DE102022130135A1 - Feeding device for a solid fuel burner and method for operating a feeding device for a solid fuel burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a feeding device for a solid fuel burner, with a storage container (3) for fuel material, and with a conveyor device by means of which the fuel material can be fed to a solid fuel burner (2), wherein the conveyor device is designed as a double piston device (8) which has a first feeder piston (7) assigned to the storage container (3) and displaceably mounted in a first conveyor pipe (6), and a second feeder piston (11) which is connected downstream of the first feeder piston (7) in the conveying direction (FR) and displaceably mounted in a second conveyor pipe (10), which is assigned to the solid fuel burner (2), wherein an intermediate pipe section is provided between the first (6) and the second conveyor pipe (10), which fluidically connects them. According to the invention, the feeding device (1) has at least one fuel material cutting device (29, 31) which is suitable and designed to chop fuel material by cutting.

Description

The invention relates to a feeding device for a solid fuel burner according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a method for operating a feeding device for a solid fuel burner according to claim 25. The invention also relates to a piston device according to claim 26 and a method for operating a piston device according to claim 27. The invention also relates to a storage container arrangement according to claim 30.

From the EN 10 2010 055 215 A1 a feeding device of this type is known. The feeding device has a double piston device as a conveying device for fuel material, in which the fuel material is conveyed to a solid fuel burner by means of two feeder pistons. If coarse fuel material, such as coarse wood chips, is used as the fuel material, the fuel material can jam in the area of the feeder pistons and the fuel material cannot be conveyed as intended and/or only with increased effort using the feeder pistons. The high effort results in increased energy consumption of the feeding device, which reduces the overall efficiency when feeding the solid fuel burner with fuel material.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a feeding device and a method for operating the feeding device, with which the overall efficiency when feeding a solid fuel burner with fuel material is increased. A further object of the invention is to provide a piston device and a method for operating the piston device, with which an energy-saving conveying of fuel material is possible.

This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims which refer back to them.

According to the invention, a feeding device for a solid fuel burner is proposed, with a storage container for fuel material and with a conveyor device by means of which the fuel material can be fed to a solid fuel burner, wherein the conveyor device is designed as a double piston device, which has a first feeder piston assigned to the storage container and slidably mounted in a first conveyor tube, and a second feeder piston downstream of the first feeder piston in the conveying direction and slidably mounted in a second conveyor tube, which is assigned to the solid fuel burner, wherein an intermediate pipe section is provided between the first and the second conveyor tube, connecting them in terms of flow. According to the invention, the feeding device has at least one fuel material cutting device, which is suitable and/or designed to shred fuel material by cutting, preferably by shear cutting.

The fuel material cutting device has the advantage that, particularly larger parts of the fuel material, are not crushed during conveying but cut. This means that there is no jamming and/or crushing of fuel material between the respective feeder piston and the associated conveying pipe. The energy consumption of the feeding device is therefore advantageously reduced compared to a feeding device without a fuel material cutting device.

For example, one or both of the feeder pistons can have the shape of a circle, an oval, a rectangle or a square in cross section. For example, one or both of the conveyor tubes can have the shape of a circular, oval or rectangular, preferably square, ring in cross section.

For example, it can be provided that the fuel material is formed by a solid and/or by wood chips and/or coarse wood chips. It can preferably be provided that the wood chips have a size in a range of G30 to G100 or larger, preferably a size of exactly G30, exactly G50 or exactly G100. Coarse wood chips have the particular advantage that less energy is required during production, namely during the chopping process, than is the case with finer wood chips. Wood chips of this size also have a significantly lower drying loss. This means that when drying wood chips of this size, a significantly lower loss of calorific value occurs than is the case when drying comparatively finer wood chips. When burned, coarsely chopped wood chips have better combustion properties than is the case with comparatively finely chopped wood chips.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one fuel material cutting device is assigned to at least one of two piston devices of the double piston device, wherein each of the two pistons beneinrichtungen has a feeder piston and a conveyor pipe. In particular, in the case that both piston devices are equipped with a fuel material cutting device, the previously mentioned reduced energy consumption for both piston devices results.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one fuel material cutting device is formed by a cutting tool with a cutting edge, preferably by a cutting tool with a cutting edge and a counter-blade with a counter-cutting edge. Specifically, it can be provided that the at least one fuel material cutting device is formed by a cutting tool with a cutting edge and a counter-blade with a counter-cutting edge, preferably associated with the cutting tool. The cutting edge and/or the counter-cutting edge each form a defined cutting edge that enables particularly energy-saving cutting.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool is formed and/or arranged on a piston face of a feeder piston associated with the cutting tool. The front-side arrangement ensures that the low-wear, movable mounting of the feeder pistons in the associated conveyor pipes is not impaired by the cutting tool.

In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool is an integral part of the piston end face, preferably incorporated therein, or is formed by a separate component that is connected to the piston end face.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool protrudes from the piston end face, preferably in the conveying direction.

Preferably, it can be provided that the piston end faces of one, several or all feeder pistons point in the conveying direction and/or face the solid fuel burner and/or are in contact with the fuel material when feeding the solid fuel burner.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool is formed by a cutting tooth arrangement with several cutting teeth. It can preferably be provided that the cutting teeth are arranged radially on the outside of the piston face. This ensures that the radial distance to the counter cutting edge is as small as possible, so that the cutting process can be carried out with particularly little effort.

In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting teeth form an annular cutting ring that runs radially around at least in some areas or segments, preferably completely, whereby it is preferably provided that the cutting teeth are designed approximately the same and/or are evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction. The distribution of the cutting teeth makes it possible for the feeder piston to be installed in any installation position relative to the associated conveyor pipe, and for the cutting teeth to also interact with the counter-blade in any installation position. This advantageously simplifies the installation of the feeder piston.

Preferably, it can be provided that the cutting tool, preferably the cutting tooth arrangement or the cutting ring, has exactly four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven or twelve teeth. With nine teeth, the cutting tool has a particularly long service life in relation to the achievable power saving.

Preferably, it can be provided that the cutting tool, preferably the cutting tooth arrangement or the cutting ring, essentially has the shape of a crown and/or a hole saw.

Particularly preferably, it can be provided that at least one or each of the plurality of cutting teeth is ground and/or chamfered on one side, preferably in relation to the associated feeder piston radially inward and/or against the conveying direction.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that at least one or each of the plurality of cutting teeth has a tooth geometry with a tooth flank and a first tooth chip surface, which together with a first tooth cutting edge enclose a first tooth wedge angle.

For example, it can be provided that at least one or each of the plurality of cutting teeth has a tooth geometry with the tooth flank and a second tooth chip surface, which together with a second tooth cutting edge enclose a second tooth wedge angle. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one or each of the plurality of cutting teeth has a tooth geometry with the tooth flank and a third tooth chip surface, which together with a third tooth cutting edge enclose a third tooth wedge angle. Before Preferably, the first tooth wedge angle and/or the second tooth wedge angle and/or the third tooth wedge angle can have a value in a range from 30° to 60°, preferably in a range from 40° to 50°. Most preferably, the first tooth wedge angle and/or the second tooth wedge angle and/or the third tooth wedge angle can have a value of exactly 45°.

Preferably, it can be provided that the tooth flank and the first tooth chip surface converge at the first tooth cutting edge, and/or that the tooth flank and the second tooth chip surface converge at the second tooth cutting edge, and/or that the tooth flank and the third tooth chip surface converge at the third tooth cutting edge. In particular, the second and third tooth cutting edges are thus arranged in such a way that when the feeder piston moves in the conveying direction, the second and third tooth cutting edges also move proportionally in the cutting edge direction relative to the counter cutting edge. The amount of force required for the cutting process is thereby reduced even further.

It can be particularly preferably provided that a tooth cutting edge of each of the plurality of cutting teeth is composed of the first tooth cutting edge and/or the second tooth cutting edge and/or the third tooth cutting edge. It can be most preferably provided that the tooth cutting edges together form the cutting edge of the cutting tool.

Specifically, it can be provided that the second tooth cutting edge encloses a first corner angle lying in the tooth flank with the first tooth cutting edge, wherein it can preferably be provided that the first corner angle has a value in a range from 30° to 60°, preferably in a range from 40° to 50°. Most preferably, the first corner angle can have a value of exactly 45°.

By way of example, it can be provided that the third tooth cutting edge encloses a second corner angle lying in the tooth flank with the first tooth cutting edge, wherein it can preferably be provided that the second corner angle has a value in a range from 30° to 60°, preferably a value in a range from 40° to 50°. Most preferably, the second corner angle can have a value of exactly 45°.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the tooth flank is flush with an outer surface of the associated feeder piston. It can preferably be provided that the tooth flank has the same curvature, preferably uniaxial and/or extending in the circumferential direction with respect to the associated feeder piston, as an outer surface of the associated feeder piston in this area. The tooth flanks therefore do not protrude radially outwards beyond the outer surface of the associated feeder piston. A movable mounting of the feeder pistons in the associated conveyor pipes is therefore not impaired and the wear that occurs during the movable mounting is minimal.

For example, it can be provided that the tooth flank has the shape of a shell, preferably uniaxial and/or curved in the circumferential direction with respect to the associated feeder piston.

For example, it can be provided that the tooth flank, preferably viewed orthogonally to the conveying direction, has substantially the shape of an isosceles trapezoid.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool is formed by a radially encircling and essentially ring-shaped cutting blade with a cutting blade free surface and a cutting blade chip surface, which together with a cutting blade cutting edge enclose a cutting blade wedge angle. It can preferably be provided that the cutting blade free surface adjoins the outer surface of the associated feeder piston in a flush manner. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the cutting blade wedge angle has a value in a range of 30° to 60°, preferably in a range of 40° to 50°. Most preferably, the cutting blade wedge angle can have a value of exactly 45°. The ring-shaped cutting blade has the advantage that it can be produced particularly cost-effectively due to the simple cutting geometry - for example in comparison to the cutting tooth arrangement.

Preferably, it can be provided that the cutting tool is designed as a single piece and/or of the same material as the associated feeder piston, and/or that the cutting tool is a single piece and/or of the same material as the associated feeder piston.

In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the counter-blade associated with the cutting tool is arranged on the conveyor pipe.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the counter-blade is an integral part of the associated conveyor pipe, preferably incorporated into the associated conveyor pipe, or formed by a separate component which is connected to the associated conveyor pipe.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the counter-blade has a counter-blade shearing surface adjoining the counter-cutting edge, along which the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be displaced while grazing the counter-cutting edge. It can preferably be provided that the counter-blade has a counter-blade grazing surface that converges with the counter-blade shearing surface at the counter-cutting edge.

For example, it can be provided that the counter-blade extends from an edge region of a metering opening of the first conveyor pipe, preferably on the intermediate pipe section side, preferably against the conveying direction, and/or that the counter-blade extends from an edge region of a feeder opening of the second conveyor pipe, preferably on the conveying direction side, preferably against the conveying direction.

Preferably, it can be provided that the edge region on the intermediate pipe section side delimits the metering opening on the side facing the intermediate pipe section, and/or that the edge region on the conveying direction side delimits the feeder opening on the side facing the solid fuel burner.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the counter-cutting shearing surface, preferably in relation to the associated feeder piston, is spaced radially from the tooth flank or the cutting blade flank, preferably by a cutting gap with a cutting gap width with a value in a range from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably in a range from 1 mm to 10 mm, most preferably in a range from 1 mm to 5 mm.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the cutting tool and/or the counter-blade is or are formed by a welded coating. It can preferably be provided that the welded coating is made of a material that is not uniform with the respective base material of the associated feeder piston and/or the associated conveyor pipe, and/or that the welded coating is produced by means of build-up welding, and/or that the material of the welded coating is a hard metal. The use of hard metal results in a particularly long service life of the cutting tool.

In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the counter-blade is formed by an edge region of a metering opening of the first conveyor pipe, preferably on the side of the intermediate pipe section, and/or that the counter-blade is formed by an edge region of a feeder opening of the second conveyor pipe, preferably on the side of the conveying direction. In this embodiment, the edge regions of the openings also directly form the counter-blades. Complex manufacturing steps, such as build-up welding, are therefore not necessary.

It can be particularly preferably provided that the counter-blade shearing surface is curved, preferably uniaxially and/or in the circumferential direction with respect to the associated feeder piston. It can be preferably provided that a curvature of the counter-blade shearing surface corresponds to a curvature of the inner surface of the associated conveyor pipe in this area. It can be particularly preferably provided that the counter-blade shearing surface adjoins the inner surface of the associated conveyor pipe flush with the surface.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the feeding device has a storage container arrangement which has the storage container and a first agitator and/or a second agitator, preferably of the same construction as the first agitator. The arrangement of two agitators in the storage container results in a particularly efficient discharge of the fuel material, particularly in the case of a storage container with a large diameter.

In a preferred embodiment, it can be provided that each of the agitators is formed by a container drive unit, a stirring element and a clearing device.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it can be provided that the container drive unit is suitable and/or designed to set the stirring element arranged in the storage container and assigned to the container drive unit into a rotary movement.

In an exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the clearing device is suitable and/or designed to convey fuel material from the storage container and/or to the metering opening and/or to the feeder opening.

Preferably, it can be provided that the clearing device is formed by, preferably replaceable, spring tines. The spring tines have the advantage that they can give way to mechanical resistance without being immediately damaged and/or bent.

For example, it can be provided that the storage container has a container bottom and that the container drive unit is arranged in the region of the container bottom and/or outside the storage container.

By way of example, it can be provided that the container drive unit is assigned to the container bottom.

Preferably, it can be provided that the container bottom is arranged between the stirring element and the container drive unit, and/or that the container drive unit is arranged between the stirring element and the container bottom.

Particularly preferably, it can be provided that the stirring element is formed by a stirring disk, or that the stirring element is formed by a stirring plate.

In a preferred embodiment, the container drive unit can be formed by a hydraulically operated oil motor or by a hydraulically operated oil motor and a gear. The hydraulically operated oil motor has the advantage that the agitator can move independently of the movement of the feeder pistons. Depending on the quality of the fuel material, the speed of the oil motor can therefore be set individually and independently of the conveying speed of the feeder pistons. In particular, in combination with the feeding device according to the invention, the advantage is that the hydraulic oil volume flow used to move the feeder pistons is immediately available and can be used in whole or in part to drive the agitator.

For example, the active running time of the feed can be influenced by adjusting the running time of the oil motor.

In a specific embodiment, it can be provided that the oil motor is directly connected to a stirring element drive shaft of the stirring element or directly to the stirring element. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the oil motor is indirectly connected, preferably with the gear box interposed, to a stirring element drive shaft of the stirring element or indirectly connected, preferably with the gear box interposed, to the stirring element. It can preferably be provided that the oil motor is flanged to the gear box.

Preferably, it can be provided that the transmission is formed by a reduction gear, preferably with a transmission ratio of 29.5:1.

The invention further relates to a method for operating a feeding device for a solid fuel burner, preferably for operating a feeding device as described above.

According to the invention, a piston device for conveying fuel material, preferably a piston device as described above, with a conveyor tube and a feeder piston slidably mounted in the conveyor tube, wherein the piston device, preferably the feeder piston and/or the conveyor tube, is assigned a cutting device, preferably for cutting fuel material. As already described in connection with the feeding device, the use of the fuel material cutting device enables particularly energy-saving conveying of the fuel material, particularly in the case of coarse wood chips.

The invention also relates to a method for operating a piston device for a solid fuel burner, preferably for operating a piston device as described above.

According to the invention, there is also a charging device arrangement with a first charging device as described above and with a second charging device as described above, wherein the storage container of the first charging device and the storage container of the second charging device are formed by a common storage container. The charging device arrangement is therefore particularly economical to operate, since only the common storage container and not two separate storage containers have to be filled with fuel material to operate both charging devices.

In a specific embodiment of the feeding device arrangement, it can be provided that both the first conveyor pipe of the first feeding device and the first conveyor pipe of the second feeding device are led out of the common storage container and/or away from the common storage container. The conveyor pipes can be arranged in and/or on the common storage container as required. For example, The conveyor pipes can be arranged radially outside the agitators or, for example, between the agitators.

For example, it can be provided that the fuel material for the first solid fuel burner and for the second solid fuel burner is accommodated in the common storage container.

By way of example, it can be provided that two agitators are provided in the common storage container, namely the first agitator and the second agitator.

Preferably, it can be provided that the first agitator is assigned to the first conveyor pipe of the first feeding device, and/or the second agitator is assigned to the first conveyor pipe of the second feeding device.

Also according to the invention is a storage container arrangement, preferably as described above, with a storage container and a first agitator and/or a second agitator, preferably identical in construction to the first agitator.

In an exemplary embodiment of the storage container arrangement, it can be provided that the first and/or the second agitator is formed by a container drive unit, a stirring element and a clearing device.

In a specific embodiment of the storage container arrangement, it can be provided that the container drive unit is suitable and/or designed to set the stirring element arranged in the storage container into a rotary movement.

In an exemplary embodiment of the storage container arrangement, it can be provided that the clearing device is suitable and/or designed to convey fuel material from the storage container and/or to the metering opening.

In a preferred embodiment of the storage container arrangement, it can be provided that the container drive unit is formed by a hydraulically operated oil motor or by a hydraulically operated oil motor and a transmission.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the storage container arrangement, it can be provided that the oil motor is directly connected in rotation to a stirring element drive shaft of the stirring element or directly to the stirring element, and/or that the oil motor is indirectly connected in rotation to a stirring element drive shaft of the stirring element, preferably with the gear box interposed, or indirectly connected in rotation to the stirring element, preferably with the gear box interposed. It can preferably be provided that the oil motor is flanged to the gear box.

Preferably, it can be provided that the storage container arrangement has a conveyor device. Particularly preferably, it can be provided that fuel material, preferably held in the storage container, is fed to the conveyor device by means of the first agitator and/or by means of the second agitator. Most preferably, it can be provided that the conveyor device is formed by a conveyor belt for conveying fuel material or that the conveyor device has a conveyor belt for conveying fuel material. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the conveyor device is formed by a conveyor screw for conveying fuel material or that the conveyor device has a conveyor screw for conveying fuel material. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the conveyor device is formed by a feeder piston for conveying fuel material, preferably as described above, or that the conveyor device has a feeder piston for conveying fuel material, preferably as described above.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing.

• 1 schematisch und beispielhaft eine Prinzipskizze einer Beschickungsvorrichtung;
• 2 in einer Seitenansicht einen Beschickerkolben;
• 3 in einer Ansicht von vorne den Beschickerkolben;
• 4 in einer Schnittansicht den Beschickerkolben und eine Gegenschneide;
• 5 in einer Schnittansicht den Beschickerkolben in Wechselwirkung mit der Gegenschneide;
• 6 in einer Seitenansicht einen Beschickerkolben gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform;
• 7 in einer Ansicht von vorne den Beschickerkolben der 6;
• 8 in einer Seitenansicht einen Vorratsbehälter mit einem Rührwerk;
• 9 schematisch und beispielhaft eine Prinzipskizze des Vorratsbehälters der 8, und zwar mit zwei Rührwerken, und
• 10 schematisch und beispielhaft eine Prinzipskizze eines gemeinsamen Vorratsbehälters zweier Beschickungsvorrichtungen mit zwei Rührwerken, wobei jedem Rührwerk ein erstes Förderrohr von einer der Beschickungsvorrichtungen zugeordnet ist.

Show it:

• 1 schematic and exemplary principle sketch of a feeding device;
• 2 a side view of a feeder piston;
• 3 a front view of the feeder piston;
• 4 in a sectional view the feeder piston and a counter cutting edge;
• 5 in a sectional view the feeder piston interacting with the counter blade;
• 6 in a side view a feeder piston according to another embodiment;
• 7 in a front view the feeder piston of the 6 ;
• 8th a side view of a storage tank with an agitator;
• 9 schematic and exemplary schematic diagram of the storage tank of the 8th , with two agitators, and
• 10 schematically and by way of example, a principle sketch of a common storage container of two feeding devices with two agitators, wherein each agitator is assigned a first conveyor pipe from one of the feeding devices.

In the 1 a feeding device 1 according to the invention for a solid fuel burner 2, which is shown here only by way of example and schematically, is shown, which has a storage container 3 (see 8th ) for fuel material, in particular for wood chips of the size range G30 to G100 or larger. This storage container 3 for wood chips 24 (see 4 and 5 ) is coupled via a metering opening 5 to a first conveyor pipe 6 of a double piston device 8, which metering opening 5 is designed and arranged in the assembled state on a peripheral wall area of the first conveyor pipe 6, preferably geodetically at the top. A first feeder piston 7 of the double piston device 8 is slidably mounted in the first conveyor pipe 6.

The first conveyor pipe 6 is followed by a drop shaft pipe 9 forming an intermediate pipe section, which opens with a pipe end facing away from the first conveyor pipe 6 via a feeder opening 12 into a second conveyor pipe 10 of the double piston device 8, in which second conveyor pipe 10 a second feeder piston 11 is displaceably mounted.

In the area of the drop shaft pipe 9, at a defined distance above a geodetically lower bottom wall area 13 of the second conveyor pipe 10, a light barrier arrangement 15 having a transmitter 16 and a receiver 14 is arranged, which, as shown in the 1 is shown only extremely schematically and in dashed lines, is coupled to a control device 17 of the feeding device 1.

A front end of the second conveyor pipe 10 facing the solid fuel burner 2 is connected to a connecting piece 19 of the solid fuel burner 2 via a flange connection 18.

For example, a grate 21 is arranged in the combustion chamber 20 of the solid fuel burner 2, which is shown only very schematically here. Furthermore, the solid fuel burner 2 is provided here, for example, with a temperature sensor 22, which represents any other suitable alternative or additional measuring device.

In the in the 1 In the initial position or rest position of the feeding device 1 shown, the first feeder piston 7 is in its basic position closing the metering opening 5, wherein in the area of the first conveyor pipe 6 in front of a piston end face 23 of the first feeder piston 7 a defined amount of wood chips 24 is kept ready for metering into the second conveyor pipe 10. The position of the first feeder piston 7 is specified or queried here via a limit switch 25 in the area of the metering opening 5.

The second feeder piston 11 is located in the 1 shown rest position also in a basic position predetermined or queried by a limit switch 26, in which the second feeder piston 11 closes the feeder opening 12 and at the same time is guided with its piston end face 27 up to the grate 21 of the combustion chamber 20, whereby a burning through of hot gases from the combustion chamber 20 in the direction of the storage container 3 is prevented in a functionally safe and reliable manner.

By switching on the heating system, which comprises the charging device 1 according to the invention and the solid fuel burner 2, a control and/or regulating device of the heating system determines whether there is a heat requirement at a certain predetermined temperature, for example a target temperature in the display. To do this, for example, the control and/or regulating device queries an actual temperature value in the solid fuel burner 2 via the temperature sensor 22. For example, the residual oxygen content and/or the exhaust gas temperature can be queried alternatively or additionally in order to determine the heat requirement.

If the control and/or regulating device determines that the combustion chamber temperature or the boiler temperature is too low, a primary fan is switched on, for example, and at the same time the feed device 1 is controlled and activated by the control device 17 according to the invention, which can be designed separately or can also be an integral part of the control and/or regulating device of the heating system, in order to convey a defined amount of wood chips into the combustion chamber 20 of the solid fuel burner 2.

In order to avoid blockages and/or jamming of the wood chips 24 when conveying the wood chips 24 and to keep the required effort for conveying the wood chips 24 as low as possible, the feeding device 1 has a first fuel material cutting device 29 (see 3 and 4 ) and a second fuel material cutting device 31 (see 3 and 4 ). The first 29 and the second fuel material cutting device 31 are identical in construction designed and/or configured. In order to avoid repetition, the first fuel material cutting device 29 is explained below with regard to its structure - also as a representative of the second fuel material cutting device 31.

The first fuel material cutting device 29 is assigned to a first piston device 33 of the double piston device 8 of the feeding device 1. The first piston device 33 has the first feeder piston 7 and the first conveyor pipe 6. The first fuel material cutting device 29 is suitable and/or designed to shear and/or cut wood chips 24, preferably parts of the wood chips 24.

The first fuel material cutting device 29 is formed by a cutting tool 35 and a counter blade 37 (see for example 4 ) is formed. The cutting tool 35 and the counter-blade 37 act upon a movement of the first feeder piston 7 in the conveying direction FR (see for example 1 ) so that parts of the wood chips 24 are cut or sheared between the cutting tool 35 and the counter blade 37. This process is described in the 4 and 5 shown.

In the 2 the first feeder piston 7 is shown in a side view. The cutting tool 35 is arranged on the piston face 23 as a component of the first fuel material cutting device 29 and protrudes from the piston face 23 of the first feeder piston 6 in the conveying direction FR. The cutting tool 35 is formed by a cutting tooth arrangement with several cutting teeth 38 which - viewed in relation to the first feeder piston 7 - are arranged radially on the outside of the piston face 23 of the first feeder piston 7 (see 3 ). The cutting teeth 38 are - in relation to the first feeder piston 7 - evenly distributed in the circumferential direction U, as can be seen from the 3 Each of the cutting teeth 38 is ground or chamfered on one side, radially inward with respect to the first feeder piston 7 and against the conveying direction FR.

Each of the cutting teeth 38 has a tooth geometry with a tooth flank 39 and a first tooth chip surface 41, a second tooth chip surface 43 and a third tooth chip surface 45. The first tooth chip surface 41 converges with the tooth flank 39 at a first tooth cutting edge and forms a first tooth wedge angle with the tooth flank. The second tooth chip surface 43 converges with the tooth flank 39 at a second tooth cutting edge and forms a second tooth wedge angle with the tooth flank 39. The third tooth chip surface 45 converges with the tooth flank 39 at a third tooth cutting edge and forms a third tooth wedge angle with the tooth flank 39. The first tooth wedge angle, the second tooth wedge angle and the third tooth wedge angle have an amount in a range of 40° to 50°.

A tooth cutting edge of each cutting tooth 38 is made up of the first tooth cutting edge, the second tooth cutting edge and the third tooth cutting edge. The second tooth cutting edge converges with the first tooth cutting edge and forms a first corner angle with the first tooth cutting edge, which lies in the tooth flank 39. The third tooth cutting edge converges with the first tooth cutting edge and forms a second corner angle with the first tooth cutting edge, which lies in the tooth flank 39. The first corner angle and the second corner angle each have an amount in a range of 40° to 50°.

The tooth flank 39 is flush with an outer surface 47 (see for example 2 ) of the first feeder piston 7 and merges into the outer surface 47 of the first feeder piston 7. The tooth clearance surface 39 has the same curvature as the outer surface 47 of the first feeder piston 7.

In the 4 In addition to the cutting tool 35, the counter-blade 37 is also shown. The counter-blade 37 protrudes from an edge region 48 of the metering opening 5 on the intermediate pipe section side, in the opposite direction to the conveying direction FR. The counter-blade 37 has a counter-blade shearing surface 49 and a counter-blade grazing surface 51, which converge at a counter-cutting edge 50. The counter-blade shearing surface 49 is spaced radially from the tooth flank surface 39, preferably by a cutting gap 53 with a cutting gap width with a value in a range of 1 mm to 10 mm. The counter-blade 37 is formed by a weld deposit that is produced by means of build-up welding and preferably subsequent finishing. The material of the weld deposit is a hard metal.

A curvature of the counter-blade shearing surface 49 corresponds to a curvature of the inner surface 57 of the first conveyor pipe 7. The counter-blade shearing surface 49 is flush with the inner surface 57 of the first conveyor pipe 7.

In the 5 It is shown that the cutting tool 35 and the counter-blade 37 interact when the first feeder piston 7 moves in the conveying direction FR in such a way that the wood chips 24 are cut.

As an alternative to the cutting teeth 38, the cutting tool 35 can also be formed by an at least substantially ring-shaped cutting blade 59 with a cutting blade free surface 61 and a cutting blade chip surface 63, as shown in the 6 and 7 is shown. The cutting blade free surface 61 is flush with the outer surface 47 of the first feeder piston 7.

The cutting knife flank 61 and the cutting knife chip surface 63, together with a cutting knife cutting edge, form a cutting knife wedge angle. The cutting knife wedge angle has a value in the range of 40° to 50°. As with the cutting teeth 38, the 5 As explained, the ring-shaped cutting blade 59 also interacts with the counter-blade 37 in such a way that the wood chips 24 are cut when the first feeder piston 7 moves in the conveying direction FR.

The second fuel material cutting device 31 is connected to a second piston device 60 (see 1 ) of the double piston device 8 of the feeding device 1 and is constructed identically to the first fuel material cutting device 29. In the second fuel material cutting device 31, the cutting tool 35 is arranged on the second feeder piston 11. In the second fuel material cutting device 31, the counter-blade 37 projects from an edge region 62 of the feeder opening 12 on the conveying direction side, specifically against the conveying direction FR. In the second fuel material cutting device 31, the cutting blade free surface 61 or the tooth free surface 39 merges flush into an outer jacket surface 64 of the second feeder piston 11. In the second fuel material cutting device 31, the counter-blade shearing surface 49 merges flush into an inner surface 66 of the second conveyor pipe 10.

In the 8th the storage container 3 is shown. An agitator 67 of the feeding device 1 is arranged in the storage container 3. The first conveyor pipe 6 is connected in or on the storage container 3 or is integrated into it. The agitator 67 has a container drive unit, a stirring element formed by a stirring plate 69 and a clearing device formed by spring tines 71, wherein the container drive unit is suitable and/or designed to set the stirring element arranged in the storage container 3 together with the clearing device attached to it in a rotary movement.

The container drive unit has a hydraulically operated oil motor 73 and a reduction gear 75. The oil motor 73 drives the stirring plate 69 with the reduction gear 75 in between. For this purpose, the oil motor 73 is connected to a drive shaft 77 of the stirring plate 69 with the reduction gear 75 in between. The reduction gear 75 has a transmission ratio of 29.5:1 here merely as an example.

When the stirring plate 69 and thus also the spring tines 71 rotate, wood chips 24 are conveyed from the storage container 3 to the metering opening 5 in the first conveyor pipe 6.

Both the first feeder piston 7 accommodated in the first conveyor pipe 6 and not explicitly shown here and the second feeder piston 11 accommodated in the second conveyor pipe 10 and not explicitly shown here are each coupled by means of hydraulic lines 40 to a single hydraulic device 41 for both feeder pistons 7, 11, which hydraulic device 41 is in turn coupled to the control device 17 and is controlled accordingly by it. The control device 17 controls the hydraulic device 41 and in particular the at least one valve of the hydraulic device 41 such that only one of the two feeder pistons 7, 11 moves, while the other feeder piston 7, 11 remains in the position it has just assumed.

The control device 17 further controls the hydraulic device 41 such that the oil motor 73, which is fluidly connected to the hydraulic device 41 via hydraulic lines 40, causes the stirring plate 69 to rotate in a predetermined direction of rotation and at a predefined speed.

In the 9 the storage container 3 is shown in a design in which the first agitator 67 and a second agitator 78 are provided in the storage container 3. The first agitator 67 and the second agitator 78 are assigned to the storage container 3 and are part of the feeding device 1. The first conveyor pipe 6 is connected in or to the storage container 3 or is integrated into it. The first 67 and the second 78 agitators each have the container drive unit, the agitating element formed by the agitating plate 69 and the clearing device formed by the spring tines 71. The container drive units are suitable and/or designed to each provide one of the agitating elements with together with the attached clearing device into a rotary motion.

The two agitators 67, 78 are identical in design and construction. Both agitators 67, 78 convey the wood chips 24 to the dosing opening 5. The container drive units are installed in the same way as in the example of the 8th controlled and work in the same way.

In the 10 a feeding device arrangement is shown. The feeding device arrangement has two feeding devices 1. A first of the feeding devices 1 is assigned to the first solid fuel burner 2 (not shown). A second of the feeding devices 1 is assigned to a second solid fuel burner (not shown). The storage containers 3 of the two feeding devices 1 are formed by a common storage container 79. The first conveyor pipes 6 of the two feeding devices 1 are both led out of the common storage container 79. The first solid fuel burner 2 and the second solid fuel burner are fed with fuel material from the common storage container 3.

The first agitator 67 and the second agitator 78 are arranged in the common storage container 79. The first conveyor pipe 6 of the first feeding device 1 interacts with the first agitator 67 in the common storage container 79. The first agitator 67 conveys wood chips 24 to the metering opening 5 of the first conveyor pipe 6 of the first feeding device 1.

The first conveyor pipe 6 of the second feeding device 1 interacts with the second agitator 78 in the storage container 79. The second agitator 78 conveys wood chips to the metering opening 5 of the first conveyor pipe 6 of the second feeding device 1. The first 67 and the second agitator 78 are constructed in the same way.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010055215 A1 [0002]

Claims (30)

Feeding device for a solid fuel burner, with a storage container (3) for fuel material, and with a conveyor device by means of which the fuel material can be fed to a solid fuel burner (2), wherein the conveyor device is designed as a double piston device (8) which has a first feeder piston (7) assigned to the storage container (3) and displaceably mounted in a first conveyor pipe (6), and a second feeder piston (11) which is connected downstream of the first feeder piston (7) in the conveying direction (FR) and displaceably mounted in a second conveyor pipe (10), which is assigned to the solid fuel burner (2), wherein an intermediate pipe section is provided between the first (6) and the second conveyor pipe (10), which fluidically connects them, characterized in that the feeding device (1) has at least one fuel material cutting device (29, 31) which is suitable and designed to chop fuel material by cutting. Feeding device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one fuel material cutting device (29) is assigned to at least one of two piston devices (33, 60) of the double piston device (8), each of the two piston devices (33, 60) having a feeder piston (7, 11) and a conveyor pipe (6). Feeding device according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the at least one fuel material cutting device (31) is formed by a cutting tool (35) with a cutting edge, preferably by a cutting tool (35) with a cutting edge and a counter cutting edge (37) with a counter cutting edge (50). Feeding device according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) is formed and/or arranged on a piston end face (23, 27) of a feeder piston (7, 11) associated with the cutting tool (35). Feeding device according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) is an integral part of the piston end face (23, 27), preferably is incorporated therein, or is formed by a separate component which is connected to the piston end face (23, 27). Feeding device according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) protrudes from the piston end face (23, 27), preferably in the conveying direction (FR). Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 6 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) is formed by a cutting tooth arrangement with a plurality of cutting teeth (38), wherein it is preferably provided that the cutting teeth (38) are arranged radially outside on the piston end face (23, 27). Feeding device according to Claim 7 , characterized in that the cutting teeth (38) form an annular cutting ring which extends radially around at least in regions or segments, preferably completely, wherein it is preferably provided that the cutting teeth (38) are of approximately identical design and/or are evenly spaced from one another in the circumferential direction. Feeding device according to Claim 7 or 8th , characterized in that at least one or each of the plurality of cutting teeth (38) has a tooth geometry with a tooth flank (39) and a first tooth chip face (41) which, together with a first tooth cutting edge, enclose a first tooth wedge angle. Feeding device according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the tooth free surface (39) adjoins an outer surface (47) of an associated feeder piston (7, 11) in a flush manner, wherein it is preferably provided that the tooth free surface (39) has the same curvature, preferably uniaxial and/or extending in the circumferential direction with respect to the associated feeder piston (7, 11), as an outer surface (47) of the associated feeder piston (7, 11) in this region. Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 6 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) is formed by a radially rotating and substantially annular cutting blade (59) with a cutting blade free surface (61) and a cutting blade chip surface (63) which, together with a cutting blade cutting edge, enclose a cutting blade wedge angle. Feeding device according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the cutting knife free surface (61) adjoins an outer surface (47) of the associated feeder piston (7, 11) flush with the surface, and/or that the cutting knife wedge angle is 30° to 60°, preferably 40° to 50°, most preferably exactly 45°. Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 8th , characterized in that the counter-blade (37) associated with the cutting tool (35) is arranged on the conveyor pipe (6, 10). Feeding device according to Claim 13 , characterized in that the counter-blade (37) is an integral part of the associated conveyor pipe (6, 10), is preferably incorporated into the associated conveyor pipe (6, 10), or is formed by a separate component which is connected to the associated conveyor pipe (6, 10). Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 14 , characterized in that the counter-blade (37) has a counter-blade shearing surface (49) adjoining the counter-cutting edge (50), along which the cutting edge of the cutting tool can be displaced while grazing over the counter-cutting edge (50), wherein it is preferably provided that the counter-blade (37) has a counter-blade grazing surface (51) which converges with the counter-blade shearing surface (49) at the counter-cutting edge (50). Feeding device according to Claim 15 , characterized in that the counter-cutting shearing surface (49), preferably in relation to the associated feeder piston (7, 11), is spaced radially from the tooth flank (39) or the cutting knife flank (61), preferably by a cutting gap (53) with a cutting gap width with an amount in a range from 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably in a range from 1 mm to 10 mm, most preferably in a range from 1 mm to 5 mm. Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 16 , characterized in that the cutting tool (35) and/or the counter-blade (37) is or are formed by a welded deposit, wherein it is preferably provided that the welded deposit is formed of a material that is not uniform with the respective base material of the associated feeder piston and/or the conveyor pipe (6, 10), and/or that the welded deposit is produced by means of build-up welding, and/or that the material of the welded deposit is a hard metal. Feeding device according to one of the Claims 3 until 17 , characterized in that the counter-blade (37) is formed by an edge region (48), preferably on the intermediate pipe section side, of a metering opening (5) of the first conveyor pipe (6) and/or that the counter-blade (37) is formed by an edge region (60), preferably on the conveying direction side, of a feeder opening (12) of the second conveyor pipe (10). Feeding device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the feeding device (1) has a storage container arrangement which has the storage container (3) and a first agitator (67) and/or a second agitator (78), preferably of identical construction to the first agitator (67). Feeding device according to Claim 19 , characterized in that the first (67) and/or the second agitator (78) is formed by a container drive unit, a stirring element and a clearing device. Feeding device according to Claim 20 , characterized in that the container drive unit is suitable and/or designed to set the stirring element arranged in the storage container (3) into a rotary movement. Feeding device according to Claim 20 or 21 , characterized in that the clearing device is suitable and/or designed to convey fuel material from the storage container (3) and/or to the metering opening (5). Feeding device according to one of the Claims 20 until 22 , characterized in that the container drive unit is formed by a hydraulically operated oil motor (73) or by a hydraulically operated oil motor (73) and a gear (75). Feeding device according to Claim 23 , characterized in that the oil motor (73) is directly rotationally connected to a stirring element drive shaft (77) of the stirring element or directly to the stirring element, and/or that the oil motor (73) is indirectly rotationally connected, preferably with the interposition of the gear (75), to a stirring element drive shaft (77) of the stirring element or indirectly rotationally connected, preferably with the interposition of the gear (75), to the stirring element, wherein it is preferably provided that the oil motor (73) is flanged to the gear (75). Method for operating a feeding device for a solid fuel burner, preferably for operating a feeding device according to one of the Claims 1 until 24 . Piston device, preferably according to one of the Claims 1 until 24 , with a conveyor pipe and a feeder piston slidably mounted in the conveyor pipe, wherein the piston device, preferably the feeder piston and/or the conveyor pipe, is assigned a cutting device. Method for operating a piston device for a solid fuel burner, preferably for operating a piston device according to Claim 26 . Feeding device arrangement with a first feeding device according to one of the Claims 1 until 24 and with a second feeding device according to one of the Claims 1 until 24 , wherein the storage container (3) of the first feeding device and the storage container (3) of the second feeding device are formed by a common storage container (79). Feeding device arrangement according to Claim 28 , characterized in that both the first conveyor pipe (6) of the first feeding device (1) and the first conveyor pipe (6) of the second feeding device (1) are led out of the common storage container (79) and/or away from the common storage container (79). Storage container arrangement, preferably according to one of the Claims 19 until 24 , with a storage container (3) and a first agitator (67) and/or a second agitator (78), preferably identical in construction to the first agitator (67).

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