DE10259200A1 - Inhibition of adhesion of keratinophilic fungi - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes and their derivatives to reduce the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to surfaces and detergents and / or cleaning agents, textile treatment agents, personal care products, cosmetics or pharmaceuticals containing these substances.

Description

The invention relates to the use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes and their Derivatives to reduce the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi on surfaces and detergents and / or cleaning agents, textile treatment agents containing these substances, Personal care products, Cosmetics or pharmaceuticals.

Keratinophilic mushrooms cause significant Problems from growing in horny parts of the skin and so diseases such as the athlete's foot.

Textiles such as z. B. wool, silk or microfiber, processed into garments, which only at 30 or 40 ° C can be washed. This creates keratinophilic fungi that form in the skin and its appendages live (e.g. species of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epdiermophyton), not killed. Especially after a fungal infection, it can be caused by such not killed Mushrooms come to reinfection.

Clean laundry items, along with the contaminated ones Washed textiles are contaminated with fungi after washing and can so trigger further infection in the infected or other people.

For reinfection on clothing or on other surfaces Preventing sticking fungi have been antimicrobial substances used that either inhibit the growth of the fungi (fungistatics) or kill them (Fungicides). Frequently non-selective antimicrobial substances are used for this, that work against both bacteria and fungi. adversely is that such z. B. used in detergents and cleaning agents Biocides or biostatics the waste water pollute and thus also the microbial treatment stages in the treatment plants impair their function. In addition, the selection pressure on the microorganisms to form resistance greatly increased so that after some time new antimicrobial substances were found Need to become, that work against these microorganisms that have become resistant.

The object of the invention is therefore selectively remove keratinophilic fungi from surfaces without them surfaces or the sewage with fungicidal and / or fungistatic agents.

This task is solved by the use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes to reduce the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to surfaces.

Surprisingly it was found that the Use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their derivatives on or in fungi-infested materials Reduce adherence of the keratinophilic fungi or essentially could prevent, but without killing the mushrooms.

Advantageously reduced the use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes the adhesion of cells of keratinophilic fungi on surfaces. Cross contamination through on the surface adherent cells of keratinophilic fungi is reduced by this attachment also decreased. In particular, cross-contamination of laundry items in the washing machine can be significantly reduced.

Reduced adherence is a significant reduction in the number of adherent fungal cells too understand. In the process, the adherence is ideally completely prevented. The adherence of fungal cells is preferably reduced or substantially completely prevented.

Among keratinophilic mushrooms are to understand such skin and / or hair fungi, which in cornified Skin and its appendages (especially hair and / or nails) grow. In particular, they include dermatophytes and all species of the genus To understand Malassezia. According to the invention, all species are dermatophytes to understand the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton.

The keratinophilic mushroom Malassezia is considered to be the causative agent of increased skin flaking, for example on the head (dandruff). Moreover this organism becomes the trigger of the skin disease pityriasis versicolor. In particular it is therefore beneficial to reduce the adhesion of Malassezia, especially the Species M. furfur (also known as Pityrosporum ovale), M. pachydermatis, M. sympodialis and / or M. globosa or essentially to prevent.

According to a preferred embodiment are the keratinophilic mushrooms selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroides, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T, meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum, Epidermophyton flossocum, Malassezia furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa and M. pachydermatis.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes reduces the adherence of dermatophytes to surfaces. in particular In particular, the dermatophytes are selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroides, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T. meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum and Epidermophyton flossocum.

An advantage of the invention is that these substances are already in comparison with fungicides or fungistatic agents low final concentrations are effective and therefore hardly any side effects to fear and / or can be observed.

In addition, the diminution of attachment due to the reduced contact of the human body with the fungal cells also to reduce the allergy-triggering potential to lead.

According to a special embodiment are the monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their Derivatives selected among alcohols, such as, for example, farnesol and their ethers, acids, such as Example farnesolic acid, as well as their esters and other functional group-bearing monoterpenes, sesqui or diterpenes. Both the trans and the cis isomers are suitable. This also includes α-Farnese (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene) and β-farnese (7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene) and nerolidol (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol) as well as bisabolene, sesquiphellandrene, zingibere, cadine, aryltumeron, Tumeron, xanthorrhizole, vulgar and β-selins. As monoterpenes are for example α- or β-ocimen, Linalool, linalyl acetate, carene, terpineole, nerol, nerolic acid, geraniol, Geranic acid, α- or β-phellandrene and / or thujone, in particular geraniol, linalool and / or thujone preferably suitable. Geranylgeraniol is an example of the diterpenes (3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-Hexadekatetraen-1-ol) as well as its isomers and derivatives. Plant extracts may also be preferred are used that contain mono-, sesqui and / or diterpenes (e.g. geranium oil, Rose oil, Orange blossom oil, lavender oil, jasmine oil, basil oil, citronell oil, cypress oil, cedar leaf oil, coriander oil, rosewood oil, allspice oil, ginger oil or clove oil).

According to a special embodiment become the mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes in such final concentrations used that they are not fungicidal (fungicidal) or fungistatic (antifungal growth inhibiting) Act. A particular advantage of this embodiment is that Risk of developing resistance to the substances used is relatively low since the fungi are neither killed nor inhibited from growing become. The minimum concentrations at which there is still no inhibition of growth, as well as the minimum inhibitory concentrations yourself can can be easily determined in a manner known to the person skilled in the art.

According to another special one embodiment the mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes contain 0.000001 to 3 wt .-%. A particular advantage of this embodiment is that only low concentrations of these substances must be present so that the adhesion of the fungi to surfaces is reduced or substantially is completely prevented. The substances are preferably 0.00001 to 1 % By weight and in particular contain 0.0001 to 0.5 wt .-%. Areas are particularly preferred between 0.0001 and 0.1% by weight.

The concentrations in the final product to the desired one Result, are significantly less than the given, as for many Products dilutions considered Need to become. For detergent needs for example with a dilution factor (Relationship Detergent concentrate: water) from 1:20 to 1: 200 become. Frequently is the dilution ratio for detergent between 1:60 and 1: 100, for example 1:80.

For Farnesol would be for example concentrations of 0.001 to 1.5% by weight, in particular from 0.01 to 0.8% by weight.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to biotic surfaces, e.g. Skin and / or their appendages, reduced. In particular are including skin and its appendages such as hair and / or nails from Understand people and / or animals.

The attachment of is preferred keratinophilic fungi on human, biotic surfaces, in particular the human skin through the use of mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes decreased.

Can also be used by the invention the mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes the attachment of keratinophilic Fungi on animals and the risk of transmission of these fungi the people who may with violent inflammatory Reactions can be reduced from the outset. The The risk of infection can thus be significantly reduced.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment the adherence of fungi to such surfaces as textiles, ceramics, Metals and / or plastics reduced. In particular, it is about doing laundry, Sanitary facilities flooring, Shoes, leather, articles of daily use made of rubber.

The reduction in adherence to textiles or plastic surfaces very often prevents reinfection of the already affected parts of the body. The reduction in adherence to ceramics, plastics or metals reduces the risk of infection or reinfection without polluting the skin or the waste water with fungicidal or fungistatic substances. Likewise, catheters as well as others made from art Medical devices and / or prostheses manufactured from fabric or metals are freed from fungal adhesion by the use of such materials, for example in rinses or cleaning agents.

According to another particularly preferred embodiment the mono-, Sesqui and / or diterpenes in washing and cleaning agents for reduction the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi used on surfaces.

If cleaning is insufficient of these surfaces it can be due to the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi for reinfection already affected parts of the body or come to further new infections. But it is very important that those contaminated with the cells of keratinophilic fungi Surfaces, for example stockings, be cleaned of these. In the case of delicate textiles, such as z. B. silk or microfiber and synthetic fabrics, this cannot by an increased Wash temperature take place without damaging the material. The use of heavy-duty detergents containing bleach is also important not due to possible material damage to recommend.

According to the invention, such substances can also be used Detergents for cleaning hard surfaces, such as floors, Tiles, tiles, plastics and other hard surfaces can be contaminated with keratinophilic fungi, such as in Household, in public sanitary Facilities, in swimming pools and / or saunas, sports facilities or in medical or massage practices become.

Under washing and cleaning agents as well as textile treatment agents are in the context of the invention Solid form of surfactant-containing preparations in the broadest sense (particles, Powder, etc.), semi-solid form (pastes, etc.), liquid form (solutions, Emulsions, suspensions, gels etc.) and gas-like form (aerosols etc.) understood that with a view to a beneficial effect Application contain one or more surfactants, usually in addition to other components that are common for the respective application. examples for such surfactant-containing preparations are detergent-containing surfactant preparations, detergent containing surfactants for hard surfaces, or surfactant-containing finishing agents, each of which is solid or liquid could be, however, the solid and liquid components may also be in a form or subsets of the components side by side.

Since they are used in a concentrated form and the corresponding effective concentrations in the wash liquor dilute Need to become the active ingredients in correspondingly higher Concentration can be used. Dilutions are common the detergent and cleaning agent with water between 1:40 and 1: 200.

The detergents and cleaning agents can usually containing ingredients, such as anionic, nonionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants, inorganic and organic builder substances, special Polymers (e.g. those with cobuilder properties), foam inhibitors, Dyes and possibly additional ones Fragrances (perfumes), bleaching agents (such as, for example, peroxo bleaching agents and chlorine bleach), bleach activators, bleach stabilizers, Bleaching catalysts, enzymes and graying inhibitors without the ingredients are limited to these substance groups. Frequently are important ingredients of these preparations also washing aids, for the exemplary and not restrictive optical brighteners, UV protection substances, so-called soil repellents, that is Polymers that counteract soiling of fibers are understood become. The individual substance groups are explained in more detail below.

For the case that the preparations are at least partly in the form of shaped articles, can binding and disintegration aids may also be included.

Anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants are used.

Anionic surfactants used are, for example, those of the sulfonate and sulfate type. Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C thereby _{9- 1 3} alkylbenzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and also disulfonates, as obtained, for example, from C _{1 2-18} monoolefins with a terminal or internal double bond is obtained by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates obtained from C _{1 2-18} alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. The esters of 2-sulfofatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the 2-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, are also suitable.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters. Among fatty acid glycerol esters are the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures to understand how they in the manufacture by esterification of a monoglycerin with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerin be preserved. Preferred sulfonated fatty acid glycerol esters are included the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or Behenic acid.

The alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and, in particular, the sodium salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of the C _{1 2-18} fatty alcohols, for example from coconut oil alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C _{1 0-20} oxo alcohols and those half esters of secondary alcohols of this chain length vorzugt. Also preferred are alk (en) yl sulfates of the chain length mentioned which contain a synthetic, petrochemical-based straight-chain alkyl radical which have an analogous degradation behavior. possess like the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. In detergents and cleaning agents, the C _{1 2-16} alkyl sulfates and C _{1 2-15} alkyl sulfates as well as C _{1 4-} C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates are preferred. In addition, 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which are produced for example in accordance with US Patent No. 3,234,258 or 5,075,041 and can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ^®, are suitable anionic surfactants.

Also, the Schwefelsäuremonoester of linear or branched C ethoxylated with 1 to 6 mol ethylene oxide _{7 -21} alcohols such as 2-methyl-branched C _{9 -11} alcohols containing on average 3.5 mol ethylene oxide (EO) or C _{2-18 1} -Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable. Because of their high foaming behavior, they are used in washing and cleaning agents only in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of 1 to 5% by weight.

Other suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters, and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and especially ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C _{8 -18} fatty alcohol radicals or mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue, which is derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves are nonionic surfactants (description see below). Again, sulfosuccinates, the fatty alcohol residues of which are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are particularly preferred. It is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid with preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

Other anionic surfactants especially soaps. Saturated fatty acid soaps are suitable, like the salts of lauric acid, myristic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and especially from natural ones fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids, derived soap mixtures.

The anionic surfactants including the Can soaps in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine, are present. The sodium or potassium salts are preferred, in particular the sodium salts. The surfactants can can also be used in the form of their magnesium salts.

Within the scope of the present invention those agents are preferred which are 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 7.5 to 40% by weight and in particular 15 to 25% by weight of one or more anionic surfactant (s).

The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and an average of 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or may contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as are usually present in oxo alcohol radicals. However, alcohol ethoxylates with linear residues of alcohols of native origin with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example from coconut, palm, tallow fat or oleyl alcohol, and an average of 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are particularly preferred. Preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C _{1 2-14} alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C _{9 -11} alcohol with 7 EO, C _{1 3-15} alcohols containing 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO , C _{1 2-18} alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures thereof, and also mixtures of C _{1 2-14} alcohol with 3 EO and C _{1 2-18} alcohol with 5 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical averages, which can be an integer or a fraction for a specific product. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

Another class of preferred nonionic surfactants, either as the sole nonionic Surfactant or in combination with other non-ionic surfactants are used are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably with 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, especially fatty acid methyl ester.

Another class of nonionic surfactants that can be used advantageously are the alkyl polyglycosides (APG). Alkypolyglycosides that can be used satisfy the general formula RO (G) _Z , in which R represents a linear or branched, in particular methyl-branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 C atoms, and G is the Is symbol which stands for a glycose unit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably for glucose. The degree of glycosidation z is between 1.0 and 4.0, preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 and in particular between 1.1 and 1.4.

Linear are preferred Alkyl polyglucosides, i.e. alkyl polyglycosides in which the polyglycosyl radical is a glucose residue and the alkyl residue is an n-alkyl residue.

The surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention can preferably contain alkyl polyglycosides, the APG content of the preparations intended for washing, rinsing or cleaning purposes being over 0.2% by weight, based on the entire preparation, are preferred. Particularly preferred surfactant-containing preparations contain APG in amounts of 0.2 to 10% by weight, preferably in amounts of 0.2 to 5% by weight and in particular in amounts of 0.5 to 3% by weight.

Also non-ionic surfactants of the type the amine oxides, for example N-coconut alkyl - N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamides can be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half from that.

in der R⁴CO für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁵ für Wasserstoff, einen Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und [Z¹] für einen linearen oder verzweigten Polyhydroxyalkylrest mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und 3 bis 10 Hydroxylgruppen steht. Bei den Polyhydroxyfettsäureamiden handelt es sich um bekannte Stoffe, die üblicherweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines reduzierenden Zuckers mit Ammoniak, einem Alkylamin oder einem Alka nolamin und nachfolgende Acylierung mit einer Fettsäure, einem Fettsäurealkylester oder einem Fettsäurechlorid erhalten werden können.Other suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),

in which R ⁴ CO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{5 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z ¹ ] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 Hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.

in der R⁶ für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R⁷ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R⁸ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder cyclischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C_{1 –4}-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind und [Z²] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest steht, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propxylierte Derivate dieses Restes.The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)

in which R ^{6 is} a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{7 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical is 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{8 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or Aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, C _{1 -4} -alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z ² ] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propylated derivatives of this residue.

[Z ² ] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a reduced sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then, for example, as described in WO-A-95/07331, be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

Furthermore, it can be preferred in addition to anionic and nonionic surfactants, also cationic surfactants use.

As textile softening substances cationic surfactants should be mentioned in particular. Examples are cationic Surfactants are particularly quaternary Ammonium compounds, cationic polymers and emulsifiers.

wobei in (IV) R^a und R^b für einen acyclischen Alkylrest mit 12 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, R^c für einen gesättigten C₁-C₄ Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest steht, R^d entweder gleich R^a, R^b oder R^c ist oder für einen aromatischen Rest steht. X^– steht entweder für ein Halogenid-, Metho-sulfat-, Methophosphat- oder Phosphation sowie Mischungen aus diesen. Beispiele für kationische Verbindungen der Formel (III) sind Didecyldimethylammoniumchlorid, Ditalgdimethylammoniumchlorid oder Dihexadecylammoniumchlorid.Suitable examples are quaternary ammonium compounds of the formulas (III) and (IV)

where in (IV) R ^a and R ^{b are} an acyclic alkyl radical having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, R ^{c is} a saturated C ₁ -C ₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, R ^{d is} either equal to R ^a , R ^b or R ^c or stands for an aromatic residue. X ^- represents either a halide, methosulfate, methophosphate or phosphate ion and mixtures of these. Examples of cationic compounds of the formula (III) are didecyldimethylammonium chloride, ditallow dimethylammonium chloride or dihexadecylammonium chloride.

R^k und R^I stehen dabei unabhängig voneinander jeweils für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen mit 0, 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen.Compounds of formula (IV) are so-called ester quats. Esterquats are characterized by excellent biodegradability. Here, R ^{e represents} an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds; R ^f stands for H, OH or O (CO) R ^h , R ^g stands independently of R ^f for H, OH or O (CO) R ^I , where R ^h and R ^I each independently represent an aliphatic acyl radical with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. m, n and p can each independently have the value 1, 2 or 3. X ^- can either be a halide, methosulfate, methophos be phate or phosphate ion and mixtures of these. Compounds are preferred which contain the group O (CO) R ^h for R ^f and alkyl radicals having 16 to 18 carbon atoms for R ^c and R ^h . Compounds in which R ^{9 is} also OH are particularly preferred. Examples of compounds of the formula (IV) are methyl N- (2-hydroxyethyl) -N, N-di (tallow acyl oxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate, bis (palmitoyl) ethyl hydroxyethyl methyl ammonium methosulfate or methyl -N, N-bis (acyloxyethyl) -N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium methosulfate. If quaternized compounds of the formula (IV) are used which have unsaturated alkyl chains, preference is given to the acyl groups whose corresponding fatty acids have an iodine number between 5 and 80, preferably between 10 and 60 and in particular between 15 and 45 and which have a cis / trans isomer ratio (in% by weight) of greater than 30:70, preferably greater than 50:50 and in particular greater than 70:30. Commercially available examples are the methylhydroxyalkyldialkoyloxyalkylammonium methosulfates sold by Stepan under the Stepantex ^® brand or the products from Cognis known under Dehyquart ^® or the products from Goldschmidt-Witco known under Rewoquat ^® . Further preferred compounds are the diesterquats of the formula (V), which are available under the names Rewoquat ^® W 222 LM or CR 3099 and, in addition to the softness, also ensure stability and color protection.

R ^k and R ^I each independently represent an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds.

wobei R^m für H oder einen gesättigten Alkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, Rⁿ und R^o unabhängig voneinander jeweils für einen aliphatischen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen, Rⁿ alternativ auch für O(CO)R^p stehen kann, wobei R^p einen aliphatischen, gesättigten oder ungesättigten Alkylrest mit 12 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeutet, und Z eine NH-Gruppe oder Sauerstoff bedeutet und X^– ein Anion ist. q kann ganzzahlige Werte zwischen 1 und 4 annehmen.In addition to the quaternary compounds described above, other known compounds can also be used, such as quaternary imidazolinium compounds of the formula (VI),

where R ^{m is} H or a saturated alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R ⁿ and R ^o are each independently an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, R ^{n can} alternatively also be O (CO) R ^p , wherein R ^{p represents} an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radical having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and Z represents an NH group or oxygen and X ^{- is} an anion. q can take integer values between 1 and 4.

wobei R^q, R^r und R^s unabhängig voneinander für eine C_1–4-Alkyl-, Alkenyl- oder Hydroxyalkylgruppe steht, R^t und R^u jeweils unabhängig ausgewählt eine C_8–28-Alkylgruppe darstellt und r eine Zahl zwischen 0 und 5 ist.Further suitable quaternary compounds are described by formula (VII)

where R ^q , R ^r and R ^s independently represent a C _1-4 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group, R ^t and R ^u each independently represent a C _8-28 alkyl group and r is a number between 0 and 5 is.

In addition to the connections of the formulas III to VII can also short-chain, water-soluble, quaternary ammonium compounds are used, such as trihydroxyethylmethylammonium methosulfate or the alkyl trimethyl ammonium chlorides, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides and trialkylmethylammonium chlorides, e.g. B. cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride, distearyldimethylammonium chloride, Lauryldimethylammonium chloride, lauryldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and tricetylmethylammonium chloride.

Also protonated alkylamine compounds, which have a softening effect, as well as the non-quaternized, Protonated precursors of the cationic emulsifiers are suitable.

Further usable according to the invention cationic compounds are the quaternized protein hydrolyzates represents.

Suitable cationic polymers include the polyquaternium polymers as described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary (The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance, Inc., 1997), in particular the polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-7, polyquaternium- also known as merquats. 10-polymers (Ucare Polymer IR 400; Amerchol), polyquaternium-4 copolymers, such as graft copolymers with a cellulose skeleton and quar tary ammonium groups, which are bound via allyldimethylammonium chloride, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as cationic guar, such as guar hydroxypropyltriammonium chloride, and similar quaternized guar derivatives (e.g. Cosmedia Guar, manufacturer: Cognis GmbH), cationic quaternary sugar derivatives (cationic alkyl), polyglucoside , B. the commercial product Glucquat ^® 100, according to CTFA nomenclature a "Lauryl Methyl Gluceth-10 Hydroxypropyl Dimonium Chloride", copolymers of PVP and dimethylaminomethacrylate, copolymers of vinylimidazole and vinylpyrrolidone, aminosilicone polymers and copolymers, polyquaternized polymers (z. B. Luviquat Care from BASF) and also cationic biopolymers based on chitin and derivatives thereof, for example, under the trade designation chitosan ^® (manufacturer: Cognis available) polymer.

Also suitable according to the invention are cationic silicone oils such as, for example, the commercially available products Q2-7224 (manufacturer: Dow Corning; a stabilized trimethylsilylamodimethicone), Dow Corning 929 emulsion (containing a hydroxylamino-modified silicone, which is also referred to as amodimethicone), SM -2059 (manufacturer: General Electric), SLM-55067 (manufacturer: Wacker) Abil ^® -Quat 3270 and 3272 (manufacturer: Goldschmidt-Rewo; diquartary polydimethylsiloxanes, Quaternium-80), and silicone quat Rewoquat ^® SQ 1 (Tegopren ^® 6922, Manufacturer: Goldschmidt-Rewo).

die Alkylamidoamine in ihrer nicht quaternierten oder, wie dargestellt, ihrer quaternierten Form, sein können. R^v kann ein aliphatischer Acylrest mit 12 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen mit 0, 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen sein. s kann Werte zwischen 0 und 5 annehmen. R^w und R^x stehen unabhängig voneinander jeweils für H, C_1–4-Alkyl oder Hydroxyalkyl. Bevorzugte Verbindungen sind Fettsäureamidoamine wie das unter der Bezeichnung Tego Amid^®S 18 erhältliche Stearylamidopropyldimethylamin oder das unter der Bezeichnung Stepantex^® X 9124 erhältliche 3-Talgamidopropyl-trimethylammonium-methosulfat, die sich neben einer guten konditionierenden Wirkung auch durch farbübertragungsinhibierende Wirkung sowie speziell durch ihre gute biologische Abbaubarkeit auszeichnen.Compounds of the formula (VIII) can also be used,

the alkylamidoamines can be in their non-quaternized or, as shown, their quaternized form. R ^v can be an aliphatic acyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms with 0, 1, 2 or 3 double bonds. s can take values between 0 and 5. R ^w and R ^x each independently represent H, C _1-4 alkyl or hydroxyalkyl. Preferred compounds are fatty acid amidoamines such as the stearylamidopropyldimethylamine available under the name Tego Amid ^® S 18 or the 3-tallowamidopropyl trimethylammonium methosulfate available under the name Stepantex ^® X 9124, which, in addition to having a good conditioning effect, also have an ink transfer inhibiting effect and especially their good effect distinguish biodegradability.

If cationic surfactants are used, so they are preferred in the preparations in amounts of 0.01 to Contain 10 wt .-%, in particular from 0.1 to 3.0 wt .-%.

The total surfactant content can be in the agents according to the invention between 5 and 50% by weight, preferably between 10 and 35% by weight.

In addition to the surfactants, there are builders the most important ingredients of detergents and cleaning agents. In the surfactant-containing Preparations can usually builders used in washing and cleaning agents may be present, in particular So zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and - where no ecological There are prejudices against their use - including phosphates.

Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x +1} , H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1.9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2, 3 or 4. Such crystalline layered silicates are described, for example, in the European patent application EP-A-0 164 514 described. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M represents sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3. Particularly Both .beta.- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ · _y H ₂ O are preferred, with beta-sodium disilicate, for example, obtained by the method / described in the international patent application WO-A-91 08,171th

Amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, can also be used are delayed in dissolving and have secondary washing properties. The delay in dissolution compared to conventional amorphous sodium silicates can be caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compacting / compression or by overdrying. So-called X-ray amorphous silicates, which also have a delay in dissolution compared to conventional water glasses, are described, for example, in the German patent application DE-A-44 00 024 described. The products have microcrystalline areas of size 10 to a few hundred nm, values up to max. 50 nm and in particular up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and over-dried X-ray amorphous silicates are particularly preferred.

An optionally used finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite is preferably zeolite A and / or P. Zeolite of the P type is zeolite MAP (e.g. commercial product: Doucil A24 from Crosfield) is particularly preferred. However, zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P are also suitable. Commercially available and can preferably be used in the context of the present invention, for example a co-crystallizate of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), which is sold by CONDEA Augusta SpA under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and by the formula nNa ₂ O · (1-n) K ₂ O · Al ₂ O ₃ · (2 - 2.5) SiO ₂ · (3.5 - 5.5) H ₂ O can be described. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution; measurement method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

It goes without saying in detergents also the use of the generally known phosphates as builder substances possible, unless such use is avoided for ecological reasons should be. The sodium salts of the orthophosphates are particularly suitable, the pyrophosphates and especially the tripolyphosphates.

Usable organic builders are, for example, those that can be used in the form of their sodium salts polycarboxylic being under polycarboxylic acids such carboxylic acids can be understood that carry more than one acid function. For example these are citric acid, adipic acid, Succinic acid, Glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if their use is ecological establish is not objectionable, and mixtures of these. preferred Salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and Mixtures of these. The acids themselves can also be used become. The acids In addition to their builder effect, they typically also have the property an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder one pH of preparations containing surfactants according to the invention. In particular in this context are citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid and to name any mixtures of these.

Polymers are also used as builders Suitable polycarboxylates. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.

In the context of the present invention, the molar masses given for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship to the polymers investigated. This information differs significantly from the molecular weight information for which polystyrene sulfonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrene acids are generally significantly higher than the molar masses specified in the context of the present invention.

Suitable polymers are in particular Polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol exhibit. Because of their superior solubility can from this group, the short-chain polyacrylates are preferred be the molecular weights of 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, particularly preferred from 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol.

Copolymers are also suitable Polycarboxylates, especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid or of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Copolymers of acrylic acid have been particularly suitable maleic proven to contain 50 to 90 wt .-% acrylic acid and 50 to 10 wt .-% maleic acid. Their relative molar mass, based on free acids, is generally 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 up to 40,000 g / mol.

The (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can can be used either as a powder or as an aqueous solution. The content of (co) polymeric polycarboxylates in the inventive washing and detergents preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, in particular 3 to 10% by weight.

To improve water solubility can the polymers also allylsulfonic acids, allyloxybenzenesulfonic and methallylsulfonic acid included as a monomer.

Are also particularly preferred biodegradable polymers from more than two different monomer units, for example those which are salts of acrylic acid and monomers the maleic acid as well as vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid as well as sugar derivatives contain.

Further preferred copolymers are those that preferably contain acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts as monomers or acrolein and vinyl acetate.

Are also preferred as others Builder substances polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids, their salts or their precursors to call. Polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives, some of which in addition to co-builder properties also have a bleach-stabilizing effect.

Other suitable builder substances are polyacetals, which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyolcarboxylic acids, which have 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups exhibit. Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.

Other suitable organic builder substances are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches. The Hydrolysis can be carried out according to the usual for example acid or enzyme-catalyzed processes. Preferably acts are hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol. There is a polysaccharide with one Dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range from 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, preferably where DE is a common one Measure of the reducing Effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose is which has a DE of 100. Both maltodextrins can be used with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher Molar masses in the range from 2,000 to 30,000 g / mol. A preferred dextrin is described in British patent application 94 19 091.

The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. An oxidized oligosaccharide is also suitable, although a product oxidized at C _{6 of} the saccharide ring can be particularly advantageous.

Also oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate, are others suitable co-builders. Ethylene diamine N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) preferably used in the form of the sodium or magnesium salts. Farther preferred in this context are also glycerol disuccinates and Glycerol trisuccinates. Suitable amounts are those containing zeolite and / or silicate-containing formulations at 3 to 15% by weight.

Other useful organic co-builders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which optionally also in lactone form and which at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and maximum two acid groups contain.

Another class of substances with co-builder properties represent the phosphonates. These are in particular around hydroxyalkane or aminoalkanephosphonates. Among the hydroalkane phosphonates is 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonate (HEDP) of particular importance as a co-builder. It is preferred used as the sodium salt, the disodium salt being neutral and the tetrasodium salt reacts alkaline (pH = 9). As aminoalkane phosphonates come preferably ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonate (EDTMP), Diethylene triamine pentamethylene phosphonate (DTPMP) and their higher homologues in question. They are preferably in the form of neutral reacting Sodium salts, e.g. as the hexasodium salt of EDTMP or as hepta- and octasodium salt of DTPMP. As a builder HEDP is preferably used from the class of the phosphonates. The aminoalkane phosphonates also have a pronounced Heavy metal binding capacity. Accordingly, it can, especially if the surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention also contain bleach, be preferred, aminoalkane phosphonates, in particular DTPMP to use or mixtures of the phosphonates mentioned to use.

In addition, everyone can Compounds capable of complexes with alkaline earth metal ions to be used as a co-builder.

Among the compounds which serve as bleaching agents and supply H ₂ O ₂ in water, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance. Further bleaches which can be used are, for example, sodium percarbonate, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloiminoperic acid or diperdodecanedioic acid. If cleaning or bleaching preparations for machine dishwashing are produced, bleaching agents from the group of organic bleaching agents can also be used. Typical organic bleaching agents are the diacyl peroxides, such as dibenzoyl peroxide. Other typical organic bleaching agents are peroxy acids, examples of which include alkyl peroxy acids and aryl peroxy acids. Preferred representatives are (a) peroxybenzoic acid and its ring-substituted derivatives, such as alkylperoxybenzoic acids, but also peroxy-α-naphthoic acid and magnesium monoperphthalate; (b) the aliphatic or substituted aliphatic peroxyacids, such as peroxylauric acid, peroxystearic acid, ε-phthalimidoperoxycaproic acid [phthaloiminoperoxyhexanoic acid (PAP)], o-carboxybenzamido-peroxycaproic acid, N-nonenylamido operadipic acid and N-nonenate amidooper; and (c) aliphatic and araliphatic peroxydicarboxylic acids, such as 1,12-diperoxycarboxylic acid, 1,9-diperoxyazelaic acid, diperocysebacic acid, diperoxybrassylic acid, the diperoxyphthalic acids, 2-decyldiperoxybutane-1,4-diacid, N, N-terephthaloyl-diap (6 ) can be used.

In order to achieve an improved bleaching effect when washing or cleaning at temperatures of 60 ° C. and below, bleach activators can be incorporated into the surfactant-containing preparations. Bleach activators which can be used are compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxocarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid. Substances are suitable which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the number of carbon atoms mentioned and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups. Are preferred polyacylated alkylenediamines, especially tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, especially 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, especially tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, in particular n-nonanoyl- or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, 2-ethylene glycol diacetate and 2.5 5-dihydrofuran.

In addition to the conventional Bleach activators or in their place can also be so-called bleach catalysts be incorporated into the surfactant-containing preparations. With these Fabrics are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo salt complexes or carbonyl complexes. Also Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing tripod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru amine complexes can be used as bleaching catalysts.

As enzymes come from Class of proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases or their mixtures in question. Bacterial strains or are particularly well suited Fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Streptomyces griseus-derived enzymatic agents. Proteases are preferred of the subtilisin type and especially proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used. Here are enzyme mixtures, for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or from Protease, amylase and lipase or protease, lipase and cellulase, in particular, however, cellulase-containing mixtures of particular importance Interest. Peroxidases or oxidases have also been found in some make proven suitable. The enzymes can be adsorbed on carriers and / or in coating substances embedded to protect them against premature decomposition. The Proportion of the enzymes, enzyme mixtures or enzyme granules in the surfactant-containing ones Preparations can be, for example, about 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to about 2% by weight.

A preferred group more suitable Additives are optical brighteners. The can be used here usual in detergents optical brightener. examples for optical brighteners are derivatives of diaminostilbenedisulfonic acid or their alkali metal salts. Are suitable for. B. salts of 4, 4'-bis (2-anilino-4-morpholino1,3,5-triazinyl-6-amino-) stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or similarly structured compounds that replace the morpholino group a diethanol-amino group, a methylamino group, an anilino group or a 2-methoxyethylamino group wear. Can continue Brightener of the type of the substituted diphenylstyryl in the partial portions (wash-active preparations) of the surfactant-containing preparations according to the invention be included, e.g. B. the alkali salts of 4,4'-bis (2-sulfostyryl) diphenyl, 4,4'-bis (4-chloro-3-sulfostyryl) diphenyl or 4- (4-chlorostyryl-) 4 '- (2-sulfostyryl-) diphenyls. Mixtures of the aforementioned brighteners can also be used.

Another group of additives preferred according to the invention are UV protection substances. UV absorbers can absorb onto the treated textiles and improve the lightfastness of the fibers and / or the lightfastness of the other recipe components. UV absorbers are understood to mean organic substances (light protection filters) which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and release the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, for example heat. Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds and derivatives of benzophenone which are active by radiationless deactivation and have substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Substituted benzotriazoles, such as, for example, the water-soluble benzenesulfonic acid 3- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4-hydroxy-5- (methylpropyl) monosodium salt (Cibafast ^® H), are also phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives) in the 3-position. , optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanoic acid. Biphenyl and especially stilbene derivatives such as those in the EP 0728749 A are described and are commercially available as Tinosorb ^® FD or Tinosorb ^® FR ex Ciba.

3-Benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, for example 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor, as in the EP 0693471 B1 described; 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and amyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate; Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamate (octocrylene); Esters of salicylic acid, preferably salicylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, salicylic acid 4-isopropylbenzyl ester, salicylic acid homomethyl ester; Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone; Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate; Triazine derivatives, such as 2,4,6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1 ^'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as in the EP 0818450 A1 described or dioctyl butamido triazone (Uvasorb ^® HEB); Propane-1,3-diones such as 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione; Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, as in the EP 0694521 B1 described. 2-Phenylbenzimi are also suitable dazol-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts; Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts; Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor, such as 4- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene methyl) benzene sulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) sulfonic acid and their salts.

Derivatives of benzoylmethane, such as 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl, are particularly suitable as typical UV-A filters -4'-methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione and enamine compounds as described in the DE 19712033 A1 (BASF). The UV-A and UV-B filters can of course also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble light-protection pigments, namely finely dispersed, preferably nanoized metal oxides or salts, are also suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are, in particular, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium and mixtures thereof. Silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used as salts. The oxides and salts are already used in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They can have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use particles which have an ellipsoidal shape or a shape which differs in some other way from the spherical shape. The pigments can also be surface-treated, ie hydrophilized or hydrophobicized. Typical examples are coated titanium dioxide, such as titanium dioxide T 805 (Degussa) or Eusolex ^® T2000 (Merck). Silicones, and in particular trialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones, are particularly suitable as hydrophobic coating agents. Micronized zinc oxide is preferably used. Further suitable UV light protection filters can be found in the overview by P.Finkel in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996).

The UV absorbers are usually in amounts from 0.01% by weight to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.03% by weight up to 1% by weight.

Another preferred according to the invention Additives are dyes, especially water-soluble or water dispersible dyes. Dyes are preferred here, how to improve the visual appearance of products in washing, rinsing, Cleaning and finishing agents usually be used. The selection of such dyes prepares the No problem for a person skilled in the art, especially since such customary dyes high storage stability and insensitivity to the rest Ingredients of the active washing preparations and against light as well not a distinct one substantivity across from Textile fibers so as not to stain them. The dyes are according to the invention in the Washing and / or Detergents according to the invention present in amounts of less than 0.01% by weight.

Another class of additives, according to the invention the washing and / or cleaning agents can be added are polymers. Among these polymers, on the one hand, there are polymers that come into question during washing or cleaning or rinsing Cobuilder properties also show, for example polyacrylic acids modified polyacrylic acids or corresponding copolymers. Another group of polymers are polyvinyl pyrrolidone and other graying inhibitors, such as Copolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone, cellulose ether and the like. So-called soil repellents are also preferred as polymers in question, as they are described in detail below.

As further additives according to the invention, the Detergents and cleaning agents also contain so-called soil repellents, in other words, polymers that attach to fibers, the oil and fat washability from textiles positively influence and thus targeted re-contamination counteract. This effect is particularly evident when a Textile is soiled, which has previously been washed several times with a washing or Detergent that this oil- and fat-dissolving Component contains was washed. Among the preferred oil and fat dissolving components counting for example nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose containing methoxy groups from 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropoxy groups from 1 to 15 % By weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether, and the polymers of phthalic acid and / or known from the prior art of terephthalic acid respectively.

of their derivatives, in particular Polymers made from ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives of this. Of these, the sulfonated derivatives are particularly preferred the phthalic acid and the terephthalic acid polymers.

Especially if it is liquid or gel Preparations can these also solvents contain. examples for suitable solvents are monohydric or polyhydric alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. preferred Alcohols are ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerin and any of them Mixtures. The solvents can in liquid Preparations in an amount of 2 to 12% by weight, based on the finished preparation, be included.

The additives mentioned are the Detergents and / or cleaning agents in quantities up to a maximum 30 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 20 wt .-% added.

This list of detergent and cleaning agent ingredients in the invention Detergents, dishwashing detergents or cleaning agents may not be exhaustive, but merely reflect the essential typical ingredients of such detergents. In particular, as far as liquid or gel preparations are concerned, organic solvents can also be contained in the agents. It is preferably monohydric or polyhydric alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preferred alcohols in such agents are ethanol, 1,2-propanediol, glycerol and mixtures of these alcohols. In preferred embodiments, such agents contain 2 to 12% by weight of such alcohols.

According to a special embodiment are especially liquid or solid washing and / or cleaning agents as well as textile treatment agents, like especially fabric softener, Textile conditioners and / or dryer sheets preferred. Also special washing and cleaning agents are preferred which are suitable for delicates or gentle treatment of sensitive textiles, e.g. Wool, are suitable.

Depending on the intended use, others can Ingredients are used. Fabric softener compositions for rinse bath leveling are widely described in the prior art. Usually contain these Compositions as an active substance a cationic quaternary ammonium compound, the is dispersed in water. Depending on the content of the finished plasticizer composition active substance is called diluted, ready-to-use products (Active substance contents below 7% by weight) or so-called concentrates (Active substance content over 7% by weight). Because of the lower volume and at the same time Reduced packaging and transport costs have advantages for the fabric softener concentrates out of ecological View and have prevailed in the market more and more. by virtue of the incorporation of cationic compounds that are only minor Water have, are usual Fabric softener compositions in the form of dispersions, have a milky, cloudy appearance and are not translucent. For reasons of product aesthetics but it can also be desired his,. translucent, clear fabric softener to the consumer disposal to provide that stand out visually from the known products.

As fabric softening active substance, fabric softeners according to the invention preferably contain cationic surfactants, which have already been described in detail above. These agents according to the invention particularly preferably contain so-called ester quats. While there are a large number of possible compounds from this class of substances, esterquats are used according to the invention with particular preference which can be prepared in a manner known per se by reacting trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids, optionally subsequent alkoxylation of the reaction product and quaternization in the DE 195 39 846 is described.

The manufactured in this way Esterquats are outstandingly suitable for producing portions according to the invention, the as a fabric softener can be used. Because depending on the choice of trialkanolamine, fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids as well a large number of suitable products of the quaternizing agent and in the agents according to the invention can be used, a description of the invention is preferred esterquats to be used their path of manufacture more precisely than giving a general formula.

The above components work together react to the preferred ester quats can be in varying proportions are used to each other. Within the scope of the present invention are fabric softeners preferred in which a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in molar ratio 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, which optionally alkoxylates and subsequently was quaternized in a manner known per se, in amounts of 2 to Contain 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-% is. The use of triethanolamine is particularly preferred, so that more preferred fabric softener of the present invention a reaction product of triethanolamine with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids in molar ratio 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, which optionally alkoxylates and subsequently was quaternized in a manner known per se, in amounts of 2 to Contain 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30 wt .-%.

As fatty acids in the reaction mixture Production of all esterquats Acids obtained from vegetable or animal oils and fats become. There can also be a fatty acid in the reaction mixture Room temperature non-solid, i.e. pasty to liquid, fatty acid used become.

The fatty acids can be independent of their physical state saturated or one or more times unsaturated his. Of course can not only "pure" fatty acids used but also those obtained from fats and oils during the splitting technical fatty acid mixtures, taking these mixtures of economic View are clearly preferred.

For example, individual species or mixtures of the following acids can be used in the reaction mixtures for the preparation of the ester quats for the clear aqueous fabric softener according to the invention: caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, octadecan-12-ol acid, arachic acid, behenic acid , Lignoceric acid, cerotic acid, melissic acid, 10-undecenoic acid, petroselinic acid, petroselaidic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, ricinoleic acid, linolaidic acid, α- and β-eläosterainic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, brassidic acid. Of course, the fatty acids with an odd number of carbon atoms can also be used, for example undecanoic acid, tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, heptadecanoic acid, nonadecanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, tricosanoic acid, pentacosanoic acid, heptacosanoic acid.

in der R1-CO- für einen aliphatischen, linearen oder verzweigten Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und 0 und/oder 1, 2 oder 3 Doppelbindungen steht und Dicarbonsäuren im molaren Verhältnis 1:10 bis 10:1, vorzugsweise 1:5 bis 5:1, das gegebenenfalls alkoxyliert und anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise quaterniert wurde, in Mengen von 2 bis 60, vorzugsweise 3 bis 35 und insbesondere 5 bis 30 Gew.-% in den Mitteln enthalten.In the context of the present invention, the use of fatty acids of the formula XIII in the reaction mixture for the preparation of the esterquats is preferred, so that preferred fabric softeners are a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids of the formula IX,

in which R1-CO- represents an aliphatic, linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and 0 and / or 1, 2 or 3 double bonds and dicarboxylic acids in a molar ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5 : 1, which was optionally alkoxylated and then quaternized in a manner known per se, contained in the compositions in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30% by weight.

in der X für eine gegebenenfalls hydroxysubstituierte Alkylengruppe mit 1 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, im molaren Verhältnis 1:10 bis 10:1, vorzugsweise 1:5 bis 5:1, das gegebenenfalls alkoxyliert und anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise quaterniert wurde, in Mengen von 2 bis 60, vorzugsweise 3 bis 35 und insbesondere 5 bis 30 Gew.-% in den Mitteln enthalten.Suitable dicarboxylic acids which are suitable for producing the esterquats to be used in the agents according to the invention are, in particular, saturated or mono- or polyunsaturated α, ωdicarboxylic acids. Examples include the saturated species oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanoic and dodecanoic acid, brassylic acid, tetra- and pentadecanoic acid, thapic acid as well as hepta-, octa- and nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid and eicosanoic acid, eicosanoic acid and called phellogenic acid. Dicarboxylic acids which follow the general formula XIII are preferably used in the reaction mixture, so that agents according to the invention are preferred which contain a reaction product of trialkanolamines with a mixture of fatty acids and dicarboxylic acids of the formula X,

in which X represents an optionally hydroxyl-substituted alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, in a molar ratio of 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably 1: 5 to 5: 1, which was optionally alkoxylated and then quaternized in a manner known per se, in quantities from 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30% by weight in the compositions.

Of the large number of esterquats that can be prepared and used according to the invention, those in which the alkanolamine is treithanolamine and the dicarboxylic acid is adipic acid have proven particularly useful. Thus, in the context of the present invention, agents are particularly preferred which are a reaction product of triethanolamine with a mixture of fatty acids and adipic acid in a molar ratio of 1: 5 to 5: 1, preferably 1: 3 to 3: 1, which is then carried out in a manner known per se was quaternized, in amounts of 2 to 60, preferably 3 to 35 and in particular 5 to 30% by weight in the detergents. The detergents according to the invention can - and depending on whether they are formulated as textile detergents, washing aids or fabric softeners - also with others Additional benefits are equipped. For example, color transfer inhibiting compositions, agents with an “anti-gray formula”, agents with ironing relief, agents with special fragrance release, agents with improved dirt release or prevention of re-soiling, antibacterial agents, UV protection agents, color-refreshing agents, etc. can be formulated. Some examples are explained below:
Since textile fabrics, in particular made from rayon, rayon, cotton and their mixtures, can be wrinkled because the individual fibers prevent bending and kinking. If pressing and squeezing across the grain are sensitive, the agents according to the invention can contain synthetic anti-crease agents. These include, for example, synthetic products based on fatty acids, fatty acid esters. Fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, alkylolamides or fatty alcohols, which are mostly reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid esters.

To unwanted, due to exposure to oxygen and other oxidative processes caused changes in the agents and / or To prevent the treated textiles, the agents can have antioxidants contain. This class of compounds includes, for example, substituted ones Phenols, hydroquinones, pyrocatechols and aromatic amines as well organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, phosphites and Phosphonates.

Increased wearing comfort can result from the additional use of antistatic agents, which are additionally added to the agents according to the invention. Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and thus enable the flow of charges that have formed to improve. External antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecular ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic film on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be divided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents. Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are suitable as antistatic agents for textiles or as an additive to detergents, with an additional anti-aging effect.

To improve water absorption, the Rewettability of the treated textiles and for relief of ironing of the treated textiles can in the agents according to the invention, for example Silicone derivatives are used. These also improve that rinse behavior of the agents according to the invention due to their foam-inhibiting properties. Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylarylsiloxanes in which the alkyl groups one to five Have carbon atoms and are partially or completely fluorinated. preferred Silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may be derivatized could be and then are amino-functional or quaternized or Si-OH-, Si-N- and / or Si-Cl bonds exhibit. The viscosities the preferred silicones are between 100 and 100,000 at 25 ° C Centistokes, the silicones in amounts between 0.2 and 5% by weight, based on the total agent can be used.

Finally, the agents according to the invention also contain UV absorbers that attach to the treated textiles and lightfastness of the fibers improve. Connections that you want Have properties are, for example, those due to non-radiation Deactivating active compounds and derivatives of benzophenone with substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Furthermore, too substituted benzotriazoles, in the 3-position phenyl substituted acrylates (Cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes as well as natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic suitable.

Another subject of the present Invention are cosmetics and personal care products, the mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes to reduce the attachment contain keratinophilic fungi, such as hair shampoos, Hair lotions, bubble baths, Shower rooms, Foot baths, creams, Gels, lotions, alcoholic and aqueous / alcoholic solutions, Emulsions, wax / fat masses, stick preparations, powder or ointments can be used as Auxiliaries and additives mild surfactants, oil bodies, emulsifiers, superfatting agents, Pearlescent waxes, consistency enhancers, thickeners, polymers, silicone compounds, Fats, waxes, stabilizers, biogenic agents, deodorants, Antiperspirants, antidandruff agents, film formers, swelling agents, UV light protection factors, Antioxidants, hydrotropes, preservatives, insect repellents, Self, Solubilizers, perfume oils, dyes and the like included.

According to a preferred embodiment is the cosmetic preparation selected from personal care products, in particular Creams, lotions, gels (especially for hands and / or feet), shower, foam and / or foot baths and hair treatment agents, especially hair shampoos, hair lotions and Hair care products.

By using mono, sesqui and / or diterpenes in cosmetic preparations can adhere of keratinophilic fungi on skin, especially human skin, are preferably reduced.

The development of an infection of the Skin or the cornea as well as the skin appendages, can by the use of the cosmetic according to the invention Means are particularly well prevented. In particular, the attachment and thus also the propagation of keratinophilic mushrooms in the Skin and nails can by lotions according to the invention and skin creams, especially for hands and nails, can be prevented without additional antimicrobial substances to have to use.

Especially with dandruff their use in hair treatment agents, preferably hair shampoos or hair tonics and hair care products, such as hair treatments, preferably against dandruff, particularly suitable the trigger detach the dandruff from the scalp and hair and easier to remove.

Typical examples of suitable ones mild, i.e. particularly skin-friendly Surfactants are fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, Mono- and / or dialkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, taurides, Fatty acid glutamates, α-olefin sulfonates, ether, Alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, Alkylamidobetaines and / or protein fatty acid condensates, the latter preferably based on wheat proteins.

Guerbet alcohols based on fatty alcohols with 6 to 18, preferably 8 to 10, carbon atoms, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, esters of branched C ₆ -C _{1 3} - carboxylic acids with linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ -fatty alcohols, such as myristyl myristate, myristyl palmitate, myristyl stearate, Myristylisostearat, myristyl, Myristylbehenat, Myristylerucat, cetyl myristate, cetyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, Cetylisostearat, cetyl oleate, cetyl behenate, Cetylerucat, Stearylmyristat, stearyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, Stearylisostearat, stearyl oleate , stearyl behenate, Stearylerucat, isostearyl, isostearyl palmitate, Isostearylstearat, isostearyl isostearate, Isostearyloleat, isostearyl behenate, Isostearyloleat, oleyl myristate, oleyl palmitate, oleyl stearate, oleyl isostearate, oleyl oleate, Oleylbehenat, oleyl erucate, behenyl myristate, behenyl palmitate, behenyl, Behenylisostearat, behenyl oleate, behenyl behenate, behenyl erucate, erucyl myristat, erucyl palmitate, erucyl stearate, erucyl isostearate, erucyl oleate, erucyl behenate and erucylerucate. In addition, esters of linear C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty acids with branched alcohols, in particular 2-ethylhexanol, esters of hydroxycarboxylic acids with linear or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols, in particular dioctyl malates, esters of linear and / or branched fatty acids are also suitable polyhydric alcohols (such as propylene glycol, dimer diol or trimer triol) and / or Guerbet alcohols, triglycerides based on C ₆ -C ₁₀ fatty acids, liquid mono / di / triglyceride mixtures based on C ₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, esters of C ₈ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohols and / or Guerbet alcohols with aromatic carboxylic acids, in particular benzoic acid, esters of C ₂ -C _{1 2} dicarboxylic acids with linear or branched alcohols having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or polyols having 2 to 10 carbon atoms and 2 to 6 hydroxyl groups, vegetable oils, branched primary alcohols, Substituted cyclohexanes, linear and branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ fatty alcohol carbonates, Guerbet carbonates, esters of benzoic acid with linear and / or branched C ₆ -C ₂₂ alcohols (e.g. Finsolv ^® TN), linear or branched, symmetrical or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers with 6 bis 22 carbon atoms per alkyl group, ring opening products of epoxidized fatty acid esters with polyols, silicone oils and / or aliphatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons, such as squalane, squalene or dialkylcyclohexanes.

• (1) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid und/oder 0 bis 5 Mol Propylenoxid an lineare Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen, an Fettsäuren mit 12 bis 22 C-Atomen, an Alkylphenole mit 8 bis 15 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe sowie Alkylamine mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alkylrest;
• (2) C_12/18-Fettsäuremono- und -diester von Anlagerungsprodukten von 1 bis 30 Mol Ethylenoxid an Glycerin;
• (3) Glycerinmono- und -diester und Sorbitanmono- und -diester von gesättigten und ungesättigten Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen und deren Ethylenoxidanlagerungsprodukte;
• (4) Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylmono- und -oligoglycoside mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen im Alk(en)ylrest und deren ethoxylierte Analoga;
• (5) Anlagerungsprodukte von 15 bis 60 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöl und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;
• (6) Polyol- und insbesondere Polyglycerinester;
• (7) Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 15 Mol Ethylenoxid an Ricinusöl und/oder gehärtetes Ricinusöl;
• (8) Partialester auf Basis linearer, verzweigter, ungesättigter bzw. gesättigter C_{6 /22}-Fettsäuren, Ricinolsäure sowie 12-Hydroxystearinsäure und Glycerin, Polyglycerin, Pentaerythrit, Dipentaerythrit, Zuckeralkohole (z.B. Sorbit), Alkylglucoside (z.B. Methylglucosid, Butylglucosid, Laurylglucosid) sowie Polyglucoside (z.B. Cellulose);
• (9) Mono-, Di- und Trialkylphosphate sowie Mono-, Di- und/oder Tri-PEG-alkylphosphate und deren Salze;
• (10) Wollwachsalkohole;
• (11) Polysiloxan-Polyalkyl-Polyether-Copolymere bzw. entsprechende Derivate;
• (12) Mischester aus Pentaerythrit, Fettsäuren, Citronensäure und Fettalkohol gemäß DE 1165574 PS und/oder Mischester von Fettsäuren mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, Methylglucose und Polyolen, vorzugsweise Glycerin oder Polyglycerin,
• (13) Polyalkylenglycole sowie
• (14) Glycerincarbonat.

Suitable emulsifiers are, for example, nonionic surfactants from at least one of the following groups:

• (1) Adducts of 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide with linear fatty alcohols with 8 to 22 C atoms, with fatty acids with 12 to 22 C atoms, with alkylphenols with 8 to 15 C atoms in the Alkyl group and alkylamines with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical;
• (2) C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of 1 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide with glycerol;
• (3) glycerol monoesters and diesters and sorbitan monoesters and diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products;
• (4) alkyl and / or alkenyl mono- and oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl radical and their ethoxylated analogues;
• (5) adducts of 15 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
• (6) polyol and especially polyglycerol esters;
• (7) adducts of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide with castor oil and / or hardened castor oil;
• (8) partial esters based on linear, branched, unsaturated or saturated C _6/22 fatty acids, ricinoleic acid and 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerol, polyglycerol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sugar alcohols (for example sorbitol), alkyl glucosides (for example methyl glucoside, butyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside) as well as polyglucosides (eg cellulose);
• (9) mono-, di- and trialkyl phosphates and mono-, di- and / or tri-PEG-alkyl phosphates and their salts;
• (10) wool wax alcohols;
• (11) polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether copolymers or corresponding derivatives;
• (12) Mixed esters of pentaerythritol, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohol according to DE 1165574 PS and / or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, methyl glucose and polyols, preferably glycerol or polyglycerol,
• (13) polyalkylene glycols and
• (14) Glycerol carbonate.

The adducts of ethylene oxide and / or of propylene oxide with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, alkylphenols, glycerol mono- and diesters and sorbitan mono- and diesters of fatty acids or with castor oil are known, commercially available products. These are mixtures of homologs, the middle of which Degree of alkoxylation corresponds to the ratio of the amounts of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and substrate with which the addition reaction is carried out. C _12/18 fatty acid _monoesters and diesters of adducts of ethylene oxide with glycerol are from DE 2024051 PS known as a refatting agent for cosmetic preparations.

Alkyl and / or alkenyl mono- and -oligoglycosides, their preparation and their use are state of the art known in the art. They are manufactured in particular by Reaction of glucose or oligosaccharides with primary alcohols with 8 to 18 carbon atoms. In terms of of the glycoside residue applies that both Monoglycosides, in which a cyclic sugar residue is glycosidic is bound to the fatty alcohol, as well as oligomeric glycosides a degree of oligomerization up to preferably about 8 are suitable. The degree of oligomerization is a statistical mean, the one for such technical products usual Is based on homolog distribution.

Typical examples of suitable polyglycerol esters are Polyglyceryl-2 Dipolyhydroxystearate (Dehymuls ^® PGPH), Polyglycerin-3-Diisostearate (Lameform ^® TGI), Polyglyceryl-4 Isostearate (Isolan ^® GI 34), Polyglyceryl-3 Oleate, Düsostearoyl Polyglyceryl-3 Düsostearate (Isolan ^® PDI), Polyglyceryl-3 Methylglucose Distearate (Tego Care ^® 450), Polyglyceryl-3 Beeswax (Cera Bellina ^® ), Polyglyceryl-4 Caprate (Polyglycerl Caprate T2010 / 90), Polyglyceryl-3 Cetyl Ether (Chimexane ^® NL), Polyglyceryl -3 Distearate (Cremophor ^® GS 32) and Polyglyceryl Polyricinoleate (Admul ^® WOL 1403) Polyglyceryl Dimerate Isostearate and their mixtures.

Zwitterionic surfactants can also be used as emulsifiers. Zwitterionic surfactants are surface-active compounds that contain at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and one sulfonate group in the molecule. Particularly suitable zwitterionic surfactants are the so-called betaines, such as the N-alkyl-N, N-dimethylammoniumglycinate, in for example, the cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N, N-dimethylammonium glycinate, for example the cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate, and 2-alkyl-3-carboxylmethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines each having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acylamethylethylcoxamethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycoyloxymethylglycate and the coconut glycate. The fatty acid amide derivative known under the CTFA name Cocamidopropyl Betaine is particularly preferred. Suitable emulsifiers are ampholytic surfactants. Ampholytic surfactants are surface-active compounds which, in addition to a C _8/18 alkyl or acyl group, contain at least one free amino group and at least one -COOH or -SO ₃ H group in the molecule and are capable of forming internal salts. Examples of suitable ampholytic surfactants are N-alkylglycines, N-alkylpropionic acids, N-alkylaminobutyric acids, N-alkyliminodipropionic acids, N-hydroxyethyl-N-alkylamidopropylglycines, N-alkyltaurines, N-alkylsarcosines, 2-alkylaminopropionic acids and alkylaminoacetic acids each with about 8 to 18 C. Atoms in the alkyl group.

Particularly preferred ampholytic surfactants are N-cocoalkylaminopropionate, cocoacylaminoethylaminopropionate and C _12/18 acylsarcosine. In addition to the ampholytic emulsifiers, quaternary emulsifiers are also suitable, those of the esterquat type, preferably methylquaternized difatty acid triethanolamine ester salts, being particularly preferred.

Substances can be used as superfatting agents such as lanolin and lecithin, and polyethoxylated or acylated lanolin and lecithin derivatives, polyol fatty acid esters, Monoglycerides and fatty acid alkanolamides are used, the latter at the same time as foam stabilizers serve.

For example, come as pearlescent waxes in question: alkylene glycol esters, especially ethylene glycol distearate; fatty acid, especially coconut fatty acid diethanolamide; Partial glycerides, especially stearic acid monoglyceride; Esters of polyvalent, optionally hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids Fatty alcohols with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, especially long-chain ones Esters of tartaric acid; Fatty substances, such as fatty alcohols, fatty ketones, fatty aldehydes, Fatty ethers and fatty carbonates, which have a total of at least 24 carbon atoms, especially lauron and distearyl ether; Fatty acids such as stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid or behenic, Ring opening products of olefin epoxides with 12 to 22 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 carbon atoms and / or polyols with 2 to 15 carbon atoms and 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups and mixtures thereof.

As consistency givers come first Line fatty alcohols or hydroxy fatty alcohols with 12 to 22 and preferably 16 to 18 carbon atoms and in addition partial glycerides, fatty acids or Hydroxy fatty acids in Consideration. A combination of these substances with alkyl oligoglucosides is preferred and / or fatty acid N-methylglucamides same chain length and / or polyglycerol poly-12-hydroxystearates.

Suitable thickeners are, for example, Aerosil types (hydrophilic silicas), polysaccharides, in particular xanthan gum, guar guar, agar agar, alginates and tyloses, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose, and also higher molecular weight polyethylene glycol mono- and diesters of fatty acids, polyacrylates (eg carbopols) ^® from Goodrich or Synthalene® from Sigma), polyacrylamides, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone, surfactants such as ethoxylated fatty acid glycerides, esters of fatty acids with polyols such as pentaerythritol or trimethylolpropane, fatty alcohol ethoxylates with a narrow homolog distribution or alkyl oligoglucosides and electrolytes such as sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.

Suitable cationic polymers are, for example, cationic cellulose derivatives, such as a quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose, which is available under the name Polymer JR 400 ^® from Amerchol, cationic starch, copolymers of diallylammonium salts and acrylamides, quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / vinylimidazole polymers, such as Luviquat ^® (BASF) , condensation products of polyglycols and amines, quaternized collagen polypeptides, for example lauryldimonium hydroxypropyl hydrolyzed collagen (Lamequat® ^® L / Grunau), quaternized wheat polypeptides, polyethyleneimine, cationic silicone polymers, for example, amodimethicone, copolymers of adipic acid and dimethylaminohydroxypropyl diethylenetriamine (Cartaretine ^® / Sandoz), copolymers of Acrylic acid with dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (Merquat ^® 550 / Chemviron), polyaminopolyamides, as described for example in the FR 2252840 A as well as their crosslinked water-soluble polymers, cationic chitin derivatives such as quaternized chitosan, optionally microcrystalline, condensation products of dihaloalkylene, such as dibromobutane with bisdialkylamines, such as bis-dimethylamino-1,3-propane, cationic guar gum, such as Jaguar ^® CBS, Jaguar ^® C-17, Jaguar ^® C-16 of Celanese, quaternized ammonium salt polymers, for example Mirapol ^® A-15, Mirapol® AD-1, Mirapol ^® AZ-1 from Miranol.

As anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers come, for example, vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymers, Vinylpyrrolidone / vinyl acrylate copolymers Vinyl acetate / butyl maleate / isobornyl acrylate copolymers, methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers and their esters, uncrosslinked and polyols crosslinked polyacrylic acids, acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride / acrylate copolymers, Octylacnlamid / methyl methacrylate / tert.Butylaminoethylmethacrylat / 2 Hydroxyproyl methacrylate copolymers, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl pyrrolidone / vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl pyrrolidone / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinyl caprolactam terpolymers and optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones in question.

Suitable silicone compounds are, for example, dimethylpolysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysiloxanes, Cyclic silicones as well as amino, fatty acid, alcohol, polyether, epoxy, fluorine, glycoside and / or alkyl modified silicone compounds, which can be both liquid and resinous at room temperature. Simethicones, which are mixtures of dimethicones with an average chain length of 200 to 300 dimethylsiloxane units and hydrogenated silicates, are also suitable. A detailed overview of suitable volatile silicones can also be found by Todd et al. in Cosm.Toil. 91, 27 (1976).

Typical examples of fats are glycerides, waxes include natural waxes such as candelilla, Carnauba wax, Japanese wax, esparto grass wax, cork wax, guaruma wax, rice-germ oil wax, Sugar cane wax, ouricury wax, montan wax, beeswax, shellac wax, Walrat, Lanolin (wool wax), Bürzelfett, Ceresin, ozokerite (earth wax), petrolatum, paraffin waxes, micro waxes; chemical modified waxes (hard waxes), e.g. Montanester waxes, Sasol waxes, hydrogenated jojoba waxes as well as synthetic waxes, e.g. polyalkylene and polyethylene glycol waxes in question.

Metal salts can be used as stabilizers of fatty acids, such as. Magnesium, aluminum and / or zinc stearate or ricinoleate be used.

Biogenic active ingredients are, for example Tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, tocopherol palmitate, ascorbic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, retinol, Bisabolol, allantoin, phytantriol, panthenol, AhA acids, amino acids, ceramides, Pseudoceramides, essential oils, To understand plant extracts and vitamin complexes.

Cosmetic deodorants (deodorants) counteract body odors, mask them or eliminate them. Body odors arise by the action of skin bacteria on apocrine sweat, being uncomfortable smelling degradation products are formed. Accordingly included Deodorants Active ingredients that act as germ inhibitors, enzyme inhibitors, Odor absorber or odor masker act.

As a germ inhibitor, if necessary additionally to inhibit adhesion of keratinophilic fungi suitable monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their derivatives, the cosmetics according to the invention can be added are fundamental all substances effective against gram-positive bacteria, such as z. B. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and their salts and esters, N- (4-chlorophenyl) -N '- (3,4 dichlorophenyl) urea, 2,4,4'-trichloro-2'-hydroxydiphenyl ether (triclosan), 4-chloro-3,5- dimethylphenol, 2,2'-methylene-bis (6-bromo-4-chloro phenol), 3-methyl-4- (1-methylethyl) phenol, 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol, 3- (4-chlorophenoxy) -1,2-propanediol, 3-1od-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, chlorhexidine, 3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide (TTC), antibacterial Fragrances, menthol, mint oil, Phenoxyethanol, glycerol monolaurate (GML), diglycerol monocaprinate (DMC), salicylic acid N-alkyl amides such as B. Salicylic acid n-octylamide or salicylic acid-n-decylamide.

Enzyme inhibitors can also be added to the cosmetics according to the invention. For example, esterase inhibitors may be suitable enzyme inhibitors. These are preferably trialkyl such as trimethyl citrate, tripropyl, triisopropyl, tributyl citrate and especially triethyl citrate (Hydagen® ^® CAT, Henkel KGaA, Dusseldorf / FRG). The substances inhibit enzyme activity and thereby reduce odor. Other substances which can be considered as esterase inhibitors are sterol sulfates or phosphates, such as, for example, lanosterol, cholesterol, campesteric, stigmasterol and sitosterol sulfate or phosphate, dicarboxylic acids and their esters, such as, for example, glutaric acid, glutaric acid monoethyl ester, glutaric acid diethyl ester, adipic acid, Monoethyl adipate, diethyl adipate, malonic acid and diethyl malonate, hydroxycarboxylic acids and their esters such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid or tartaric acid diethyl ester, and zinc glycinate.

Suitable odor absorbers are substances absorb the odor-forming compounds and hold them to a large extent can. They lower and reduce the partial pressure of the individual components so also their speed of propagation. It is important that Perfumes unaffected have to stay. Odor absorbers are not effective against bacteria. They contain for example, the main ingredient is a complex zinc salt of ricinoleic acid or special, largely odorless fragrances, which are known to the person skilled in the art as "fixators", such as z. B. extracts of Labdanum or Styrax or certain abietic acid derivatives. As a smell masker act fragrances or perfume oils that additionally on their function as odor maskers give the deodorants their respective fragrance. As perfume oils are for example called mixtures of natural and synthetic fragrances. natural Fragrances are extracts from flowers, Stems and leaves, fruits, Fruit peel, roots, wood, herbs and grasses, Needles and twigs as well as resins and balms. Furthermore come animal Raw materials in question, such as civet and castoreum. typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester type, Ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons.

• (a) adstringierende Wirkstoffe,
• (b) Ölkomponenten,
• (c) nichtionische Emulgatoren,
• (d) Coemulgatoren,
• (e) Konsistenzgeber,
• (f) Hilfsstoffe wie z. B. Verdicker oder Komplexierungsmittel und/oder
• (g) nichtwässrige Lösungsmittel wie z. B. Ethanol, Propylenglykol und/oder Glycerin.

Antiperspirants (antiperspirants) reduce sweat formation by influencing the activity of the eccrine sweat glands and thus counteract armpit wetness and body odor. Aqueous or anhydrous formulations of antiperspirants typically contain the following ingredients:

• (a) astringent active ingredients,
• (b) oil components,
• (c) nonionic emulsifiers,
• (d) co-emulsifiers,
• (e) consistency generator,
• (f) auxiliaries such as B. thickeners or complexing agents and / or
• (g) non-aqueous solvents such as e.g. As ethanol, propylene glycol and / or glycerin.

As an astringent antiperspirant active are particularly suitable salts of aluminum, zirconium or Zinc. Such suitable antiperspirant active ingredients are e.g. Aluminum chloride, aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum dichlorohydrate, Aluminum sesquichlorohydrate and their complex compounds e.g. B. with 1,2-propylene glycol. Aluminum hydroxyallantoinate, aluminum chloride tartrate, Aluminum zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminum zirconium tetrachlorohydrate, Aluminum zirconium pentachlorohydrate and their complex compounds z. B. with amino acids like glycine.

• – entzündungshemmende, hautschützende oder wohlriechende ätherische Öle,
• – synthetische hautschützende Wirkstoffe und/oder
• – öllösliche Parfümöle.

In addition, customary oil-soluble and water-soluble auxiliaries can be present in smaller amounts in antiperspirants. Examples of such oil-soluble auxiliaries are:

• - anti-inflammatory, skin-protecting or fragrant essential oils,
• - synthetic skin-protecting agents and / or
• - oil-soluble perfume oils.

usual water-soluble additions are e.g. Preservatives, water-soluble fragrances, pH value adjusting agents, e.g. Buffer mixtures, water soluble Thickeners, e.g. water-soluble natural or synthetic polymers such as Xanthan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, Polyvinyl pyrrolidone or high molecular weight polyethylene oxides.

Climbazol, Octopirox and zinc pyrethione can be used. Preferably can fight of dandruff the preparations according to the invention with at least one of these antidandruff agents can be used in combination.

Common film formers are, for example Chitosan, microcrystalline chitosan, quaternized chitosan, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymers, polymers of the acrylic acid series, quaternary Cellulose derivatives, collagen, hyaluronic acid or its salts and the like Links.

Montmorillonites, as swelling agents for aqueous phases, Clay minerals, pemules and alkyl-modified carbopol types (Goodrich) serve. Other suitable polymers or swelling agents can be found in the overview by R.Lochhead in Cosm.Toil. 108, 95 (1993).

• – 3-Benzylidencampher bzw. 3-Benzylidennorcampher und dessen Derivate, z.B. 3-(4-Methylbenzyliden)campher wie in der EP 0693471 B1 beschrieben;
• – 4-Aminobenzoesäurederivate, vorzugsweise 4-Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäure-2-octylester und 4-(Dimethylamino)benzoesäureamylester;
• – Ester der Zimtsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxyzimtsäure-2-ethylhexylester, 4-Methoxyzimtsäurepropylester, 4-Methoxyzimtsäureisoamylester 2-Cyano-3,3-phenylzimtsäure-2-ethylhexylester (Octocrylene);
• – Ester der Salicylsäure, vorzugsweise Salicylsäure-2-ethylhexylester, Salicylsäure-4-isopropylbenzylester, Salicylsäurehomomenthylester;
• – Derivate des Benzophenons, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon, 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenon, 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon;
• – Ester der Benzalmalonsäure, vorzugsweise 4-Methoxybenzmalonsäuredi-2-ethylhexylester;
• – Triazinderivate, wie z.B. 2,4,6-Trianilino-(p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy)-1,3,5-triazin und Octyl Triazon, wie in der EP 0818450 A1 beschrieben oder Dioctyl Butamido Triazone (Uvasorb^® HEB);
• – Propan-1,3-dione, wie z.B. 1-(4-tert.Butylphenyl)-3-4'methoxyphenyl)propan-1,3-dion;
• – Ketotricyclo(5.2.1.0)decan-Derivate, wie in der EP 0694521 B1 beschrieben.

UV light protection factors are understood to mean, for example, liquid or crystalline organic substances (light protection filters) present at room temperature which are able to absorb ultraviolet rays and release the absorbed energy in the form of longer-wave radiation, for example heat. UVB filters can be oil-soluble or water-soluble. Examples of oil-soluble substances are:

• - 3-benzylidene camphor or 3-benzylidene norcampher and its derivatives, for example 3- (4-methylbenzylidene) camphor as in the EP 0693471 B1 described;
• - 4-aminobenzoic acid derivatives, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-dimethylamino) benzoate, 2-octyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate and amyl 4- (dimethylamino) benzoate;
• - Esters of cinnamic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, propyl 4-methoxycinnamate, isoamyl 4-methoxycinnamate, 2-ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-phenylcinnamate (octocrylene);
• - Esters of salicylic acid, preferably 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-isopropylbenzyl salicylic acid, homomethyl salicylic acid;
• - Derivatives of benzophenone, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4'-methylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone;
• - Esters of benzalmalonic acid, preferably di-2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxybenzmalonate;
• - Triazine derivatives, such as 2,4,6-trianilino- (p-carbo-2'-ethyl-1'-hexyloxy) -1,3,5-triazine and octyl triazone, as in the EP 0818450 A1 described or dioctyl butamido triazone (Uvasorb ^® HEB);
• Propane-1,3-diones, such as 1- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -3-4'methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione;
• - Ketotricyclo (5.2.1.0) decane derivatives, as in the EP 0694521 B1 described.

• – 2-Phenylbenzimidazol-5-sulfonsäure und deren Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium-, Alkylammonium-, Alkanolammonium- und Glucammoniumsalze;
• – Sulfonsäurederivate von Benzophenonen, vorzugsweise 2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenon-5-sulfonsäure und ihre Salze;
• – Sulfonsäurederivate des 3-Benzylidencamphers, wie z.B. 4-(2-Oxo-3-bornylidenmethyl)benzolsulfonsäure und 2-Methyl-5-(2-oxo-3-bornyliden)sulfonsäure und deren Salze.

Possible water-soluble substances are:

• - 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid and its alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylammonium, alkanolammonium and glucammonium salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of benzophenones, preferably 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulfonic acid and its salts;
• - Sulfonic acid derivatives of 3-benzylidene camphor, such as 4- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene methyl) benzenesulfonic acid and 2-methyl-5- (2-oxo-3-bornylidene) sulfonic acid and their salts.

Derivatives of benzoylmethane, such as 1- (4'-tert-butylphenyl) -3- (4'-methoxyphenyl) propane-1,3-dione, 4-tert-butyl, are particularly suitable as typical UV-A filters -4'methoxydibenzoylmethane (Parsol 1789), 1-phenyl-3- (4'-isopropylphenyl) propane-1,3-dione and enamine compounds as described in the DE 19712033 A1 (BASF). The UV-A and UV-B filters can of course also be used in mixtures. In addition to the soluble substances mentioned, insoluble light protection pigments, namely finely dispersed metal oxides or salts, are also suitable for this purpose. Examples of suitable metal oxides are, in particular, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide and, in addition, oxides of iron, zirconium, silicon, manganese, aluminum and cerium and mixtures thereof. Silicates (talc), barium sulfate or zinc stearate can be used as salts. The oxides and salts are used in the form of the pigments for skin-care and skin-protecting emulsions and decorative cosmetics. The particles should have an average diameter of less than 100 nm, preferably between 5 and 50 nm and in particular between 15 and 30 nm. They can have a spherical shape, but it is also possible to use particles which have an ellipsoidal shape or a shape which differs in some other way from the spherical shape. The pigments can also be surface-treated, ie hydrophilized or hydrophobicized. Typical examples are coated titanium dioxide, such as titanium dioxide T 805 (Degussa) or Eusolex ^® T2000 (Merck). Silicones, and in particular trialkoxyoctylsilanes or simethicones, are particularly suitable as hydrophobic coating agents. So-called micro- or nanopigments are preferably used in sunscreens. Micronized zinc oxide is preferably used. Further suitable UV light protection filters can be found in the overview by P.Finkel in SÖFW-Journal 122, 543 (1996).

In addition to the two groups mentioned above primary Sunscreen substances can also secondary Light stabilizers of the antioxidant type are used, that interrupt the photochemical reaction chain that is triggered if UV radiation penetrates the skin. Typical examples are amino acids (e.g.

Glycine, histidine, tyrosine, tryptophan) and their derivatives, imidazoles (e.g. urocanic acid) and their derivatives, peptides such as D, L-carnosine, D-carnosine, L-carnosine and their derivatives (e.g. anserine), carotenoids, carotenes (e.g. α Carotene, β-carotene, lycopene) and their derivatives, chlorogenic acid and their derivatives, lipoic acid and their derivatives (e.g. dihydroliponic acid), aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil and other thiols (e.g. thioredoxin, glutathione, cysteine, cystine, cystamine and their glycosyl, N. Acetyl, methyl, ethyl, propyl, amyl, butyl and lauryl, palmitoyl, oleyl, γ-linoleyl, cholesteryl and glyceryl esters) and their salts, dilaurylthiodipropionate, distearylthiodipropionate, thiodipropionic acid and their derivatives (Esters, ethers, peptides, lipids, nucleotides, nucleosides and salts) and sulfoximine compounds (e.g. buthioninsulfoximines, homocysteine sulfoximine, butioninsulfones, penta-, hexa-, heptathioninsulfoximine) in very low tolerable dosages (e.g. pmol to μmol / kg), fer ner (metal) chelators (e.g. α-hydroxy fatty acids, palmitic acid, phytic acid, lactoferrin), α-hydroxy acids (e.g. citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid), humic acid, bile acid, bile extracts, bilirubin, biliverdin, EDTA, EGTA and their derivatives, unsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives (e.g. γ-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid), folic acid and their derivatives, ubiquinone and ubiquinol and their derivatives, vitamin C and derivatives (e.g. ascorbyl palmitate, Mg-ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl acetate), tocopherols and derivatives (e.g. vitamin E- acetate), vitamin A and derivatives (vitamin A palmitate) and coniferyl benzoate of benzoin, rutinic acid and derivatives thereof, α-glycosyl rutin, ferulic acid, Furfurylidenglucitol, carnosine, butylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, Nordihydroguajakharzsäure, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, trihydroxybutyrophenone, uric acid and derivatives thereof, mannose and their derivatives, superoxide dismutase, zinc and its derivatives (eg ZnO, ZnSO ₄ ) selenium and its derivatives te (eg selenium-methionine), stilbenes and their derivatives (eg stilbene oxide, trans-stilbene oxide) and the derivatives (salts, esters, ethers, sugars, nucleotides, nucleosides, peptides and lipids) of these active substances which are suitable according to the invention.

• – Glycerin;
• – Alkylenglycole, wie beispielsweise Ethylenglycol, Diethylenglycol, Propylenglycol, Butylenglycol, Hexylenglycol sowie Polyethylenglycole mit einem durchschnittlichen Molekulargewicht von 100 bis 1.000 Dalton;
• – technische Oligoglyceringemische mit einem Eigenkondensationsgrad von 1,5 bis 10 wie etwa technische Diglyceringemische mit einem Diglyceringehalt von 40 bis 50 Gew.-%;
• – Methyolverbindungen, wie insbesondere Trimethylolethan, Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolbutan, Pentaerythrit und Dipentaerythrit;
• – Niedrigalkylglucoside, insbesondere solche mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffen im Alkylrest, wie beispielsweise Methyl- und Butylglucosid;
• – Zuckeralkohole mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Sorbit oder Mannit,
• – Zucker mit 5 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, wie beispielsweise Glucose oder Saccharose;
• – Aminozucker, wie beispielsweise Glucamin;
• – Dialkoholamine, wie Diethanolamin oder 2-Amino-1,3-propandiol.

Hydrotropes such as ethanol, isopropyl alcohol or polyols can also be used to improve the flow behavior. Polyols that come into consideration here preferably have 2 to 15 carbon atoms and at least two hydroxyl groups. The polyols can also contain further functional groups, in particular amino groups, or be modified with nitrogen. Typical examples are

• - glycerin;
• - Alkylene glycols, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol and polyethylene glycols with an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000 daltons;
• Technical oligoglycerol mixtures with a degree of self-condensation of 1.5 to 10 such as technical diglycerol mixtures with a diglycerol content of 40 to 50% by weight;
• - Methyl compounds, such as in particular trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol;
• - Lower alkyl glucosides, especially those with 1 to 8 carbons in the alkyl radical, such as methyl and butyl glucoside;
• Sugar alcohols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as sorbitol or mannitol,
• - Sugar with 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as glucose or sucrose;
• - aminosugars such as glucamine;
• - Dialcohol amines, such as diethanolamine or 2-amino-1,3-propanediol.

Suitable as preservatives for example phenoxyethanol, formaldehyde solution, parabens, pentanediol or sorbic acid and the others listed in Appendix 6, Parts A and B of the Cosmetics Ordinance Classes. As insect repellents come N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide, 1,2-pentanediol or ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate in question as a self-tanner Dihydroxyacetone is suitable.

Mixtures are mentioned as perfume oils natural and synthetic fragrances. Natural fragrances are extracts of flowers (Lily, lavender, roses, jasmine, neroli, ylang-ylang), stems and leaves (Geranium, patchouli, petitgrain), fruits (anise, coriander, caraway, juniper), Fruit peels (bergamot, lemon, oranges), roots (Macis, Angelica, Celery, cardamom, costus, iris, calmus), wood (pine, sandal, guaiac, Cedar, rosewood), herbs and grasses (Tarragon, lemongrass, sage, thyme), needles and twigs (spruce, Fir, pine, mountain pine), resins and balsams (Galbanum, Elemi, Benzoin, myrrh, olibanum, opoponax). Furthermore come animal Raw materials in question, such as civet and castoreum. typical synthetic fragrance compounds are products of the ester type, Ethers, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons.

Suitable dyes for cosmetic purposes and approved substances, such as those used in the publication "Cosmetic Colorant "of the dye commission the German Research Foundation, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1984, S.81-106 are put together. These dyes are usually used in concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight, based on the entire mixture used.

The total proportion of auxiliaries and additives can be 1 to 50, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, based on the composition. The agents can be produced by customary cold or hot processes respectively; the phase inversion temperature method is preferably used.

Another object of the invention are pharmaceutical preparations for treatment and / or prophylaxis of fungal infections by keratinophilic fungi, characterized in that they contain mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes.

In particular, these preparations can be topical on the skin and its appendages, especially the hair and the nails be applied.

Infections caused by keratinophilic fungi, such as Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton (athlete's foot and nail fungus) or Malassezia (Pityriasis versicolor), cannot use this antifungal substances are treated. Also suitable the preparations according to the invention for prophylaxis of such infections in which the keratinophilic fungi be prevented from getting into the skin (especially the cornea) or fix in the skin appendages and uninhibited there to multiply. The formation of resistance of these fungi to the usual Antifungal agents are also avoided in this way.

Skin areas particularly prone to infection are the scalp, nails, Hands and Feet, body folds and especially toe and finger spaces. These infections will be correspondingly also tinea capitis, tinea unguium, tinea manuum, tinea pedis and tinea inguinalis.

The preparations according to the invention are particularly suitable for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of dermatomycoses caused by the keratinophilic fungi, especially the dermatophytes.

The pharmaceutical preparations preferably contain a physiologically compatible carrier. This includes an or several adjuvants, as usual can be used in such preparations as. B. thickeners, moisturizing and / or moisturizing substances, surfactants, emulsifiers, plasticizers, Foam brakes, greases, oils, Waxes, silicones, sequestrants, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric polymers, alkalizing or acidifying agents, Alcohols, polyols, softeners, Adsorbents, light stabilizers, electrolytes, organic solvents, Preservatives, bactericides, antioxidants, fragrances, flavors, Dyes and pigments.

With preferred topical administration can the pharmaceutical preparations in different forms, such as creams or ointments, especially in anhydrous form such as an oil or a balm or also in the form of an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, which can be, for example, a cream or a milk, in the form of suspensions, solutions, Powder or plaster. If the preparations are in anhydrous form can be present, the carrier a vegetable or animal oil, a mineral oil or also a synthetic oil or mixtures of such oils his.

1. Prevention the adhesion of Trichophyton mentagrophytes on textile surfaces farnesol

Tabelle 2:

Cultures of Trichophyton mentagrophytes were grown on wort agar for one week, suspended by washing in bidistilled (bidest.) H ₂ O and filtered through glass wool so that a cell density of 10 ⁷ cells / ml was reached. To 18 ml bidist. H ₂ O was then 120 mg of detergent E (without Far nesol, cf. Table 8) and as test substance 200 ppm farnesol and 2 ml of the cell suspension were added. In this approach, 2.5 x 2.5 cm textile lobes (70 wool / 30% silk) were incubated for 4 hours with shaking (150 rpm) at 40 ° C. After the incubation, the lobules were redistilled 4 times for 5 min with 50 ml. H ₂ O washed with shaking (200 rpm) at room temperature, then covered with a layer of wort agar and the mushroom colonies formed were counted after 7 days (Table 1). 1 and 10 μl of the supernatant were plated onto wort agar and the resulting colonies were counted after 7 days in order to determine the inhibitory effect of the farnesol added (Table 2). Table 1:

Table 2:

The results show a clear one Reduction of adhesion of T. mentagrophytes on textile surfaces by farnesol without influence of growth.

3. Influence of farnesol as an additive for the adhesion of Trichophyton rubrum on textile surfaces

• a) 24μl handelsüblicher Weichspüler in 15ml H₂O
• b) 24μl handelsüblicher Weichspüler plus 3μl Farnesol in 15ml H₂O
• c) H₂O

In the suspension of a Trichophyton rubrum culture, which was grown on wort agar for 7 days and washed off with distilled water, 2.5 × 2.5 cm-sized germ carriers (wool / silk mixture 70% / 30%) were shaken for 1 hour (150 rpm) incubated. A commercial fabric softener with / without addition of farnesol was also added to the incubation batches.

• a) 24μl commercial fabric softener in 15ml H ₂ O.
• b) 24μl commercial fabric softener plus 3μl farnesol in 15ml H ₂ O.
• c) H ₂ O

An approach served as control c) without additives. The amount of farnesol added corresponds to 200 ppm farnesol in the Wash liquor. After the incubation, the germ carriers were 4 times washed with 50 ml of distilled water each and overlaid with wort agar. After 4 days incubation at 30 ° C became the covering of the germ carrier optically determined with fungal cells (Table 3).

Table 3:

The addition of farnesol to the finishing agent led to an almost complete reduction in the An Trichophyton rubrum adheres to the textile fabric.

4. Washing attempts: contamination with Trichophyton mentagrophytes:

The washing tests were carried out in commercial household washing machines (rental W 918 Novotronic), which had previously been disinfected, in the easy-care program at 30 ° C. The fungal cells were applied to textile carriers (polyamide, 2.5 × 2.5 cm) (2 × 10 ⁵ cells / germ carrier) and washed with the detergent formulations together with 3.5 kg of disinfected filling laundry. As a comparison, washing was carried out with the same detergent without farnesol. After washing and drying in air, both the residual germ load and the germ transfer to other sterile textiles were determined.

The experiments were carried out with the detergents A (with the addition of farnesol) and B (reference).

Table 4: Liquid detergent with Farnesol

The liquid detergent turns 75 ml dosed; this corresponds to a farnesol concentration of 20 ppm in the wash liquor.

Table 5: Residual germ load

Table 6: Cross contamination

By adding Farnesol could the residual germ load (see Table 5) and cross-contamination other laundry items (table 6) can be significantly reduced.

5. Pre-portioned liquid detergent in polyvinyl alcohol film with farnesol

Table 7

The pre-portioned detergent will dosed with 50 ml, which corresponds to a farnesol concentration of 20 ppm in the wash liquor.

6. Powder detergent with farnesol

Table 8:

The detergent is dosed with 75 g, this corresponds to a farnesol concentration of 20 ppm in the wash liquor.

Farnesol can also be used as an ingredient of the perfume incorporated. It is then in concentrations of 0.1-80% in Perfume oil included and will about the perfume oil contained in the detergent formulation is added to the wash liquor.

7. Cream

8. Pearlescent hair shampoo

Claims (17)

Use of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or Diterpenes and their derivatives to reduce attachment of keratinophilic fungi on surfaces. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that that the monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their Derivatives selected are among geraniol, nerol, linalool, thujone, farnesol, farnesolic acid, α-Farnese, β-Farnese, nerolidol, Bisabolen, Sesquiphellandren, Zingiberen, Cadinen, Ary-Tumeron, Tumeron, Xanthorrhizole, Vulgar, β-Selinen and geranylgeraniol, especially among farnesol and farnesolic acid prefers farnesol. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the keratinophilic mushrooms are selected from all species of the genera Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Malassezia. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the keratinophilic fungi selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroides, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T. meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum, Epidermophyton flossocum, Malassezia furfur, M. sympodialis, M. globosa and M. pachydermatis. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the adherence of dermatophytes to surfaces is reduced becomes. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that the dermatophytes selected from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. asteroides, T. concentrium, T. equinum, T. meginii, T. gallinae, T. tonsurans, T. schoenleinii, T. terrestre, T. verrucosum, T. violaceum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum audounii, M. gypseum and Epidermophyton flossocum. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their derivatives in non-fungicidal or fungistatic final concentrations be used. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and / or diterpenes or their derivatives are used at 0.000001 to 3% by weight. Use according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized that the mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes for reduction the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to surfaces in Preparations are used which are selected from detergents, Cleaning agents, rinsing agents, textile treatment agents, Hand washing and dish washing detergents. Use according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to surfaces that in contact with the human and / or animal body, preferred the human body, come, is diminished. Use according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the adherence of keratinophilic fungi to textiles, ceramics, Metals and / or plastics is reduced. Use according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the adhesion of keratinophilic fungi to biotic, preferred human biotic surfaces, in particular skin and / or its appendages is reduced. Cosmetic preparation for reducing adherence of keratinophilic mushrooms, characterized in that it is mono-, Contains sesqui and / or diterpenes. Cosmetic preparation according to claim 13, characterized characterized that the preparation is selected from personal care products, in particular creams, lotions, shower, foam and / or foot baths, and Hair treatment products, in particular hair shampoos, hair lotions and Hair care products. Pharmaceutical preparation for treatment and / or Prevention of fungal infections by keratinophilic fungi, thereby characterized that the preparation mono-, sesqui- and / or diterpenes contains. Pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 15, characterized characterized that they are topical on skin and / or its appendages is applied. Use of mono-, sesqui and / or diterpenes for the manufacture of a pharmaceutical preparation for treatment and / or prophylaxis of fungal infections caused by keratinophilic fungi.