DE102022130595A1 - Support element and arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes with such a wall element - Google Patents

Abstract

A support element (3) for attachment to an electrical installation wall box (1) is described, which has fastening holes (6, 11 a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f) arranged at wall box-specific hole positions. The support element (3) has a plate-shaped base surface with a central opening (7) and an edge region (R) surrounding the central opening (7), wherein several groups of fastening holes (6, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f) are arranged in the edge region (R). A first group of fastening holes (11 a) has two opposing, part-circular fastening holes (11a), which extend over an angle of more than 90° on a left and right side of the edge region (R) and which lie on a first common circular path with a first radius. A second group of fastening openings (11b) has two opposing part-circular fastening openings (11b) which extend over an angle of less than 90° on an upper and lower side of the edge region (R) and which lie on a circular path with a second common radius.

Description

The invention relates to a support element for attachment to an electrical installation wall box, which has fastening holes arranged at wall box-specific hole positions, wherein the support element has a plate-shaped base surface with a central opening and an edge region surrounding the central opening, wherein several different groups of fastening holes are arranged in the edge region.

The invention further relates to an arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes which have fastening holes arranged in wall box-specific hole positions.

For electrical installations in buildings, particularly in residential buildings, the feed from the main and sub-distribution is carried out via installation boxes to the respective rooms. The installation forms are described in a standard-compliant manner in the VDE series 45. Electrical installation in residential buildings is explained in detail in the 10th edition, 2021 by VDE-Verlag. The current installation forms are presented in Chapter 17. The installation of junction boxes is described in general and briefly in point 17.2, with reference to the disadvantage that access is difficult after wallpapering the junction boxes closed with a lid. Installation with deep device junction boxes is explained in point 17.3. The wiring space available there is narrow and difficult to access. Therefore, special junction boxes in the flush-mounted and cavity wall area up to a diameter of 120 mm, as well as small junction boxes up to dimensions of 107 mm × 107 mm are available. Special junction boxes with equipotential bonding rails are available for wet room applications.

Large, clearly laid out connection spaces are fundamentally for safety reasons. They are repeatedly required by the VDE.

The dimensions and requirements of flush-mounted junction boxes are defined in DIN 49073 and DIN EN 60670-1. They are closed with a spring cover, among other things.

The electrical supply is usually via a junction box in a position above the switches next to a door in a room. A wiring level of around 30 cm below the ceiling is recommended for the junction box. In this level that runs around the room, several junction boxes are often installed, with the cables laid perpendicular to the switches, sockets, consumers or light sources, etc. Since the conductor connections are made in the sufficiently large junction boxes, the wiring is very clear. In the event of testing, faults or inspections, good accessibility of the junction box is very helpful for the electrician. The wiring level below the ceiling has the advantage that the electrical wiring is out of reach of laypeople.

Personal protection is very important in electrical systems. During installation, all functional elements, i.e. switches, sockets, lamps, etc., can be wired or connected first. Only then can the connections be made in the junction box, with the conductor connection terminals and their connected conductors still outside the junction box. This means that any wiring errors can be corrected quickly. After the visual and functional test of the electrical system, the conductor connection terminals and the conductors are carefully pressed into the junction box, the spring cover is inserted and the system is ready for operation.

The distribution box is usually closed with a plastic cover in order to accommodate the electrical installation in an electrically insulated room. After the wall has been wallpapered, the plastic cover is also wallpapered over. It may be visible as a small bulge. To access the interior of the distribution box, the wallpaper in that area must be removed and, if necessary, repaired again after closing. In the future, it will be possible to install the installation distribution area at eye level.

According to VDE publication series 45, chapter 14.3.4 “Connections with covers”, the covers of junction boxes are recommended to be removable only with a tool. This is stated in the EN 60670-1 (VDE 0606-1) is explained in more detail in section 12.1.

This raises the question of whether the spring covers with a shatter-proof spring comply with the standard. Universal VDE covers with screw openings are available for fastening with screws to the associated junction box. A suitable cover is required for each type of junction box, with at least one screw adapted to the fastening holes of the associated junction box.

The installation of functional elements such as switches, sockets and the like takes place in so-called device boxes, which have a smaller Diameter than the junction boxes. Device boxes with a diameter of 60 mm are common. The wiring of these functional elements can also be carried out without a distribution box with a cable led from a main or sub-distribution board directly to the device box. However, sufficient wiring space is required to route the cable to other functional elements. Due to a limited number of conductor connection terminals on the functional elements, additional conductor connection terminals are often required to create a distribution, which takes up space. Device junction boxes with a greater depth than standard device boxes are known for this, which provide additional distribution space in the floor area. However, the distribution is hidden by the built-in functional element, so that visual and functional testing of the electrical system is only possible to a limited extent.

The installer must first remove the functional inserts to access the connection terminals of the electrical distribution. Only then can checks and measurements be carried out on the connections.

However, professional electrical installation requires that the functional inserts or components are first wired and then the connections are made in the junction boxes. The entire room installation is then checked for functionality so that any wiring errors can be quickly corrected. After everything has been found to be correct by visual and functional testing, the terminal connections can be carefully pressed into the distribution boxes provided. This is not easy in the cramped, deep wiring space of device junction boxes. The wiring space is then closed with a plastic cover, which is entirely VDE-compliant according to VDE publication series 45.

When covering deep device junction boxes with functional inserts, which usually have a metal support ring and fastening claws, there is a risk of voltage being carried over, for example through voltage transfer to the support ring or through damage to electrical conductors by the metal fastening claws, so that electrical safety cannot be guaranteed without further ado. This situation is described in a very critical manner in the VDE publication series 45 in chapter 18.4 "Requirements for equipment".

When looking at a classic central installation distribution point with a feed-in, a forwarding, a switch function branch for a ceiling lamp, another switch function branch for a wall lamp and a supply line to surrounding sockets, it becomes understandable why the junction box according to DIN EN 60670-1 (VDE 060-1) was created with its dimensions. With its diameter of 70 mm and a depth of 56 mm, it can accommodate the five three-core cables (3 × 1.5 NYM) and one five-core cable (5 × 1.5 NYM) required for the installation distribution point described above and the individual conductors can be connected to one another with connecting terminals as required.

According to the new version of the RAL-RG 678 guideline "Electrical systems in residential buildings" of the German Institute for Quality Assurance and Labeling, this room installation is rated with the equipment value and the marking x. Since installations are becoming more and more extensive and complex, the equipment values up to 3 plus are defined with the marking xxx plus. The clarity and good accessibility of the wiring, if possible at eye level in the future, can therefore be very important.

These requirements can hardly be met in device junction boxes, even if functional inserts also fill the box space. Finally, the required connection terminals and their space requirements must also be taken into account. With wiring underneath the functional inserts, it is not possible to see from the outside where connections with terminals are located. The electrician must first go and look for them, as he cannot get any information from the outside about the installation process of the electrical system. To do this, the functional inserts must first be removed, which then have to be bent to the side outside the boxes while still connected in order to maintain their function and to easily access the connection terminals. In the case of junction boxes, on the other hand, there is sufficient space and direct accessibility. An installer can see immediately where connections are to be expected. The disadvantage is that junction boxes are closed with unsightly lids and wallpaper that has been pasted over may have to be removed to get to the interior, which then has to be re-glued and repaired later.

The challenge of a simple distribution in a device junction box becomes clearer when using a changeover dimmer as a functional insert with a cable leading to a socket. A 5 × 1.5 mm² NYM cable is required for the feed. With its different conductor colors, it is also suitable for switching connections. The simple forwarding to a socket is done with a 3 × 1.5 mm² NYM cable. Since the cables are fed from below to the side of the box, the individual wires must be led out upwards for stripping. The individual wires should be 65 mm long. Only then can reliable stripping be ensured with wire strippers. With eight wires required, as well as a bridge connection to the dimmer, some of which must be longer in order to be able to connect the dimmer with its screw connections at the top, more cable lengths are required. In this case, around 60 cm must be taken into account. In addition, there are the three connection terminals required. With such a distribution at the bottom, troubleshooting is complex. Added to this is the poor accessibility and the dangers with regard to personal protection when troubleshooting. It is clear that the everyday wiring of an installer is demanding and involves certain risks. Implementing the wiring described above at a central installation distribution point in the device junction boxes, including the required terminals, is a challenge, especially in terms of a VDE-compliant installation.

In the case of cavity-wall device junction boxes, this situation presents itself to the electrician in the same way.

DE 1 490 870 C discloses a cooker junction box with a supporting element that has a conductor connection terminal block with holes for receiving a bolt each. A cover can be attached to the free ends of the bolts. This can be done by screwing or by means of clamping elements that can be printed on.

DE 1 665 077 B2 shows an insert body for a junction box, in particular for a flush-mounted box, where a lid-like cover can be screwed to the insert body. The insert body is held in the junction box with expansion claws. This has the disadvantage that the insulating sheaths of the conductor expansion claws arranged in the junction box can be damaged during assembly. The expansion claws are also made of electrically conductive material, which can endanger the distribution in the junction box.

DE 635 578 A discloses a junction box for various types of electrical cable networks, in which opposing chambers of the junction boxes meet in the centre of the box and thus existing cables are directly accessible for the purpose of supply and switching via coverable openings attached to a cover.

DE 1 924 453 U shows a pot-shaped junction box made of insulating material for accommodating terminal inserts when installing electrical cables in the flush-mounted installation. Above the terminal inserts arranged on the base of the junction box, a fastening device for a known switch box made of insulating material is provided. The junction box casing encloses the terminal inserts and the switch box attached above them. This means that one or more junction boxes can be accommodated at any point where one or more switches or sockets are to be installed. The distribution space is located below the removable switch box.

DE 1 125 991 B discloses an electrical junction box with a projection centrally located on the bottom of the box with a threaded hole into which a pin arranged centrally on a cover can be inserted. This allows the junction box to be closed by the attachable cover, which is attached to the junction box. This central locking reduces the space in the junction box that can be used for distribution.

DE 43 12 665 A1 shows an electrical junction box in which a partition between the chambers of the junction box also forms an inner cover. The upper opening of the junction box can be closed with a cover that has holes that are adapted to the blind holes of the junction box so that the cover can be screwed onto the appropriate junction box.

WO 2017/063 620 A1 shows a cover for an opening in a wall, in particular for closing flush-mounted boxes, junction boxes, switch boxes, flush-mounted boxes, etc. The cover plate is held to the opening by magnetic force.

Based on this, it is the object of the present invention to provide an improved, versatile support element and an improved contemporary arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes.

The object is achieved by the support element with the features of claim 1 as well as by the arrangement with the features of claims 7 and 8. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.

For a generic support element, it is proposed that a first group of fastening openings has two opposing, part-circular fastening openings which extend over an angle of more than 90° on a left and a right side of the edge region R and which are arranged on a first common circle track with a first radius which is adapted to wall box-specific hole positions of a first type of electrical installation wall box such that, when the support element is placed on such an electrical installation wall box, fastening holes of this electrical installation wall box are accessible through the part-circular fastening openings of the first group of fastening openings.

Partially circular fastening openings that extend over an angle of more than 90° have the advantage that individual round electrical installation wall boxes that are not arranged in a group can assume any circular installation position in order to be easily screwed horizontally and vertically to the proposed support element.

The support element, which is adapted for fastening at least two different types of electrical installation wall boxes, offers the possibility of accommodating an electrical distribution in the different types of wall boxes by snapping on a cover cap. This electrical distribution is then easily accessible for the purpose of functional testing and repairs simply by removing the cover cap. The support element, preferably made of plastic, now has the fastening opening, but no electrically conductive parts protruding loosely into the interior of the wall, which could endanger the electrical distribution.

The covering of different types of wall boxes, for example installation boxes and distribution boxes of different diameters, can now be carried out by at least one standard support element, which can be screwed onto either the first or second type of wall box. Standard support elements are conceivable that have fastening openings designed for three or more different types of wall boxes in order to be screwed onto a first, second, third and possibly further type of wall box.

A cover element that can be snapped onto the supporting element is visible from the outside and is easily accessible. It is not necessary to wallpaper over a plastic cover, so that in the event of inspection or repair, the wallpaper does not need to be cut open and the wall paneling does not need to be repaired later. There is no need for visible spring covers or covers with unsightly, recognizable screws that are present for double or quadruple screwing to the wall box, depending on the application. The cover cap can be a design element of the room, especially for unclad walls, such as concrete walls or walls that have only been painted with wall paint.

A highlight can be a cover in the design of the switch range. The possibility of integrating the design of the switch range into the distribution box cover opens up completely new, harmonious living space design options for the installer.

With the help of the support element, it is possible to close a wall box that is used as a distribution box with only two parts, namely the support element and a cover plate that can be snapped onto the support element.

This enables a completely new type of electrical distribution in residential buildings.

By aligning the support elements horizontally and vertically, the cover can also be aligned accordingly. Boxes and crates can be installed incorrectly, which often happens. In this case, correction can be made using elongated holes on the support ring, i.e. the support element. The part-circular fastening openings can thus be used to compensate for tolerances in the alignment of the support element and a cover plate snapped onto it.

The part-circular fastening openings that extend beyond an angle of 90° are particularly advantageous for non-connected installation boxes, e.g. junction boxes including a wide variety of cavity wall boxes. The limited space on the frame of the support element is used optimally due to the structural design of one group with fastening openings over an angle of more than 90° and the other group with fastening openings over an angle of less than 90° when these two groups of fastening openings are arranged at an angle of 90° to each other on the edge area of the support element.

Thus, the axes of symmetry of the first group of fastening openings of the support element can be arranged at an angle of 90° to the axis of symmetry of the second group of fastening openings. This means that, for example, the support element can be mounted on a first type of wall box with the first orientation and on the second type of wall box with an orientation rotated by 90°. The limited space on the frame of the support element is distributed in this way for the two groups of fastening openings by arranging these two groups of fastening openings at an angle of 90° to each other on the edge area of the support element.

The central opening of the support element can have a peripheral contour of the front edges of the central openings, which are designed for the positive locking of a cover element with at least one locking tab. The at least one locking tab extends away from a cover plate of the cover element and, when the cover element is plugged in, borders on an associated front edge of the support element, so that a locking lug on the locking tab forms a locking stop on the edge area of the support element. Preferably, at least two locking tabs are provided that are opposite one another, the locking lugs of which are aligned facing away from one another in order to releasably lock a cover element onto the support element by locking them on both sides, opposite one another. Several such pairs of locking tabs are also conceivable.

The cover can be connected to the support element using retaining elements that can only be removed with a tool. However, other connecting elements between the cover element and the support element are also conceivable, which can also be removed with a tool, but possibly also without tools, such as press fits or pressure connections.

The central opening can have a symmetrical peripheral contour. The central opening can, for example, have a peripheral contour that is at least triangular. A square central opening, an octagonal central opening or a round opening is advantageous. In the case of a central opening with an octagonal peripheral contour, a cover plate can be snapped onto the support element horizontally or vertically for horizontal or vertical alignment.

A third group of diagonal fastening openings, which extend over an angle of approximately 10° (e.g. 10° ± 5°), can be arranged in the edge area to accommodate fastening screws. The fastening openings can be arranged with a hole spacing on the edge area of the support element so that when placed on a third type of electrical installation wall box, they are aligned with the fastening holes of these electrical installation wall boxes. This means that the fastening holes of a larger rectangular installation box, for example, are accessible via the fastening openings. The support element can thus be mounted on three different types of electrical installation wall boxes by making use of the limited edge area of the support element. The central opening of the support element is optimally surrounded in the surrounding edge area by three different types of fastening openings, each of which is designed to match an associated first, second or third type of electrical installation wall box, and all of this in the known dimensions of the support rings, support plates or support disks with their 60 mm hole spacing.

Another support element with several groups can, e.g. for screwing onto larger junction boxes, have a fourth group of fastening openings that extend over an angle of more than 90° at the corner areas of the edge area of the support element on a common circular path. The hole spacing between two adjacent fastening openings in a group is designed around the circular path in such a way that when the support element is plugged onto a fourth type of electrical installation wall box, the fastening holes of this fourth type of electrical installation wall box are accessible through the fastening holes of the fourth group. This means that here too, when plugged in, the fastening openings are aligned with the fastening holes underneath of the associated electrical installation wall box.

A fifth and sixth group of fastening openings, which are assigned diagonally to the fourth group, can be positioned at an angle of less than 30° at the corner areas of the support element, but on different circular paths from each other. When plugged into a fifth and sixth type of square distribution box, these are aligned with fastening holes in these electrical installation wall boxes.

The arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes, which have fastening holes arranged in specific hole positions in the wall boxes, enables a simple, reliable and, in the event of maintenance, easily accessible covering of wall boxes in order to access the electrical installation distribution behind them. For this purpose, the arrangement has at least one support element as described above for screwing onto an associated electrical installation wall box and at least one cover element which has at least one locking tab extending away from the cover plate with a locking lug protruding from the plane of the locking tab. The cover element can then be placed on an associated support element of the arrangement in such a way that the at least one locking tab protrudes into the central opening of the support element and locks into the at least one locking lug of the at least one locking tab on the support plate.

A locking tab is only required on one side. On the opposite side, a locking tab can be used to form a positive connection with the support plate. element. For example, an L-shaped profile in cross-section can protrude from one side of the cover plate and a locking tab can protrude from the same underside of the cover plate on the opposite side.

It is also conceivable that at least two opposing pairs of locking tabs protrude from the cover plate, the locking lugs of which are aligned away from each other. The locking tabs can also be arranged on a circular path and be curved.

An additional frame element can optionally be arranged between the support element and the cover plate. This represents a three-part structure consisting of a support element, cover plate and frame element. If necessary, several of these three different types of parts can also be used. In this way, if there are several wall boxes arranged next to each other, one of the wall boxes can be used as a distribution box and covered with the cover plate. The at least one other wall box, on the other hand, can be used as an installation box by connecting the electrical conductors protruding into the space of this wall box to a functional element, for example a switch, a socket, a dimmer and the like, with the functional element being covered with an operating panel. The operating panel can be, for example, a rocker switch, a dimmer handle, a socket cover and the like. This makes it possible to implement electrical distribution in the room in which functional elements are also arranged, with a separate wall box being provided for the distribution, which is covered by the cover plate.

The locking can be ensured with two support elements or with one double support element.

The arrangement can be designed to cover several electrical installation wall boxes arranged next to one another in a row, e.g. an integral double device box or single device boxes plugged together or even hollow wall boxes that are positioned in a row, in that a first cover element has a cover plate with at least one locking tab extending away from the cover plate with a locking lug protruding from the plane of the locking tab. The first cover element is designed to lock with a first support element that can be screwed to one of the electrical installation wall boxes. The cover plate can have a length that covers several electrical installation wall boxes arranged next to one another. For example, the distance of 71 mm fits the frame or cover distance. The cover plate can have an opening in the area of one of the cover positions for an electrical installation wall box to accommodate a sub-cover element. It can be designed to latch onto an associated second support element, which can be screwed to the underlying further electrical installation wall box of the several electrical installation wall boxes arranged next to one another.

In this way, several wall boxes can be closed with a common cover element.

The cover elements or sub-cover elements can have a marking of the electrical installation distribution behind them. This allows the electrician to quickly and easily determine which functions the distribution behind them has.

A special cover for electronic boxes can be provided with a label indicating the electronics inside. Lettering such as "Elektronik" or "Electronic" can always be aligned horizontally or vertically so that it is legible by installing the cover in the appropriate position.

This shows the advantage of a so-called multiple cover, in particular a double cover, with only one assigned locking area for a supporting element.

The examples presented at the beginning of the state of the art show how helpful additional installation instructions can be in the event of a fault. It is not uncommon for six or more cables to be fed into the functionally wired junction box from all directions. A feed direction indication can now show the electrician from which direction he can expect the supply to come. This enables him to quickly and precisely locate and isolate the fault.

In modern and contemporary installations, a sensible separation of lamp and socket circuits can be planned, so that two junction boxes would have to be closed with a screwed lid in accordance with VDE. These lids are visible or invisible under the wallpaper. With the solution according to the invention, the electrician now has the option of using a cover with feed direction information and additional information on the various circuits. All of this is made possible by a snap-on cover that can be easily removed from the support element using tools and does not require the visible screws that are usually required, which always go into the wall box-specific holes. Hole positions have to be screwed in both directions. In addition to the other advantages, this has a great rationalization effect.

In one of the previously described embodiments of the arrangement, the cover of an electrical installation wall box can consist of only two parts, the first part being the support element that can be placed on the electrical installation wall box and screwed to the electrical installation wall box and the second part being the cover element that can be placed on the support element and latched to the support element at the edge area.

Unlike the conventional three-part arrangements, only two parts are required here, with the support element being multifunctional for the use of at least two different types of wall boxes. With several electrical installation wall boxes arranged next to each other in a row, the savings potential is enormous by using just one so-called multiple cover element, e.g. 4-way cover element, and only one external right and left (or upper and lower in the case of a vertical arrangement) support element. This installation task is solved with two support elements and one cover element.

To implement this with a three-part arrangement, you need, for example, a 4-fold frame, four support elements, also called support rings, and four cover plates. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the manufacturing and storage costs.

In addition, three-part arrangements are also advantageous, which, in addition to the previous attachment to electrical installation wall boxes with a screw spacing of 60 mm, are also designed for attachment to wall boxes with other screw spacings.

• 1 - Seiten-Schnittansicht einer Elektroinstallations-Wanddose mit darauf aufsetzbarem und verschraubbarem Tragelement und aufrastbarem Abdeckelement in der Vormontageposition a) und Endmontageposition b);
• 2 - Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform eines Tragelementes mit drei unterschiedlichen Arten von Befestigungsöffnungen;
• 3 - Draufsicht auf die erste Ausführungsform des Tragelementes mit abgenommenen Rand sowie Anordnung nebeneinander auf einer Doppel-Elektroinstallations-Wanddose;
• 4a)-b) - Skizze einer Draufsicht 4a auf eine Elektroinstallations-Verbindungs-Wanddose; und optional unter 4b mit einer weiteren Befestigungsbohrungsanordnung nach 2b;
• 5 - Skizze einer Draufsicht auf eine Verteilerdoses sowie mit aufgesetztem Tragelement;
• 6 - Draufsicht auf weitere Ausführungsformen eines Tragelementes mit drei bzw. vier unterschiedlichen Arten von Befestigungsöffnungen für größere Elektroinstallations-Wanddosen und Kästen;
• 7 - Draufsicht auf einen kleinen Verbindungskasten sowie mit aufgesetztem Tragelement aus 6;
• 8 - Draufsicht auf einen größeren Verbindungskasten sowie mit aufgesetztem Tragelement aus 6;
• 9 - Draufsicht auf eine runde Verbindungsdose sowie mit aufgesetztem Tragelement aus 6;
• 10 - Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Tragelements ohne Befestigungsöffnungen 11b mit Schraubabstand B 60 mm und ohne Sicherungsbohrungen 12 nach 3;
• 11 - Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Tragelementes mit teilkreisförmigen Befestigungsöffnungen für Wanddosen mit 128 mm Schraubabstand;
• 12 - Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Tragelementes mit teilkreisförmigen Befestigungsöffnungen für Wanddosen mit 112 mm Schraubabstand;
• 13 - Draufsicht auf ein Tragelement nach Abbildung a) und ein Doppeltragelement nach Abbildung b) mit teilkreisförmigen Befestigungsöffnungen für Wanddosen mit 60 mm Schraubabstand und Doppelwanddosen mit einem Normabstandsmaß von 71 mm;
• 14 - Draufsicht auf eine Doppel-Verbindungsdose sowie mit zwei Tragelementen und aufgesetztem Zustand der Tragelemente;
• 15 - Draufsicht auf ein Tragelement mit teilkreisförmigen Befestigungsöffnungen für Wanddosen mit 67 mm Schraubabstand;
• 16 - Draufsicht auf ein Tragelement mit teilkreisförmigen Befestigungsöffnungen für Wanddosen mit 82 mm Schraubabstand;
• 17a)-c) - Seitenansicht von Tragelementen und Abdeckplatte zur Abdeckung von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Wanddosen;
• 18a)-d) - Seitenansicht von Tragelementen und Abdeckplatte zur Abdeckung von zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Wanddosen und zusätzlichem Unterabdeckelement;
• 19a)-c) - Seitenansicht von Tragelementen und Abdeckplatte bzw. Abdeckplatte mit Unterabdeckelement zur Abdeckung mehrerer Wanddosen gleichzeitig;
• 20a)-e) - Beispielhafte unterschiedliche Kennzeichnungen auf der Abdeckplatte;
• 21 a)-d) - Vier unterschiedliche Ausrichtungen der Kennzeichnung bei Drehung bei üblicherweise 90° verdrehter Ausrichtung der Abdeckplatte;
• 22a)-d) - Vier unterschiedliche Kombinationen von Abdeckplatte mit Unterabdeckelement mit variierenden Kennzeichnungen;
• 23 - Seiten-Schnittansicht einer Elektronik-Gerätedose mit Doppelabdeckung des durch eine Wand verdeckten Elektronik-Funktionsbereiches;
• 24 - Seiten-Schnittansicht einer weiteren Elektronik-Gerätedose mit Doppelabdeckung;
• 25 - Draufsicht auf die Doppelabdeckung mit Elektronik-Beschriftung;
• 26 - Doppel-Tragelement mit rechteckigem Ausschnitt;
• 27 - Skizze einer Einbausituation eines Dimmers mit Tragring und Abdeckplatte mit 1-fach Rahmen;
• 28 - Skizze einer Einbausituation eines Schaltereinsatzes in Verbindung mit einer speziellen Doppelabdeckung für Elektronik-Wanddosen.
• 29 - Skizze einer Elektroinstallation in einem Raum mit oberer Verteilerebene;
• 30 - Skizze einer Elektroinstallation in einem Raum mit horizontaler Unterflurinstallation;
• 31 - Skizze einer Elektroinstallation in einem Raum mit Hohlwandinstallation;
• 32 - Skizze einer Elektroinstallation in einem Raum mit Leitungszuführung aus dem Kellerbereich;
• 33 - Skizze einer Elektroinstallation in einem Raum mit Installation im Funktionsbereich.

The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with the accompanying drawings. They show:

• 1 - Side sectional view of an electrical installation wall box with a support element that can be placed on it and screwed on and a cover element that can be snapped on in the pre-assembly position a) and final assembly position b);
• 2 - Top view of a first embodiment of a support element with three different types of fastening openings;
• 3 - Top view of the first embodiment of the support element with the edge removed and arranged side by side on a double electrical installation wall box;
• 4a) -b) - Sketch of a plan view 4a of an electrical installation connection wall box; and optionally under 4b with a further fastening hole arrangement according to 2b;
• 5 - Sketch of a top view of a distribution box and with the support element attached;
• 6 - Top view of further embodiments of a support element with three or four different types of fastening openings for larger electrical installation wall boxes and boxes;
• 7 - Top view of a small connection box and with attached support element made of 6 ;
• 8th - Top view of a larger connection box and with attached support element made of 6 ;
• 9 - Top view of a round junction box and with attached support element made of 6 ;
• 10 - Top view of another embodiment of a support element without fastening openings 11b with screw spacing B 60 mm and without securing holes 12 according to 3 ;
• 11 - Top view of another embodiment of a support element with part-circular fastening openings for wall boxes with 128 mm screw spacing;
• 12 - Top view of another embodiment of a support element with part-circular fastening openings for wall boxes with 112 mm screw spacing;
• 13 - Top view of a support element according to figure a) and a double support element according to figure b) with part-circular fastening openings for wall boxes with 60 mm screw spacing and double wall boxes with a standard spacing of 71 mm;
• 14 - Top view of a double junction box with two support elements and the support elements in place;
• 15 - Top view of a support element with part-circular fastening openings for wall boxes with 67 mm screw spacing;
• 16 - Top view of a support element with part-circular fastening openings for wall boxes with 82 mm screw spacing;
• 17a) -c) - Side view of supporting elements and cover plate for covering two wall boxes arranged next to each other;
• 18a) -d) - Side view of supporting elements and cover plate for covering two wall boxes arranged next to each other and additional sub-cover element;
• 19a) -c) - Side view of supporting elements and cover plate or cover plate with sub-cover element for covering several wall boxes at the same time;
• 20a) -e) - Examples of different markings on the cover plate;
• 21 a) -d) - Four different orientations of the marking when rotated with the cover plate usually rotated by 90°;
• 22a) -d) - Four different combinations of cover plate with sub-cover element with varying markings;
• 23 - Side sectional view of an electronic device box with double cover of the electronic functional area concealed by a wall;
• 24 - Side sectional view of another electronic device box with double cover;
• 25 - Top view of the double cover with electronics labeling;
• 26 - Double support element with rectangular cutout;
• 27 - Sketch of an installation situation of a dimmer with support ring and cover plate with single frame;
• 28 - Sketch of an installation situation of a switch insert in conjunction with a special double cover for electronic wall boxes.
• 29 - Sketch of an electrical installation in a room with an upper distribution level;
• 30 - Sketch of an electrical installation in a room with horizontal underfloor installation;
• 31 - Sketch of an electrical installation in a room with cavity wall installation;
• 32 - Sketch of an electrical installation in a room with cable feed from the basement area;
• 33 - Sketch of an electrical installation in a room with installation in the functional area.

1 shows a side sectional view of an arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes 1. These can be, for example, installation boxes for accommodating functional elements such as switches, dimmers, sockets, etc., or distribution boxes for an electrical installation distribution. A standard cylindrical junction box for installation in a wall is shown. The wall box 1 can have several fastening holes 2 distributed around a circumference. These can, for example, be arranged on a common circular path at an angle of 90° to the successive fastening holes 2.

Figure a) shows the side sectional view of an electrical installation wall box 1 with a support element 3 that can be placed on it and screwed on, and a cover element 4 (cover plate) that can be snapped onto the support element 3. The support element can be attached to the wall box 1 with fastening screws 5. The fastening screws 5 are guided through fastening openings 6 that are provided on the frame of the support element 3.

Figure b) shows the arrangement in the final assembly position. It can be seen that the support element 3 is placed on the opening edge of the wall box 1 and is screwed to the wall box 1 using the fastening screws 5. To do this, a fastening screw 5 is screwed into a fastening hole 2 of the wall box 1. For this purpose, fastening openings 6 are provided in an edge area of the support element 5, into which the fastening screws 5 are inserted.

The support element 3 has a central opening 7 through which the interior of the wall box 1 is accessible.

When the support element 3 is placed on top, the fastening holes 2 are accessible through the fastening openings 6 of the support element 3, so that the fastening openings 6 are each aligned with an associated fastening hole 2 and a fastening screw 5 can be screwed into the fastening hole 2.

It can be seen that the arrangement also has a cover element 4 in the form of a cover plate. At least one locking tab 9 protrudes from the cover plate 8.

In the embodiment shown, two opposing locking tabs 9 can be seen in section, each of which has a locking lug 10 at its free end. The locking lugs 10 of a pair of locking tabs 9 arranged at a distance from one another are aligned facing away from one another. The locking tabs 9 are aligned at a distance corresponding to the opening distance of the central opening 7 of the support element 5 so that the locking lugs 10, when the cover element 4 is placed on the support element 3, cover the edge area of the support element 5. gelementes 3 adjacent to the front edge of the central opening 7. The edge region of the support element 3 thus forms a stop for the locking lugs 10, so that the cover element 4 is locked to a support element 3.

Alternatively, a positive connection can also be formed on one side by, for example, an angle-shaped profile which engages under the edge region of the support element 3 in the attached state, with the spring-elastic locking tab 9 on the opposite side causing a releasable locking.

The positive connection between the cover element 4 and the support element 3 can be removed by pushing a thin plate-shaped tool between the upper edge of the wall box 1 and the underside of the cover element 4 and moving the spring-elastic locking tab 9 towards the center. The plate-shaped tool creates a lever effect to unlock the cover element 4.

In a variant not shown, an additional optional frame element can be present, which is placed on the wall box 1 with the support element 3 screwed onto it. The cover element 4 can also have a frame section integrally (in one piece) with it.

2 shows a first embodiment of the support element 3, in which three groups of fastening openings 11 a, 11 b, 11 c are present in the edge region R. This represents a basic embodiment or a basic support element.

A first group of fastening openings 11a is formed from two opposing part-circular opening paths which extend over an angle of more than 90° on a left and a right side of the edge region R. These are also arranged between a front edge adjacent to the central opening 7 and the outer edge of the plate-shaped support element 3. The outer edge of the edge region R can be curved outwards following the part circle.

A second group of fastening openings 11b is formed from two opposing part-circular opening tracks which extend over an angle of less than 90° on an upper and a lower side of the edge region R. These are arranged between a front edge adjacent to the central opening 7 and the outer edge of the plate-shaped support element 3.

The ends of the partially circular fastening openings 11a, 11b can each have a circular hole with a diameter that is larger than the opening width of the track of the fastening opening 11a, 11b. This allows a fastening screw 5, which is already partially screwed into a fastening hole 2 of the wall box 1, to be pushed with its head through the circular hole. The support element 3 is brought into the desired orientation by turning and the fastening screws 5 are tightened in order to screw the support element 3 firmly onto the wall box 1.

The diameter of the circular path on which the first group of fastening openings 11a is located corresponds to a diameter A or a radius equal to A/2, which is adapted to the wall box-specific hole positions of a first type of electrical installation wall box 1. For example, the diameter A can be the hole spacing of 67 mm of the opposing fastening holes 2 of a standard distribution box.

A second group of fastening openings 11b can be seen, which lie on a common circular path with a second common radius B/2 or diameter B. These fastening openings 11b, which are also partially circular for improved alignment, lie on a circular path B, for example with a diameter of 60 mm of a conventional standard device box. This second group of fastening openings 11b is arranged in the corner areas of the edge area R of the support element 3. The diameter B thus corresponds to the hole spacing of the fastening holes 2 of the second type of wall box 1.

A third group of fastening openings 11c can be arranged at the four corners of the support element 3. These fastening openings 11c can extend diagonally and be designed as relatively short elongated holes.

This third type of fastening openings 11c is also partially circular with an angle of approximately 5° to 10°. This third group of fastening openings 11c comprises four elongated holes arranged at 90° to one another in the corner areas of the edge area R of the support element 3. They take up a diagonal position in the support element.

The hole spacing of these fastening openings 11c corresponds to the diameter C of a third type of wall boxes 1. The diameter C of the common circular path of the third group of fastening openings 11c can be, for example, 82 mm and thus correspond to the hole spacing one of these fastening holes 2 of a third type of electrical installation wall boxes 1.

Furthermore, securing holes 12 can be arranged in otherwise unused areas in order to screw the fastening screws 5 into them in the not yet assembled delivery state and to secure them there to the support element. In this way, the associated fastening screws 5 are held on the support element 3 and protected against loss. In the illustrated embodiment, the securing holes 12 are arranged at a hole spacing H of 55 mm.

It can be seen that the group of securing openings 12 is arranged in the form of holes in the inner area of the edge area R. For example, there are four securing openings 12, each offset by 90° from one another, with a hole spacing H of, for example, 56 mm. These securing holes 12 can be used to park fastening screws 5 in the delivery state before installation on a wall box 1. Optionally, it is conceivable that the hole spacing of the securing holes is adapted to the hole spacing of the fastening holes 2 of a fourth type of wall box 1 and corresponds to this, so that the support element 3 can also be screwed to it.

The support element 3 can have a rectangular or square shape with an external length I1 and I2, which can be in the range of 70 to 71 mm, for example. In order to ensure a sufficiently wide boundary in the edge region R on the outer circumference for the first type of fastening openings 11 a, a part-circular edge contour protruding outwards with a larger distance I3 of 76 mm, for example, can be present.

In the illustrated embodiment, the support element is rectangular with the external dimensions I1 × I3. The external dimensions I1 and I2 can be equal to form a square.

The largest external distance K of the support element 3 is determined by the corners that are opposite each other, for example. It can be 94 mm, for example. The support element 3 is based on the known dimensions of the support rings of the switch manufacturers.

The central opening 7 can be circular, as indicated by the dotted line. However, it can also be polygonal as shown, for example square or preferably octagonal. This octagonal design allows the cover cap 4 to be snapped on not only in a horizontal or vertical orientation, but also diagonally. A polygonal design ensures a contour that is adapted to the circular path of the first group of fastening openings 11a, while still ensuring a sufficiently large edge area R to accommodate the fastening openings 11a, 11b, 11c.

The internal distance J between the opposing front edges of the central opening 7 or the diameter of the opening 7 can be, for example, 46 mm and thus slightly smaller than the internal diameter of conventional installation boxes. However, this still ensures a sufficiently large opening for the access of cables of an electrical distribution installation.

The edge region R can, as shown, be curved at the first group of fastening openings 11a and protrude beyond the rectangular cross-section. The lateral maximum external dimension I3 is thus larger than the rectangular dimension I2. The distance between the opposite bevelled outer edges of the support element 3 forms the largest external dimension K of, for example, 94 mm.

3 a) shows a top view of the support element 3 from 2 a) , in which the fastening opening 11a has been removed on the right-hand side of the edge area R. This can be done by the installer using a side cutter if necessary.

In the 3 b) it can be seen that two such support elements 3 can now be placed next to each other on a wall box 1 while maintaining the standard distance of 71 mm. On the side of the separated web, at least this internal fastening opening 11 a is not required for this installation. The detachable web, which limits the fastening opening 11 a, thus makes it possible to create space for the arrangement of support elements directly next to each other.

4 shows a plan view of a standard junction box 4a, i.e. an electrical installation wall box 1 with fastening holes 2a at a hole spacing A of, for example, 67 mm.

The inner diameter D of the cylindrical wall box 1 can, for example, be 70 mm.

This wall box 1 is now further designed in that a second pair of fastening holes 2b is provided, which have a smaller hole spacing B, for example of 60 mm. This extension provides an additional screw connection option, whereby the support elements 3 can be additionally adapted to this hole position by means of an additional group of fastening openings 11b.

5 a) shows a square connection box 1, for example with a width of 86.5 mm, which has fastening holes 2a at the four corners, which can have a diagonal hole spacing of 101 mm, for example. As an extension alternative, four further fastening holes 2b are also arranged at the four corners with a smaller diagonal hole spacing, which can be 82 mm, for example. These fastening holes 2b of the second group are each arranged next to an associated fastening hole 2a of the first group, offset radially inwards.

Out of 5 b) It can be seen that in this way the 2 a) It is possible to attach a support element 3 to the connection box 1 shown, so that the fastening openings 11c of the third type are aligned with a corresponding fastening hole 2b of the second group. The support element 3 can thus be screwed to the connection box 1 at the fastening holes 2b using screws 5 that can be inserted into the fastening openings 11c.

6 shows a second embodiment of a support element 3, in which in the edge region R in the embodiment according to 6 a) two groups 11 d, 11e with additional securing holes 12 and in the embodiment according to 6 b) three groups of fastening openings 11d, 11e, 11f are present. These support elements 3 are particularly suitable for larger boxes and crates.

A first group of fastening openings 11d of a fourth type is arranged in a part-circular path of slightly more than 90° and significantly less than 180°, i.e. preferably about 90 to 120°, on the edge region R. Two part-circular fastening openings 11d of the fourth type are offset at an angle of 180° and are mirror images of each other. The diameter L of the common circular path of the first group of fastening openings 11d is adapted to a first type of wall box 1 and corresponds to the hole spacing of the fastening holes 2 of the first type of wall box. This can be a circle diameter and hole spacing L of 112 mm.

It is clear that there is a second group of part-circular fastening openings 11e of a fifth type, which extend on a second common circular path. This second group of fastening openings 11e consists of four part-circular opening paths, each offset by 90°, which extend over an angle of approximately 40 to 80°, and preferably approximately 30 to 60°. They are each arranged in the square areas. This circle diameter M is adapted to the hole diameter of fastening holes of a second type of distribution box. This diameter M can be 128 to 129 mm, for example, so that this support element can be used for junction boxes with a diameter of 120 mm and for square junction boxes of 100 × 100 mm for flush-mounted and cavity areas.

The opening dimension J of the central opening 7 can, for example, be a diameter of 76 mm, which is slightly smaller than the opening diameter of junction boxes.

In addition, securing holes 12 can be arranged diagonally opposite one another in the corner areas in order to screw the fastening screws 5 into them in the not yet assembled delivery state and to hold them there. In this way, the associated fastening screws 5 are held on the support element 3 and protected against loss.

At a diagonally opposite position, instead of the 6 a) In addition to the securing holes 12 shown, a third group of diagonally opposite fastening openings 11f of a sixth type can be arranged in the edge region 6 of the support element in otherwise unused areas. This means that there are three different groups of fastening openings 11 d, 11 e, 11f of a fourth, fifth and sixth type, which, due to different radii and hole spacing, enable fastening to wall boxes of different sizes, including junction boxes.

This embodiment of the support element 3 is adapted for the larger connection wall boxes 1. The side lengths I4 of the rectangular support element 3, i.e. the square support plate, can be 124 mm, for example, in order to completely cover connection boxes in this way. The corners can be bevelled, for example with the distance between the tapering ends being 10 mm.

This variant may also have locking holes 12 for parking the fastening screws 5.

7 a) shows a small square connection box 1, which can have a standard width of 86.5 mm, for example. On the four There are mounting holes 2a in each corner. These have a diagonal hole spacing, which can be 101 mm, for example.

7 b) shows the connection box 1 with attached support element 3 of the 6 shown type. It is clear that the group of the sixth type, formed from two diagonally opposite fastening openings 11f, at the top right and bottom left, are aligned with the fastening holes 2a located underneath when in place. This allows the support element 3 to be screwed to the connection box 1 at the two corners.

8 a) shows a large square junction box 1, which can have a standard width of 104 mm, for example. There are mounting holes 2a at each of the four corners. These have a diagonal hole spacing that can be 128-129 mm, for example.

8 b) shows the connection box 1 with attached support element 3 of the 6 shown type. It is clear that the group of the fifth type, formed from four pairs of diagonally opposite fastening openings 11e, is aligned at the four corners with the fastening holes 2a located underneath when in place. The support element 3 can thus be screwed to the connection box 1 at the four corners.

9 a) shows a large round junction box 1, which can have a standard outer diameter of 120 mm, for example. There are two diagonally opposite fastening holes 2a on the inner wall of the junction box 1. In this and all other embodiments, the fastening holes 2a, 2b open out towards the upper opening of the wall box 1. These have a diagonal hole spacing, which can be 112 mm, for example, and corresponds to twice the radius of the group of fastening holes 11d of the fourth type.

9 b) shows the junction box 1 with attached support element 3 of the 6 shown type. It is clear that the group of the fourth type formed by the two diagonally opposite fastening openings 11d are aligned with the fastening holes 2a located underneath when in place. The support element 3 can thus be screwed to the junction box 1.

10 shows a support element 3 in which a first group of part-circular fastening openings 11a of the first type with the distance A of, for example, 67 mm are combined with a second group of fastening openings 11c of the third type with the hole spacing C of, for example, 82 mm. The two fastening openings 11a of the first group, which are opposite one another, each extend over an angle of more than 90°. The four fastening openings 11c of the second group are arranged in the corner areas of the support element 3 and are designed as elongated holes.

11 shows a support element 3 in which a group of the fifth type formed from four partially circular fastening openings 11 e are arranged on a common circumference, each offset by 90° from one another. These fastening openings 11 e of the fifth type are placed in the corner areas. Locking holes 12 for the fastening screws 5 can be provided adjacent to two of these fastening openings 11 e.

The distance or the circular diameter of the partially circular fastening openings 11e of the fifth type can be, for example, 128 to 129 mm and can thus be adapted to junction boxes.

12 shows a support element 3 in which there is a group formed by two part-circular fastening openings 11d, each of which extends over a circumference of slightly more than 90°, preferably 100 to 120°. are arranged offset from one another on a common circumference.

The distance or the circle diameter of the partially circular fastening openings 11d can be, for example, 112 mm and can therefore also be adapted to commercially available junction boxes.

The securing holes 12 for the fastening screws 5 can be present on the circumference of the group of fastening openings 11d as shown. This can also be implemented in the same way in the other embodiments.

13 a) shows a support element 3 in which a pair of part-circular fastening openings 11b of the second type are arranged opposite one another on the edge region R of the support element. These fastening openings each extend over a circumference of less than 90° and can have a distance dimension (diameter) A of, for example, 60 mm.

13 b) shows that this is a double support element 3' with a standard grid dimension of 71 mm. This means that the support elements 3 can be placed on a multiple wall box 1 or on several wall boxes 1 arranged next to each other in a row and screwed to it.

This is in 14 This can be seen using an example of an oval double junction box 1. This has pairs of fastening holes 2a arranged opposite one another with a hole spacing of A, e.g. 60 mm. The fastening holes 11b of the second type of support elements 3 are thus aligned with an associated fastening hole 2a of the junction box 1 when in place, so that the support elements 3 can be connected to the junction box using screws 5 screwed into the fastening holes 2a.

15 shows a support element 3 with a group of part-circular fastening openings 11 a of the first type, each of which extends over a circumference of more than 90° and less than 120° on a common circular path. This support element 3 is adapted to a first type of wall box 1 with a diameter B of 67 mm, for example.

It can be seen that the securing holes 12 in the embodiment are arranged at an angle of 90° to each other on a common circular path.

16 shows a support element 3 with a group of part-circular fastening openings 11c of the third type in the form of elongated holes, which are arranged on a common circular path at the corner areas of the support element 3. This support element 3 is adapted to a third type of wall box 1 with a diameter C of 82 mm, for example.

Again, the securing holes 12 in this embodiment are arranged at an angle of 90° to each other on a common circular path.

It can be seen in the exemplary embodiments shown that, for example, the first and second types of part-circular fastening openings 11a, 11b can be widened at their ends. They can have a hole with a larger diameter than the slot width of the tracks of the fastening openings 11a, 11b in order to accommodate the head of a fastening screw 5. The support element 3 can thus be placed on a fastening screw 5 pre-mounted on the wall box 1 in such a way that the head is pushed through the widened hole at the end. By turning, a positive connection is then formed between the narrower fastening track and the head of the fastening screw 5. The widening at its ends makes it easier to handle the support element 3 in everyday installation, especially in tight arrangements. This also applies in principle to all other support elements 3 described, regardless of any special further design details of the support elements 3.

This allows the support element 3 to be firmly screwed onto the wall box 1 after alignment by screwing the fastening screw 5 into a fastening hole 2 of the wall box 1.

17 a) to c) show an exemplary embodiment of an arrangement of support elements 3a, 3b and multiple cover plate 14a for, for example, two adjacent electrical installation wall boxes 1 or a so-called double device or double device junction box.

18 a) shows a side view of a variant of a frame-shaped multiple cover element 14 with a frame area on the right-hand side in the picture. A lower cover plate 4' is inserted into this frame in the right-hand area. It is clear that the locking tabs 9 of the cover elements 14 protrude from the lower level of the partially frame-shaped cover element 14 in the same way as the locking tabs 9 of the lower cover plate 4'.

18 b) shows that the cover element 14 can interact with two different types of support elements 3. Separate individual support elements 3 can each be screwed onto a wall box 1 under a cover area. However, it is also conceivable that a multiple frame element 3 spanning several wall boxes is used, in which the individual support elements 3 described above are connected to one another to form a one-piece support element 3.

18c) omits a side sectional view of the cover element 14 with inserted lower cover plate 4 18 a) It is clear that the single cover element, ie the lower cover plate 4', is immersed in a recess 15 in the frame section of the multiple cover element 14. It is also clear that the multiple cover element 14 has two spaced-apart locking tabs 9, each with a locking lug 10 at the free end. This corresponds to the design of the locking tabs 9 protruding from the cover plate 4, which in relation to 1 have already been described in more detail. The cover plate 4 described there can be used as a sub-cover plate 4' for the frame-shaped multiple cover element 14.

In this embodiment, the lower cover plate 4' can optionally be inserted into openings of the partially frame-shaped multiple cover element 14 and locked in place with the cover element 14. In addition, a locking in an underlying support element 3.

18d) shows a top view of the rectangular multiple cover element 14 with the separate sub-cover plate 4' inserted on the right side.

19 a) to 19 c) show three different embodiments of an arrangement for covering several electrical installation wall boxes 1 arranged next to one another in a row in side view.

19 a) shows a multiple cover element 14, which is designed to be snapped onto a support element 3 at the opposite end regions. For this purpose, snap-in tabs 9 protrude from the cover element 14 at the opposite end regions, as was described in principle for the cover element 4, 14 above.

In the middle area there is a cover for at least one further wall box 1, without a separate fastening being provided for this cover.

The cover element 14 is thus rectangular and has an area at each of the two ends that corresponds to the cover plate 4 described above. This means that two cover plates 4, which have locking tabs 9, are positioned on opposite sides and are connected to one another in one piece by at least one further square cover plate without additional locking. These several functional individual cover elements 4 are thus combined integrally to form a single multiple cover element 14.

19 b) shows another embodiment in which a partially frame-shaped cover element 14 covers several electrical installation wall boxes 1 arranged next to one another or wall box areas of a multiple wall box 1. The two outer wall boxes 1 of a group of wall boxes 1 arranged next to one another or the outer wall box areas of a multiple wall box (not shown) are each provided with a support element 3 which is screwed to the respective wall box 1 or the wall box area of a multiple wall box 1. The cover frame 14 has locking tabs 9 on one side in the manner described above for the cover element 4, so that the multiple cover element 14 can be snapped onto a support element 3.

On the opposite side, the multiple cover element 14 has a receiving opening 17 for receiving a previously described sub-cover plate 4'. This is inserted into a, for example, square recess in the multiple cover element 14 and locked to the underlying support element 3 with its locking tabs 9.

19c) shows another embodiment for several electrical installation wall boxes 1 arranged next to one another or a multiple wall box (not shown). A support element 3 is mounted on at least one of these electrical installation wall boxes or wall box areas of a multiple wall box, as described above. In the exemplary embodiment shown, four support elements 3 arranged next to one another are provided, each of which is screwed to an underlying wall box 1 or an associated wall box area of a multiple wall box.

Individual cover plates 4' are then inserted into recesses or openings 17 in a frame 18 and locked into place with the underlying support element 3. The four support elements 3 can also be replaced by a single, one-piece multiple support element (e.g. 4-fold support element 3).

The illustrated embodiment with an additional frame 18 can also be combined to cover at least one wall box 1 with support element 3 and sub-cover element 4', provided that this wall box 1 only contains an electrical distribution, but no functional element. The other wall boxes 1 can be equipped with a functional element, such as a switch, a socket, a dimmer or the like. Then, instead of the illustrated sub-cover element 4' for this underlying wall box, a cover that fits the functional element can be placed in the frame 18, such as a switch rocker, a dimmer button or a socket cover and the like. In this way, functional elements can be combined with electrical distributions.

However, it is also conceivable that the frame 18 is dispensed with entirely and the individual cover elements 4 are joined together with a frame or plug connection section formed thereon to form a multiple cover element 14.

20 a) to e) show different designs of the upper side of the cover element 4. This can be provided with identifiers 20a to 20e, which indicate the underlying distribution function and, if applicable, the feed-in and feed-out direction.

The optional, indicated frame can be incorporated integrally as a groove-shaped contour into the top of the cover element 4. It is conceivable but also in the case of a three-part system, the recognizable frame forms a separate part from the cover element 4. Alternatively, a frame can be dispensed with, either as a separate frame element or as a visual representation.

The identifier 20a indicates the feed direction. The identifier 20b is a connection symbol that indicates a branch connection of the electrical lines.

The identifiers 20c to 20e indicate an electrical function, such as a lighting circuit. The identifier 20d indicates a socket circuit. The identifier 20e “Electronics” indicates an electronics distribution located behind the cover element 4, for example with actuators or other electronic or data line components. Other identifiers can be implemented.

21 a) to d) show a cover element 4 with the identifiers 20a and 20b in four orientations, each rotated by 90°. It is clear that the feed direction is from above (identifier 20a with orientation in 21a) , feed direction from the left (identifier 20a with orientation in 21b) , feed direction from below (identifier 20a with alignment according to 21c ) and feed direction from the right (identifier 20a with alignment according to 21d ) is positioned depending on the orientation of the cover element 4. The cover element 4 can thus be adapted to the feed direction in the interior of the wall box 1 so that the associated identifier 20a corresponds to the distribution behind it.

The connection symbol 20b also always takes on a different position. Optionally, the switch manufacturer also has the option of providing several different cover elements 4, in which the distribution symbol 20b always has the same direction depending on the orientation.

The distribution symbol 20b can be used to indicate a general distribution or branch position. The symbol 20b can also be used without the feed-in symbol 20a, as in 20d) is shown.

The identification and in particular the representation of the feed direction and the distributor or branch position enable the associated line to be quickly located from a distribution in the wall box 1 behind it.

22 a) to d) shows a variant with a multiple cover element 14, which has a first marking 20b, for example as a distribution symbol for the underlying distribution function. The sub-cover elements can also have markings 20a to 20e according to the underlying function. Depending on the vertical or horizontal orientation of the multiple cover element 14, the markings on the cover plate 4 used can be aligned so that they are legible and/or correspond to the feed or distribution direction.

In 22c) As a variant with the marking 11e there is a reference to an underlying electronics. In 22 b) and 22d) Versions with a sub-cover element 4' are shown as a variant.

23 shows a side sectional view of an electronics box 21 that is installed in a hollow wall in and behind a plasterboard 22. A functional insert 23, such as a switch insert with a support ring 24, is installed in the functional area that is open to the outside. An electronics area of the electronics box 21 that is closed to the outside is located behind the plasterboard wall 22 and is already covered by this. The functional area is covered together with the electronics area by a multiple cover element 25. The multiple cover element is designed as a closed plate in the electronics area and as a frame in the functional area. A functional element cover 26 of the functional insert 23, such as a rocker switch, is inserted into the frame. The multiple cover element 25 is thus held to the electronics wall box 21 at the same time.

An electronics unit 27 is located in the electronics area. An imprint on the multiple cover element in the electronics area now informs the installer that a hidden electronics unit 27 is located adjacent to the functional element 23.

24 shows a modification with an electronic soundproofing box. The electronics area of this electronic soundproofing box 28 is no longer covered by the plasterboard wall 22. A cover 29 that can be wallpapered and filled is provided for covering. The multiple cover element 25 now serves to cover this cover 29 in order to enable quick and easy access to the electronics 27 without the wallpaper or other wall covering having to be removed and repaired again after maintenance.

25 shows a top view of the multiple cover element 25 in a horizontal installation position with the marking 20e, which indicates the electronics 27 located behind it. The multiple cover element 25 can also be arranged in a vertical installation position.

26 shows a top view of a double support element 30 with two single support elements 3 formed in one piece (integral) with each other, each of which has a rectangular opening and an edge area R and fastening openings 11. The hole spacing A of the opposite elongated hole fastening openings 11 can be 60 mm, for example. The center distance of the openings 7 can be adapted to a double box and be 71 mm, for example. The remaining partial side lengths Q are accordingly selected so that the double box is covered. The partial side length Q can be 35.4 mm, for example. The external dimension of the width R can be adapted to the width of a double box, for example at 70.6-70.8.

27 shows an installation situation of a built-in dimmer as a functional insert 23, which is installed in the device junction box 1 and wired with NYM cables and has an actuating element W that protrudes upwards. A support ring, also called a support plate, is part of the insert, which is placed on the device junction box and screwed on using the screws 5. The 1-way frame is connected to the dimmer insert in a form-fitting manner via its specific basic structure with integrated clamping spring. This simple installation is intended to express the tight wiring space in everyday electrician's work.

28 shows a sketch of an installation situation of a switch insert in a specific switch position according to 28 b). Under 28 a) the individual functional parts can be seen before assembly.

28 a) and 28 b) should cover the area of the switch insert in the 23 and 24 express better.

29 shows an example of an electrical installation in a room with an upper wiring level, in which a wall box 1 is installed in the form of a distribution box, which is covered with a cover element 4a. This is an example of an old building and modernization. The cables 31 leading to the room are led into the wall box and from there distributed with a cable, for example, to a ceiling light 32a and an associated switch 33a as a functional element. The switch 33a is arranged next to a door 34 at the operating height of a middle functional level. The distribution wall box arranged in the distribution level below the ceiling can be provided with a support element 3, onto which a cover element 4a is snapped. The cover element 4a can optionally have the identifier 20a, 20b to show the distributions behind it with feed direction and distributor symbol.

A line is then routed from the upper wiring level to an additional distribution wall box, which is covered with a cover element 4b and is arranged on a functional level at approximately eye level. A functional element in the form of a switch 33b for switching a wall light 32b on and off is arranged adjacent to this distribution wall box with cover element 4b. The distribution wall box next to the functional element (switch 33b) now serves to guide the three-core electrical supply line to the switch 33b on the one hand and back up to the distribution level and down to a socket connection level on which sockets 35 are arranged at the usual low height above the floor and are connected to the distribution wall box (with cover element 4b).

The distribution wall box is in turn covered with two support elements 3 and a cover element 4b, which is snapped onto the support elements 3. This cover element 4b has an identifier 20b for the distribution function.

With the help of the cover elements 4a, 4b, standard installation boxes for distribution can now be used next to the switch 33a, 33b and, if necessary, below or above the switch 33a, 33b on the functional level, with these installation boxes then being covered by a cover element 4. After the installation has been completed, the cables in the distribution room can initially be exposed and then checked visually. A functional test can then be carried out to release the electrical installation and the cables can be plugged into the space of the distribution wall box and closed with the cover element 4a, 4b. In the event of repairs or subsequent installation, only the cover element 4a, 4b needs to be unlocked. This is not possible for the resident without tools, as the cover elements 4, 4a, 4b lock positively onto the support element 3. Releasing the cover element 4, 4a, 4b requires unlocking, for example with a sheet-metal tool, by means of which the spring-elastic locking tabs 9 can be deflected.

The cover elements 4, 4a, 4b are connected to the underlying wall box 1 in such a way that no electrically conductive fastening material enters the interior of the wall box and could thus pose a danger to the electrical wiring in the interior of the wall box 1.

Especially for use in old buildings and for modernizations, the old junction box positions can be retained, whereby a new distribution focus at eye level in the functional level can be created with the help of multiple covers. ck elements (eg double cover plates as shown) for multiple junction boxes (eg double junction boxes). The junction boxes that are no longer required and can be decommissioned are shown in dashed lines.

30 shows a sketch of an example of an electrical installation with a horizontal underfloor installation. This is an alternative, especially for new buildings. Such an underfloor installation is often used in new buildings with and without basements.

The problems with the deep device junction boxes can be alleviated somewhat by separating the circuit between the light and socket circuits, which has the disadvantage of requiring much more wiring. The sockets are often connected in series in the lower wiring level or are all led individually to the sub-distribution board, where more space is needed for cables and terminals on the mounting rails. In the event of a fault or service, the installer is always commuting back and forth between the rooms and the distribution board.

In some cases, a 2.5 mm² cable is preferred, especially in the kitchen area. However, since the sockets are only designed for 16 A, a series connection is more than questionable. The plan shows a special multiple cover element to illustrate the possibility of a star-shaped load distribution with sufficient wiring space. Having sufficient space is a particular advantage, especially when dealing with 2.5 mm² wires, which will be taken into account more in the future. The alternatives with the cover elements are also taken into account.

The client will appreciate it if the planner shows him the advantages, because later interior changes allow for simple and quick installation extensions. The advantages in the event of a fault or service are immediately apparent.

Since the installation plans in the building plan usually only show the positions of the individual switches and sockets, it is difficult to identify the route of the cables and wiring. Difficulties arise in general underfloor installation, where the most diverse types of installation intersect.

It should be remembered that there is usually no coordination between the heating engineer and the electrician. Everything is laid and sometimes runs criss-cross across the ceiling. Finally, the crew of the screed workers comes to install the insulation and then lay the floating screed. The problems that arise over the years as a result of this are well described in the literature on the building trade.

These problems can be counteracted by shifting the distribution to eye level with the help of the support elements 3 and cover plates 4.

31 shows a sketch of an example of a cavity wall electrical installation. Here, the electrician has to take very specific structural conditions into account and implement them. It is now indispensable in residential and commercial buildings. The junction box with its 120 mm diameter as a supplement to the tried and tested HW junction box allows the installer to implement a wide range of electrical tasks.

32 shows a sketch of an example of a classic installation from the basement area. This classic installation example using the supply from the basement area has the lowest installation risks. All the freedom is there. Among other things, an example with a double electronic cover element is also sketched here. A combination with a cavity wall can also be implemented without any problems.

33 shows a sketch of an electrical installation in a room in which the distribution is only carried out on the functional level. For example, next to a door 34, several wall boxes are arranged in a row one above the other, with one of the wall boxes 1 accommodating a functional element, such as a switch 33a, a socket 35, a dimmer and/or the like. Another wall box of these several wall boxes arranged one above or next to the other is used as a distribution wall box and covered by a cover cap 4c. This means that wiring in the upper wiring level is not necessary. Very flexible and easily accessible wiring, i.e. electrical installation, can be implemented. The further wiring can instead be carried out on the lower wiring level adjacent to the floor, for example via sockets 35 installed there. From there, a vertical line can be led up to another distribution wall box with cover element 4b in order to carry out a functional distribution from there, for example to a light 32b with the associated switching element 33b.

The value of an electrical installation is shown in the fact that clarity in the installation representation and safety are provided in all areas, and the effort for subsequent installation can be greatly reduced.

The example of the illustrated design cover elements 4, 4a, 4b, 4c shows that a significant advantage is achieved with the two-part structure with support element 3 (i.e. support plate or support ring). Several installation boxes arranged next to each other can be covered, whereby only two support elements 3 are then required, onto which a multiple frame with associated sub-covers is then snapped onto the underlying support elements. The two-part structure with cover element and support element combines a VDE-compliant cover with a base plate for fastening to a wall box. For example, a universal support element can enable fastening with two screws with a screw spacing of 60 mm for all devices and device junction boxes. This position can be provided four times in order to arrange the support element both horizontally and vertically on the wall box 1. If the locking zone in the support element is isometric, two screw fastening positions are sufficient. The resulting free area can be used for a second group of fastening openings for wall boxes with a different hole spacing.

The opening in the interior of the support element forms a locking zone that ensures a locking connection with the cover element, which can be designed in the same way as the switch manufacturers' switch ranges. This central opening 7 can be round or square and is preferably designed symmetrically all the way around.

For all junction boxes, a group of fastening holes with a screw spacing of 67 mm can be provided. This can be used for flush-mounted, cavity wall and similar wall boxes. Here it is advantageous if two symmetrical pairs of elongated holes with a hole spacing of 60 mm and 67 mm are available in order to form two groups of fastening holes.

To increase wiring space and modern coverage, a new hole spacing of 82 mm can be provided, especially to optimize conventional junction boxes.

The support element 3 can be made of metal or of a plastic material. It can be designed, for example, as a punched, cut or milled metal sheet.

If the supporting element is made of plastic, this has the advantage of further electrical insulation and a reduction in the risk of voltage carryover.

The cover element can have several height levels in order to separate a widened frame from a central cover area. In this way, the aesthetic design of the cover element can be adapted to existing switch programs, switch frames and switch rib designs. The cover elements can be selected in terms of their shape, color and contour as well as height reliefs in different variants according to different switch design programs.

Since the arrangement with cover element and possibly cover frame not only fulfils the function of covering an electrical installation behind it, but also an aesthetic function, the technical cover function with locking mechanism interacts with the aesthetic function of the interior design.

A frame can be part of the cover element. A protruding frame can also be part of the support element, so that the cover element is accommodated in a recess in the support element. It is also conceivable that the support element is plate-shaped, as previously shown, and that there is an additional frame element into which the cover element is inserted.

Reference symbol lists

1

Electrical installation wall boxes

2

Mounting holes

3

Supporting element

3'

Double load-bearing element

4

Cover element

4'

Undercover element

5

Fixing screws

6

Mounting holes

7

central opening

8th

Cover plate

9

Locking tab

10

locking lug

11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f

Mounting holes

12

Securing holes

13

Edge contour, curved

14

Multiple cover element

15

deepening

16

Multiple cover element

17

Receiving opening

18

Frame

20a to 20e

Identifiers

21

Electronic box

22

Plasterboard

23

Functional use

24

Support ring

25

Multiple cover element

26

Functional element cover

27

electronics

28

Electronic soundproofing box

29

cover

30

Double support element, alternatively

31

cables

32a

Ceiling light

32b

Wall light

33a, 33b

Switch

34

door

35

Power outlet

A = 60 mm

diameter

W = 67 mm

diameter

R

Edge area

C = 82mm

diameter

D = 70 mm

Wall box inner diameter

H = 56mm

Hole spacing

I1, I2 = 70 to 71 mm

Outside length

I3 = 76mm

Distance

K = 94 mm

Outside distance

J = 46mm / 76mm

Internal clearance / opening dimension

M = 128 to 129 mm

Circle diameter

I4 = 124mm

Side lengths

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 1490870 C [0020]
• DE 1665077 B2 [0021]
• DE 635578 A [0022]
• DE 1924453 U [0023]
• DE 1125991 B [0024]
• DE 4312665 A1 [0025]
• WO 2017063620 A1 [0026]

Cited non-patent literature

• EN 60670-1 [0009]

Claims (15)

Support element (3) for attachment to an electrical installation wall box (1) which has fastening holes (6, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f) arranged at wall box-specific hole positions, wherein the support element (3) has a plate-shaped base surface with a central opening (7) and an edge region (R) surrounding the central opening (7), wherein several groups of fastening holes (6, 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f) are arranged in the edge region (R), characterized in that - a first group of fastening holes (11a) has two opposing, part-circular fastening holes (11a) which extend over an angle of more than 90° on a left and right side of the edge region (R) and which lie on a first common circular path with a first radius which is arranged at wall box-specific hole positions of a first type of electrical installation wall boxes (1) is adapted such that, when the support element (3) is placed on such an electrical installation wall box (1), fastening holes (2) of this electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the part-circular fastening openings (11 a) of the first group of fastening openings (11a), and - a second group of fastening openings (11b) has two part-circular fastening openings (11b) opposite one another, which extend over an angle of less than 90° on an upper and lower side of the edge region (R) and which lie on a circular path with a second common radius, which is adapted to wall box-specific hole positions of a second type of electrical installation wall boxes (1) such that, when the support element (3) is placed on such an electrical installation wall box (1), fastening holes (2) of this electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the part-circular fastening openings (11b) of the second group of fastening openings (11b) are. Support element (3) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the first group of fastening openings (11 a) is arranged on the edge region (R) at an angle of 90° to the second group of fastening openings (11b). Support element (3) according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the axes of symmetry of the first group of fastening openings (11a) are arranged at an angle of 90° to the axis of symmetry of the second group of fastening openings (11b). Support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central opening (7) has a circumferential contour of the front edges of the central openings (7) which is designed for the positive locking of a cover element (4) covering the support element (3) with at least one locking tab (9) which extends away from a cover plate (8) of the cover element (4) and, when the cover element (4) is plugged onto the support element (3), adjoins the front edges of the central opening (7) of the support element (3) and forms a locking stop on the edge region of the support element (3) with a locking lug (9) on the locking tab (10). Support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central opening (7) has a symmetrical peripheral contour. Support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the edge region (R) there is a third group of diagonal fastening openings (11c) which extend over an angle of 10° ±5° and which lie on a circular path with a common third radius which is adapted to wall box-specific hole positions of a third type of electrical installation wall box (1) such that, when the support element (3) is placed on such an electrical installation wall box (1) of the third type, fastening holes (2) of this electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the part-circular fastening openings (11c) of the third group of fastening openings (11c). Support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fourth group of fastening openings (11d) at corner regions of the edge region (R) of the support element (3) extend over an angle of more than 90° on a diagonal upper left side and a diagonal lower right side of the edge region (R) and are arranged on a common circular path with a hole spacing from one another such that when the support element (3) is plugged onto a fourth type of electrical installation wall box (1), the fastening holes (2) of this fourth type of electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the fastening openings (11d) of the fourth group. Support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fifth group of fastening openings (11e) and a sixth group of fastening openings (11f) at corner regions of the edge region (R) of the support element (3) extend over an angle of less than 30° corresponding to the arrangement of the fourth group of fastening openings (11d) on the edge region (R), wherein the fastening openings (11e) of the fifth group are arranged on a circular path with a hole spacing from one another which is different from the circular path and the hole spacing of the fastening openings (11f) of the sixth group, wherein the arrangement of the fastening openings (11e, 11f) is designed such that, when the support element (3) is plugged onto a fifth type of electrical installation wall box (1), the fastening holes (2) of the fifth type of electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the fastening openings (11e) of the fifth group, and that, when the support element (3) is plugged onto a sixth type of electrical installation wall box (1), the fastening holes (2) of the sixth type of electrical installation wall box (1) are accessible through the fastening openings (11e) of the fifth group. Arrangement for covering electrical installation wall boxes (1) which have fastening holes (2) arranged in hole positions specific to the wall box, characterized in that the arrangement has at least one support element (3) according to one of the preceding claims for screwing onto an associated electrical installation wall box (1) and at least one cover element (4) which has a cover plate (8) and at least one locking tab (9) extending away from the cover plate (8) with a locking lug (10) protruding from a plane of the locking tab (9) and can be placed on an associated support element (3) of the arrangement in such a way that the at least one locking tab (9) protrudes into the central opening (7) of the support element (3) and locks into the at least one locking lug (10) of the at least one locking tab (9) on the support element (3). Arrangement according to Claim 9 for covering several electrical installation wall boxes (1) arranged next to one another in a row, characterized in that a multiple cover element (14) with at least one locking tab (9) extending away from a cover plate (8) of the multiple cover element (4) with a locking lug (10) protruding from a plane of the locking tab (9) is provided, wherein the multiple cover element (14) is designed to lock with a support element (3) which can be screwed to one of the electrical installation wall boxes (1). Arrangement according to Claim 9 or 10 , characterized in that the cover element (4) has a length which covers several electronic installation wall boxes (1) arranged next to one another. Arrangement according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the cover plate (8) in the region of at least one of the cover positions for an electrical installation wall box (1) has an opening (7) for receiving a sub-cover element (4') which is designed to latch onto an associated second support element (3) which can be screwed to the underlying further electrical installation wall box (1) of the plurality of electrical installation wall boxes (1) arranged next to one another. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 8 until 12 for covering special, specific electrical installation wall boxes (1), characterized in that a multiple cover element (14) is designed for locking with only one support element (3), which is designed to be screwed to an electrical installation wall box (1), and has a cover plate (8) with a length extending beyond the electrical installation wall box (1) equipped with the support element (3), wherein the cover plate (8) has no further locking tabs (9) extending away from the cover plate (8) except for the locking tabs (9) for locking with the one support element (3). Arrangement according to Claims 9 until 13 , characterized in that the various cover elements (4) and/or sub-cover elements (4') have an identification of the type of electrical installation distribution behind them. Arrangement according to one of the Claims 8 until 14 , characterized in that the cover of an electrical installation wall box (1) is formed from only two parts with a support element (3) that can be placed on the electrical installation wall box (1) and screwed to the electrical installation wall box (1) and a cover element (4) that can be placed on the support element (3) and latched to the support element (3) at the edge region (R).

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