observer's direction of observation, being disposed in image display, this array comprises a plurality of with capable and/or the row layout, separately controlled and be set for light source luminous in predetermined wavelength range, wherein in first working method, only launch light by such light source, light is assigned to the image display of light source respectively by a part from these light sources image component arrives the observer, therefore realize three-dimensionally that image shows, and in second working method, additionally launch light by another part light source at least, light arrives the observer from the image component that described another part light source passes through image display under the situation of not carrying out special distribution, so image is shown at least in part two-dimensionally.
At this,, the plane, luminous basically polymeric layer can be set as light source.Alternatively also can use LCD as light source.
Task of the present invention solves by the device according to the preamble of claim 2 equally, wherein as the device that is used for throwing light on equably in second working method, the optical coupling export structure that can be switched on and turn-off is set at least one big surface.
The preferably convertible scattering layer of the optical coupling export structure that this can turn on and off, this scattering layer are positioned at apart from wavelength filter array slight distance place, preferably are in contact with it.
Convertible scattering layer is converted into transparent in first working method and is converted into scattering in second working method.Preferably, in second working method, be converted into whole surface scattering at this convertible scattering layer.This corresponding situation is can show two-dimentional visible image on the entire image surface of image display.
Other expansion scheme regulation of the present invention, convertible scattering layer has only part surface to be converted into scattering in second working method.At this, this part surface preferably is constructed to narrow and ribbon, and can have different width.Simultaneously, per two adjacent part surfaces can be spaced-apart by permanent transparent banded part surface in this banded part surface on convertible scattering layer, and the optical coupling of the optical conductor of every (enough big) unit are output degree (Lichtauskopplungsgrad) varies in size on the diverse location of optical conductor like this.Permanent transparent banded part surface especially can be that being converted into of convertible scattering layer continues transparent section, or the white space that is not equipped with the material that can be exchanged into scattering of optical conductor.
Like this, each local optical coupling output degree is determined (purpose is uniform luminance " geometric match of optical coupling output degree ") by the width of the ribbon part surface of convertible scattering layer and the change of local frequencies.Thus, for example when near the optical coupling output degree the light source of the optical coupling input that is being disposed in the side than when low, realizing the more uniform illumination of image display on the whole by second light source apart from the optical coupling output degree of its a distance.
Can also on different positions convertible scattering layer be converted to the varying strength scattering in second working method in addition, the optical coupling of optical conductor output degree is different big or small at the diverse location of optical conductor equally like this.For in the different local position that obtains the varying strength scattering of convertible scattering layer, apply different control signals in couples.
In addition, " the electricity coupling of optical coupling output degree " mentioned at last can combine with previously described geometric match, to reach 2D illumination especially uniformly.
Further advantageously, the lighttight filter element diffuse scattering towards the wavelength filter array of observer's one side for example is equipped with rough white paint.Thus, be reversed diffuse scattering at the light of exporting towards the side coupling of filter array, in this way, the illumination in second working method is more effective and brighter.Alternatively, lighttight filter element also can be equipped with the reflector.
Optical conductor in second light source preferably has the plane and/or structurized surface portion on this external its big surface.This structuring can produce other influence to the optical coupling output degree of corresponding part.
Convertible scattering layer for example is the scattering liquid crystal layer, particularly has this scattering liquid crystal layer of cholesteryl liquid crystal to row transition (Cholesteric-Nematic-Uebergang), it is transparent when applying suitable voltage, and when not having voltage with light scattering.The convertible figure of confusion of " PDLC (PDLC) film " type that preferably uses Sniaricerche (Italien) company is as convertible scattering layer.
In addition, in order further to improve uniformity and, can in second working method, except second light source, also to connect first light source in order to improve brightness.When in the lip-deep brightness (corresponding to the light of second light source) of lighttight filter element with when the lip-deep brightness (corresponding to the light of first light source) of the filter element of printing opacity is identical, for second working method, produce (on the macroscopic view) 2D illumination uniformly.
The advantage of the expansion scheme of mentioning at last is many-sided.Optical conductor especially for second light source can simply be made, because do not need the expensively main injection moulding instrument that is used to make the optical conductor surface microstructureization of making.When in convertible scattering layer, using liquid crystal, can produce the optical coupling export structure of microcosmic inherently, it can't be differentiated with bore hole in 2D pattern (second working method).Previously described these are used for making the deformation program of how much of illuminations and/or electric homogenizing also allow to optimize second light source at dissimilar and big or small display in second working method.Major advantage of the present invention is, in first working method, can not discern disturb vision on the optical conductor or visible optical coupling export structure or mole phenomenon.Compared with prior art, optical conductor needn't be arranged to closely contact with filter array again, and this brings the advantage on the process technology.
Task of the present invention is solved by the device according to the preamble of claim 2 in addition, wherein as the device that is used for evenly throwing light in second working method, between optical conductor and image display, arrange the convertible figure of confusion, it is converted into transparent in first working method, and be converted into part surface at least in second working method is scattering, and the brightness contrast of the light by the convertible figure of confusion is lowered in second working method like this.The contrast reduction is used to make illumination in second working method, promptly is being used for the working method homogenizing that two dimension shows.
Even in apparatus of the present invention of in the end mentioning, in second working method, also can except second light source, connect first light source equally.Yet, the difference of first expansion scheme of having described with the front of the present invention is, the brightness of first light source (its light is launched to the observer by the filter element of printing opacity and other device feature) can be high more a lot of than the brightness of second light source (its light particularly on lighttight filter element to observer's emission).In this way, in second working method, can reach higher brightness.
Previously described expansion scheme of the present invention provides another advantage, promptly the image brightness in second working method is high especially, because realized the feedback of light in the optical conductor.When connecting second and first light source in second working method, the brightness contrast of appearance compensates by the figure of confusion that use is converted into scattering.In this expansion scheme, optical conductor advantageously not necessarily must be by microstructureization, because its structure in second working method becomes visually invisible by the figure of confusion especially.Generally speaking, be extraordinary homogenizing and the brightness that second working method has realized illumination light.
In addition, task of the present invention is also solved by the device according to claim 38.
Because used two wavelength filter array that can move relative to each other, so when filter array adopted different relative positions each other, this expanded configuration also allowed to change image brightness in first and/or second working method.When in first working method, changing, can also make the views registered to be shown of " accumulative total " filter array with the different numbers of acquisition respectively in addition.
Preferably use two filter arrays of the same type, under the situation that does not have optical distance mutually, arrange these two filter arrays for fear of the mole effect.Described filter array can also be configured to not have fully lighttight filter element in addition.
Yet also can be provided with more than two, (always) number is the wavelength filter array of W, wherein W-1 wavelength filter array is respectively transportable at least.
Preferably the regulation, each movably moving on the line direction of the grid that the image component by image display constitutes of wavelength filter array carry out.Particularly preferably be, each of the defined movably mobile route of wavelength filter array is littler than the horizontal cycle of the filter element that is positioned at the printing opacity on the respective wavelength filter array, if this cycle exists.
Each movably moving of wavelength filter array guarantee by motor actuator, for example piezoelectricity positioner usually.
Task of the present invention solves by the device according to the preamble of claim 2 in addition, wherein as the device that is used for evenly throwing light in second working method, between wavelength filter array and optical conductor light-scattering film is set, it preferably is configured the diffuse reflection white light or launches white light again.
This film does not have structure in its simplest form, and has uniform optical characteristics like this, makes its diffuse scattering incident light.Therefore, this film not only may be implemented as thin, and may be implemented as on mechanics very flexiblely, and can make at an easy rate in addition.In an embodiment preferred of the present invention, therefore stipulate,, film is removed between wavelength filter and optical conductor in order to be transformed into first working method.This can manually carry out, and is preferably undertaken by rolling with Zhan Zhi mechanism.
Obtainable brightness is therefore identical with the brightness of traditional 2D screen in second working method, can give up additional illumination by first light source for saving energy.Illumination in second working method is uniformly, Morie fringe do not occur.
Yet when film for example has when being not equal to zero transmittance, also can additionally connect first light source, can improve image brightness thus.
In another kind of expansion scheme of the present invention, film is constructed to the electrophoresis assembly.It is a printing opacity in first working method, and light diffuse scattering in second working method.Conversion between second and first working method is undertaken by influencing electrophoretic characteristic.The major advantage of this embodiment is, can give up and mechanically remove or insert film.
Wavelength filter array also can be constructed to the electrophoresis assembly.In this case, the controller that is used to control lighttight filter element is equipped with.These lighttight filter elements are converted into absorbing light and are converted into reverberation in second working methods in first working method, promptly light is by diffuse reflection or emission again.
At last, the task of the present invention also device of the image by being used for displayed scene or object solves, this device has image display, this image display by a plurality of printing opacities, be disposed in by the image component in row and/or the grid that constitutes of row and form, can displayed scene on these image components or a plurality of perspective views of object in image information; This device also has be disposed in image display on observer's direction of observation after, the wavelength filter array plane, controlled, this wavelength filter array by many be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in filter element form, the part in these filter elements is a printing opacity in the presetted wavelength scope; This device also has the light source that is disposed in after the wavelength filter array on direction of observation, it is the flat illumination source preferably, wherein in first working method, remainder is controlled so as to light tight in the filter element, light from light source by at least a portion the filter element of printing opacity and subsequently the institute assigned portions image component by image display arrive the observer, like this scene or object concerning the observer three-dimensional as seen, wherein wavelength filter array is constructed to the electrophoresis assembly, and in second working method, remainder in the filter element is controlled as printing opacity, like this scene or object for the observer two dimension as seen.
In this device, can give up the second additional light source in second working method fully, therefore do not need for example parts and its illumination of optical conductor.Improve the display quality in first working method thus.
In addition maybe advantageously, in each embodiment of apparatus of the present invention of describing so far, be used for first working method of three-dimensional display at least in part respectively, each eye of observer are main but be not definite selection of shown image information of only seeing a plurality of perspective views of scene or object, locate to produce spatial impression the observer thus.The example that produces spatial impression under these prerequisites has for example been described at the applicant's DE20121318 U and in WO 01/56265.
At this, described these embodiments can be designed like this, make in image display only three-dimensional ground display image on a part, and show other image on remainder two-dimensionally, or opposite, promptly in different mode of operations, control different part surfaces respectively.
Nature only should show a two dimensional image rather than the image that is combined by a plurality of views in each second working method, this can be easy to realize by the suitable control to image display.
The accompanying drawing summary
Below further specify the present invention by accompanying drawing, wherein great majority figure is not pro rata, and wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the universal principle skeleton diagram of first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Fig. 2 shows the exemplary wavelength filter array of using (part diagrammatic sketch) in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
The image sets that Fig. 3 shows the image information that is used on image display showing different (being 9) views herein is (part diagrammatic sketch) normally,
Fig. 4 shows based on the monocular visual field example according to the situation of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3,
Fig. 5 shows another exemplary wavelength filter array (part diagrammatic sketch) of using in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Another image sets that Fig. 6 shows the image information that is used on image display showing different (being 8) views herein is (part diagrammatic sketch) normally,
Fig. 7 shows based on the monocular visual field example according to the situation of Fig. 5 and Fig. 6,
Fig. 8 shows and is used for the coefficient schematic diagram of first and second light sources of illumination image display device equably,
Fig. 9 shows another exemplary wavelength filter array (part diagrammatic sketch) of using in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Another image sets that Figure 10 shows the image information that is used on image display showing different (being 11) views herein is (part diagrammatic sketch) normally,
Figure 11 shows based on the monocular visual field example according to the situation of Fig. 9 and Figure 10,
Figure 12 shows another exemplary wavelength filter array (part diagrammatic sketch) of using in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Another image sets that Figure 13 shows the image information that is used on image display showing different (being 9) views herein is (part diagrammatic sketch) normally,
Figure 14 shows based on the monocular visual field example according to the situation of Figure 12 and Figure 13,
Figure 15 shows a kind of special shape of first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, and light wherein first light source, that have the incidence angle bigger than the angle of the total reflection of second light source can not arrive second light source basically,
Figure 16 shows another exemplary wavelength filter array (part diagrammatic sketch) of using in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 17 shows another exemplary wavelength filter array (part diagrammatic sketch) of using in first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 18 a shows the principle skeleton diagram of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 18 b shows the principle skeleton diagram of the possible structure of the optical coupling export structure that can turn on and off,
Figure 18 c shows the principle skeleton diagram of another possibility structure of the optical coupling export structure that can turn on and off,
Figure 19 shows the principle skeleton diagram of first working method of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 20 shows the principle skeleton diagram of second working method of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 20 a shows another principle skeleton diagram of second working method of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 21 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the special expansion scheme of the optical coupling export structure that can turn on and off, and this optical coupling export structure is responsible for making the optical coupling output degree of the optical conductor of per unit area to vary in size on the diverse location of optical conductor,
Figure 22 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the another kind of special expansion scheme of the optical coupling export structure that can turn on and off, and this optical coupling export structure is responsible for making the optical coupling output degree of the optical conductor of per unit area to vary in size on the diverse location of optical conductor,
Figure 23 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the 3rd expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 24 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the 4th expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, shown in this is being in first working method,
Figure 25 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the 4th expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, shown in this is being in second working method,
Figure 26 shows the exemplary filters array of using in the 3rd expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 27 shows two filter array the relative position of each other using in first working method in the 3rd expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention,
Figure 28 shows a kind of special expansion scheme of wavelength filter array,
Figure 29 shows the another kind of special expansion scheme of wavelength filter array,
Figure 30 shows the electrophoresis-type wavelength filter array,
Figure 31 shows the electrophoresis-type wavelength filter array that can turn-off,
Figure 32 shows the electrophoresis-type light-scattering film, and
Figure 33 shows and mechanically rolls and open up straight light-scattering film.
Accompanying drawing describes in detail
Fig. 1 shows the universal principle skeleton diagram of first expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, wherein this device has the image display 1 that is made of many image components, on observer 7 direction of observation, be furnished with wavelength filter array 3 with filter element at the rear of image display 1, part in these filter elements is a printing opacity, and remainder is lighttight.In first working method, light from first light source 2 that is arranged in wavelength filter array 3 back by the filter element of at least a portion printing opacity the wavelength filter array 3 and subsequently the parts of images element that is assigned with by image display 1 arrive observer 7, scene or object are that three-dimensional is visible to observer 7 like this.In second working method, have be arranged between wavelength filter array 3 and the image display 1, yet the light of second light source 4 of the plane of departure parallel with wavelength filter array 3 does not additionally arrive observer 7 by the filter element of wavelength filter array 3 from the image component of this plane of departure by image display 1 basically, like this scene or object concerning observer 7 be at least in part two-dimentional as seen.At this, only stipulate that the such zone in the plane of departure of second light source 4 is used to launch light, these zones when projecting on the wavelength filter array 3 along plane normal basically with regional alignment by lighttight filter element covered.
Wavelength filter array 3 for example can have tens microns to several millimeters thickness; In Fig. 1, just for the sake of clarity describe thicklyer.
For 2D shows, in second working method, connect the light source of compensation, i.e. second light source 4, it utilizes on corresponding to wavelength filter array 3 on the position in zone of lighttight filter element covering basically launches light.
Advantageously construct this device like this, feasible setting is constructed to the flat illumination source of tabular optical conductor as second light source 4, wherein this optical conductor be configured to have two big surfaces respect to one another and around narrow surface, and back to the big surface of image display 1 corresponding to emitting surface, and optical conductor provides light by one or more light sources 5 that are disposed in the side, and these light sources 5 can be equipped with additional reflector 6.At this, light inputs in the optical conductor by one or more narrow surface couplings, divides ground owing to total reflection comes back reflective in big upper surface there, and partly coupling output in corresponding to the big surface of the plane of departure.
Here, wavelength filter array 3 is set on the big surface corresponding to the plane of departure of optical conductor.
Regulation in addition is equipped with in being given for the zone of emission corresponding to the big surface of the plane of departure and interferes coating total reflection, that be made of particulate.The interference ability of particulate is consistent in each zone but also in the extension at the plane of departure basically not only.As already mentioned, particulate preferably is set on the lighttight zone of filter array and also is arranged on the described big surface simultaneously.
Optical conductor directly be regarded as the plane of departure with the big surface of interfering particulate contact because at this corresponding interference of optical propagation direction takes place in optical conductor, (lip-deep greatly at another of optical conductor) final optical coupling is exported so that realization.
In addition, the parallel relative narrow surfaces of two of optical conductor are given for the optical coupling input, as among Fig. 1 by shown in two light sources 5 like that.
Wavelength filter array 3 for example can have as one of structure described at DE 201 21 318.4 U.In addition preferably, use the image combination of in described document, being introduced that is used for the respective filter array.
Followingly further set forth particularly advantageous expansion scheme of the present invention with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4.In this example, at selected wavelength filter array 3, comprise delegation or multirow respectively, mutually not overlapping and cover fully on the whole in the zone of wavelength filter array 3, be scheduled to by maximum attainable brightness in those surface section in the plane of departure that depends on the flat illumination source at the surf zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting and ratio by the surface area of the surf zone that lighttight filter element covered respectively, these surface section correspond respectively to the zone of the wavelength filter array of selecting like this when normal projection surfacewise.For better understanding, it should be noted that further point out as mentioned such at this, the interference particulate that participates in optical coupling output directly is set on the lighttight filter element.Therefore, not necessarily actual for bore hole when throwing light on the surf zone shown in the black in Fig. 2 is black, but interferes the color of particulate, and it is white preferably.
With reference to Fig. 2, for example in first five-element of filter array 3, realize 7 lighttight filter elements than 1 transparent, promptly the wave-length coverage of determining (this: the VIS scope) ratio of the filter element of iuuminting, wherein filter array 3 is not at this not pari passu and be exaggerated much and illustrate.The narrow side of supposing to be used for the optical conductor of optical coupling input is a level, and (in the diagram plane) is positioned at the above and below on filter plane, the at first coupling output on the upper edge of optical conductor and lower edge of then most light, and, can reach there from the high relatively brightness of the light of optical conductor coupling output for example with the center on filter plane and also compare thus with the center of optical conductor.
Descend in order to compensate this brightness from the edge to the center, now with regard to the surf zone that utilizes lighttight filter element covering, by the surf zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting with by the ratio of the surface area of the surf zone that lighttight filter element covered to the edge on the narrow surface of coupling input than selecting forr a short time at the center of second light source 4, as illustrated in Figure 2.Function importantly because bigger interference particle areas, and is compared in the edge thus, light at the center from optical conductor with being exaggerated coupling export.On the whole, this situation has just in time compensated optical conductor in the coupling input near surface emission characteristic of many light especially.In this way, second light source works as uniform source of light.
In example according to Fig. 2, at the center of optical conductor and thus at the center of filter array 3, described lighttight filter element is 10 to 1 with ratio at the filter element of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting, therefore there since bigger microparticle surfaces or more the particulate of big figure be coupled and export more light, therefore because second light source has been realized roughly Luminance Distribution uniformly on the whole, wherein said particulate is disposed on the surface section that is equipped with lighttight filter element.Nature also can stipulated other ratio of 8 to 1 and 9 to 1 between the area section except 7 to 1 or 10 to 1 ratio of above detailed description.
Fig. 3 shows the example images combination from the image information of a plurality of views.This image combination is considered: because the structure of wavelength filter array, so must change the layout of image information.Each square is corresponding to a picture point of image display 1; Row R, G, B for example represent redness, green and the blue sub-pixel of the image display 1 that is constructed to LCD.The view that image information came from the digitized representation relevant position in the square.This figure is not pro rata, and has been exaggerated a lot.
In Fig. 3, use 8 views in up the row, and continued down to have used 9 views.Two row that runic marks are corresponding to the transition row, and they guarantee to a certain extent from the transition of 8 view to 9 views.
The monocular visual field example of observation place when Fig. 4 is illustrated in shown situation when having considered to describe Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.Certainly, this visual field example only shows a part, more specifically says so in Fig. 2 with the row of the wavelength filter array 3 of 8 signs.
Therefore be readily appreciated that because the wavelength filter array 3 as construct the front, the 3D impression of feeling also can be affected; This especially is attributable to, the selection of simple eye visible view respectively and particularly directly be subjected to the scale effect in the zone on the described wavelength filter array 3 from the relative composition of the image information of different views.
In addition, in order to reach the fabulous obscurity of lighttight filter element, on the coating of interfering total reflection, apply the light absorbing basically cover layer of another layer.
Utilize the zone with lighttight filter element and ratio other example that change, expansion scheme that has in the zone of the filter element of determining the wave-length coverage iuuminting in order to illustrate, below with reference to Fig. 5 to Fig. 8.
Fig. 5 also be not to scale (NTS) and be exaggerated a lot, it shows another kind of wavelength filter array structure, for this structure, the ratio of the filter element of light tight and printing opacity and therefore be used for increasing to common center from upper edge and lower edge from the composition of optical conductor coupling output interference of light particulate.Also realized above-described favourable effect thus, promptly owing to, realized basically launching light equably from optical conductor at the coupling output rating of the raising at optical conductor center.As at the demonstration of Fig. 2, the filter element shown in the black has in principle towards the color of the interference particulate of optical conductor one side, is preferably white.Yet, if they do not receive light from second light source (is optical conductor at this), in fact they look like black or do not launch light basically, as shown in FIG. 5.This for first working method, be that the 3D pattern is significant.
In Fig. 6 as can be seen example be suitable for image combination according to the filter array of Fig. 5, it produces spatial impression in 3D pattern (first working method).Here, row R, G, B also represent redness, green and blue color sub-pixel column.Therefore, the monocular visual field in the example shown in Fig. 7 is possible.What see at the observer's of relevant position eyes mainly is view 2, and smaller portions being arranged also is view 1 and 3.If observer's another eyes are for example seen 4 and 6 mixing of (together not illustrating in the drawings) view 5 and a little, then this observer feels stereo-picture.Can find out once more also that thus the ratio that influences filter element structure, light tight and printing opacity (and therefore have the area of interfering particulate and the zone of not interfering particulate than) of filter array 3 has direct and indivisible influence to the 3D rendering of feeling.
For example in order to be transformed into second working method, to be the 2D pattern, except first light source 2, also connect second light source 4 now.In the example of here selecting, so turn-on lamp 5, the light of lamp 5 is coupled in the input optical conductor.Because light is uniformly launched basically in the optical coupling of affected optical conductor described above output now from optical conductor.The second flat illumination source 4, be that optical conductor corresponding big lip-deep is not equipped with the surface of interfering particulate corresponding on the residing surface of filter element of determining the wave-length coverage iuuminting.This this filter element for example in Fig. 5 with white represent, for whole visible spectrum basically printing opacity, be transparent filter element.The light of first light source 2 still can see through these filter elements in second working method, and the light of the light of such first light source 2 and second light source 4 replenishes in this second working method basically equably mutually.At this, in fact in general ambient light, realized very little contrast by 2,4 pairs of image displays 1 of first and second light sources.Described contrast is almost 0.This represents with this in Fig. 8, has promptly drawn the border of the light that comes from two light sources 2,4 on observed surface respectively.The light emission should be represented in the surface of white expression.
Accordingly, Fig. 8 shows the coefficient schematic diagram of first and second light sources 2,4 that are used for even illumination image display device 1.In other words: with of the 3D illumination of wavelength filter array 3 synergistic first light sources 2 corresponding to image display 1, and second light source 4 has the function of 2D fill light to a certain extent because for the 2D pattern except 3D illumination, promptly also connect this second light source 4 first light source 2.
Certainly, for second working method, the picture material on the image display 1 also should be two-dimentional.This 2D picture material is then with usual mode quilt perception two-dimensionally.
Advantageously, lighting apparatus is equipped with controller, is used to control first light source 2 so that produce brightness step with respect to the plane of wavelength filter array 3.Therefore also can compensate the inhomogeneities of brightness of second light source 4 of existence in case of necessity, thus, feel that in second working method insufficiency aspect the uniformity of 2D image brightness is compensated.Brightness step in first light source 2 also can be used at 3D pattern, the i.e. brightness uniformity of first working method.
In this example, in lighting apparatus, be provided with the discharge lamp that has the plane protective glass parallel in a side with wavelength filter array 3 towards wavelength filter array 3 as first light source 2.Structure on first light source 2 with discharge lamp is decided, and can optionally connect described brightness step by suitable controller thus.Has the coating of fluorescent material in the coating of the inboard of protective glass.
At this advantageously, only in such zone, apply and have the coating of fluorescent material, these zones when projecting on the wavelength filter array 3 along plane normal basically with by the regional alignment that filter element covered at the predetermined wavelength range iuuminting.Guaranteed that thus all light by the fluorescent material emission are not absorbed by lighttight filter element basically, but illuminated the back side of image display 1 more.At this advantageously, wavelength filter array 3 is set at the outside of protective glass.
Other favourable expansion scheme illustrates in Fig. 9 to Figure 11 or Figure 12 to Figure 14, and is wherein suitable equally here to being described in of Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 on the meaning of applying mechanically, and therefore here no longer repeats.Yet the special character as these filter array embodiments above-mentioned also is noted that, change from delegation to another line width at this, or the number at the filter element of the wave-length coverage iuuminting of determining changes under the same big respectively situation of filter element.Therefore, on the one hand the 3D impression, optical coupling output is also because the structural change of wavelength filter array 3 and so interfere the layout of particulate to be affected on the other hand.This expansion scheme especially also allows the distance between filter array 3 and the image display 1 to become big, does not just need to force to use thin optical conductor thus.
Below can how to make the distance between filter array 3 and the lighting apparatus 1 become big usually sketch out.Under the situation that image is made up of 8 views (demonstration of 8 passages), condition D=m (BE/8A) is applicable to the distance D between wavelength filter array 3 and the image display 1, wherein B is the cycle of wavelength filter array 1, E is observer's distance, and A is that observer 7 average interpupillary distance and m is natural number.Cycle B is corresponding to the distance of the sequence repetition of printing opacity and lighttight filter element, the perhaps distance between the centre of surface of two printing opacity filter elements in the delegation.By subpixel period C, can when m=1, calculate the value of cycle B according to equation B=8AC/ (A-C) corresponding to the distance between the centre of surface of two adjacent filter elements.In order to calculate D, for E selects an initial value, it is more much bigger than the upper limit of desirable observation space, has guaranteed enough big distance D like this.If calculated the value of D by this way, and C and A be known, then can be by at equation E m=D (A-mC)/(mC) and equation B mThe different value of substitution m calculates the observer respectively apart from E among the=8AC/ (A-mC) mWith affiliated cycle B m, can realize like this that then the observer is apart from E mWith affiliated cycle B m, make that they are constant along the delegation in the filter array 3.At this, natural number m must be than 1 big, and not allow in this example be 8 even-multiple.These cycles B mIn each all corresponding to a viewing distance E m, on this viewing distance base portion than the more close image display 1 of initial distance B.At this cycle B for all row mNeedn't be all identical, but filter array 3 can comprise a plurality of cycles, and have a plurality of viewing planes to use for observer 7.When distance D=12.33mm between wavelength filter array 3 and image display 1 (being enough to settle second light source 4) and interpupillary distance are 65mm, subpixel period with 0.1mm in the depth bounds between 38.8mm and 87.8mm produces 11 viewing planes, and observer 7 can see fabulous 3-D view on these viewing planes.And be 8m at the initial distance E that m=1 calculates.
In the improvement project of the embodiment that describes so far, between first light source 2 and second light source 4, arrange the effective material of optics, be preferably filter plate, incidence angle does not arrive second light source 4 basically than the angle of total reflection of second light source 4 light big, first light source 2 thus.This fact is schematically shown in Figure 15.At this, filter plate is in fact corresponding to wavelength filter array 3, and wherein the thickness of this wavelength filter array is several millimeters (for example 1mm).Realized that with aforementioned manner the dizzy of light reflects thus: incidence angle does not arrive second light source 4 basically, is optical conductor than the angle of total reflection of second light source 4 light big, first light source 2.The filter plate or the order of magnitude of thickness of wavelength filter array 3 that constitutes it are roughly corresponding to the printing opacity filter size of component on the filter array 3.
As shown in Figure 15, prevent to enter second light source 4 by described dizzy reflecting from light first light source 2, that incidence angle is bigger than the critical angle of the total reflection of second light source 4.If the critical angle of total reflection for the optical conductor of employed formation second light source 4 for example is 41 °, the light 11 of then shown in broken lines in Figure 15, angle g '＞41 ° is because described dizzy reflecting and can not enter optical conductor.In contrast, fully enter optical conductor with the light shown in the solid line 9,10.Particularly for example light 10 enters optical conductor with angle g or penetrates at optical conductor on the big surface of image display 1, and this angle is littler than the critical angle (for example being 41 ° at this) of total reflection.Stop to come from advantage first light source 2, that enter optical conductor greater than the light of the cirtical angle of total reflection and especially be, avoided interfering reflection and further improved contrast in second working method (2D) thus.This relates to the auto contrast and reduces (autokontrastreduzierung).
Figure 16 and Figure 17 in addition also schematically and not to scale (NTS) ground show other form of implementation that can imagine of filter array, the wherein influence of the optical coupling of optical conductor output (because interfering particulate to be positioned on the lighttight filter element) again and the optical propagation direction of being scheduled on function, importantly be associated by the influence of filter array structure.In the example of mentioning in front according to Figure 16 and Figure 17, each row determine the wave-length coverage iuuminting (this: transparent) width of filter element or its number (if these filter elements always same size) also change.On top edge and lower edge, resulting transparent filter region is narrower, and is increased to a common maximum to center position.Here on the meaning of the working method of the device of Miao Shuing, can avoid providing the necessity of the suitable brightness step of first light source 2 thus because the uniformity that comes from first light source 2 and light by wavelength filter array 3 with regard to light in the fact of wavelength filter array 3 variation by transparent segments of filters with regard to measurable brightness of image display 1 one sides and be guaranteed basically.
When the filter array 3 that uses according to Figure 16 and Figure 17, advantageously consider such image combining structure for image display 1, each row of its image component or embody the different cycles of view from one group of row to next group row respectively.Therefore the image component that for example 8 levels are adjacent in first row shows the image information of view 1-8 with this order, promptly 1 to 8 cycle always (up to the screen edge) repeat.Next line or next group (for example 5) row can also also show independent cycle or the like of the image information of view 1 to 9 between per 4 cycles of view 1 to 8.
Except wavelength filter array shown in this and image combination, can also use such image combination, wherein complete row or column is controlled with the image information of single view respectively.So corresponding row or column covers with the filter element of printing opacity.By this way, can improve brightness in first working method.
Importantly, based on the filter element on the wavelength filter array 3, the optical propagation direction of the image information of Xian Shiing always comes to be scheduled to so there, makes to produce spatial impression for the observer.
Just now the expansion scheme of Miao Shuing provided special advantage, promptly can realize the almost illumination uniformly of image display 1 in the 2D pattern, and its contrast is near zero.In addition according to the present invention, it be that a plurality of observers' generations are not by the 3D impression of aid simultaneously in the 3D pattern that these expansion scheme allow.
Figure 18 a shows the principle schematic of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, and this device has image display 1, first light source 2, wavelength filter array 3, second light source 4 and optical coupling export structure 13.Second light source 4 is constructed to have two tabular optical conductors of big surperficial 12 respect to one another.A plurality of light sources 5 that are disposed in the side provide light for optical conductor.According to the present invention, optical coupling export structure 13 can be set on one of big surface 8 or two big surfaces on, here it be set at back to the observer big surperficial 8 on.
Also show reflector 6 in Figure 18 a in addition, it is used for utilizing better the light of launching from light source 5.At this, the optical coupling export structure 13 that can turn on and off is a convertible scattering layer preferably.As shown in Figure 18 b, this scattering layer can comprise the ITO layer 17 that is applied on second light source 4 that is constructed to tabular optical conductor and back to back liquid crystal layer 16, another ITO layer 15 and cover layer 14, for example PET film or the film that is made of optical plastic as roughly.Relative therewith, as shown in Figure 18 c, also can insert another by the substrate layer 18 that optical plastic constitutes, the refractive index of its refractive index ratio optical conductor is big.Different with PET, optical plastic does not have volume scattering or volume to absorb, and does not have optical birefringence.In described situation, the layer structure of parts 14 to 18 is corresponding to the whole convertible figure of confusion, and this figure of confusion for example can be layered on the optical conductor.As convertible scattering layer or optical coupling export structure 13, can use thin, the convertible figure of confusion (preferably approximately 0.5mm is thick) of " PDLC (PDLC) film " type of Sniaricerche (Italy) company.Because this measure, apparatus of the present invention can realize by commercial general assembly simply.
In addition, advantageously, the lighttight filter element diffuse scattering in operational observations person's one side of wavelength filter array 3 for example is equipped with rough white paint.Thus, be reversed diffuse scattering at light towards filter array 3 one sides coupling output.
Figure 19 shows the principle skeleton diagram of first working method of second expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention.The optical coupling export structure 13 that is implemented as convertible scattering layer is converted into transparent in first working method.Thus, the light that comes from first light source 2 passes through at least a portion in the printing opacity filter element of filter array 3 and then arrives the observer by institute's assigned portions in the image component of image display 1, and therefore scene or object are that three-dimensional is visible for the observer.In the observer locates to produce the applicant's that spatial impression quotes WO01/56265 in the above, described, and do not need to continue to set forth at this.
Relative therewith, Figure 20 shows the principle skeleton diagram of second working method.Here the optical coupling export structure 13 that is implemented as convertible scattering layer is converted into part surface scattering at least, preferably whole surface scattering.Whole surface scattering promptly can show two-dimentional visible image corresponding to this situation on the entire image surface of image display 1.Because convertible scattering layer works as optical coupling export structure 13 in this working method, so can be the evenly illumination to greatest extent of two-dimentional Display Realization image display 1.Different with shown in Fig. 2, the optical coupling export structure 13 that is implemented as convertible scattering layer also can be arranged in second light source 4 that is implemented as optical conductor 19 towards image display 1 and thus also towards the observer big surperficial 12 on, perhaps even be arranged on two big surfaces 12 of optical conductor 19.In first kind of situation, the uniformity of Luminance Distribution is good especially in second working method, and because light feeds back in the optical conductor 19, image brightness is better too.
Preferably, in second working method, except second light source 4, also connect first light source 2, so that realize the illumination of not having contrast (K=0) as far as possible of image display 1.This in principle the light of the light of first light source 2 and second light source 4 replenish mutually so that aspect brightness, realize uniform illumination light to greatest extent.This is schematically illustrated in Figure 20 a.
Figure 21 illustrates the principle skeleton diagram of a kind of special expansion scheme of the optical coupling export structure 13 that can turn on and off, this optical coupling export structure 13 is responsible for making the optical coupling output degree of every enough big unit ares of second light source 4 that is implemented as optical conductor 19 to vary in size on the diverse location of optical conductor 19.Here " 13b " is meant the schematic diagram of the optical coupling export structure 13 that is implemented as convertible scattering layer, and wherein with respect to more shallow zone, darker zone has bigger optical coupling output degree.
In second working method, ribbon part surface 20 at this convertible scattering layer is converted into scattering, per two adjacent ribbon part surfaces are separated mutually by permanent transparent ribbon part surface 21 on the convertible scattering layer in the wherein this ribbon part surface 20, so the optical coupling of the optical conductor 19 of per unit area output degree varies in size on the diverse location of optical conductor 19.Determine corresponding local light coupling output degree (purpose is uniform luminance " geometric match of optical coupling output degree ") at this by the width of the ribbon part surface 20 of convertible scattering layer and the localized variation of local frequencies.Can realize more uniform on the whole illumination by second light source again in view of the above, for example compare when the optical coupling output degree of its certain distance is hanged down when near the optical coupling output degree the light source 5 that is being disposed in optical coupling input side.
Figure 22 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the another kind of special expansion scheme of the optical coupling export structure 13 that can turn on and off, and this optical coupling export structure 13 is responsible for making the optical coupling output degree of the optical conductor 19 of per unit area to vary in size in the diverse location or the place of optical conductor equally.At this, " 13c " is meant the schematic diagram of convertible scattering layer, and wherein with respect to more shallow zone, darker zone has bigger optical coupling output degree.In the case, convertible scattering layer is converted on diverse location with the varying strength scattering in second working method now, and the optical coupling of optical conductor 19 output degree is different big or small equally on the diverse location of optical conductor 19 like this.In order to realize the position of varying strength scattering on the diverse location of convertible scattering layer, different control voltage is applied on the ribbon part surface 20 of scattering layer in pairs, and these ribbon part surfaces are electricity isolation mutually preferably.Different control voltage can apply by different electrode pairs.Nature in order to apply different voltages simultaneously, is provided with corresponding electrical control equipment (not being illustrated in the drawings).Wherein the different hachures of part surface 20 or texture are corresponding to different scattering strengths.
" the electricity coupling of optical coupling output degree " mentioned at last can combine with previously described geometric match in addition, to realize 2D illumination especially uniformly.
Figure 23 illustrates the principle skeleton diagram of the 3rd expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention.Here, second light source 4 also is constructed to have the tabular optical conductor 19 on two big surfaces 12.Between optical conductor 19 and image display 1, arrange the convertible figure of confusion 22, it is converted into transparent in first working method, and in second working method, being converted into part surface scattering at least, the luminance contrast of therefore passing the light of the convertible figure of confusion 22 in second working method is reduced.
The contrast reduction of mentioning at last is used in second working method, promptly in the illumination homogenizing that is used for the two-dimentional working method that shows.Optical conductor 19 can be a traditional type as used herein, preferably has the optical conductor of special optical coupling export structure.The optical coupling export structure of mentioning at last only is formed on a kind of form of revising on these surface section of optical conductor 19, these surface section when projection on the surface normal direction on big surface 12 corresponding to lighttight filter element.
Even in this apparatus of the present invention, in second working method, also can except second light source 4, also connect first light source 2, so that there is more light available.Based on the figure of confusion 22 that is converted into scattering, the light of the first additional light source 2 is to the not influence of uniformity of light of the illumination that is used for image display 1.
Figure 24 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the 4th expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention in addition, illustrate with first working method at this, and Figure 25 shows the principle skeleton diagram of the 4th expansion scheme of apparatus of the present invention, illustrates with second working method at this.
This relates to the device of the image that is used for displayed scene or object again, yet this device has two plane wavelength filter array 23,24 that are disposed in after the image display 1 on observer 7 direction of observation.Two wavelength filter array respectively by a plurality of be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in filter element constitute.Part in these filter elements is at the predetermined wavelength range iuuminting, and remainder is light tight.One of them is movably with respect to another for two wavelength filter array 23,24, preferably these two wavelength filter array closely contact each other.A convertible figure of confusion 22 is arranged between wavelength filter array 23,24 and image display 1, and it is converted into transparent in first working method and is converted into part surface scattering at least in second working method.
In first working method shown in Figure 24, wavelength filter array 23,24 adopts such relative position each other, make from the light of light source 2 emissions that are disposed in wavelength filter array 23,24 back by at least a portion the printing opacity filter element of two wavelength filter array 23,24 and subsequently the institute's assigned portions image component by image display 1 arrive the observer, therefore scene or object are three-dimensional visible for the observer.
In second working method shown in Figure 25, the convertible figure of confusion 22 is converted into part surface scattering at least, and wavelength filter array 23,24 adopts such relative position each other, make with respect to first working method have more light by the printing opacity filter element of two wavelength filter array 23,24 and subsequently the figure of confusion 22 by in second working method, being converted into scattering and the image component of image display 1 arrive the observer, therefore scene or object are that two dimension is visible for the observer.
The convertible figure of confusion 22 to the distance that is called as " enough " of wavelength filter array 23,24 is generally several millimeters.The meaning of " enough " is that the figure of confusion 22 is enough far away apart from wavelength filter array 23,24, so that with its (major part) visible structure scattering so doughtily, makes that these structures visually can not be distinguishable.
Usually also can be provided with more than two, (always) number is the wavelength filter array 23,24 of W, wherein W-1 wavelength filter array is respectively movably at least.
Preferably, each movably wavelength filter array 23,24 mobile be set on the line direction of the grid that the image component by image display 1 constitutes.
Particularly preferably be, each of the defined movably mobile route of wavelength filter array 23,24 is littler than the horizontal cycle that is positioned at the printing opacity filter element on the respective wavelength filter array 23,24, as long as this cycle exists.This fact is taken into account in Figure 24 and Figure 25, and promptly filter array 24 mobile below the regulation is approximately 3/8ths of the described cycle there.
Movably the move actuator, for example piezoelectric positioner (Piezostelleinrichtung) that all pass through machinery of wavelength filter array guarantee that this actuator is not illustrated here for each.
Figure 26 partly and not in scale show wavelength filter array 23,24, be used for the exemplary configurations used in the expansion scheme of current apparatus of the present invention of discussing.Be provided with two have just shown in the filter array 23,24 of structure.Size is for example as the selection of getting off: it is wide and 235mm is high that each wavelength filter array 23,24 is about 310mm altogether.Every row of filter array 23,24 is approximately the 0.30086mm height.It is wide that every row transparent and opaque section are approximately 0.40114mm.From transparent or opaque section transparent or opaque section skew to adjacent delegation of delegation is 0.066857mm.This wavelength filter array for example be fit to very much with the LG type 15.1 " LCD is used in combination.
In Figure 27, can see the concise and to the point effect that two wavelength filter array 23,24 according to Figure 26 of the same type use in first working method under a kind of possible the relative position of each other situation.Wherein filter array 23,24 has moved horizontally about 0.30086mm mutually.As described above, the convertible figure of confusion is converted into transparent in this pattern.For display image on image display 1, can consider suitable image combining structure, for example in DE 20121318 U according to the sort of structure of Figure 53.
For second working method, two filter arrays 23,24 for example can be set up under situation about not relatively moving each other, and promptly they keep the original outward appearance according to Figure 26 substantially.The figure of confusion 22 is converted into scattering now, realizes the even illumination of image display 1 thus.
What the filter element of wavelength filter array 3 was described in front in most cases stretches having the space of can not ignore on the degree of depth of observer's direction of observation.If lighttight filter element fully-promptly not only towards a side of observer 7 and also on the side of observer 7 direction of observation location-cover with the material of diffuse scattering white light with as far as possible little absorption coefficient, this causes in first working method directly so, contrast reduces automatically.If light incides with disadvantageous angle on the side of diffuse scattering, it can enter this material layer and cause illumination there so.Therefore what be worth expectation is, constructs this material layer thin as far as possible and/or is constructed with reflection-lighttight edge.
This contrast reduces can utilize the wavelength filter array shown in Figure 28 to avoid.(obviously compare enlargedly and with other assembly and be not pari passu) there and show the wavelength filter array 25 that on substrate 30, has printing opacity filter element 26 and light tight filter element 27.Lighttight filter element 27 covers towards observer's the side material with diffuse scattering at it.Here, the side covers with reflecting material, and light 28 no longer can enter filter element 27 like this.Therefore, the light that is reflected not only causes the higher brightness of image in first working method but also in second working method.Light 29 by total reflection, for this substrate of wavelength filter array 25, preferably selects to have the optical material that little volume absorbs in substrate interior.
The another kind of possibility that reduces contrast is shown in Figure 29.Here show the wavelength filter array of making by a monoblock 31, wherein the light 28 from the oblique incidence of first light source 2 is reflected by the total reflection in the side, leave wavelength filter array 31 at upside similarly then, wherein upside light 28 with the interface of air on incidence angle littler than the critical angle of total reflection.In this example, in order further to reduce contrast, also regulation is used the layer 32 that highlights, the brightness enhancing films (Brightness EnhancementFilm) of for example 3M company, influence the brightness of first light source like this by this layer, make that in that brightness is obviously than higher in the side in the certain angle scope on observer's direction, this arrow with different length in Figure 29 is represented.
Figure 30 illustrates the another kind of possibility that reduces contrast.Here show a kind of convertible, electrophoresis-type wavelength filter array 33, wherein lighttight filter element 34 has two kinds of operating states corresponding to working method.In first working method, for three-dimensional display, filter element presents absorbing light in view of observer's direction, and presents equally reflection for example from the light of second light source 4 in second working method in view of observer's direction.These two kinds of working methods can realize in the following manner, promptly utilize principle of electrophoresis in structure filter element 34, i.e. the migration of the colloid charged corpuscle in direct electric field, and this is open already, only uses in the printing of paper so far.In Figure 30, three filter elements 34 in the left side show that in first working method three filter elements 34 on the right side show in second working method.Filter element 34 comprises two kinds of particulates of opposed polarity in optically transparent liquid, for example black, positively charged particulate 35 and particulate 36 white, electronegative.At this, these particulates must be selected like this, make that these particulates have enough optical density (OD)s (absorbability) on the whole under the black particle situation, perhaps have high diffuse reflectance under the white particles situation, are scattering coefficient.They must keep its electric charge constantly in addition, yet they needn't all be of the same type, though for the sake of clarity and like this illustrate at this.Though it is square that filter element 34 is represented as in Figure 30, they also can have other polygonal shape, hemisphere or spherical shape.
If apply negative voltage at filter element 34 on the transparency electrode of observer's a side, and apply positive voltage on the electrode of a side of facing the observer, then lighttight filter element 34 is that first working method is converted.If with voltage reversal, then it is that second working method is converted.Particulate 35,36 moves to electrode according to its state of charge.Can select the change-over time between first and second working methods very shortly, and less than the image transitions time in the modern lcd screen, it is approximately 16ms at present.
Three beams light 37,38,39 has symbolically been represented several optical events.Light 38 all unhinderedly passes the filter element of printing opacity in two kinds of working methods.Light 37 (3D) in first working method is absorbed, and direct contrast do not occur and reduces.And in second working method, light 37 passes the diffuse scattering layer and is divided into many light by scattering repeatedly, and these light help to improve the image brightness in the 2D pattern.For light 39 different situations is arranged also.It is absorbed in second working method, and it is broken down into a plurality of light on the diffuse scattering layer in first working method, the brightness that they then leave filter element 34 and help to improve 3D rendering with different directions.
Figure 31 illustrates a kind of possibility of giving up second light source 4 fully.Be provided with a wavelength filter array that can turn-off fully 40 in this embodiment, it is set on the transparent filter substrate 41 here.This wavelength filter array 40 works utilizing under the situation of electrophoresis equally.In inside, black particle 35 is arranged in transparent liquid level, and these black particles are for example electronegative, but also can be positively charged.In shown first working method, particulate 35 be fixed on positive electrode 42 near, be positioned at a side at this this positive electrode, but equally also can be positioned at opposite side towards the observer.Negative electrode is not illustrated.The right and left of this filter array 40 exceed other parts some, in these sections, so-called accumulation regions (SammelberEich) is arranged, black particle in second working method, be to be gathered in wherein in the 2D pattern, because this filter array is fully transparent in this working method.
For wavelength filter array is converted to second working method from first working method, those electrodes 42 that can be at first that decentre is nearest turn-off.To raise at the voltage on those electrodes 42 at center simultaneously, specifically, the magnitude of voltage that raises corresponding to the voltage of the electrode 42 that is turned off now when the on-state, promptly at least approximately is the former number that is secured in the electric charge on the electrode 42 that is turned off roughly.Electrode 42 migrations that black particle 35 has been raised to these voltages then.This process continues then, all is in up to all particulates near the electrode of the most close accumulation regions.At first apply positive voltage in accumulation regions then, the voltage of black particle 35 present residing electrodes 42 is set to zero simultaneously, and all like this particulates 35 all migrate in the accumulation regions, and they are fixed by static there.Conversion from second working method to first working method is also similar to be carried out.May use alternating field in some cases, so that the polarity of instantaneous change electrode.
See second light source 4 or the optical conductor that is disposed in before the wavelength filter array because can give up fully, reduce that the picture quality in two kinds of working methods is all very high so contrast does not take place from observer's angle.
Substitute the electrophoretic migration that utilizes charged corpuscle, for this wavelength filter array, can also utilize another kind of effect, its generation so-called " suspended particulates device (suspendedparticle devices) ".Here use light absorbing, as to have the dipole moment of in electric field, being inducted colloid particulate.When electric field was turned off, the dipole moment of these particulates was all directed randomly, and gathering of these particulates is opaque.When applying alternating electric field, these dipole moment alignment, particulate buildup becomes transparent.Can give up above mentioned gathering container by this way.
Also can use principle of electrophoresis, so that under the situation that 2D shows, throw light on and reduce contrast and raise by connecting 3D.Figure 32 illustrates this embodiment.Here, between the wavelength filter array 3 and second light source 4, be provided with and be constructed to the film 43 electrophoresis assembly, optical scattering, this film is preferably with white light diffuse reflection or emission once more, its scattering process is gathered based on white particles 36, these particulates are distributed on the film in second working method as far as possible covering surfaces, the light that will send from second light source 4 is with irreflexive mode scattering so on the one hand, and the light diffuse scattering that will send from first light source 2 on the other hand.In order to be converted to first working method, its process and front are similar to the process of the description of Figure 31.
In a kind of embodiment of simplification, film also can be mechanically, promptly with hand or put into device electrically, to be converted to second working method, perhaps it removed from this device, to be converted to first working method.Figure 33 illustrates this example.The right of this device and the left side are rolled and Zhan Zhi mechanism 45, and it can or manually or electrically be operated, and also can control by program.The film 44 of optical scattering for example can be rolled in the 3D pattern above screen or the volume of a side, in the 2D pattern it can be above screen or a side between the wavelength filter array 3 and second light source 4, open up directly along the guide rail of a side by narrow, against sunshine and dustproof slit.
In addition maybe advantageously, in each embodiment of described apparatus of the present invention so far, be used for first working method of the three-dimensional display of part surface at least respectively, each eye of observer are main but be not the specific selection of only seeing image information shown in a plurality of perspective views of scene or object, locate to produce spatial impression the observer thus.In the applicant's that the example that produces spatial impression under this prerequisite is for example being quoted DE 20121318 U and WO 01/56265 and WO 03/024122, described.
Nature only shows two dimensional image in each second working method, rather than by the image of a plurality of views combination, this suitable control by image display can realize easily.
Here in the equivalent variations scheme of described theory, existing wavelength filter array can be shielded (Barriereschirm), lens screen (Linsenschirm) or other optics sometimes by fence and substitute under the situation of using holographic optical elements (HOE).
What this will emphatically point out be, disclosed in this application feature can by the professional person other, combination mutually in the flexible program that herein clearly proposes.This flexible program is included within the application's the protection range.

Claims (48)

1. the device that is used for the image of displayed scene or object,
-have by a plurality of printing opacities, be disposed in the image display (1) that constitutes by the image component in row and/or the grid that constitutes of row, on these image components, can show image information from a plurality of perspective views of described scene or object,
-have and on the direction of observation of observer (7), be disposed in described image display (1) wavelength filter array afterwards, the plane (3), described wavelength filter array (3) by a plurality of be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in filter element constitute, part in the described filter element is a printing opacity in the presetted wavelength scope, and remainder is lighttight
-have and comprise lighting apparatus at least two kinds of working methods, controlled, wherein
-in first working method, light from be disposed in afterwards first light source of described wavelength filter array (3) (2)s by at least a portion the filter element of described printing opacity and subsequently the institute's assigned portions image component by described image display arrive observer (7), therefore described scene or object are three-dimensional visible for observer (7)
-it is characterized in that,
-in second working method, light from have at least one be disposed between wavelength filter array (3) and the image display (1), with second light source (4) of the substantially parallel plane of departure of described wavelength filter array (3) leave described one or more plane of departure, by described image display (1) however image component do not arrive observer (7) by the filter element of described wavelength filter array (3), therefore described scene or object are that the part two dimension is visible at least for observer (7), wherein
-be provided with and be used at the even device of illumination of second working method.
2. according to the device of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
-be provided be constructed to tabular optical conductor (19) the flat illumination source as second light source (4),
-wherein said optical conductor (19) be configured to have two big surfaces respect to one another (12) and around narrow surface, and back to or towards the big surface (12) of described image display (1) corresponding to the plane of departure, perhaps two big surfaces (12) are corresponding to a plurality of planes of departure, and
-provide light by one or more light sources (5) that are disposed in the side for described optical conductor (19),
-wherein light inputs in the described optical conductor (19) by one or more narrow surface couplings, there partly by the total reflection back reflective that comes up on big surface (12), and partly in corresponding to the big surface (12) of the plane of departure coupling export.
3. according to the device of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in second working method, except second light source (4), also connect first light source (2), only the big surface (12) back to described image display is set to the plane of departure, and for illumination equably, in the plane of departure, have only these zones to be given for emission light, these zones project to along plane normal described wavelength filter array (3) when going up basically with regional alignment by lighttight filter element covered.
4. according to the device of claim 3, it is characterized in that described wavelength filter array (3) is set on the big surface (12) corresponding to the plane of departure.
5. according to the device of claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, in being given for the zone of emission, be equipped with the structure of interference total reflection, the structure that preferably constitutes by particulate corresponding to the big surface (12) of the plane of departure.
6. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that the interference ability of particulate is being uneven between two boundary values in the extension of the plane of departure, wherein said boundary value depends on the density of particle in the coating.
7. according to the device of claim 6, it is characterized in that the interference ability of particulate is constant basically in each coated separately zone.
8. according to the device of claim 6 or 7, it is characterized in that, be provided with two relative in parallel with each other narrow surfaces, be used for the optical coupling input, and the interference ability in coated zone is constructed to along with distance x 1, x 2Increase be parallel to narrow surface in alignment, progressively become big in the banded surface section, up to a common maximum.
9. according to the device of claim 5, it is characterized in that the interference ability of particulate all is uniform basically not only in each zone but also in the extension of the plane of departure.
10. according to the device of claim 9, it is characterized in that, be provided with two relative in vertical direction each other narrow surfaces, be used for the optical coupling input, and wavelength filter array (3) comprise respectively one or multirow or/and row, not overlapping mutually and cover fully on the whole in the selected zone of wavelength filter array (3), be scheduled to by depend in the plane of departure in flat illumination source in these surface section maximum attainable brightness respectively at the surf zone that filter element covered of presetted wavelength scope iuuminting and ratio by the surface area of the surf zone that lighttight filter element covered, these surface section correspond respectively to the zone of selecting like this of wavelength filter array when normal projection surfacewise.
11. the device according to claim 5 to 10 is characterized in that, is coated with another light absorbing basically cover layer on the coating of interfering total reflection.
12. the device according to one of aforementioned claim is characterized in that, described lighting apparatus is equipped with the controller that is used for first light source (2), so that produce the brightness step with respect to the plane of wavelength filter array (3).
13. device according to one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, in described lighting apparatus, be arranged on have the plane protective glass parallel towards a side of wavelength filter array (3) with wavelength filter array (3) discharge lamp as first light source (2), and on the inboard of described protective glass, apply and have the coating of fluorescent material.
14. device according to claim 13, it is characterized in that, coating with fluorescent material only is coated in these zones, these zones project to along plane normal wavelength filter array (3) when going up basically with by the regional alignment that filter element covered at the predetermined wavelength range iuuminting.
15. the device according to claim 13 or 14 is characterized in that, described wavelength filter array (3) is set at the outside of described protective glass.
16. device according to one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, a part of light of first light source (2) is coupled output by optical element and is coupled again and is input in second light source (4) in second working method, wherein said part by in the described wavelength filter array by at the surf zone that filter element covered of predetermined wavelength range iuuminting and recently determining by surf zone that lighttight filter element covered.
17. the device according to claim 16 is characterized in that, for output and the input of being coupled, is provided with optical conductor and/or reflecting element.
18. device according to one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, arrange the effective material of optics, the film that is preferably filter plate or has the micro-structural of prismatic effect between first and second light sources (2,4), first light source (2), that have the incidence angle bigger than the angle of total reflection of second light source (4) thus light does not arrive second light source (4) basically.
19. device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, a plurality of separately controlled, be set up as second light source (4) to the radiative light source of the direction of described image display, described a plurality of light sources are constructed to the lighttight filter element in the described wavelength filter array (3) simultaneously.
20. the device according to claim 19 is characterized in that, radiative, as to be essentially plane polymeric layer is set as light source.
21. be used for the device of the image of displayed scene or object,
-have the image display (1) that constitutes by a plurality of transparent image components, on these image components, can show image information from a plurality of perspective views of described scene or object,
-have and on observer's direction of observation, be disposed in described image display (1) array afterwards, described array comprise a plurality of be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in, controlled and in the presetted wavelength scope, be used for radiative light source separately, wherein
-only in this way light source emission light in first working method, light arrives the observer from the parts of images element of distributing to light source respectively of these light sources by image display (1), realizes three-dimensionally that therefore image shows, and
-in second working method, additionally at least by another part light source emission light, light arrives the observer from this partial illumination source at the image component that does not have to pass through image display (1) under the special situation of distributing, therefore two-dimentional at least in part display image.
22. the device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, be provided be essentially the plane, radiative polymeric layer is as light source.
23. the device according to claim 21 is characterized in that, LCD is set as light source.
24. the device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, as the device that is used for evenly throwing light in second working method, goes up the optical coupling export structure (13) that setting can turn on and off at least one big surface (12).
25. the device according to claim 24 is characterized in that, the described optical coupling export structure (13) that turns on and off is convertible scattering layer.
26. the device according to claim 25 is characterized in that, described convertible scattering layer is converted into transparent in first working method, and is converted into scattering in second working method.
27. the device according to claim 26 is characterized in that, has only the part surface (20) of convertible scattering layer to be converted into scattering in second working method.
28. the device according to claim 27 is characterized in that, described part surface (20) is banded.
29. the device according to claim 28 is characterized in that, described banded part surface (20) has different width.
30. device according to claim 29, it is characterized in that, per two adjacent part surfaces that are converted into scattering (20) are spaced-apart by permanent transparent banded part surface (21), so the optical coupling of the optical conductor of per unit area (19) output degree varies in size on the diverse location of optical conductor (19).
31. device according to one of claim 24 to 30, it is characterized in that, in second working method, convertible scattering layer is converted into the scattering of varying strength ground on diverse location, so the optical coupling of optical conductor (19) output degree varies in size on the diverse location of optical conductor (19).
32. the device according to claim 31 is characterized in that, in order to realize the position of varying strength scattering, in the different local different control signal that applies in couples of convertible scattering layer.
33. the device according to one of claim 24 to 32 is characterized in that, the lighttight filter element of described wavelength filter array (3) is in the side diffuse scattering towards the observer.
34. the device according to one of claim 24 to 33 is characterized in that, described optical conductor (19) has flat and/or structurized surface on big surface (12).
35. device according to one of claim 24 to 34, it is characterized in that, described convertible scattering layer is for example to have the such scattering liquid crystal layer of cholesteryl liquid crystal to the row transition, and described scattering liquid crystal layer is transparent when applying suitable voltage, and causes light scattering when not having voltage.
36. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, as the device that is used for evenly throwing light in second working method, between optical conductor (19) and image display (1), arrange the convertible figure of confusion (22), the described figure of confusion is converted into transparent in first working method, and in second working method, being converted into part surface scattering at least, the luminance contrast of therefore passing the light of the described convertible figure of confusion (22) in second working method is reduced.
37. the device according to one of claim 24 to 36 is characterized in that, also connects first light source (2) in second working method except second light source (4).
38. be used for the device of the image of displayed scene or object,
-have by a plurality of printing opacities, be disposed in the image display (1) that constitutes by the image component in row and/or the grid that constitutes of row, on these image components, can show image information from a plurality of perspective views of described scene or object,
-have at least two the observer, (7) be arranged described image display on the direction of observation, (1) plane wavelength filter array afterwards, (23,24), these two wavelength filter array respectively by a plurality of be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in filter element constitute, part in these filter elements is at presetted wavelength scope iuuminting, and remainder is light tight, one of two wavelength filter array wherein, (23 or 24) are with respect to another, (24 or 23) are movably, and both are closely contact preferably
-have and on direction of observation, be positioned at described wavelength filter array (23,24) light source afterwards, that be preferably the flat illumination source (2),
-have and be disposed in described image display (1) and described wavelength filter array (23,24) between and with the latter the convertible figure of confusion (22) of sufficient distance is arranged, the described figure of confusion is converted into transparent in first working method, and in second working method, be converted into part surface scattering at least
-wherein in first working method, described wavelength filter array (23,24) adopt this relative position each other, make from being disposed in described wavelength filter array (23,24) light of light source afterwards (2) emission is by two wavelength filter array (23,24) at least a portion in the printing opacity filter element and the assigned portions image component arrival observer (7) of institute who passes through image display (1) subsequently, therefore scene or object are three-dimensional visible for observer (7), and
-wherein in second working method, the convertible figure of confusion (22) is converted into part surface scattering at least, and described wavelength filter array (23,24) adopt this relative position each other, making has more light by two wavelength filter array (23 with respect to first working method, the filter element of printing opacity 24) and subsequently the image component of the figure of confusion (22) by in second working method, being converted into scattering and image display (1) arrive observer (7), therefore scene or object are that two dimension is visible for observer (7).
39. the device according to claim 38 is characterized in that, be provided with more than two, number is the wavelength filter array of W, wherein W-1 wavelength filter array is movably at least.
40. the device according to one of claim 38 or 39 is characterized in that, each movably wavelength filter array (23,24) mobile be defined on the line direction of the grid that the image component by image display constitutes.
41. device according to claim 40, it is characterized in that each of the defined movably mobile route ratio of wavelength filter array (23,24) is positioned at respective wavelength filter array (23, the horizontal cycle of the filter element of the printing opacity 24) is little, if this cycle exists.
42. the device according to one of claim 38 to 41 is characterized in that, in order to move each movably wavelength filter array (23,24), is provided with motor actuator, for example piezoelectric positioner.
43. the device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, as the device that is used for evenly throwing light in second working method, the film (44) of optical scattering is set between wavelength filter array (3) and optical conductor (19).
44. the device according to claim 43 is characterized in that, in order to be converted to first working method, preferably by rolling and Zhan Zhi mechanism (45) removes the film (44) between wavelength filter (3) and the optical conductor (19).
45. device according to claim 43, it is characterized in that film is constructed to electrophoresis assembly (43), its optical scattering in second working method, and in first working method, be printing opacity, wherein the conversion between second and first working method realizes by influencing electrophoretic characteristic.
46. device according to one of claim 24 to 37 or 43 to 45, it is characterized in that, wavelength filter array (3) is constructed to the electrophoresis assembly, controller is equipped with and, wherein from the direction of observer (7), lighttight filter element is converted into light absorbing in first working method, and is converted into catoptrical in second working method.
47. be used for the device of the image of displayed scene or object,
-have by a plurality of printing opacities, be disposed in the image display (1) that constitutes by the image component in row and/or the grid that constitutes of row, on these image components, can show image information from a plurality of perspective views of scene or object,
-have and on the direction of observation of observer (7), be disposed in afterwards, the plane, the controlled wavelength filter array (3) of described image display (1), it by a plurality of be arranged be expert at and/or be listed as in filter element constitute, part in these filter elements is a printing opacity in the presetted wavelength scope
-having and on direction of observation, be disposed in described wavelength filter array (3) light source (2) afterwards, described light source is the flat illumination source preferably,
-wherein in first working method, the filter element of remainder is controlled as lighttight, and the assigned portions image component arrival observer (7) of institute that light passes through at least a portion the filter element of printing opacity and passes through image display (1) subsequently from described light source, therefore scene or object are three-dimensional visible for observer (7)
-it is characterized in that,
-described wavelength filter array (3) is constructed to electrophoresis assembly (40), and in second working method, and the filter element of remainder is controlled as printing opacity, so scene or object are that two dimension is visible for observer (7).
48. device according to one of aforementioned claim, it is characterized in that, be used for to first working method of the three-dimensional display of small part respectively, each eye of observer are main but be not definite selection of shown image information of only seeing a plurality of perspective views of scene or object, therefore locate to produce spatial impression the observer.
CN2003801071305A 2002-12-20 2003-12-19 Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation Expired - Fee Related CN1729702B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10261657.4 2002-12-20
DE10261657A DE10261657A1 (en) 2002-12-20 2002-12-20 Arrangement for 2D or 3D representation has second mode in which light from radiation plane between filter array and image reproduction device passes through reproduction device but not filter array
DE10317614A DE10317614A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 Image representation arrangement selectively providing 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional image of scene or object
DE10317614.4 2003-04-11
PCT/EP2003/014605 WO2004057878A2 (en) 2002-12-20 2003-12-19 Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2011100733600A Division CN102143373B (en) 2002-12-20 2003-12-19 Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1729702A true CN1729702A (en) 2006-02-01
CN1729702B CN1729702B (en) 2011-05-18

Family

ID=32404382

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN2003801071305A Expired - Fee Related CN1729702B (en) 2002-12-20 2003-12-19 Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN1729702B (en)
DE (1) DE10261657A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102207576A (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-05 索尼公司 Light source device and stereoscopic display apparatus
CN102563401A (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-07-11 索尼公司 Light source device and stereoscopic display device
CN102692721A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-09-26 上海交通大学 2D/3D (two-dimensional/three-dimensional) switchable autostereoscopic display device and method
CN102692722A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-09-26 上海交通大学 2D/3D switchable automatic stereoscopic display device and method base on parallax barrier
CN104375275B (en) * 2013-08-13 2017-01-18 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 Method and device capable of simultaneously displaying 2D and 3D dynamic images

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007054011B4 (en) * 2007-11-09 2012-06-14 Visumotion Gmbh Method and arrangement for spatial representation
DE102009022049B4 (en) * 2009-05-18 2011-02-03 Visumotion Gmbh Method and arrangement for spatial representation
EP2495602A1 (en) * 2011-03-01 2012-09-05 Thomson Licensing Autostereoscopic display and method for operating the same
DE102012018191B4 (en) 2012-09-10 2021-09-30 Global 3D Media Holding Co., Ltd. Procedure and arrangement for spatial representation

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0544332B1 (en) * 1991-11-28 1997-01-29 Enplas Corporation Surface light source device
DE20121318U1 (en) * 2000-01-25 2002-07-11 4D Vision Gmbh Arrangement for the spatial representation of a scene / an object
DE10015796A1 (en) * 2000-03-28 2001-10-11 4D Vision Gmbh Illumination device for auto-stereoscopic display, has controllable birefringent material between filter array and mask

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102207576A (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-05 索尼公司 Light source device and stereoscopic display apparatus
CN102207576B (en) * 2010-03-31 2015-09-30 索尼公司 Light supply apparatus and stereoscopic display device
US9268148B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2016-02-23 Sony Corporation Light source device and stereoscopic display apparatus
US9507159B2 (en) 2010-03-31 2016-11-29 Sony Corporation Light source device and stereoscopic display apparatus
CN102563401A (en) * 2010-09-27 2012-07-11 索尼公司 Light source device and stereoscopic display device
US9285597B2 (en) 2010-09-27 2016-03-15 Sony Corporation Light source device and stereoscopic display
CN102692721A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-09-26 上海交通大学 2D/3D (two-dimensional/three-dimensional) switchable autostereoscopic display device and method
CN102692722A (en) * 2012-05-07 2012-09-26 上海交通大学 2D/3D switchable automatic stereoscopic display device and method base on parallax barrier
CN102692722B (en) * 2012-05-07 2014-07-09 上海交通大学 2D/3D switchable automatic stereoscopic display device and method base on parallax barrier
CN102692721B (en) * 2012-05-07 2014-09-10 上海交通大学 2D/3D (two-dimensional/three-dimensional) switchable autostereoscopic display device and method
CN104375275B (en) * 2013-08-13 2017-01-18 张家港康得新光电材料有限公司 Method and device capable of simultaneously displaying 2D and 3D dynamic images

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10261657A1 (en) 2004-07-01
CN1729702B (en) 2011-05-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102143373B (en) Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation
KR100964467B1 (en) Display apparatus
KR100964466B1 (en) Display apparatus
CN1286655C (en) Color electric paper writing apparatus
CN1314990C (en) Image display device, portable terminal device, display panel and image display method using the same
CN1249498C (en) Reflection display device and optical prism arrangement thin sheet
CN1837920A (en) Image display device and portable terminal device using the same
CN1860403A (en) Directional display apparatus
CN1856813A (en) Multi-view display
CN1234038C (en) Lighting device and liquid crystal display
CN1479153A (en) Image display medium and image writer
CN1201180C (en) Light displacement device and light display system
CN1920615A (en) Three-dimensional display device and driving method thereof
CN1854864A (en) Display device, terminal device, light source device, and optical member
US20120306861A1 (en) Light source device and display
JP2013109355A (en) Display, and light source device
CN1890988A (en) 2D/3D image display
TW201202799A (en) Liquid display device
CN1866112A (en) Illuminator for emitting at least two lights having directivity and display apparatus using same
CN1542495A (en) Three-dimensional image display device, portable terminal device, and lenticular lens
CN1667472A (en) Optical member, backlight assembly and display device having the same
CN101517630A (en) Display device
CN1993727A (en) Liquid crystal display device
CN105652490A (en) Display spectacles and driving method thereof
CN1729702A (en) Arrangement for two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
ASS Succession or assignment of patent right

Owner name: CHUANSHUWANG VIDEO HOLDING COMPANY

Free format text: FORMER OWNER: XINJINGXIANG CO., LTD.

Effective date: 20090925

C41 Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model
TA01 Transfer of patent application right

Effective date of registration: 20090925

Address after: Luxemburg Luxemburg

Applicant after: X3D. Technologies GmbH

Address before: Analytik Jena

Applicant before: X3d Technologies GmbH

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20110518

Termination date: 20131219