DE10053868C2 - Arrangement for two- or three-dimensional representation of images of a scene or an object - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an arrangement for displaying images of a scene or an object equipped with an image display device from a A variety of picture elements on which picture information is viewed from multiple perspectives views of the scene / object can be displayed, with one in the viewing direction Viewer of the wavelength filter array arranged downstream of the image display device, that from a large number of translucent in predetermined wavelength ranges There are filter elements and with a lighting device, depending from the lighting of the picture elements and filter elements the scene / the object is perceptible in two or three dimensions for the viewer.

Arrangements with which images can be perceived three-dimensionally especially known in the form of autostereoscopic displays.

No. 5,897,184 A, for example, is an arrangement for three-dimensional representation be in the form of an autostereoscopic display with a lighting device wrote. This arrangement serves either the two- or three-dimensional dar position. In the lighting device, an extensively extended light guide is provided see, on which notches or knobs are arranged, one for 3D operation generate required structured lighting. The disadvantage here is that the manufacturer development of a light guide structured in this way is relatively high technological effort required. In addition, the lighting described here device in connection with the autosteroscopic display disadvantageously essentially only suitable for two-channel 3D display.  

US 5,349,379 A also describes an autostereoscopic display with a Lighting device in which a large number of narrow, long lamps drive in this way It is conceivable that an image composed of two perspective views is structured is illuminated, whereby the image can be perceived three-dimensionally. Are disadvantageous here the necessarily high number of lamps and again only usability restricted to essentially two-channel 3D representations of this lighting system.

Arrangements have also been developed with which images are not only three-dimensional regional, but depending on the specified operating mode, alternatively two or can be represented in three dimensions. The switchover between two-dimensional and three-dimensional representation usually by a flux on the alignment of the illumination beam path achieved. Derogatory is therefore wise with the switch from two to three-dimensional dar position or vice versa an undesirable change in brightness or otherwise unwanted influence on the image quality.

A method of this type with an associated arrangement describes, for example JP 3119889 AA. Here LC displays are used and barrier patterns are created. On this is depending on the control of the LC display or the barrier generated pattern a switch between the two-dimensional and three-dimensional The image content shown on the display can be displayed. However, the The arrangement described here is disadvantageous in that two image display devices are used have to be, which makes the arrangement relatively material and thus becomes expensive.

Also a display with a switch between the two and three diodes Dimensional representation is possible is described in US 5,751,479 A. At the sem Display are with vertically extended stripe-shaped red, green and Filter blue for stripes that are also nested into each other predefined directions of propagation for the light. Therefore, a Be with each eye, make a picture with vertical stripes. Un The advantage of this arrangement is that a viewer is in a viewing position tion must persist and the number of views to be displayed due to the geometric conditions is limited to a maximum of four views. The order switching between the two- and three-dimensional representation is here achieved a switchable diffuser.  

Another disadvantage of such a structure is that they are used as a barrier State-of-the-art LC displays only up to a screen size of about 30 inches available and therefore not for large-format display of a Scene or an object are suitable. They also occur when using the unpleasant moiré for both the lighting and the image Effects on.

For some applications, there is an operating mode for autostereoscopic displays desirable, in which only selected sections of the scene / Object can be perceived three-dimensionally, while the rest Part is perceptible in two dimensions. Often it is also desirable that  sections represented in two or three dimensions within the ge to vary the velvet display. Such arrangement known from the prior art However, it can only be implemented with great effort.

US 5,584,556 A and US 5,550,676 A describe flat lighting sources ben where the light guide principle is used. US 5,584,566 A the equalization of the radiation intensity over the radiating surface achieved by the light guide has grooves on one side, by which affects the light decoupling. In US 5,550,676 A, however, the The emitted light is evened out by the fact that the front or back of the light guide optical elements for defined light output lung.

Based on this, the invention has for its object an arrangement of the gangs described further develop such that in a simple manner with Beibe maintaining good image quality both switching from a two-dimensional on a three-dimensional representation and vice versa is possible as well agreed three-dimensional sections of the scene / object shown can be placed while the remaining part is perceptible in two dimensions.

According to the invention there are means for switching between several different ones Operating modes are provided in which the illuminating light either for the purpose of two Dimensional representation only through the image elements of the image reproduction device, but not through filter elements of the wavelength filter array reaches the viewer or for at least three-dimensional representation a part of the filter elements of the wavelength filter array and subsequently by one assigned part of the picture elements of the picture display device for loading trachten arrives.

With this arrangement the scene or the object can be chosen by the viewer be shown so that either a total of two-dimensional or a three-dimensional perception is possible. Deviating from this, it is white but also possible, just one or more three-dimensional image sections nal to represent the rest of the image in two dimensions, namely when an operating mode is selected in which only in three areas, the three-dimensional image cutouts correspond to the illuminating light both through the filter elements of the Wavelength filter arrays as below also by the associated Bildele elements of the image display device reaches the viewer.  

As a means of doing this, for example, between the picture and the viewer's gaze playback device and the wavelength filter array a first plan lighting source and behind the wavelength filter array in front of a second plan lighting source seen and both plan lighting sources with separately controllable on / off switches coupled.

Depending on the control, the on / off switch can thus be reached in a simple manner. that in a first mode of operation for the purpose of two-dimensional representation, only the first  Plan lighting source is turned on and illuminating light only through the picture reproducing device, but not through the wavelength filter array to The viewer arrives and in a second operating mode for the purpose of three-dimensional display only the second plan lighting source is switched on and lighting always shines through the wavelength filter array and the image display device through to the viewer.

The scene or the object are for the viewer when preselecting the first Operating mode overall two-dimensional, when preselecting the second operating mode overall perceptible in three dimensions.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the wavelength filter array is an Ra assigned from a variety of individually controllable shutter elements, each depending on the number of controlled shutter elements, the path of the second planbe Illumination source generated illumination light by a larger or smaller An number of filter elements is interrupted or released.

With this and in conjunction with the on / off switches mentioned above, three can be used Realize operating modes. So it can be achieved that in a first mode, in wel Only the first plan lighting source is switched on and illuminating light only by the image display device, but not by the wavelength filter arrays through the viewer, perceive the entire image in two dimensions is cash.

In a second operating mode, only the second plan lighting source is in turn switched on and the illuminating light always passes through the wavelength filter array and the image display device through to the viewer, whereby the ge entire image can be perceived three-dimensionally.

In a further third operating mode, both plan lighting sources are switched on and a predetermined number of shutter elements is controlled so that the loading Illuminated light in areas of the controlled ("opened") shutter elements both through the filter elements as well as through the assigned picture elements and consequently reaches the viewer with a given direction of propagation while the illuminating light in areas of the uncontrolled ("unopened") shut terelemente only through the image display device, but not through assigned filter elements and therefore not with a predetermined spread direction to the viewer. As a result, the scene / object is in view  on the areas of the uncontrolled shutter elements two-dimensionally, however with three dimensions true to the areas of the controlled shutter elements nehmbar. In a special embodiment, one or both can be provided To couple plan lighting sources to dimmers, which means that the hel is adjustable and can be adjusted so that the brightness of the first plan illumination source, preferably about a factor of three, is less than the brightness the second plan lighting source.

In the following, for the sake of completeness, we will first deal with which way directions of light propagation from the image display device be given to the viewer so that image information depending on the destination predominantly get to one or the other eye of the viewer and so for the Viewer the three-dimensional impression arises.

It is already known to specify directions of propagation for the light emanating from the picture elements denoted below by α _ij , which are dependent on the wavelength of this light and the position of the picture elements, the directions of spread being within a viewing space in which one or stop multiple viewers from crossing at a variety of intersections. Each of these intersection points corresponding to a viewing position, and each of these Be trachtungspositionen from an observer sees with one eye predominantly Figu elements α _ij a first selection and with the other eye predominantly image elements α _ij a second selection.

If the image display device shows on the picture elements α _ij combined picture information from different perspective views A _k (k = 1... N), the viewer sees the scene / the object partly to the right, partly to the left eye due to the assignment of the picture information perspective.

The directions of propagation are predetermined by the interaction of the plurality of picture elements α _ij with the multiplicity of filter elements β _pq , one picture element α _ij corresponding to several assigned filter elements β _pq or one filter element β _pq corresponding to several assigned picture elements α _ij such that each because the connecting straight line between the surface center of the visible section of a picture element α _ij and the surface center of the visible section of a filter element β _pq corresponds to a direction of propagation.

For the purpose of specifying the directions of propagation, the positions i, j of the image elements te α _ij on the raster-type image display device are precisely defined. The filter elements β _pq , which are to correspond to these picture elements α _ij , are assigned defined positions p, q on the wavelength filter array. The propagation directions then result from the positions i, j of the picture elements α _{ij of} the image reproduction device, the positions p, q of the corresponding filter elements β _pq on the wavelength filter array and the distance z between the picture reproduction device and the wavelength filter array.

The assignment of the image information to be represented from the views A _k (k = 1... N) to image elements α _ij as well as the positioning of these image elements α _ij in the grid of the image display device can be carried out using the following function

Herein are marked with

• i the index of a picture element α _ij in one line of the grid,
• j the index of a picture element α _ij in a column of the grid,
• - k is the consecutive number of the view A _k (k = 1... n) from which the image information originating from a particular picture element α _ij originates,
• - n the total number of views A _{k used} (k = 1... n),
• - c _ij a selectable coefficient matrix for combining or mixing the different image information from the views A _k (k = 1... n) on the grid and
• - IntegerPart a function to generate the largest integer that the in The square brackets do not exceed the argument.

In other words: The indices ij denote the positions of picture elements α _ij , for which it is to be specified from which of the views A _k (k = 1... N) the picture information to be displayed is to be obtained. Here i stands for the horizontal index (with values from 1 to the horizontal pixel resolution, in the case of displaying the image information on RGB subpixels that is three times the value of the pixel resolution) and j for the vertical index (with values from 1 to the value of vertical picture element resolution).

If for any, but a fixed number n of views A _k (k = 1... N), all of which have the same image resolution or the same format that is to be displayed on the grid, from image information of the views A _k ( k = 1... n) overall picture to be combined is to be taken into account for the combination rule that the coefficient matrix c _ij may have values as entries which correspond to real numbers. Natural numbers greater than "zero" in the above range are possible for i and j.

The total image shown on the grid, combined from the various image information of the views A _k (k = 1... N) is generated when these parameters are specified in accordance with the function specified above by going through all possible index pairs i, j. As a further prerequisite for the generation of a spatial representation, it must also be determined how the filter elements β _pq , which in cooperation with the picture elements α _ij specify the directions of propagation, are to be positioned within the wavelength filter array with columns p and lines q.

The filter elements β _pq have transparency wavelength or transparency wavelength ranges λ _b , which preferably correspond to the wavelength or wavelength range λ _a of the light emitted by the corresponding picture elements α _ij . A transparency wavelength / a transparency wavelength range λ _b can also stand for a combination of different wavelength ranges (e.g. transparent for the combination of blue and red, but not for green). The index b can accordingly have values from 1 to the maximum number of the defined transparency wavelengths / wavelength ranges λ _b . In the case of a wavelength filter array which is intended to let light of the primary colors R, G, B pass at predetermined positions defined by the index pair p, q, while at other such positions the entire visible spectrum is to be blocked, b _max = 4 for example, the transparency wavelengths / wavelength ranges λ ₁ , λ ₂ and λ ₃ red (R), green (G) or blue em (B) light and the transparency wavelength / the transparency wavelength range λ ₄ is completely outside the spectral range of the total visible light. Such a transparency wavelength / such a transparency wavelength range λ ₄ then results in an opaque filter (S).

The filter elements β _pq on the array can therefore be viewed as translucent, transparent or opaque parts of a mask image. The position of each filter element β _pq is clearly defined by the index p, q. Each filter element β _pq is assigned a specific transparency wavelength or a specific transparency wavelength range λ _b . The wavelength filters β _{pq are structured} into a mask image - analogously to the combination of the image information of the various views A _k (k = 1... N) to form an overall image - according to the following rule:

With

• p the index of a filter element β _pq in a row of the array,
• q the index of a filter element β _pq in a column of the array,
• b an integer which defines one of the provided transparency wavelengths / wavelength ranges λ _b for a filter element β _pq at position p, q and can have values between 1 and b _max ,
• n _{m is} an integer value greater than zero, which preferably corresponds to the total number b _{max of} the transparency wavelengths / wavelength ranges, the total number b _max again preferably corresponding to the total number n of the views A _k shown in the combination image,
• - d _{pq of} a selectable mask coefficient matrix for varying the generation of a mask image and
• - IntegerPart of a function for generating the largest integer that the in The square brackets do not exceed the argument.

The selectable coefficient matrix d _pq can have values as entries which correspond to real numbers. For p and q, which (as already described) describe positions within the wavelength filter array, natural numbers greater than "zero" are possible. The filter elements β _pq as elements of the mask image preferably have essentially the same surface area as the image elements α _ij .

So much for explaining the creation of the three-dimensional representation. In a particularly preferred development, the present invention is designed as follows:
The first plan lighting source essentially consists of a plate-shaped light guide which is delimited by two mutually opposite large areas, one of which faces the image display device, the second faces the wavelength filter array, and of circumferential narrow areas. This light guide is fed by at least one light source, the radiation of which is coupled through one or more of the narrow surfaces into the light guide. Within the light guide, the radiation is reflected back and forth in part as a result of total reflection on the two large areas and in part is emitted as useful light over the first large area. In this way, large-area plan lighting sources for large-area image display devices can be produced.

In the case of a plan lighting source designed in this way, advantageously the second large area of the light guide with a coating that interferes with total reflection tion should be provided, their interference power over the extent of the second large area is inhomogeneous between two limit values, the limit values differing from the Density of the coating are dependent and the density d is a measure of the mean Particle distance per unit area.

The light density distribution can thus be influenced in a simple manner with little complex technical means and a desired light density distribution can be generated over the large radiating surface. The underlying function can be explained as follows:
With each reflection on the first large area within the light guide, only a portion of the radiation due to total reflection is reflected back into the light guide, while a remaining portion emerges continuously as useful light through the first large area. With the coating applied according to the invention on the opposite second large area, the total reflection is disturbed by changing the reflection behavior by influencing the angle of reflection at the second large area so that more light hits the radiating large area at an angle at which the to tal reflection no longer occurs there can take place and thereby a larger amount of light than useful light comes out.

The light guide described here is a transparent body, for example made of glass, acrylic glass or polystyrene and thus from a denser one Medium exists as the surrounding air. It is known that where the lateral surface of a light guide in close contact with neighboring substances or objects comes, the total reflection is disturbed and the result is scattered radiation. This is fundamentally undesirable in fiber optic technology. The present design The invention, however, uses this effect to add the total reflection to the second large surface of the plate-shaped light guide defined to interfere, so that the disturbance assets differ in different areas of the large area is characterized as shown below.

The differentiated interference in different areas of the second large area can, for example, be specified such that with increasing distance x from a Narrow surface into which the light is coupled, the interference of the coating is increasingly stronger. The disruptive power can be progressive in parallel  strip-shaped surface sections aligned with this narrow surface be trained.

Thus, it can be provided that a coating is applied in a first surface section near the narrow surface, in which the average distance of the particles per unit area is large and the disturbance of the total reflection is therefore relatively small. In the next surface section aligned parallel to this, which begins, for example, at a distance x ₁ from the narrow surface, the average distance of the particles per unit area is smaller than in the first surface section and the disturbance of the total reflection is thus more pronounced. In a third surface section, starting at x ₂ from the relevant narrow surface, the mean distance of the particles per unit area is again smaller, ie there are more particles per unit area, which means that the total reflection in this area is even stronger is disturbed. This continues in this way over the entire second large area, where the surface section that is furthest away from the narrow area in question has the greatest density of particles per unit area and thus also the disturbance is most pronounced there.

This is the total reflection near the narrow surface into which the light is radiated xion least disturbed, but is due to the larger still there Light intensity is a sufficiently large proportion of the light due to the large emitting surface uncoupled. With increasing distance from the narrow surface and with too increasing density of the particles in the coating, however, the total reflection is per gressive increasingly disturbed, so that in each of the areas of the radiating Large area, which are opposite these sections, despite the ge already there an approximately equally large amount of light is effectively coupled out becomes how close to the narrow surface.

In this way, an almost homogeneously luminous large area can be achieved has at least three times the measurable luminance per unit area than this is the case with comparable plan lighting sources from the prior art. This is particularly noticeable with very large-area light guides, which is Large-screen displays are an advantage.

A further increase in brightness is possible with a further configuration variant, in which the interference of the coating with increasing distances x ₁ and x ₂ , starting from two narrow surfaces, into which light is coupled, is increasingly stronger. These can be two narrow surfaces that lie opposite each other in parallel on the light guide. In this case too, the coating can be designed such that the interference power increases progressively in strip-shaped sections aligned parallel to one another and to the narrow surfaces, to a maximum that is approximately in the middle of the longitudinal extent of the second large surface.

A coating is preferably applied to the outside of the second large area as a coating. This results in simple options for applying the coating, which have already proven themselves technologically and which are the ones for many applications ke sufficient coating result. The local paint density is an equivalent for the interference at that location. The paint density can be determined according to the function d = f (x) be defined, where x is the measure for the distance from the narrow surface into which the Light is coupled in, while d corresponds to a density value. The following applies, for example wise d = 1 for a completely painted area and d = 0 for an unpainted area Area of the second large area.

In an advantageous embodiment, it can be used as a density function

d = f (x) = a ₃ .x ³ + a ₂ .x ² + a ₁ .x + a ₀

be specified, the parameters a ₀ , a ₁ , a ₂ and a _{3 being} selectable. For example, the parameters a ₀ = 0, a ₁ = 4, a ₂ = -4 and a ₃ = 0 have proven successful.

This embodiment of the invention is not necessarily limited to Third degree polynomials; in individual applications it can also make sense be full, a density function in the form of a polynomial higher than the third degree desirable.

A further embodiment is conceivable in such a way that the density d is not only dependent the distance x from the narrow surface into which the light is coupled, is specified, but also as a function of the perpendicular to it Coordinate y. Then, for example, the paint density is defined according to the function d = f (x, y) niert, where x is a measure of the distance from the narrow surface as already described into which the light is coupled, but y is a measure for a position perpendicular to this distance. This means that the density for each location x, y on the second large area the coating can be specified and the light can be influenced amount in an opposite area due to the large radiating area exit.  

The density function d = f (x, y) can be of particular interest if a very specific luminance profile is to be generated across the radiating large area. Thus, with the function d = 1 for [0.4 <x <0.6 and 0.4 <y <0.6], otherwise d = 0, he can achieve a particularly bright spot approximately in the middle of the radiating large area , if the values x and y are also standardized here, ie if, for example, x _min = y _min = 0, x _max = y _max = 1. In this way, very high luminance levels can be achieved in this middle spot.

The application of the paint on the outside of the second large area can be done by a conventional Printing processes, e.g. B. by screen printing, by a correspond to the density function be generated image that includes the entire second large area, wherein here again d = 1 for a fully coated surface unit and d = 0 not one Surface unit provided with lacquer applies. This image can be generated if necessary based on a gradation curve.

In a modified version, the entire second large area can be viewed from the outside homogeneously painted, d. H. be provided with a coating of uniform density. Then a particularly large amount of light is emitted through the large radiating surface, whereby however, inhomogeneities occur because the In. near the incident light source intensity is greater.

In a further special embodiment of the invention it is provided that the loading Layering of a large number of particles with higher and particles with lower Interference is formed, the ste in predetermined proportions to each other hen, in areas where total reflection is more disturbed should, the particles with higher interference and in areas where the Total reflection should be less disturbed, the particles with less interference may prevail. Are very advantageous as particles with higher interference matt silver particles and shiny silver parts as particles with low interference Chen use.

Furthermore, it can be provided that parts of the coating are left out and the second large area in these subareas provide the highest possible light permeability. In special cases, these sub-areas can be gene, freely selectable patterns can be arranged.

In a special further development of the invention is the wavelength filter array on its side facing the image display device with reflecting or  scattering surface elements and at least one light source is in front act, whose radiation in the first mode of operation only on the side of the wavelength fil terarrays with the reflecting or scattering surface elements is directed, in the second mode only on the side of the wavelength facing away from the viewer filter arrays is directed and in the third operating mode only to selected areas che the side of the wavelength filter array facing away from the viewer is directed.

Here, too, a three-dimensional representation is generated in the second operating mode, because the illuminating light through both the wavelength filter array and the Image display device reaches the viewer. Is doing on the image Grid of the image display device a combination image from several perspectives vansichten of the scene / the object is created for the viewer of the three-dimensional impression for the reasons already stated, namely because for each eye of the beholder is relatively affected by the positions of the filter elements to the positions of assigned picture elements or by means of the offs determined with them directions of light distribution only assigned image information from the perspective vans are visible.

In contrast, in the first operating mode, the illuminating light does not pass through the filter elements elements and subsequently through the picture elements, but meets the Viewer side of the wavelength filter array, there on the reflecting or scattering surface elements and is consequently removed from this side of the Wavelength filter arrays reflected in the direction of the image display device or scattered, passes through the translucent picture elements and reaches both Eyes of the beholder. A direction selection or an assignment of thus occurs Image information to the right or left eye of the beholder does not result in what The consequence is that the representation of the scene / object by the viewer is not three dimensional, but perceived two-dimensionally.

In this way it is possible with relatively simple means, a whole area two-dimensional representation or an all-over three-dimensional representation of the To create scene / object.

Now a grid is made analogous to the configuration already described above arranged individually controllable shutter elements, the shutter elements to correspond at least approximately to the size of a filter element or a picture element, it is also achieved here that the illuminating light directed onto the surface elements  by controlling certain shutter elements can be blocked.

If this arrangement is used in a third operating mode, only one of a number of area not corresponding to uncontrolled ("unopened") shutter elements of the wavelength filter array is illuminated, the light arrives there as in the first loading mode of operation on the back of the image display device, passes through the translucent Image elements and reaches both eyes of the viewer without directional selection ters. The viewer takes out an image corresponding to this area section cut true in two dimensions.

On the other hand, the light passes through the other controlled ("opened") shutter elements te, then by the wavelength filter array and also by the image reproduction direction, with the viewer corresponding to these surface sections Perceives image sections in three dimensions.

In this way, it is also possible here with relatively simple means, the same a two-dimensional or three-dimensional representation in sections of the scene / object.

The illuminating light can come from two mutually independent light sources hen, the radiation from a first of the two light sources exclusively the side facing away from the viewer and the radiation from the second light source single Lich on the side facing the viewer and provided with surface elements of the wavelength filter array is directed.

To the illuminating light in the manner indicated on the wavelength filter array or to be able to point at the image display device, either of the two A controllable on / off switch can be assigned to light sources. The control of the On / off switch or the shutter elements, which can be parts of an LC shutter, can by means of a PC and appropriate software that the switching states for the ge desired operating modes.

It is also conceivable to use only one instead of the two separately switchable light sources Provide light source and arrange pivoting reflectors through which in a first swivel position, the radiation emanating from this light source only on the side of the wavelength filter array facing away from the viewer, in a second Swivel position only on the side of the wavelength filter array with the reflecting  or scattering surface elements and in a third pivot position that of radiation emanating from this light source onto both the one facing away from the viewer Side of the wavelength filter array as well as on the side of the wavelength filter array with the reflecting or scattering surface elements. With that and in connection with controllable shutters that are in the beam path between the light source and the reflectors are positioned, the three operating modes mentioned realize.

The wavelength filter array is preferably designed as a static filter and the reflector or scattering surface elements are only on the opaque Positioned areas of the static filter.

The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments become. Show in the accompanying drawings

Fig. 1 shows an example of the basic structure of the arrangement according to the invention for optional full-surface two- or three-dimensional display with an image display device, a wavelength filter array and with plan lighting sources;

Fig. 2 shows a greatly enlarged section of the image structure of the image playback device;

Fig. 3 is a greatly enlarged detail of the structure of the Wellenlän genfilterarrays;

Fig. 4 shows an example of the basic structure of the arrangement according to the invention for optionally two-dimensional, three-dimensional or three-dimensional image or two-dimensional representation;

5 shows the configuration of one of the flat illumination sources as a planar optical waveguide with a light source.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a possible structuring of the density d of the coating in the plan lighting source according to FIG. 5 in a greatly enlarged illustration;

FIG. 7 shows an example of the equipment of the flat illumination source of Figure 5 with an additional light source for coupling light into the light guide.

Fig. 8 is an example of a possible structure of the density d of the coating loading in the flat illumination source of Figure 7 in strong magnification ßerter representation.

Fig. 9 to 11 examples of different density distributions over the second major surface of time during execution of the flat illumination source accelerator as Figures 5 and 6 after coating...;

FIG. 12 shows an example of the density distribution over the second large area away when the plan lighting source according to FIG. 7 is used and the coating according to FIG. 8;

FIG. 13 is an example of the basic structure of the present invention An arrangement according to Fig 4 with integrated flat illumination source in the embodiment according to Fig 5 but without coating 10..;

FIG. 14 is an example of the inventive arrangement of scattering or reflective surface elements array on the wavelength filter;

Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of the lighting device according to the invention with scattering or reflecting surface elements, a planar light source and with reflectors.

Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the arrangement for the two-dimensional or three-dimensional display of images of a scene or an object. From the viewing direction B of a viewer in succession, the following are symbolically drawn here: an image display device 1 , which consists of a multiplicity of translucent image elements on which image information from a plurality of perspective views of the scene / the object can be represented; a first plan lighting source 2 belonging to the lighting device of the arrangement; a Wellenlän genefilterarray 3 , which consists of a plurality of translucent filter elements in predetermined wavelength ranges and a second plan lighting source 4 belonging to the lighting device of the arrangement.

The wavelength filter array 3 consists of a large number of filter elements with dimensions approximately 0.99 mm (width) and 0.297 mm (height). These dimensions are matched to a color LC display "Batron BT 63212", which is intended to serve as an image reproduction device 1 , for example. The distance between image display device 1 and wavelength filter array 3 is approximately 2 mm in the selected example.

The control circuit 5 , also symbolically indicated, has the function of an identifier, which consists in generating combination images to be displayed on the image display device 1 from a plurality of views, in particular perspective views of the scene or the object to be represented. These combination images can be both still images or, if appropriate, also moving images that change in predetermined short time cycles and are generated flicker-free. In addition, the control circuit 5 causes the on / off switching of the two plan lighting sources 2 and 4 , which are each assigned separately controllable on / off switches for this purpose (not shown in the drawing).

Depending on the specification by the control circuit 5, it is possible to switch between several different operating modes in which the illuminating light either reaches the viewer only for the purpose of two-dimensional representation only through the picture elements of the image reproduction device 1 , but not through filter elements of the wavelength filter array 3 , or for the purpose of three-dimensional representation through the filter elements of the wavelength filter array 3 and subsequently also through the picture elements of the image display device 1 through to the viewer.

Fig. 2 shows an example of a greatly enlarged section of the image structure of the image display device 1 with the plurality of picture elements. Each of the subpixels shown in the form of squares in FIG. 2 always has exactly the same position i, j within the image grid of rows and columns with respect to a perspective view. In this case, whoever the combination image to be generated is based on eight perspective views, ie the image information that is to be reproduced on the individual image elements is obtained from eight perspective views and combined to form an overall image which corresponds in its areal extent to the image display device. The numbers 1 to 8 entered in the picture elements each designate one of the eight perspective views from which the respective picture information originates. The grid of picture elements, which is shown in a significantly enlarged form, has, for example, a total of 1024 columns and 768 lines, depending on the color LC display used.

In order to ensure that the viewer always sees image information from different views, ie from different image channels at the same time, the wavelength filter array 3 is structured as a function of the individual image elements of the image display device 1 , which preferably have pixel or sub-pixel size, as this is shown by way of example in FIG. 3.

Fig. 3 shows a likewise greatly enlarged section of the structure of the gene filter array 3 Wavelength. While each square in FIG. 2 corresponds to a picture element in pixel or sub-pixel size, in FIG. 3 each square corresponds to a filter element. The individual filter elements are marked according to their permeability for certain wavelength ranges, ie the filter elements marked with R 'are only in the red light range, the filter elements marked with G' are only in the green light range and the filter elements marked with B 'are only in Translucent area of blue light. S denotes filter elements that are opaque (in the visible spectral range). The grid of the filter elements and the picture elements are proportional or identical to one another with regard to their dimensions.

Fig. 4 shows a structure of the arrangement according to the invention, with which the scene / the object can be reproduced either two-dimensionally over the entire surface, three-dimensionally over the entire surface or, if necessary, in two or three dimensions in part of the image. Here, a shutter 6 , consisting of a plurality of individually controllable shutter elements, is assigned between the plan lighting source 4 and the wavelength filter array 3 , the path of the illuminating light generated by the second plan lighting source 4 by a larger or smaller number depending on the number of controlled shutter elements Filter elements can be interrupted or released. In the following, it should be assumed that controlled shutter elements "open" the light path, while non-controlled shutter elements "block" the light path.

When the arrangement is operated, only the first plan lighting source 2 is switched on in a first operating mode for the purpose of two-dimensional representation, and illuminating light only reaches the viewer through the image display device 1 , but not through the wavelength filter array 3 . In a second mode of operation for the purpose of three-dimensional representation, only the second plan illumination source 4 is switched on, so that illumination light always passes through the wavelength filter array 3 and the image display device 1 to the viewer.

In a third operating mode, both plan lighting sources are switched on, and a predetermined number of shutter elements is activated, so that the illumination light in areas of the activated and thus the light path-releasing shutter elements reaches both through the filter elements and through the assigned image elements to the viewer, while the illuminating light in areas of the non-activated ("blocking" the light path) shutter elements only reaches the viewer through the image display device 1 .

As a result, the scene / the object can be perceived two-dimensionally in the areas of the non-controlled shutter elements, whereas it can be perceived three-dimensionally in the areas of the controlled shutter elements. A prerequisite for this, however, is that the plan lighting 4 provides a significantly higher luminance than the plan lighting 2 , which can be achieved, for example, by means of a dimmer.

In FIG. 5, the flat illumination source 2 is shown in an embodiment which includes a light source 7 and a plane light conductor 8. The light guide 8 is delimited by two mutually opposite large areas 8.1 and 8.2 and by circumferential narrow areas 8.3 and 8.4 , of which only the cuts can be seen in FIG. 5. The two further narrow surfaces delimiting the light guide 2 are conceivable in parallel under half and above the drawing plane.

The light source 7 is, for example, a rod-shaped lamp, the longitudinal alignment of which is oriented perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. It is positioned so that the radiation emanating from it is coupled through the narrow surface 8.3 into the light guide 8 . The injected radiation is reflected back and forth to a portion L ₁ within the light guide and radiated to a portion L ₂ as useful light over the large surface 8.1 . In a separate case, the narrow surface 8.4 opposite the coupling can be designed to be reflective, so that radiation directed there is reflected back into the light guide.

In a preferred embodiment, the light source 7 can also be assigned a reflector 9 , which contributes to increasing the intensity of the radiation directed onto the narrow surface 8.3 and coupled into the light guide 8 .

In order to be able to influence the luminance distribution over the radiating large area 8.1 to a predetermined extent, according to the invention on the large area 8.2 opposite the radiating large area 8.1 there is provided a coating 10 which interferes with the total reflection and consists of individual particles and their interference properties over the areal extent the large area 8.2 between two limit values is inhomogeneous. The limit values of the interference are determined with the density d of the coating 10 , the density d being a measure of the mean distance of the particles from one another per unit area.

FIG. 6 shows an example of how the density d of the coating 10 and thus its interference properties can be structured across the large area 8.2 . In the drawing, the strips are shown very broad to explain the principle. The stripe width is preferably significantly smaller in the physical version. The large area 8.2 is shown here perpendicular to the viewing direction B.

The different density d across the large area 8.2 is symbolized by hatching with different spacing of the hatching lines. It is assumed that the surface areas with larger distances between the hatching lines indicate a lower density d and thus a lower interference capacity, whereas the surface sections with smaller distances between the hatching lines indicate a greater density d and a more pronounced interference capacity of the coating 10 .

From Fig. 6 with regard to Fig. 5 it appears that near the narrow surface 8.3 , through which the light is coupled into the light guide 8 , the density d or the Störvermö conditions low, with increasing distance x from this narrow surface 8.3 progressively stronger from surface section to surface section.

This has the consequence that the total reflection is least disturbed in the vicinity of the narrow surface 8.3 due to the lowest density d, but nevertheless a portion L _{2 of} the luminous flux emerges from the large surface 8.1 due to the still high light intensity, which is as large as the luminous flux passing through the large area 8.1 at a greater distance x from the narrow area 8.3 , since with increasing distance x the light intensity is lower, but due to the increasing disturbance of the total reflection, more light is coupled out through the radiating large area 8.1 .

In other words: with increasing distance x from the narrow surface 8.3 , the light intensity decreases, but the interference capacity of the coating 10 increases, which, with an appropriate design of the density d, leads to the fact that the light with almost the same intensity over the entire large surface 8.1 is emitted.

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment in which a further light source 11 is provided and the radiation emanating from the light source 11 is additionally radiation, namely, coupled and through the narrow surface 8.4 in the light conductor 8. In order to achieve a uniformity of the light radiation over the large area 8.1 in this case, one embodiment provides for the second large area 8.2 to be provided with a coating 10 , the interference power of which in this case starts from both narrow areas 8.3 and 8.4 towards the center of the light guide 8 is increasingly stronger up to a common maximum. This is shown in FIG. 8.

In this way it is achieved that with increasing distances x from the narrow surfaces 8.3 and 8.4 through the coating 10, the total reflection from surface section to surface section is more disturbed and thus ensures that despite the decreasing light intensity towards the center of the surface, about the same amount of light by Large surface 8.1 is emitted as useful light as close to the side surfaces 8.3 and 8.4 .

The coating 10 consisting of a large number of individual particles can be realized by un different materials. So it is conceivable, for example, that particles with higher and particles with less interference are provided and these two types of particles are applied to the large surface area 8.2 in a predetermined quantitative ratio. In areas where the total reflection is to be disturbed more, particles with a higher interference capacity predominate, and in areas where the total reflection is to be less disturbed, the particles with a lower interference capacity predominate. For example, the particles with higher interference can be matt silver particles and the particles with less interference can be shiny silver particles. These can be applied by means of printing processes, it being advantageous, for example, if the glossy silver particles are applied in a first printing process and the matt silver particles are applied in a second printing process.

An alternative embodiment, which is technologically simple to produce, provides a coating 10 consisting of a lacquer. In this case, the local paint density is equivalent to the interference at a given location. For example, if the lacquer density is defined with the function d = f (x), x, as already stated, is the measure for the distance from the narrow surface 8.3 and d is a measure for the density with the limit values d = 0 and d = 1, where 1 indicate the interference with the greatest paint density and 0 the interference with the lack of a paint layer. For example, in

d = f (x) = a ₃ .x ³ + a ₂ .x ² + a ₁ .x + a ₀

the parameters a ₀ , a ₁ , a ₂ and a _{3 can be} selected. 5 have proven to be advantageous parameter sets in connection with the arrangement according to FIG

• 1. a ₀ = 0; a ₁ = 0.5; a ₂ = 2; a ₃ = -0.5;
• 2. a ₀ = 0; a ₁ = 0; a ₂ = 1; a ₃ = 0;
• 3. a ₀ = 0; a ₁ = 0.5; a ₂ = -0.5; a ₃ = 1.

For the arrangement of FIG. 7 can advantageously be specified

• 1. a ₀ = 0, a ₁ = 4, a ₂ = -4 and a ₃ = 0.

In Fig. 9 to Fig. 12, the density distribution as a function of the distance x is shown for the parameter sets ( 1 ) to ( 4 ). The parameters are basically freely selectable. However, it must be ensured that the function d = f (x) in the definition range [x _min , x _max ] delivers values with 0 ≦ d ≦ 1. The values x _min and x _max trivially describe the horizontal extent of the large area to be painted 8.2 .

The value x _min = 0, the position of the narrow surface 8.3 and the value x _max = 1 is assuming in Fig. 9 to Fig. 12 are each associated with the position of the narrow surface 8.4. The lowest density d _min = 0 is x _min = 0, i.e. always at the narrow surface 8.3 or 8.4 , into which light is injected. The maximum density d _max = 1 is always at the greatest distance from the narrow surface 8.3 or 8.4 into which light is coupled. . In Fig. 9 to Fig 11 which is only the narrow area 8.3, is therefore here the density d _min = 0 for x _min = 0. In Figure 12, the coupling of light occurs in both narrow surfaces 8.3 and 8.4. Therefore, the density d _min = 0 is x _min = 0 and x _max = 1, the density d _max = 1 is x = 0.5.

Be light sources 7 may be used 11 in the direction y (see. Fig. 6 and Fig. 8) emit light with an inhomogeneous intensity, it can be inventively provided, the density d is not only in the direction x but y and in the direction to vary , which then gives the density function the form d = f (x, y).

This ensures that the large surface 8.2 has a denser coating 10 within the light guide 8 at locations with lower light intensity, the total reflection being more disturbed there and the intensity of the light emitted by the large surface 8.1 being increased. In contrast, a lower density d and thus a lower interference power is provided at locations of higher intensity along the coordinate y, although a sufficient amount of light as useful light passes through the large area 8.1 to the outside. An equalization of the emitted light quantity is also achieved in the direction of the coordinate y.

Of course, the interference layer 10 can not only be used to even out the amount of light emitted by the large area 8.1 , but it can also be achieved with the variation of the density d, if this is predetermined in a corresponding manner, that the preferred area sections Large area 8.1 Light with higher light intensity is emitted than through non-preferred areas. In this way, depending on the specification, light structures and light figures can be generated which, due to a greater or lesser brightness, stand out from their surroundings on the large area 8.1 . In a simple example, a particularly bright spot can be achieved in the middle of the large radiating surface 8.1 .

In a special embodiment, the entire large area 8.2 can be painted or mirrored, for example, so that a particularly large amount of light is emitted by the large area 8.1 - but then not with a homogeneous distribution.

An exemplary embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention for optionally three-dimensional or two-dimensional representation of a scene / an object is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 13, wherein a plan lighting source 2 is integrated in the embodiment according to FIG. 5. The coating 10 is not absolutely necessary in this embodiment. However, if it is attached, then preferably using the above-mentioned silver particles with different properties with regard to the disturbance of the total reflection. In an alternative embodiment, it is conceivable to design the coating 10 in the form of a lacquer layer which also forms the filter array.

In Fig. 13 are in the direction of view B of a viewer first the image reproduction device 1 in the form of a translucent LC display, the light guide 8 , a wavelength filter array 3 and the plan lighting source 4 , the latter for example as a Planon light tile (manufacturer "OSRAM ") can be formed.

To homogenize the intensity of the radiation emanating from the Planbeluchtenungsquel le 4 , a scattering be 12 is arranged between this and the wavelength filter array 3 be.

Fig. 13 shows again the already mentioned in the first embodiment, near the narrow surface 8.3 of the light guide 8 arranged light source 7 with the reflector 9 for the coupling of the radiation into the light guide 8. Both the light source 7 and the plan lighting source 4 are coupled to separately controllable on / off switches, which makes it possible to operate either only the light source 7 or only the plan lighting source 4 or both. As already described, the first and the second operating mode can thus be realized and the scene / the object can be represented in two or three dimensions over the entire surface. The third mode of operation is, as has already been shown, possible with the separate activation of a selection of individual shutter elements of the shutter 6 (cf. description of FIG. 2).

In the second operating mode, in which the plan lighting source 4 is switched on, but the light source 7 is switched off, the illuminating light reaches the eyes of the viewer through the wavelength filter array 7 , the light guide 8 and the image display device 1 , both eyes being predetermined by the Position p, q of the filter elements relative to the positions i, j of the assigned image elements, different image information are offered and for the viewer a spatial impression of the scene displayed on the image reproduction device or of the subject arises.

In the first mode of operation, only the light source 7 is switched on, with the result that only light reaches the viewer, which, although coming from the large area 8.1, has passed the picture elements of the image display device 1 and carries the picture information, but not the wavelength filter array 7 happened. This eliminates the selection and direction specification for selected image information and their assignment to the right or left eye of the viewer, so that the scene / the object is not perceived three-dimensionally, but two-dimensionally.

In the third operating mode, the light source 7 and the plan lighting source 4 are switched on. A predetermined number of shutter elements is, as also already explained, controlled in such a way that the illuminating light in selected areas passes through the filter elements as well as through the assigned image elements and consequently with a predetermined direction of propagation to the viewer, whereas the illuminating light in areas of the controlled shutter elements only through the image display device, but not through assigned filter elements and therefore does not reach the viewer with a predetermined direction of propagation. As a result, the scene / the object is perceptible two-dimensionally in areas of the shutter elements which are not actuated, but three-dimensionally in areas of the actuated shutter elements.

The coating 10 , which in the example chosen here is preferably formed from matt and shiny silver particles, ensures in this case that as much useful light as possible is emitted over the large area 8.1 . The density structure of the Beschich tung 10 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 formed, whereby it is achieved that the intensity of the emitted over the full width 8.1 useful light is largely uniformly over the entire major surface of 8.1 and thus a uniformly distributed luminance is ensured. As mentioned above, however, the coating 10 is not absolutely necessary in this exemplary embodiment.

To even out the coupling of the light from the light source 7 into the light guide 8 , cylindrical lenses (also not shown) or a diffusing screen can also be provided in front of the narrow surface 8.3 .

Another exemplary embodiment is to be presented and explained below with reference to FIG. 14, it also being possible to switch between at least two operating modes or from a three-dimensional display to a two-dimensional display and vice versa.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 14 it is provided that the side of a wavelength filter array 7 facing away from the plane illumination source 4 is coated with scattering surface elements 13 . The scattering surface elements 13 are, for example, incorporated into a 0.5 mm thick disk by etching, and this disk (not shown separately) is connected to the wavelength filter array 3 .

The etchings are only provided in surface areas which correspond to the opaque filter elements denoted by S in FIG. 3. The remaining R ', G' and B 'be marked filter elements remain free from this etching or from scattering surface elements 13 and are thus unhindered transparent.

Additional light sources 14 are positioned laterally next to the outer surface of the wavelength filter array 3 structured in such a way that the radiation emanating therefrom strikes the scattering surface elements 13 . Also, the additional light sources 14 can be assigned reflectors 15 , which ensure an increase in the intensity of the radiation directed onto the scattering surface elements 13 .

14 rod-shaped lamps are preferably used as light sources, the extent of which corresponds approximately to the length of the wavelength filter array 3 perpendicular to the plane of the zei. When positioning the light sources 14 is to be noted that the flat illumination source 4 facing side of the wavelength filter array 3 is not illuminated by this.

With switched light sources 14, the outgoing light therefrom is incident on the scattering surface elements 13 and illuminated because of the relatively small distance of only 3 mm between the wavelength filter array 3 and Bildwiedergabeein device 1 relatively diffuse and homogeneous even the illustration grid of the image reproducing device. 1

Here, too, the plan lighting source 4 and the light sources 14 can each be switched on and off separately, so that, as already mentioned, the first and second operating modes can be set.

In the first operating mode, only the light sources 14 are switched on, while the plan lighting source 4 is switched off. In this mode of operation, the combination image or scene shown on the image display device 1 can be perceived two-dimensionally for a viewer, since the direction of the light coming from the image display device 1 to the viewer is not influenced with respect to its direction by the assignment of filter elements and image elements, but rather uniformly the image display device 1 shines through and the light from all picture elements reaches the eyes of the viewer with equal rights.

In the second operating mode, the light sources 14 are switched off. The image reproduction device 1 is illuminated exclusively by means of the plan illumination source 4 through the length filter array 3 . In this operating mode, a directional selection takes place due to the positional assignment of filter elements and image elements, which, as described, ensures that only selected image information is visible to each eye of the viewer and thus creates the three-dimensional impression for the viewer.

In order to implement the third operating mode, a shutter can again be provided between the plan lighting source 4 and the wavelength filter array 3, which shutter consists of a plurality of individually controllable shutter elements which block or release areas of the light path as required. In all cases, the switching on and off of the lamps and the shutter elements can be controlled by processors with the help of software. Preferably, the plan lighting source 4 is brighter than the light sources 14 , ie the resulting luminance of the plan lighting source 4 is higher than that of the light sources 14 . This can be achieved by means of dimmers arranged in the supply circuit.

In a further embodiment variant of this arrangement, which is shown in FIG. 15, it can also be provided that only the plane illumination source 4 is present and the light emerging from the narrow surfaces of the plane illumination source 4 via reflectors 16 arranged laterally to the wavelength filter array 3 also onto that of the plane illumination source 4 facing surface 3.1 of the wavelength filter array 3 can reach.

The reflectors 16 are fixed such that the light source 4 emerging from the narrow surfaces of the planbe and directed onto the reflectors 16 is always deflected by the latter and is directed onto the surface 3.1 of the wavelength filter array 3 . Controllable shutters 17 are provided between the light-emitting narrow surfaces and the reflectors 16 , which block or release this light path depending on the control. When the light path to the reflectors is clear, the scene / object can be perceived two-dimensionally, and when the light path is blocked three-dimensionally.

In a variant of this embodiment, which is not shown in the drawing, the shutters 17 are missing, but the reflectors 16 are pivotally mounted. The radiation emanating from the plane illumination source 4 is not directed in a first pivot position onto the surface 3.1 of the wavelength filter array 3 , in a second pivot position also onto the surface 3.1 of the wavelength filter array 3 .

In this way it is ensured in the first swivel position that the light emanating from the plan illumination source 4 passes through the wavelength filter array 3 as well as through the image display device 1 to the viewer, while in the second swivel position light also reaches the viewer, as described below is not influenced by the assignment of filter elements to picture elements. In the first case, three-dimensional perception is possible, in the second case, two-dimensional perception.

As can on the surface also in the embodiment of FIG. 14 3.1 of Wellenlän genfilterarrays 3, scattering surface elements 13 preferably on the local designated S opaque surface preparation surface (3 cf. Fig.) Be provided, of which the laterally projected light equalized on the back of the image playback device 1 and then through it to the viewer. Instead of the scattering surface elements, reflecting elements can alternatively also be provided.

It is also within the scope of the invention if reflecting surface elements are also applied to the side 3.2 of the wavelength filter array 3 , which faces the plan lighting source 4 , whereby what is achieved is that incident light is reflected from the surface 3.2 beyond a certain critical angle , on the other hand, is transmitted at this critical angle, such as perpendicularly incident light.

In this way, the light incident obliquely on the wavelength filter array 3 can be partially used to illuminate the scattering surface elements 13 via reflectors attached to the side, while the wavelength filter array 3 is still irradiated as before.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Image reproduction device

2

Flat illumination source

3

Wavelength filter array

3.1

.

3.2

Sides of the wavelength filter array

4

Flat illumination source

5

drive circuit

6

shutter

7

light source

8th

optical fiber

8.1

.

8.2

large areas

8.3

.

8.4

narrow surfaces

9

reflector

10

coating

11

light source

12

diffuser

1

3

interface elements

14

light sources

15

.

16

reflectors

17

shutter
a ₀

, a ₁

, a ₂

, a ₃

parameter
d density
x position
B viewing direction
R ', G', B ', S filter elements
L ₁

, L ₂

radiation parts

Claims (20)

1. arrangement for displaying images of a scene or an object,
with an image display device ( 1 ) comprising a multiplicity of translucent image elements, on which image information can be represented from several perspective views of the scene / the object,
with a downstream in the viewing direction of a viewer of the image reproduction device ( 1 ) wavelength filter array ( 3 ), which consists of a plurality of filter elements transparent in predetermined wavelength ranges and
with an illumination device, the scene / the object being perceptible to the viewer in two or three dimensions depending on the illumination of the image elements and / or filter elements,
characterized in that means for switching between several un different operating modes are provided, in which the illuminating light either
for the purpose of two-dimensional representation only through the picture elements of the image display device ( 1 ), but not through filter elements of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) through or to the viewer
for the purpose of three-dimensional representation through at least a part of the filter elements of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and subsequently through an assigned part of the picture elements of the image reproduction device ( 1 ) passes through to the viewer. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that in the viewing direction of the viewer
between the image display device ( 1 ) and the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) a first plan lighting source ( 2 ) and
behind the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) a second plan lighting source ( 4 ) are provided and
both are coupled with separately controllable on / off switches. 3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that
in a first mode of operation for the purpose of two-dimensional representation, only the first plan illumination source ( 2 ) is switched on and illumination light only reaches the viewer through the image display device ( 1 ), but not through the wavelength filter array ( 3 ), and
in a second operating mode for the purpose of three-dimensional representation, only the second plan illumination source ( 4 ) is switched on and illumination light always reaches the viewer through the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and the image display device ( 1 ). 4. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the Wellenlängenfil terarray ( 3 ) is assigned a shutter ( 6 ) from a plurality of individually controllable Shutterele elements, depending on the number of controlled shutter elements, the path of the second illumination source ( 4 ) generated Illumination light is interrupted or released through a larger or smaller number of filter elements and
in a first operating mode for the purpose of two-dimensional representation, only the first plan illumination source ( 2 ) is switched on and illumination light only reaches the viewer through the image display device ( 1 ), but not through the wavelength filter array ( 3 ),
in a second operating mode for the purpose of three-dimensional representation, only the second plan illumination source ( 4 ) is switched on and illumination light always reaches the viewer through the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and the image display device ( 1 ) and
In a third operating mode, both plan lighting sources ( 2 , 4 ) are switched on and a predetermined number of shutter elements are controlled so that the illuminating light in areas of the actuated shutter elements reaches the viewer through the filter elements and the associated picture elements, while the illuminating light in areas of the uncontrolled shutter elements only reach the viewer through the image display device ( 1 ), so that the scene / the object can be perceived two-dimensionally with a view of the areas of the uncontrolled shutter elements, but three-dimensionally with a view of the areas of the controlled shutter elements. 5. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the first Planbe lighting source ( 2 ) is designed as a plate-shaped light guide ( 8 ) of two mutually opposite large areas ( 8.1 , 8.2 ), one of which he ste to the image display device ( 1 ), the second faces the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and is delimited by circumferential narrow surfaces ( 8.3 , 8.4 ) and which is fed by at least one light source ( 7 ), the radiation of which is coupled through one of the narrow surfaces ( 8.3 ) into the light guide ( 8 ) and there partly due to total reflection on the two large areas ( 8.1 , 8.2 ), back and forth, and partly as useful light is emitted over the first large area ( 8.1 ). 6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the second Großflä surface ( 8.2 ) of the light guide ( 8 ) with a total reflection interfering coating ( 10 ) is provided from particles whose interference over the extension of the second large area ( 8.2 ) is inhomogeneous between two limit values, the limit values being dependent on the density d of the coating ( 10 ) and the density d being a measure of the average distance of the particles per unit area. 7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the interference of the coating ( 10 ) with increasing distance x from the narrow surface ( 8.3 ), into which the light is coupled, is increasingly stronger. 8. Arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that the interference is progressively stronger with increasing distance x in parallel to the narrow surface ( 8.3 ) from directed strip-shaped surface sections. 9. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the interference of the coating ( 10 ) with increasing distances x ₁ , x ₂ of two narrow surfaces ( 8.3 , 8.4 ), into each of which light is coupled, is increasingly stronger. 10. The arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that two parallel narrow surfaces ( 8.3 , 8.4 ) are provided for coupling the light and the interference with increasing distances x ₁ , x ₂ in parallel to the narrow surfaces ( 8.3 , 8.4 ) aligned strip-shaped Surface sections are progressively formed up to a common maximum. 11. Arrangement according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that a coating is applied to the outside of the second large surface ( 8.2 ) as the coating ( 10 ), the local paint density being an equivalent for the interference at this location. 12. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the lacquer density is defined according to the function d = f (x),

• - with x a measure of the distance from the narrow surface ( 8.3 , 8.4 ) into which the light is coupled and
• - with d a value for the density, where d = 1 for a completely painted surface and d = 0 for an unpainted surface.

13. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that for the density d the function d = f (x) = a ₃ .x ³ + a ₁ .x ² + a ₁ .x + a ₀ with selectable parameters a ₀ , a ₁ , a ₂ and a ₃ apply. 14. Arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the parameters a ₀ = 0, a ₁ = 4, a ₂ = -4 and a ₃ = 0 are specified. 15. The arrangement according to claim 11, characterized in that the lacquer density is defined according to the function d = f (x, y),

• - with x a measure of the distance from the respective narrow surface ( 8.3 , 8.4 ) into which the light is coupled and
• - with y a measure for a position perpendicular to the distance x.

16. The arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) on its the image display device ( 1 ) facing side ( 3.1 ) is provided with reflecting or scattering surface elements ( 13 ) and at least one light source is present, the radiation in the first mode just to the side (3.1) of the wavelength filter array is addressed with the reflecting or scattering surface elements (13) (3), in the second mode only on the facing away from the viewer side (3.2) of the Wel lenlängenfilterarrays is addressed (3). 17. The arrangement according to claim 16, characterized in that at least two mutually independent light sources are provided, in the first operating mode the radiation from one of these light sources only on the side facing the viewer and provided with surface elements ( 13 ) side ( 3.1 ) of the Wavelength filter arrays ( 3 ) and in the second operating mode the radiation from a further light source is directed exclusively at the side facing away from the viewer ( 3.2 ), these light sources are coupled to separately controllable on / off switches and / or at least one in the illumination beam paths the light sources separately controllable shutter for interrupting or releasing all or only parts of the respective lighting beam path are provided. 18. The arrangement according to claim 16, characterized in that in the direction of view behind the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) only a light source designed as a plan lighting source ( 4 ) is provided, the radiation in the first operating mode Be only on the side facing away from the viewer ( 3.2 ) of the wavelength file terarrays ( 3 ) is directed and there are also reflectors ( 16 ) by means of which the radiation emanating from the plane illumination source ( 4 ) in the second operating mode also on the side ( 3.1 ) of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) with the reflecting or scattering surface elements ( 13 ) is directed. 19. The arrangement according to claim 18, characterized in that between the rule's wavelength filter array ( 3 ) and the plan lighting source ( 4 ) a shutter is arranged, which consists of a plurality of separately controllable shutter elements, through which in a third mode of operation only radiation on selected Areas of the side facing away from the viewer ( 3.2 ) of the Wel lenlängenfilterarrays ( 3 ) is directed. 20. Arrangement according to one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the filter elements of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ) are designed as static filters and the surface elements ( 13 ) are positioned exclusively on the opaque areas of the wavelength filter array ( 3 ).