DE10260694B4 - Process for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabrics - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabrics, namely knitted spacer fabrics (1, 2, 3) in a composite, wherein the pile threading or the thread take-up is selected according to the respective strip width in order to obtain a stitched connection at the opposite edges of the later strips, which is solvable only after the finishing process on the fabric, such as washing, drying and / or thermal fixing, that at least one separation thread (L ₁ ; L ₂ ; L ₃ ) for generating a predetermined separation point in the outer surfaces (1; 3) of the spacer knitted fabric is incorporated, which is removable later, wherein for the incorporation of the predetermined separation point corresponding to the respective strip width filaments in the outer surfaces of the spacer structure and the pole omitted and retracted in the edge regions of the longitudinal strips to obtain flat, non-applied edges of the separated strips fewer threads become.

Description

The The invention relates to a process for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabric, namely Spacer knitted fabric in strip form of a composite as well as a fabric.

Known are single-plane elastic bandages in woven or knitted form, with or without the use of elastane and in different strain limits for compression purposes z. B. used in the medical or veterinary field become.

For certain Medical indications are not enough for these compression bandages out. For the care of lymphedema patients, z. B. in the complex physical decongestive therapy, must be in use such binding additional Padding used in the form of padding cotton or foam which result in the Mobility of the limbs enormously limited and the well-being of patients through sweating and accumulation of heat impaired becomes.

Known are as well three-dimensional structures in the form of spacer fabrics, Fabrics and knitted fabrics, whose textile outer surfaces by distance-retaining Threads together connected and kept at a distance.

All These three-dimensional structures are present as a textile surface. The production of elastic narrow fabrics based on such Three-dimensional structures is not previously known.

From the PCT WO 95/16416 A1 a compression bandage is previously known, which consists of a strip spacer fabric as a two-ply, connected with spacer threads structure. The teaching there, however, no acceptable solution for a reproducible edge termination can be removed. Rather, the disclosure is generally limited to cutting strips of fabric. By cutting the pile threads and the two textile outer surfaces are destroyed and it can get pieces of fiber into the wound, so that the edge structures thus obtained meet in any way medical requirements or skin sensory are not acceptable.

The DE 43 36 303 A1 describes a two-ply spacer knitted fabric which has elastic and moisture-conducting properties, the moisture transport being effected by differently filamentated materials in the two textile surfaces and moisture-conducting fiber materials extending between the spacer threads.

The US 5,385,036 A discloses a spacer knitted fabric, the two textile surfaces are made elastic, wherein the elastane is formed as a mesh. The invention further discloses the different angular orientation of the pile threads as spacers.

The DE 196 35 170 C1 relates to a moisture-conducting and absorbent spacer fabric for close-fitting textiles in medical, orthopedic and nursing fields. As a spacer and at the same time moisture-guiding thread, a three-component thread is used.

According to DE 198 21 687 A1 a three-dimensional fabric is previously known, in which high-titer elastane are used to achieve a high compression effect, which are involved in the outer surfaces as weft. Here, a high force-strain behavior of the spacer knitted fabric and a good compression is achieved.

According to utility model DE 93 09 374 U1 belongs to a state of the art spacer fabric, which consists of 100% PES and as spacers threads side by side contains monofilament and multifilament yarns and thus has better feel, good formability and recyclability.

In the DE 100 55 902 A1 there is described a medical grade reusable textile composite whose upper body facing textile layer is made of a hydrophobic material intended to guide body moisture into the lower cellulosic fibrous absorbent layer.

From the DE 30 06 194 C2 is a warp knit fabric for the production of lace tapes previously known. Specifically, inelastic curved lace bands for the laundry or home textile sector are the subject of the teaching there, the picot on the edge. The plain weave is a fringe-weft laying. A fringe binding is similar in the production of an air-mesh chain, which can be easily separated. This can be The inelastic tips are separated either by separating the fringe or it is possible to use a water-soluble material as a separating thread. However, such a solution is eliminated for spacer knitted fabrics because the use of a soluble material would lead to unwanted premature separation of the bands due to the finishing process.

In the DE 31 26 660 C3 are chain-knitted elastic bandages explained, with the production of multiple bandages should be done simultaneously. The local chain meshes have the task to consolidate the existing warp and weft threads and secure against displacements. A refining process is obviously required according to the teaching there.

Farther In addition to medical applications, spacer fabrics are predominantly used to find in technical areas, such. B. in the automotive industry as Seat component, as a car roof, as splash protection for trucks u. Likewise, these three-dimensional structures are used as geotextiles, industrial textiles, oil collecting mats, sporting goods and more.

all known solutions However, the common disadvantage that these are only available as a commodity and tailored to the final product during further processing Need to become. In this case, it is then to nibble the cut edges or border with a band.

Out The above, it is therefore an object of the invention, a method for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabric, namely Spacer knit in a strip form of a composite and a corresponding in longitudinal stripes divisible three-dimensional elastic sheet to specify which machinable, reproducible edge seals with achieves defined elasticity-elastic behavior or having. According to the method should after the active process of Composite of a necessary thermal fixation for stabilization the spacing monofilament pile threads can be supplied, wherein following the refining process the necessary separation, the cutting to length and winding is done without, however manual or additional Versäuberungsarbeiten become necessary at the edges of the strips obtained.

The solution The object of the invention is achieved by a method in his Definition according to claim 1 and with a sheet according to the combination of features according to claim 13, wherein the dependent claims expedient refinements and developments represent.

The The invention thus provides a process for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional narrow fabrics, namely knitted fabrics before, which in a fitted Wide, defined stretching and spacing and a through Meshing clean edge design are manufacturable, with the obtained products in preferably medical applications to achieve a high compression and climate impact as well as to increase Use and physiological comfort can be.

Next use as compression bandages for complex physical Decongestive therapy or for the treatment of venous disorders, the Narrow textiles according to the invention also use as a close up worn belt, equipped with sensor technology or similar for collecting body data, be used. Likewise, a use in the field of veterinary medicine, z. B. to supply the hocks in horses, possible.

According to the invention of one of longitudinal stripes with knitted edges existing three-dimensional elastic textile surface, the in the composite, assumed. These longitudinal stripes have sideways to each other a stable mesh connection, which only after the Finishing process is solved and a separation of the longitudinal stripes in a simple way possible power.

It Therefore, according to the respective strip width, the pile threading or the thread feeder is selected, around at the opposite Edges of the later Strip to get a stitched connection, which will then only after the aforesaid Refining process the fabric, such as washing, drying and / or thermal fixing is achieved thereby that at least an inserted separation thread is removed or separated.

With the product thus obtained, it is possible to use it as a spacer fabric for compression therapy in direct skin contact without the use of padding material. The meshed edges are particle-free and as elastic as the entire narrow fabric. Furthermore show in particular the edges of the product no Abschnüerstekte when applying associations under compression on the limbs. A separate Kantenversäubern is not required in implementation of the invention.

The distance-retaining zone, which also remains active under pressure respiration, takes care of a pleasant wearing comfort, promotes the patient compliance and thus the therapeutic success.

For the training the predetermined breaking point corresponding to the respective strip width of the Be longitudinal stripes Threads in the outer surfaces of the Spacer structure and omitted in the pole. Since the pile threads the distance can hold steady in the edge area of the longitudinal stripes less threads be retracted so that the Edge region can be worked in a smaller thickness. The like flattened edges wear when using the longitudinal strips as z. B. Bandage when overlapping the winding layers less on.

Also is it possible according to the invention in dependence from the width of the longitudinal stripes at a defined distance from the edge a colored material as Orientation for the overlap to introduce the flattened edges during the winding process.

The lateral connection of the longitudinal strips by a separating thread can be realized in various ways. That's a shot either permissive or intermittent then possible when using high mesh is working to later to ensure easier separation.

Farther it is possible, to make the connection as a combined lacing stitch / weft. Of the Edge is strengthened by this binding combination and it is almost a result Breaking point.

At long last the connection can be realized as a mesh.

With at least one separate guide bar can front and / or rear a fine elastane thread are incorporated, which after performing the especially thermal fixing process can be very well separated. When Binding variant is preferably a jersey, open or closed fringe, weft laying or a combination of these bonds used.

By the targeted bias in the incorporation of the elastane during the Acting process, the thread is stretched and goes to the singulation the strip returns to its original state, d. H. he slides in a lot advantageously in the mesh composite and is in the edge region no longer disturbing.

A another possibility consists of, by means of stitch formation by preferably an open or closed fringe laying with inelastic yarns on the side Make connection.

In In this case, a separation of the connecting threads is done mechanically or after the fixing process manually.

It is provided that the Polfaden in the edge area no lateral connection to each next vertical stripes has. Accordingly, the Pollegeschienen be retract, wherein considered the pile threading must become. By omitting pile threads or reduced thread feeder, z. 1 full, 1 empty or 1 full, 2 empty, may arise on the edge of a soft and shallow zone, the a constriction prevented during winding of the elastic webs.

The Three-dimensionally knit elastic longitudinal strips are covered with at least five, but preferably made with seven guide rails.

The Thickness of the structure should be for associations for medical use preferably in the range of 1.5 mm to 3 mm. For other purposes, such. B. as a belt, are Thicknesses up to 6 mm possible.

For use As a compression bandage, the structure of the surface is targeted according to the invention selected. This structure must not be too smooth, otherwise slipping of the association during the wearing time possible is. Preferably, a surface of the spacer knit structured or velourized and the opposite area worked smoothly. This has in addition to the increased slip resistance the advantage that by the better modeling flexibility of the limbs, z. B. arm or leg, significantly increased when moving, achieved improved breathability and the well-being of the patient is improved.

Preferably suitable are fine filet or rib structures, fringe-weft-overlays, jersey, Cloth, satin or twill.

The the skin facing inner structure of the spacer knitted fabric consists preferably of synthetic filament yarns, the outer side facing away from the skin the spacer knit of moisture absorbing materials, preferably synthetic multifilament microfiber yarns or cellulosic yarns, so that moisture can be absorbed and evaporated.

The Invention is based on an embodiment and with the aid of figures will be explained in more detail.

in this connection demonstrate:

1 a schematic representation of a moisture-conducting spacer structure;

2 an example of a binding variant for the production of an elastic three-dimensional surface with longitudinal strips that produce by lateral threading systems in the front and rear surface the lateral connection to the adjacent longitudinal strip and are separated from each other only after the refining process;

3 a schematic representation of several three-dimensional narrow textiles with lateral connection;

4 an example of the lateral connection of the longitudinal strips and combination options, where shown from left to right:
Mesh-weft combination, only stitch, only weft, fringe (open or closed) and

5 an exemplary collection scheme.

First of all, the material allocation of the available guide rails and thus the associated binding solutions will be explained using various examples. Please refer to the following tabular compilation. example 1 2 3 4 5 L1 separating thread separating thread Synthetic filament Synthetic filament L2 Synthetic filament Synthetic filament elastane Synthetic filament Synthetic filament L3 elastane elastane Synth.monofil Synth.monofil Synth. Monofilament + multifilament, each 1: 1 fed L4 Synth.monofil Synth. Monofilament + multifilament, each 1: 1 fed Synth.multifil Synth.multifil L5 elastane elastane elastane elastane elastane L6 Synth.multifil or fiber yarn Synth.multifil or fiber yarn Synth.multifil or fiber yarn Synth.multifil or fiber yarn Synth.multifil or fiber yarn L7 separating thread separating thread separating thread separating thread separating thread

When Trennfaden here is spandex in fine titers (22 dtex to 44 dtex) or a synthetic filament yarn used.

For education the close-up surface are preferably filamentated synthetic fibers in finenesses used between 33 dtex and 150 dtex.

These Fibers remove moisture from the skin and pass it through the capillary action of additionally introduced in the spacer zone filament threads in the second textile layer of the structure, which by suitable material use Moisture can absorb.

At least an elastic thread system in tights between 44 dtex and 470 dtex takes care of the required elasticity of the textile. In this case, the elastane thread can be formed as a mesh be or as a weft to be involved.

For education the skin away from the surface are preferably multifilament synthetic fibers and / or cellulosic Fibers are used in finenesses between 33 dtex and 150 dtex. These absorb moisture and evaporate it on the surface.

The spacer zone is made of monofilament synthetic fibers in low titers of z. B. 22 dtex to 55 dtex formed. Optional can be used to optimize the moisture transport a multifilament thread system in the distance zone are introduced.

The example after 2 of a longitudinally elastic three-dimensional narrow textile with separating thread in front and behind is defined as follows: L1 separating thread 1-0-0-0 / 1-2-2-2 // L2 Surface 1 (close up) 1-0-0-0 / 1-2-2-2 // L3 Surface 1, spandex 1-2-2-2 / 1-0-0-0 // L4 spacer pole thread, binds to the front and back surfaces. 2-3-1-2 / 1-0-2-1 // L5 Surface 2, Elastane 0-0-1-2 / 2-2-1-0 // L6 Surface 2 (skin removal) 2-2-1-0 / 0-0-1-2 // L7 separating thread 2-2-1-0 / 0-0-1-2 //

In summary is inventively of a Incorporation of a separation gate within a textile composite assumed, over the Trenngasse defined widths of later obtained strips festlegbar are.

By the incorporation of Trenngasse is a clean edge design possible. The Trenngasse holds itself the longitudinally elastic strips present in defined width together, at least until the refining process, that of economic establish on the fabric carried out will happen. Only afterwards is a separation of the longitudinally elastic Made tracks in the individual strips. The Trenngasse can by a Trennfadeneinarbeitung, either monofilament threads in Fransenlegung or fine elastane threads as weft binding or tricot, in at least one of the two textile surfaces of the Abstandsgewirkes done. Also, a single track refinement is possible. In In this case, the webs are separated on the double raschel machine knitted and wound up. Compared to the prior art it no longer necessary, pile threads to cut so that too There is no danger that later fiber pieces in the Get wound when the product thus realized as a binding in the medical field application finds.

1

up close area

2

distance zone (Pile yarn)

3

remote from the skin area

4

front separating thread (L ₁ )

5

rear divider (L ₂ )

Claims (16)

Process for producing longitudinally elastic three-dimensional textile fabrics, namely knitted spacer fabrics ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) in strip form of a composite, wherein according to the respective strip width, the pile threading or the thread take-up is selected to obtain at the opposite edges of the later strips a mesh connection, which only after the finishing process on the fabric, such as washing, drying and / or thermal fixing can be achieved by at least one separating thread (L ₁ ; L ₂ ; L ₃ ) being used to produce a predetermined separation point in the outer surfaces ( 1 ; 3 ) is incorporated for the incorporation of the predetermined separation point corresponding to the respective strip width threads in the outer surfaces of the spacer structure and in Polbereich and retracted in the edge regions of the longitudinal strips to obtain flat, non-applied edges of the scattered strips fewer threads become. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the compound of the strips in the composite by at least one separating thread (L ₁ ; L ₂ ) is implemented as a shot, as a combined stitching mesh / weft or as a mesh. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that that the weft lapping selected at high mesh size is selected. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating thread incorporating fringe laying, as weft insertion or tricot laying in at least one of the two textile surfaces ( 1 ; 3 ) of the three-dimensional spacer knitted fabric takes place. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that that monofilament Threads in Fransenlegung be used. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that that fine elastane as weft binding or tricot be used. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that as Orientation for The later obtained strips and their use as a bandage during winding in a defined distance from the respective edge a colored Material or thread is introduced or provided. Method according to claim 4, characterized by Use a separate, additional Guide bar for incorporation of the separating thread (L1, L2). Method according to claim 8, characterized in that that used elastic separating threads (L1, L2) stretched during the active process and to be prestressed, these being after being singulated into the mesh composite, Relaxing, slide in. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the lateral connection of the strip edges by stitching through preferably open or closed fringe laying with inelastic Yarns or threads takes place, which after the refining process for the purpose of separating the strip will be cut out. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that for use the scattered stripes of the three-dimensional textile fabric structured as a medical association a surface of the knitted fabric and the opposite Side with smooth surface is trained. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the side facing the skin ( 1 ) of the spacer knit of synthetic filament yarns and the side facing away from the skin ( 3 ) is made of moisture absorbing materials. Three-dimensional elastic fabric, namely spacer fabric as in longitudinal stripes defined width divisible composite, characterized in that the longitudinal strips are laterally interconnected and scored by stitching stable longitudinal edges after strip separation. Three-dimensional sheet according to claim 13, characterized in that two outer textile surfaces ( 1 ; 3 ) by spacing monofilament pile threads ( 2 ) are connected. Three-dimensional sheet according to claim 14, characterized in that the monofilament pile threads ( 2 ) are thermally fixed in the composite to stabilize their monocular structure. Three-dimensional sheet, made after a method according to at least one of the claims 1 to 12.