DE1021731B - Rubber-metal spring for cushioning vehicles, especially automobiles - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The invention relates to a rubber-metal spring for cushioning vehicles, in particular of motor vehicles.

Rubber-metal springs with non-linear spring characteristics are already known and have become in the Vehicle construction proven. It was assumed here that the arrangement of tension springs at an angle for the direction of the load to be absorbed, the restoring force in the direction of the load is no longer your path ratio is the same, but is linked to the size of the displacement path by an angle function is, even if the extension of the spring element itself is directly proportional to the load. According to this, even relatively small forces are sufficient to cause a rapidly increasing spring displacement to be achieved when the angle · between the spring axis and the direction of stress is great.

Now this knowledge has been realized in a single rubber spring by pulling and compression springs obliquely to the direction of the to be picked up Ordered load. The compression springs took compressive stresses until the extended position was reached on; thereafter the direction of force was reversed. The spring characteristics of the system were easy by training · change the starting angle.

It is also known to assemble a rubber-metal spring exclusively from compression springs. This spring was composed of a self-contained ring-shaped rubber body, which was vulkaiiized between an inner, longer and an outer, shorter metal sleeve. The compression springs only acted as spring zones and were arranged at different angles to the direction of loading, so they diaß one after the other could change their loading direction after passing the reversal point. The angles were less than 90 ° in the unloaded state. Due to the differently strongly inclined pressure elements one achieves one in a single rubber body with correspondingly differently inclined outer surfaces Desired characteristic curve, which is steep at first, then flat and then steep again. It has however, shown to be in the direction of the load facing away from the spring zone especially then form aging cracks when they are under static preload was already under tension.

The two outer surfaces of the rubber spring were also asked to be curved, but they were Axial movement of springs is limited by stops. Eventually the rubber was im The area of the inner sleeve is too stressed, so that the spring was destroyed prematurely. Finally, rubber-metal springs are used for cushioning of vehicles, in particular

of motor vehicles

Applicant:
Goetzewerke Friedrich Goetze

Corporation,
Burscheid (district of Cologne), Blumenstr. 6th

Dipl.-Ing. Max Adolf Müller, Cologne,
has been named as the inventor

membrane-like springs are also known in which the rubber is corrugated in cross section. Such However, springs only take up the load when the rubber is stretched, and only serve as additional springs.

The invention is based on the knowledge that the disadvantages of the known sleeve rubber springs can be avoided if almost no tensile stress occurs in the rubber with a static preload. According to the invention it is proposed that the outer surface of the spring zone facing away from the pressure is completely or partially concave in a manner known per se, the apex of the curvature ending at the end face of the inner metal part being closer to the inner metal part. This ensures that the spring zone facing away from the loading direction turns into a tensile zone only after the static preload has been exceeded. B. the axle pressure of an unloaded and not moving motor vehicle is to be understood. Furthermore, overstressing the rubber spring in the vicinity of the inner metal part is avoided, since the expansion angle between the inner sleeve and the surface of the second spring zone changes only slightly, thereby preventing harmful stresses. In order to avoid the harmful formation of folds in the rubber surface, the spring surface facing the direction of loading preferably ends in a groove near the outer ring. This advantageous effect will be ¹ further improved when the transition from the first spring zone to the inner metal ring is constantly curved convexly.

709846/311

Springs according to the invention withstand even greater long-term loads, such as extensive ones Experiments have proven.

In the drawing, the invention is based on an exemplary embodiment shown.

The rubber spring 3 is vulcanized in between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2. The direction of the load remote spring zone 4 is concave. Through the groove 5 and the convex Curvature 6 of the spring zone 7 facing the direction of load is the formation of folds in the rubber surface avoided.

Claims (3)

PATENT KITCHEN: 1. Rubber-to-metal fader for cushioning Vehicles, in particular motor vehicles, from one between an inner, longer and an outer, shorter cylindrical metal part vulcanized in rubber, the outer surfaces of which Form two spring zones which, in the unloaded state, are directed in the opposite direction to the load direction are and are subjected to tension after reaching their transition point, characterized in that that the outer surface of the second zone (4) wholly or partially in a manner known per se is concave, the apex of the on the end face of the inner metal cylinder (1) tapering curvature is closer to this part (1). 2. rubber-metal spring according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition of the first spring zone (7) in the outer metal ring (2) forms a groove (5). 3. rubber-metal spring according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the transition (at 6) from the first spring zone (7) to the inner metal cylinder (1) is constantly convex. Considered publications:
British Patent Nos. 442 845, 621 693;
U.S. Patent No. 2,387,066;
ATZ magazine, Volume 56, No. 10, October 1954, especially p. 273, Fig. 6 and 7. 1 sheet of drawings © T09 & W / 311 12:57