EP1528225B1 - Turbomachine and production method for a stator assembly - Google Patents

Turbomachine and production method for a stator assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1528225B1
EP1528225B1 EP03024662A EP03024662A EP1528225B1 EP 1528225 B1 EP1528225 B1 EP 1528225B1 EP 03024662 A EP03024662 A EP 03024662A EP 03024662 A EP03024662 A EP 03024662A EP 1528225 B1 EP1528225 B1 EP 1528225B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing ring
blade bearing
blade
pin
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03024662A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1528225A1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Metz
Dirk Frankenstein
Ralf Böning
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Inc
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BorgWarner Inc
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BorgWarner Inc filed Critical BorgWarner Inc
Priority to DE50304673T priority Critical patent/DE50304673D1/en
Priority to EP03024662A priority patent/EP1528225B1/en
Priority to JP2004281195A priority patent/JP2005127321A/en
Priority to US10/974,321 priority patent/US7303370B2/en
Publication of EP1528225A1 publication Critical patent/EP1528225A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1528225B1 publication Critical patent/EP1528225B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D17/00Regulating or controlling by varying flow
    • F01D17/10Final actuators
    • F01D17/12Final actuators arranged in stator parts
    • F01D17/14Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
    • F01D17/16Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
    • F01D17/165Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for radial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially parallel to the rotor centre line
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05DINDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00Application
    • F05D2220/40Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Turbomachines of this type are used, for example, as turbines, secondary air pumps, but especially in turbochargers. Specifically, it is a turbomachine with a turbine housing having at least one supply channel for a driving fluid, such as the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in which at least one turbine rotor is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation, the fluid surrounding the turbine rotor via a radially outer Guiding variable turbine geometry is fed.
  • a driving fluid such as the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in which at least one turbine rotor is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation, the fluid surrounding the turbine rotor via a radially outer Guiding variable turbine geometry is fed.
  • the guide grid has a blade bearing ring, on each of which on a respective axis a plurality of adjustable about their respective axis blades is mounted in an axially limited blade space around the turbine rotor, the exhaust gas is supplied via the blades in an adjustable amount, which blade bearing ring the forms an axial boundary of a blade space, and with a spacer means for securing an axial distance for the free movement of the blades, which spacer means at least one of the blade bearing ring passing through bolt, pin or the like. having.
  • Such a turbocharger and such a blade bearing ring has become known, for example, from EP-A-0 226 444 and US-A-5,146,752, respectively.
  • the axial dimension of the blade space is secured by bolts pushed over spacer distance-holding spacers, which of course must have a bolt diameter significantly exceeding the outer diameter.
  • the applicant has also proposed in an earlier application, integrally form spacers approximately in the shape of a knob with a ring, these spacers are each penetrated by a bolt.
  • document EP-A-0 226 444 and document US-A-3 645 645 show turbochargers with spacers between the sidewall delimiting a flow passage, which spacers are fixed on one side of the bucket laser rim side, either by screwing or press-fitting and thereby providing minimum clearances define the sidewalls.
  • the invention proceeds in a first step from the knowledge that the efficiency of a turbomachine naturally depends on the highest possible conversion of the energy present in the driving fluid into revolutions of the turbine wheel. each Disturbance or resistance within the flow path must therefore reduce the efficiency in an undesired manner. On the basis of this knowledge, it was examined in a further step how the flow in such a machine can be improved. It turned out that the distance sleeves or spacer knobs lying so far over the connecting bolt or pins around the turbine rotor and in particular in the connecting path between the supply channel and the turbine rotor cause a not inconsiderable vortex formation, which contributes to the reduction of the efficiency.
  • the problem thus found is now solved by the respective bolt, pin or the like.
  • itself is designed as a spacer device by one end used between the blade bearing ring and a part provided in the turbine housing and at least at the end by means of a contractible in the molten state, but then temperature-resistant bonding material is set to the axial distance of the blade storage space.
  • temperature-resistant bonding material is set to the axial distance of the blade storage space.
  • the bondable, but then heat-resistant, bonding material in the molten state can in principle be a brazing material because there are brazing materials that can withstand even the temperatures of a turbocharger (in other turbomachines with lower operating temperatures, this is not a problem anyway). However, it is preferred in general, if the determination of the distance is given by welding.
  • the bolt, pin or the like. at one end has a thread for screwing and only the other end is determined by means of the connecting material, especially as a backup against rotation of the respective bolt is given by the one-sided connection on the fusible connecting material yes.
  • the part provided in the turbine housing may be a wall of the turbine housing itself, but it is preferable if it is formed by a mounting ring opposite the vane bearing ring, because in this way a pre-assembly of the guide grid outside of the turbine housing can take place and the so-pre-assembled guide grid only needs to be fixed in the turbine housing needs.
  • the bolt or pin from the side of the part of the turbine housing, so the housing wall or the mounting ring ago, use and about the blade bearing ring with the help of the connecting material (in this case generally a brazing material) set. It is preferred, however, if the bolt, pin or the like. screwed into the blade bearing ring and fixed at the opposite end by means of the order in the molten state, but then temperature-resistant bonding material.
  • the connecting material in this case generally a brazing material
  • the pin, pin or the like. at least over the length of the blade storage space traversing an at least approximately directed against the axis of rotation flow profile, so for example. about a teardrop-shaped profile similar to about an aircraft or ship's hull possesses.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for producing a guide grid for a turbomachine according to the invention.
  • This method is characterized in that only between the blade bearing ring and the turbine housing (2) provided or to be provided part at least one removable spacer is used according to the desired nominal distance that the bolt, pin or the like. is then set to the distance determined so, and then the spacer is or will be removed.
  • a turbocharger 1 in a conventional manner a turbine housing part 2 and an associated compressor housing part 3, which are arranged along an axis of rotation R.
  • the turbine housing part 2 is partially shown in section, so that therein a vane ring 6 a radially outer guide vane forming, circumferentially distributed vanes 7 rotated about their the vane ring 6 passing through pivot axes 8 so that they form between each nozzle cross-sections, depending on the location the guide vanes 7, namely radially (as shown) or more tangential, larger or smaller and located in the middle of the axis R turbine rotor 4 more or less with the supplied via a supply channel 9 and discharged via a central port 10 exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine act on the turbine rotor 4 to drive a seated on the same shaft compressor rotor 21.
  • other fluids may be used.
  • an actuating device 11 is provided in order to control the movement or the position of the guide vanes 7, an actuating device 11 is provided.
  • This may be of any nature in itself, but it is preferred if it has, in a conventional manner, a control housing 12 which controls the control movement of a ram member 14 attached to its movement in a conventional manner to a behind the blade bearing ring 6 (left behind in Fig. 1) located adjusting ring 5 implement the same in a slight rotational movement.
  • the guide vanes 7 are adjusted relative to the turbine rotor 4 with respect to their rotational position via the shafts 8, so that they can be adjusted from an approximately tangentially extending one extreme position into an approximately radially extending other extreme position.
  • this blade space 13 may not be much larger than the width of the blades 7, because then the exhaust gas energy would suffer leakage.
  • the blade chamber 13 may not be too tight, because then the blades 7 could jam. This is also particularly important because it is precisely in the case of a turbocharger 1 by the hot exhaust gases with a certain thermal expansion of the material must be expected.
  • the turbine housing 2 is connected to a flange 17 in a rotor housing, from which a cylinder piece 40 protrudes into the turbine housing 2 and supports the shaft 35 of the turbine rotor 4.
  • the turbine housing 2 comprises the already mentioned, the turbine rotor 4 surrounding feed channel 9 for the turbine rotor 4 driving fluid, a rotor chamber 23 and the axial nozzle 10, through which the fluid or the exhaust gas is discharged again.
  • a device is provided at the outlet of the feed channel 9 or in front of the rotor chamber 23, which device is known in the art as the "variable turbine nozzle guide grid".
  • This guide grid essentially has a ring of movable, concentrically surrounding turbine rotor 4, of movable guide vanes 7 accommodated in a blade space 13, which are mounted on the adjusting shafts 8 (FIG. 1) firmly connected to them in a blade bearing ring 6 coaxially surrounding the turbine rotor 4.
  • the rotation or adjustment of the adjusting 8 can be done in a conventional manner on the actuator 11 to the control housing 12, which controls the control movement of the attached to her, only dash-dotted lines indicated plunger member 14th (Fig. 1) controls, the movement of which via an actuating lever 18, an associated with this actuating shaft 19 and, for example via an opening located in an opening of a blade ring 6 adjusting ring 5 eccentric 20 in a slight rotational movement of this ring 5 around the axis R is implemented.
  • openings (in Fig. 1: Slots in Part 5) of the adjusting ring 5 the free lever ends or heads of attached to the adjusting shafts 8 levers (in Fig. 1 left of the shaft 8) can be stored in a known manner.
  • the guide vanes 7 are adjusted relative to the turbine rotor 4 with respect to their rotational position via the shafts 8 in such a way that they can be adjusted from an approximately tangentially extending one extreme position into an approximately radially extending other extreme position.
  • the exhaust gas supplied via the supply channel of an internal combustion engine is supplied more or less to the turbine rotor 4, before it exits again at the axial connection piece 10 extending along the axis of rotation R.
  • All of these arrangements are known in principle.
  • the adjusting ring 5 via rolling elements 22 in a cage ring 23 on a shoulder 32 of the blade bearing ring 6 can be mounted rolling, as it corresponds to an older proposal of the Applicant.
  • a spacer screw 16 suitably from the side of the mounting ring 29 forth, screwed into a threaded bore 25 of the blade bearing ring 6.
  • the screw 16 is preferably a stud, commonly known as a worm or grub screw, and a headless one Screw represents.
  • the depth of penetration of the screw 16 into the bore 25 is not critical.
  • the stud 16 has preferably following the screw portion 26 has a smooth surface (ie in the blade storage chamber 13 without thread) to the flow as low as possible resistance oppose.
  • the cylindrical surface of the stud 16 expediently has a maximum roughness number Rz of 25, preferably of at most 16, on.
  • a spacer of the desired dimensions e.g. a piece of wood of the appropriate thickness or another body, used so that so that the desired width of the blade chamber 13 is determined. Then, this distance is secured by soldering or (preferably) welding the screw 16 with the aid of a weld 30, which at the same time also provides a security against rotation for the screw 16 and unintentional unscrewing from the threaded bore 2 5 i e hail of E shakes b zw. V vibrations are effectively avoided.
  • the existing wooden or other material spacer can then be easily removed after pre-assembly of the guide grid with the guide vanes 7. Just when the guide grid is pre-assembled before it pushes it into the turbine housing 2, can be used for the attachment of the softened connection material easily soldering or welding machines, so that the inventive method can be carried out inexpensively.
  • the arrangement could also be reversed by the screw 16 is screwed into the mounting ring 29 and welded to the blade bearing ring 6, but preferably is soldered. It would also be possible to form the bolt 16 without threads and to solder or weld at both ends. It will also be understood that spacer sleeves could be used on the spacer screws 16, but then they would not need to absorb axial forces and could therefore be thinner, i.e., less bulky. with less flow resistance than in the prior art, running. In this latter case, therefore, the spacers would not have to be removed. For such a remaining sleeve is then preferably the same, what was said above with respect to the surface of the stud and its smoothness.
  • An additional measure to improve the flow conditions from the supply channel 9 to the rotor chamber 23 may be located in that the bolt, pin or the like. 16 at least over the blade bearing space 13 traversing length has an at least approximately pointing against the axis of rotation R flow profile, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 3.
  • an approximately drop-shaped flow profile 31 is provided which points downward (with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3) in the direction of the axis of rotation R.
  • This embodiment also facilitates the partial application of the weld seam 30 ( Figure 2) between the end portion of the pin 16 and the inner surfaces of the same Bore of the mounting ring 29.
  • the flow profile can be optimized in the particular desired manner, as it is known from shipbuilding or aircraft, for example, by the upwardly facing side of the bolt 16 is more or less pointed.
  • a stud 16 has been shown as a spacer pin, in which the screw slot 33 is provided at the opposite end of the threaded portion 26 of the screw 16.
  • the screw slot 33 could also be provided at the same end.
  • a stud 16 could also use a cap screw, but so that the attachment of the weld 30 may be difficult or inefficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)

Description

Gebiet der Erfindung:Field of the invention:

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Strömungsmaschine nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a turbomachine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Strömungsmaschinen dieser Art finden Einsatz beispielsweise als Turbinen, Sekundärluftpumpen, insbesondere aber in Turboladern. Im einzelnen handelt es sich um eine Strömungsmaschine mit einem ein Turbinengehäuse mit mindestens einem Zufuhrkanal für ein treibendes Fluid, wie das Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors, in dem mindestens ein Turbinenrotor um eine Rotationsachse herum drehbar gelagert ist, dem das Fluid über ein den Turbinenrotor radial außen umgebenden Leitgitter variabler Turbinengeometrie zuführbar ist. Das Leitgitter weist einen Schaufellagerring auf, an dem jeweils an einer zugehörigen Achse eine Vielzahl von um ihre jeweilige Achse verstellbaren Schaufeln in einem axial begrenzten Schaufelraum rund um den Turbinenrotor gelagert ist, dem Abgas so über die Schaufeln in einstellbarer Menge zuführbar ist, welcher Schaufellagerring die eine axiale Begrenzung eines Schaufelraumes bildet, und mit einer Abstandhalteeinrichtung zur Sicherung eines axialen Abstandes für die freie Beweglichkeit der Schaufeln, welche Abstandhalteeinrichtung mindestens einen den Schaufellagerring durchsetzenden Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. aufweist.Turbomachines of this type are used, for example, as turbines, secondary air pumps, but especially in turbochargers. Specifically, it is a turbomachine with a turbine housing having at least one supply channel for a driving fluid, such as the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine in which at least one turbine rotor is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation, the fluid surrounding the turbine rotor via a radially outer Guiding variable turbine geometry is fed. The guide grid has a blade bearing ring, on each of which on a respective axis a plurality of adjustable about their respective axis blades is mounted in an axially limited blade space around the turbine rotor, the exhaust gas is supplied via the blades in an adjustable amount, which blade bearing ring the forms an axial boundary of a blade space, and with a spacer means for securing an axial distance for the free movement of the blades, which spacer means at least one of the blade bearing ring passing through bolt, pin or the like. having.

Hintergrund der ErfindungBackground of the invention

Ein derartiger Turbolader und ein derartiger Schaufellagerring ist beispielsweise aus der EP-A-0 226 444 bzw. der US-A-5,146,752 bekannt geworden. Dabei wird die axiale Dimension des Schaufelraumes durch auf Schraubbolzen darübergeschobene abstandhaltende Distanzhülsen gesichert, welche natürlich einen den Bolzendurchmesser deutlich übersteigenden Außendurchmesser besitzen müssen. Die Anmelderin hat auch in einer älteren Anmeldung vorgeschlagen, Abstandhalter etwa in Noppenform integral mit einem Ring auszubilden, wobei diese Abstandhalter jeweils von einem Bolzen durchsetzt werden.Such a turbocharger and such a blade bearing ring has become known, for example, from EP-A-0 226 444 and US-A-5,146,752, respectively. In this case, the axial dimension of the blade space is secured by bolts pushed over spacer distance-holding spacers, which of course must have a bolt diameter significantly exceeding the outer diameter. The applicant has also proposed in an earlier application, integrally form spacers approximately in the shape of a knob with a ring, these spacers are each penetrated by a bolt.

Ferner zeigt das Dokument EP-A-0 226 444 sowie das Dokument US-A-3 645 645 Turbolader mit Abstandshaltern zwischen den, einen Strömungskanal begrenzenden Seitenwänden, welche Abstandshalter einseitig auf der Schaufellaaerrinaseite festgelegt sind, entweder durch Einschrauben oder Einpressen und dadurch Minimalabstände zwischen den Seitenwänden definieren.Further, document EP-A-0 226 444 and document US-A-3 645 645 show turbochargers with spacers between the sidewall delimiting a flow passage, which spacers are fixed on one side of the bucket laser rim side, either by screwing or press-fitting and thereby providing minimum clearances define the sidewalls.

Die Dokumente US-A-5 207 565. EP-A-1 120 546. EP-A-1 099 838. US-A-4 702 672, US-A-6 312 217 und JP-A-60169604 zeigen Turbolader bei welchen die Seitenwände der Strömunaskanäle durch Distanzhalter auf Distanz gehalten werden, wobei EP-A-1 099 838 einen Distanzhalter beschreibt, der an den Seitenwänden verschweisst ist.Documents US-A-5 207 565, EP-A-1 120 546, EP-A-1 099 838, US-A-4 702 672, US-A-6 312 217 and JP-A-60169604 disclose turbochargers wherein the sidewalls of the flow channels are spaced by spacers, EP-A-1 099 838 describes a spacer welded to the sidewalls.

Kurzfassung der ErfindungSummary of the invention

Die Erfindung geht in einem ersten Schritt von der Erkenntnis aus, daß der Wirkungsgrad einer Strömungsmaschine natürlich von einer möglichst hohen Umsetzung der im treibenden Fluid vorhandenen Energie in Umdrehungen des Turbinenrades abhängt. Jede Störung bzw. jeder Widerstand innerhalb des Strömungspfades muß daher den Wirkungsgrad in unerwünschter W eise v ermindern. Auf G rund dieser Erkenntnis wurde in einem weiteren Schritt untersucht, wie die Strömung in einer derartigen Maschine verbessert werden kann. Dabei stellte sich heraus, daß die bisher über dem bzw. den verbindenden Bolzen liegenden Distanzhülsen bzw. Distanznoppen rund um den Turbinenrotor und insbesondere im Verbindungsweg zwischen Zufuhrkanal und Turbinenrotor eine nicht unerhebliche Wirbelbildung verursachen, die zur Verminderung des Wirkungsgrades beiträgt.The invention proceeds in a first step from the knowledge that the efficiency of a turbomachine naturally depends on the highest possible conversion of the energy present in the driving fluid into revolutions of the turbine wheel. each Disturbance or resistance within the flow path must therefore reduce the efficiency in an undesired manner. On the basis of this knowledge, it was examined in a further step how the flow in such a machine can be improved. It turned out that the distance sleeves or spacer knobs lying so far over the connecting bolt or pins around the turbine rotor and in particular in the connecting path between the supply channel and the turbine rotor cause a not inconsiderable vortex formation, which contributes to the reduction of the efficiency.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nun das so festgestellte Problem dadurch gelöst, daß der jeweilige Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. selbst als Abstandhalteeinrichtung ausgebildet ist, indem er zwischen dem Schaufellagerring und einem im Turbinengehäuse vorgesehenen Teil einenends eingesetzt und mindestens andernends mit Hilfe eines im geschmolzenen Zustand auftragbaren, aber sodann temperaturbeständigen Verbindungsmateriales auf den axialen Abstand des Schaufellagerraumes festgelegt ist. Damit liegt nur noch der Durchmesser des Bolzens oder Stiftes im Verbindungsweg des Fluides zum Turbinenrotor, d.h. es ergibt sich ein wesentlich geringerer Strömungswiderstand als bisher. Kurz gesagt, besteht die Erfindung in der Verwendung des Bolzens oder Stiftes selbst und ohne eine verdickende Ummantelung als Abstandhalter. Dabei soll unter "temperaturbeständig" ein Material verstanden werden, welches bei den im Betrieb der Strömungsmaschine, und insbesondere eines Turboladers, vorkommenden Temperaturen nicht die nötige Festigkeit verliert.According to the invention, the problem thus found is now solved by the respective bolt, pin or the like. itself is designed as a spacer device by one end used between the blade bearing ring and a part provided in the turbine housing and at least at the end by means of a contractible in the molten state, but then temperature-resistant bonding material is set to the axial distance of the blade storage space. Thus, only the diameter of the pin or pin in the path of communication of the fluid to the turbine rotor, i. This results in a much lower flow resistance than before. In short, the invention consists in the use of the bolt or pin itself and without a thickening sheath as a spacer. This is to be understood by "temperature resistant" a material which does not lose the necessary strength in the operation of the turbomachine, and in particular a turbocharger, occurring temperatures.

Das im geschmolzenen Zustand auftragbare, aber sodann temperaturbeständige Verbindungsmaterial kann im Prinzip ein Lötmaterial sein, weil es Lötmaterialien gibt, die selbst die Temperaturen eines Turboladers aushalten (bei anderen Strömungsmaschinen mit geringeren Betriebstemperaturen ist dies sowieso kein Problem). Bevorzugt ist es jedoch im allgemeinen, wenn die Festlegung der Entfernung durch Verschweißen gegeben ist.The bondable, but then heat-resistant, bonding material in the molten state can in principle be a brazing material because there are brazing materials that can withstand even the temperatures of a turbocharger (in other turbomachines with lower operating temperatures, this is not a problem anyway). However, it is preferred in general, if the determination of the distance is given by welding.

Zwar wäre es an sich möglich, den jeweiligen Bolzen an beiden Enden anzulöten oder anzuschweißen. Bevorzugt ist es jedoch, wenn der Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. einenends ein Gewinde zum Verschrauben aufweist und nur andernends mit Hilfe des Verbindungsmateriales festgelegt ist, zumal durch die einseitige Verbindung über das schmelzbare Verbindungsmaterial ja auch eine Sicherung gegen Verdrehen des jeweiligen Bolzens gegeben ist.Although it would be possible in itself to solder or weld the respective bolt at both ends. However, it is preferred if the bolt, pin or the like. at one end has a thread for screwing and only the other end is determined by means of the connecting material, especially as a backup against rotation of the respective bolt is given by the one-sided connection on the fusible connecting material yes.

Im Prinzip kann der der im Turbinengehäuse vorgesehene Teil eine Wandung des Turbinengehäuses selbst sein, doch ist es bevorzugt, wenn er von einem dem Schaufellagerring gegenüberliegender Montagering gebildet ist, weil auf diese Weise eine Vormontage des Leitgitters außerhalb des Turbinengehäuses erfolgen kann und das so vormontierte Leitgitter nur mehr im Turbinengehäuse befestigt zu werden braucht.In principle, the part provided in the turbine housing may be a wall of the turbine housing itself, but it is preferable if it is formed by a mounting ring opposite the vane bearing ring, because in this way a pre-assembly of the guide grid outside of the turbine housing can take place and the so-pre-assembled guide grid only needs to be fixed in the turbine housing needs.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es an sich durchaus möglich, den Bolzen oder Stift von der Seite des Teiles des Turbinengehäuses, also der Gehäusewand bzw. dem Montagering her, einzusetzen und etwa am Schaufellagerring mit Hilfe des Verbindungsmateriales (in diesem Falle im allgemeinen ein Lötmaterial) festzulegen. Bevorzugt ist es allerdings, wenn der Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. im Schaufellagerring eingeschraubt und am gegenüberliegenden Ende mit Hilfe des im geschmolzenen Zustand auftragbaren, aber sodann temperaturbeständigen Verbindungsmateriales befestigt ist.In the context of the invention, it is quite possible per se, the bolt or pin from the side of the part of the turbine housing, so the housing wall or the mounting ring ago, use and about the blade bearing ring with the help of the connecting material (in this case generally a brazing material) set. It is preferred, however, if the bolt, pin or the like. screwed into the blade bearing ring and fixed at the opposite end by means of the order in the molten state, but then temperature-resistant bonding material.

Um den Strömungswiderstand weiter herabzusetzen, ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung durchaus möglich, daß der Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. mindestens über die den Schaufellagerraum durchquerende Länge ein wenigstens annähernd gegen die Rotationsachse weisenden Strömungsprofil, also z.B. etwa ein tropfenförmiges Profil ähnlich etwa einem Flugzeug- oder Schiffrumpf, besitzt.In order to further reduce the flow resistance, it is quite possible in the context of the invention that the pin, pin or the like. at least over the length of the blade storage space traversing an at least approximately directed against the axis of rotation flow profile, so for example. about a teardrop-shaped profile similar to about an aircraft or ship's hull possesses.

Wie erwähnt, bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung auch auf ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Leitgitters für eine erfindungsgemäße Strömungsmaschine. Dieses Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß erst zwischen Schaufellagerring und dem im Turbinengehäuse (2) vorgesehenen bzw. vorzusehenden Teil mindestens ein entfernbarer Abstandhalter entsprechend dem gewünschten SOLL-Abstand eingesetzt wird, daß der Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. erst dann auf die so bestimmte Entfernung festgelegt wird, worauf der bzw. die Abstandhalter entfernt wird bzw. werden.As mentioned, the present invention also relates to a method for producing a guide grid for a turbomachine according to the invention. This method is characterized in that only between the blade bearing ring and the turbine housing (2) provided or to be provided part at least one removable spacer is used according to the desired nominal distance that the bolt, pin or the like. is then set to the distance determined so, and then the spacer is or will be removed.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Weitere Einzelheiten d er E rfindung e rgeben s ich a us der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles.Further details of the invention will be found in the following description of a preferred embodiment shown schematically in the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Turbolader in Perspektivansicht, teilweise im Schnitt, an dem die vorliegende Erfindung zur Anwendung kommt; und
Fig. 2
einen vergrößerten Schnitt, welcher die Abstandhalteeinrichtung gemäß der Erfindung veranschaulicht; und
Fig. 3
einen gegenüber Fig. 2 vergrößerten Schnitt durch eine besondere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Abstandhaltebolzens nach der Linie III-III der Fig. 2.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a turbocharger in perspective view, partially in section, to which the present invention is applied; and
Fig. 2
an enlarged section illustrating the spacer device according to the invention; and
Fig. 3
a comparison with FIG. 2 enlarged section through a particular embodiment of a spacer bolt according to the invention along the line III-III of Fig. 2nd

Detaillierte Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDetailed description of the drawings

Gemäß Fig. 1 weist ein Turbolader 1 in üblicher Weise einen Turbinengehäuseteil 2 und einen damit verbundenen Kompressorgehäuseteil 3 auf, die entlang einer Rotationsachse R angeordnet sind. Der Turbinengehäuseteil 2 ist teilweise im Schnitt gezeigt, so daß darin ein Schaufellagerring 6 ein radial äußeres Leitgitter bildende, über den Umfang verteilte Leitschaufeln 7 um ihre den Schaufellagerring 6 durchsetzenden Schwenkachsen 8 verdreht, so daß sie zwischen einander Düsenquerschnitte bilden, die je nach der Lage der Leitschaufeln 7, nämlich radial (wie dargestellt) oder mehr tangential, größer oder kleiner sind und den in der Mitte an der Achse R gelegene Turbinenrotor 4 mehr oder weniger mit dem über einen Zufuhrkanal 9 zugeführten und über einen zentralen Stutzen 10 abgeführten Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors beaufschlagen, um über den Turbinenrotor 4 einen auf derselben Welle sitzenden Kompressorrotor 21 anzutreiben. Es versteht sich, daß im Falle anderer Strömungsmaschinen mit einem Leitgitter variabler Geometrie auch andere Fluide zum Einsatz kommen können.1, a turbocharger 1 in a conventional manner a turbine housing part 2 and an associated compressor housing part 3, which are arranged along an axis of rotation R. The turbine housing part 2 is partially shown in section, so that therein a vane ring 6 a radially outer guide vane forming, circumferentially distributed vanes 7 rotated about their the vane ring 6 passing through pivot axes 8 so that they form between each nozzle cross-sections, depending on the location the guide vanes 7, namely radially (as shown) or more tangential, larger or smaller and located in the middle of the axis R turbine rotor 4 more or less with the supplied via a supply channel 9 and discharged via a central port 10 exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine act on the turbine rotor 4 to drive a seated on the same shaft compressor rotor 21. It is understood that in the case of other turbomachinery with a variable geometry guide grid, other fluids may be used.

Um die Bewegung bzw. die Lage der Leitschaufeln 7 zu steuern, ist eine Betätigungseinrichtung 11 vorgesehen. Diese kann an sich beliebiger Natur sein, doch ist es bevorzugt, wenn sie, in an sich herkömmlicher Weise, ein Steuergehäuse 12 aufweist, das die Steuerbewegung eines an ihr befestigten Stößelgliedes 14 steuert, dessen Bewegung in an sich bekannter Weise auf einen hinter dem Schaufellagerring 6 (links dahinter in Fig. 1) gelegenen Verstellring 5 in eine leichte Drehbewegung desselben umzusetzen. Durch diese Drehbewegung werden über die Wellen 8 die Leitschaufeln 7 hinsichtlich ihrer Drehlage relativ zum Turbinenrotor 4 so verstellt, daß sie aus einer etwa tangential verlaufenden einen Extremstellung in eine etwa radial verlaufende andere Extremlage verstellbar sind. Dadurch wird das über den Zufuhrkanal zugeführte Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors mehr oder weniger dem Turbinenrotor 4 zugeführt, bevor es bei dem sich entlang der Drehachse R erstreckenden Axialstutzen 10 wieder austritt. An Stelle von ein Drehmoment übertragenden Wellen 8 ist es auch bekannt (US-A-4,300,869), einen bloßen Achsstummel vorzusehen, und die Betätigung der Schaufeln über Schlitze oder Nuten vorzunehmen.In order to control the movement or the position of the guide vanes 7, an actuating device 11 is provided. This may be of any nature in itself, but it is preferred if it has, in a conventional manner, a control housing 12 which controls the control movement of a ram member 14 attached to its movement in a conventional manner to a behind the blade bearing ring 6 (left behind in Fig. 1) located adjusting ring 5 implement the same in a slight rotational movement. As a result of this rotational movement, the guide vanes 7 are adjusted relative to the turbine rotor 4 with respect to their rotational position via the shafts 8, so that they can be adjusted from an approximately tangentially extending one extreme position into an approximately radially extending other extreme position. As a result, the exhaust gas supplied via the supply channel of an internal combustion engine is supplied more or less to the turbine rotor 4, before it exits again at the axial connection piece 10 extending along the axis of rotation R. Instead of a torque transmitting shaft 8, it is also known (US-A-4,300,869), a mere Provide stub axle, and make the operation of the blades via slots or grooves.

Zwischen dem Schaufellagerring 6 und einem ringförmigen Teil 15 des Turbinengehäuseteiles 2 verbleibt ein relativ schmaler Raum 13 um den Schaufeln 7 eine freie Beweglichkeit zu gestatten. Natürlich darf dieser Schaufelraum 13 nicht wesentlich größer als die Breite der Schaufeln 7 sein, weil dann die Abgasenergie Leckverluste erleiden würde. Anderseits darf der Schaufelraum 13 aber auch nicht zu knapp bemessen sein, weil dann die Schaufeln 7 klemmen könnten. Dies ist auch deshalb besonders bedeutsam, weil ja gerade im Falle eines Turboladers 1 durch die heißen Abgase mit einer gewissen Wärmedehnung des Materials gerechnet werden muß.Between the vane ring 6 and an annular part 15 of the turbine housing part 2 remains a relatively narrow space 13 to allow the blades 7 a free mobility. Of course, this blade space 13 may not be much larger than the width of the blades 7, because then the exhaust gas energy would suffer leakage. On the other hand, the blade chamber 13 may not be too tight, because then the blades 7 could jam. This is also particularly important because it is precisely in the case of a turbocharger 1 by the hot exhaust gases with a certain thermal expansion of the material must be expected.

Um daher diesen Schaufelraum 13 bzw. den Abstand des Schaufellagerringes 6 vom gegenüberliegenden Lagerring 15 des Turbinengehäuses 2 zu sichern, ohne dabei eine starke Verwirbelung der aus dem Zufuhrkanal 9 zum Turbinenrotor 4 strömenden Abgase in Kauf nehmen zu müssen, wird erfindungsgemäß als Abstandhalter mindestens ein relativ dünner Befestigungsbolzen 16 verwendet, dessen Befestigung nun an Hand der Fig. 2 geschildert werden soll.Therefore, in order to secure this blade space 13 or the distance of the blade bearing ring 6 from the opposite bearing ring 15 of the turbine housing 2, without having to accept a strong turbulence of the flowing from the supply channel 9 to the turbine rotor 4 exhaust gases, according to the invention as a spacer at least one relatively thin fastening bolts 16 used, the attachment will now be described with reference to FIG. 2.

Gemäß F ig. 2 ist d as T urbinengehäuse 2 m it e inem F lansch 17 e ines L agergehäuses verbunden, von dem ein Zylinderstück 40 in das Turbinengehäuse 2 ragt und die Welle 35 des Turbinenrotors 4 lagert. Das Turbinengehäuse 2 umfaßt den bereits erwähnten, den Turbinenrotor 4 umgebenden Zufuhrkanal 9 für das den Turbinenrotor 4 antreibende Fluid, einen Rotorraum 23 und den Axialstutzen 10, durch welchen das Fluid bzw. das Abgas wieder abgegeben wird.According to F ig. 2, the turbine housing 2 is connected to a flange 17 in a rotor housing, from which a cylinder piece 40 protrudes into the turbine housing 2 and supports the shaft 35 of the turbine rotor 4. The turbine housing 2 comprises the already mentioned, the turbine rotor 4 surrounding feed channel 9 for the turbine rotor 4 driving fluid, a rotor chamber 23 and the axial nozzle 10, through which the fluid or the exhaust gas is discharged again.

Um dem Turbinenrotor 4 Fluid in geregelter bzw. gesteuerter Menge zuzuführen, ist am Ausgang des Zufuhrkanales 9 bzw. vor dem Rotorraum 23 eine Einrichtung vorgesehen, die in der Fachwelt unter der Bezeichnung "Leitgitter variabler Turbinengeometrie" bekannt ist. Dieses Leitgitter weist im wesentlichen einen den Turbinenrotor 4 konzentrisch umgebenden Kranz von beweglichen, in einem Schaufelraum 13 untergebrachten Leitschaufeln 7 auf, die an den mit ihnen fest verbundenen Verstellwellen 8 (Fig. 1) in einem den Turbinenrotor 4 koaxial umgebenden Schaufellagerring 6 gelagert sind.In order to supply fluid to the turbine rotor 4 in a controlled or controlled amount, a device is provided at the outlet of the feed channel 9 or in front of the rotor chamber 23, which device is known in the art as the "variable turbine nozzle guide grid". This guide grid essentially has a ring of movable, concentrically surrounding turbine rotor 4, of movable guide vanes 7 accommodated in a blade space 13, which are mounted on the adjusting shafts 8 (FIG. 1) firmly connected to them in a blade bearing ring 6 coaxially surrounding the turbine rotor 4.

Die Verdrehung bzw. Verstellung der Verstellwellen 8 kann in an sich bekannter Weise über die Betätigungseinrichtung 11 mit dem Steuergehäuse 12 erfolgen, das die Steuerbewegung des an ihr befestigten, lediglich strich-punktiert angedeuteten Stößelgliedes 14 (Fig. 1) steuert, dessen Bewegung über einen Betätigungshebel 18, eine mit diesem verbundene Betätigungswelle 19 und beispielsweise über einen in eine Öffnung eines hinter dem Schaufellagerring 6 gelegenen Verstellringes 5 eingreifenden Exzenter 20 in eine leichte Drehbewegung dieses Ringes 5 rund um die Achse R umgesetzt wird. In Öffnungen (in Fig. 1: Schlitze im Teil 5) des Verstellringes 5 können in bekannter Weise die freien Hebelenden oder Köpfe von an den Verstellwellen 8 befestigten Hebeln (in Fig. 1 links der Welle 8) gelagert sein.The rotation or adjustment of the adjusting 8 can be done in a conventional manner on the actuator 11 to the control housing 12, which controls the control movement of the attached to her, only dash-dotted lines indicated plunger member 14th (Fig. 1) controls, the movement of which via an actuating lever 18, an associated with this actuating shaft 19 and, for example via an opening located in an opening of a blade ring 6 adjusting ring 5 eccentric 20 in a slight rotational movement of this ring 5 around the axis R is implemented. In openings (in Fig. 1: Slots in Part 5) of the adjusting ring 5, the free lever ends or heads of attached to the adjusting shafts 8 levers (in Fig. 1 left of the shaft 8) can be stored in a known manner.

Durch diese Drehbewegung werden über die Wellen 8 die Leitschaufeln 7 hinsichtlich ihrer Drehlage relativ zum Turbinenrotor 4 so verstellt, daß sie aus einer etwa tangential verlaufenden einen Extremstellung in eine etwa radial verlaufende andere Extremlage verstellbar sind. Dadurch wird das über den Zufuhrkanal zugeführte Abgas eines Verbrennungsmotors mehr oder weniger dem Turbinenrotor 4 zugeführt, bevor es bei dem sich entlang der Drehachse R erstreckenden Axialstutzen 10 wieder austritt. All diese Anordnungen sind im Prinzip bekannt. Dabei kann der Verstellring 5 über Wälzkörper 22 in einem Käfigring 23 auf einer Schulter 32 des Schaufellagerringes 6 abrollend gelagert sein, wie es einem älteren Vorschlag der Anmelderin entspricht.As a result of this rotational movement, the guide vanes 7 are adjusted relative to the turbine rotor 4 with respect to their rotational position via the shafts 8 in such a way that they can be adjusted from an approximately tangentially extending one extreme position into an approximately radially extending other extreme position. As a result, the exhaust gas supplied via the supply channel of an internal combustion engine is supplied more or less to the turbine rotor 4, before it exits again at the axial connection piece 10 extending along the axis of rotation R. All of these arrangements are known in principle. In this case, the adjusting ring 5 via rolling elements 22 in a cage ring 23 on a shoulder 32 of the blade bearing ring 6 can be mounted rolling, as it corresponds to an older proposal of the Applicant.

Um nun die axiale (bezogen auf die Achse R) Dimension des Schaufelraumes 13 zu sichern, ist es vorteilhaft, an Stelle der Begrenzung desselben einerseits durch den Schaufellagerring 6 und anderseits durch den von einer Ringwand des Turbinengehäuses 2 gebildeten Lagerring 15 einen Montagering 29 zwischenzuschalten, der beispielsweise auf einer ringförmigen Schulter 24 des Turbinengehäuses bzw. der Lagerwand 15 aufgeschoben wird. Denn auf diese Weise ist es möglich, den Schaufellagerring 6 mit dem darauf reitenden Verstellring 5 auf der einen Seite, samt den Schaufel 7 und dem Montagering 29 auf der anderen Seite vorzumontieren und dann (vor dem Montieren des Lagergehäuses mit dem Teil 40) in das Turbinengehäuse 2 bzw. die Ringschulter 24 einzuschieben.In order to secure the axial (with respect to the axis R) dimension of the blade chamber 13, it is advantageous to interpose a mounting ring 29 instead of limiting it on the one hand through the blade bearing ring 6 and on the other hand through the bearing ring 15 formed by an annular wall of the turbine housing 2, which is pushed, for example, on an annular shoulder 24 of the turbine housing or the bearing wall 15. Because in this way it is possible to vorzumontieren the blade bearing ring 6 with the adjusting ring 5 riding on it on one side, together with the blade 7 and the mounting ring 29 on the other side and then (before mounting the bearing housing with the part 40) in the Insert turbine housing 2 or the annular shoulder 24.

Um dabei den nötigen axialen Abstand für den Schaufelraum 13 zu sichern, wird bei der Vormontage eine Abstandhalteschraube 16, zweckmäßig von der Seite des Montageringes 29 her, in eine Gewindebohrung 25 des Schaufellagerringes 6 eingeschrauft. Die Schraube 16 ist vorzugsweise eine Stiftschraube, die gemeinhin auch als Wurm- oder Madenschraube bekannt ist und eine kopflose Schraube darstellt. Dabei ist die Tiefe des Eindringens der Schraube 16 in die Bohrung 25 nicht kritisch. Die Stiftschraube 16 weist bevorzugt im Anschluß an den Schraubabschnitt 26 eine glatte Oberfläche auf (ist also im Schaufellagerraum 13 ohne Gewinde), um der Strömung einen möglichst geringen Widerstand entgegenzusetzen. Dabei weist die zylindrische Oberfläche der Stiftschraube 16 zweckmäßig eine maximale Rauhigkeitszahl Rz von 25, bevorzugt von maximal 16, auf.In order to secure the necessary axial distance for the blade chamber 13, during the pre-assembly, a spacer screw 16, suitably from the side of the mounting ring 29 forth, screwed into a threaded bore 25 of the blade bearing ring 6. The screw 16 is preferably a stud, commonly known as a worm or grub screw, and a headless one Screw represents. The depth of penetration of the screw 16 into the bore 25 is not critical. The stud 16 has preferably following the screw portion 26 has a smooth surface (ie in the blade storage chamber 13 without thread) to the flow as low as possible resistance oppose. In this case, the cylindrical surface of the stud 16 expediently has a maximum roughness number Rz of 25, preferably of at most 16, on.

Anschließend wird in den Schaufellagerraum 13 ein Abstandhalter mit den gewünschten Maßen, z.B. ein Holzstück der entsprechenden Dicke oder ein anderer Körper, eingesetzt, so daß damit die SOLL-Breite des Schaufelraumes 13 bestimmt wird. Sodann wird dieser Abstand durch Verlöten oder (bevorzugt) Verschweißen der Schraube 16 mit Hilfe einer Schweißnaht 30 gesichert, wobei sich gleichzeitig auch eine Verdrehungssicherung für die Schraube 16 ergibt und ein unbeabsichtigtes Herausdrehen aus der Gewindebohrung 2 5 i nfolge von E rschütterungen b zw. V ibrationen w irksam vermieden i st. Der aus Holz oder einem anderen Material bestehende Abstandhalter kann dann nach der Vormontage des Leitgitters mit den Leitschaufeln 7 einfach entfernt werden. Gerade wenn das Leitgitter vormontiert wird, bevor man es in das Turbinengehäuse 2 einschiebt, lassen sich für die Anbringung des erweichten Verbindungsmaterials leicht Löt- bzw. Schweißautomaten benutzen, so daß das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kostengünstig durchgeführt werden kann.Subsequently, a spacer of the desired dimensions, e.g. a piece of wood of the appropriate thickness or another body, used so that so that the desired width of the blade chamber 13 is determined. Then, this distance is secured by soldering or (preferably) welding the screw 16 with the aid of a weld 30, which at the same time also provides a security against rotation for the screw 16 and unintentional unscrewing from the threaded bore 2 5 i efolge of E shakes b zw. V vibrations are effectively avoided. The existing wooden or other material spacer can then be easily removed after pre-assembly of the guide grid with the guide vanes 7. Just when the guide grid is pre-assembled before it pushes it into the turbine housing 2, can be used for the attachment of the softened connection material easily soldering or welding machines, so that the inventive method can be carried out inexpensively.

Es versteht sich, daß die Anordnung auch umgekehrt sein könnte, indem die Schraube 16 in den Montagering 29 eingeschraubt und am Schaufellagerring 6 verschweißt, bevorzugt aber verlötet wird. Auch wäre es möglich, den Bolzen 16 ohne Gewinde auszubilden und an beiden Enden zu verlöten oder zu verschweißen. Ferner ist verständlich, daß man auch Distanzhülsen an den Abstandschrauben 16 verwenden könnte, doch bräuchten diese dann keine Axialkräfte aufzunehmen und könnten daher dünner, d.h. mit weniger Strömungswiderstand als beim Stand der Technik, ausgeführt werden. In diesem letzteren Fall müssten also die Abstandhalter gar nicht entfernt werden. Für eine solche verbleibende Hülse gilt dann vorzugsweise dasselbe, was oben hinsichtlich der Oberfläche der Stiftschraube und deren Glätte gesagt wurde.It is understood that the arrangement could also be reversed by the screw 16 is screwed into the mounting ring 29 and welded to the blade bearing ring 6, but preferably is soldered. It would also be possible to form the bolt 16 without threads and to solder or weld at both ends. It will also be understood that spacer sleeves could be used on the spacer screws 16, but then they would not need to absorb axial forces and could therefore be thinner, i.e., less bulky. with less flow resistance than in the prior art, running. In this latter case, therefore, the spacers would not have to be removed. For such a remaining sleeve is then preferably the same, what was said above with respect to the surface of the stud and its smoothness.

Eine zusätzliche Maßnahme zur Verbesserung der Strömungsverhältnisse vom Zufuhrkanal 9 zum Rotorraum 23 kann darin gelegen sein, daß der Bolzen, Stift od.dgl. 16 mindestens über die den Schaufellagerraum 13 durchquerende Länge ein wenigstens annähernd gegen die Rotationsachse R weisendes Strömungsprofil besitzt, wie dies an Hand der Fig. 3 veranschaulicht ist. Dabei ist anschließend an den kreisrunden Gewindeabschnitt 26 der Schraube 16 ein etwa tropfenförmiges Strömungsprofil 31 vorgesehen, welches nach unten (bezogen auf die Fig. 2 und 3) in Richtung auf die Rotationsachse R weist. D iese A usbildung e rleichtert a uch d ie t eilweise E inbringung d er S chweißnaht 30 (Fig. 2) zwischen den Endabschnitt des Bolzens 16 und die Innenflächen der ihn aufnehmenden Bohrung des Montageringes 29. Das Strömungsprofil kann dabei in der jeweils gewünschten Weise optimiert werden, wie es aus dem Schiffsbau oder dem Flugzeugbau bekannt ist, beispielsweise indem auch die nach oben weisende Seite des Bolzens 16 mehr oder weniger zugespitzt wird.An additional measure to improve the flow conditions from the supply channel 9 to the rotor chamber 23 may be located in that the bolt, pin or the like. 16 at least over the blade bearing space 13 traversing length has an at least approximately pointing against the axis of rotation R flow profile, as illustrated with reference to FIG. 3. In this case, following the circular threaded portion 26 of the screw 16, an approximately drop-shaped flow profile 31 is provided which points downward (with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3) in the direction of the axis of rotation R. This embodiment also facilitates the partial application of the weld seam 30 (Figure 2) between the end portion of the pin 16 and the inner surfaces of the same Bore of the mounting ring 29. The flow profile can be optimized in the particular desired manner, as it is known from shipbuilding or aircraft, for example, by the upwardly facing side of the bolt 16 is more or less pointed.

In jedem Falle ist ersichtlich, daß durch die Verwendung nur eines Bolzens (Schraube, Stift od.dgl.), an Stelle eines solchen mit einer ihn umgebenden Ummantelung für die Abstandssicherung, der Strömungswiderstand vermindert wird. Im Prinzip würde es evt. genügen, nur den Abstand an der Einmündung des Zufuhrkanales 9 so zu sichern, wogegen an anderen Stellen eine herkömmliche Abstandssicherung vorgesehen werden kann, doch versteht es sich, daß es bevorzugt ist, wenn der Abstand über den ganzen Umfang des Schaufellagerringes 6 gegenüber dem Montagering 29 bzw. dem von einer Turbinengehäusewand gebildeten Lagerring 15 (Fig. 1) in der erfindungsgemäßen Weise gesichert wird.In any case, it can be seen that by the use of only one bolt (screw, pin or the like.), Instead of such with a surrounding sheath for the distance assurance, the flow resistance is reduced. In principle, it would possibly suffice to secure only the distance at the mouth of the feed channel 9, whereas at other locations a conventional distance assurance can be provided, but it is understood that it is preferable if the distance over the entire circumference of Shovel bearing ring 6 relative to the mounting ring 29 and the bearing ring 15 formed by a turbine housing wall (FIG. 1) is secured in the manner according to the invention.

In Fig. 2 wurde eine Stiftschraube 16 als Abstandhaltebolzen gezeigt, bei welcher der Schraubenschlitz 33 an dem dem Gewindeabschnitt 26 gegenüberliegenden Ende der Schraube 16 vorgesehen ist. Dies ist natürlich nicht unbedingt erforderlich, vielmehr könnte der Schraubenschlitz 33 auch am selben Ende vorgesehen werden. Statt einer Stiftschraube 16 ließe sich auch eine Kopfschraube verwenden, doch wird damit die Anbringung der Schweißnaht 30 unter Umständen schwieriger oder ineffizienter.In Fig. 2, a stud 16 has been shown as a spacer pin, in which the screw slot 33 is provided at the opposite end of the threaded portion 26 of the screw 16. Of course, this is not absolutely necessary, but the screw slot 33 could also be provided at the same end. Instead of a stud 16 could also use a cap screw, but so that the attachment of the weld 30 may be difficult or inefficient.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11 Turboladerturbocharger 22 Turbinengehäuseturbine housing 33 Kompressorgehäusecompressor housing 44 Turbinenrotorturbine rotor 55 Verstellringadjusting 66 SchaufellagerringNozzle ring 77 Schaufelnshovel 88th Welle v. 7Wave v. 7 99 Zufuhrkanalsupply channel 1010 zentraler Stutzencentral spigot 1111 Betätigungseinrichtungactuator 1212 Steuergehäusecontrol housing 1313 Schaufelraumblade space 1414 Stößelgliedplunger member 1515 Lagerring v. 2.Bearing ring v. Second 1616 AbstandhaltebolzenSpacer bolts 1717 Flanschflange 1818 Betätigungshebelactuating lever 1919 Betätigungswelleactuating shaft 2020 Exzentereccentric 2121 Kompressorrotorcompressor rotor 2222 Wälzkörperrolling elements 2323 Käfigringcage ring 2424 ringförmige Schulterannular shoulder 2525 Gewindebohrung v. 6Threaded hole v. 6 2626 Gewindeabschnitt v. 16Thread section v. 16 2929 Montageringmounting ring 3030 SchweißnahtWeld 3131 Strömungsprofilflow profile 3232 Schultershoulder 3333 Schraubenschlitzscrew slot 3535 Welle v. 4Wave v. 4 4040 Zylinderstück des LagergehäusesCylinder piece of the bearing housing

Claims (8)

  1. Turbo machine which has the following:
    a turbine housing (2) having at least one feed channel (9) for a driving fluid, in which
    at least one turbine rotor (4) is mounted so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation, and to which the fluid can be fed via a stator assembly of variable turbine geometry which surrounds the turbine rotor (4) radially on the outside, which stator assembly has a blade bearing ring (6) on which, in each case on an associated axis (6), a multiplicity of blades (7) adjustable about their respective axis (8) is mounted in an axially limited blade space (13) around the turbine rotor (4), to which blade space fluid can be fed via the blades (7) in an adjustable amount, which blade bearing ring (6) forms the one axial limitation of the blade space (13), and having a spacer device for ensuring an axial spacing for the free mobility of the blades (7), which spacer device has at least one bolt, pin or the like (16) passing through the blade bearing ring, and a mounting ring (29), characterized in that the spacer device is formed by the bolt or pin (16) itself, which firstly is screwed into the blade bearing ring (6) and secondly engages the mounting ring (29) and is welded to it on the side remote from the blade bearing ring.
  2. Turbo machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form of a turbocharger (1) having a compressor rotor (21) fitting on the shaft (35) of the turbine rotor (4).
  3. Turbo machine according to either of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the pin (16) has, at one end, a thread (26) for screwing.
  4. Turbo machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pin (16) is in the form of a stud bolt.
  5. Turbo machine according to any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the part provided in the turbine housing (2) is a mounting ring (29) opposite the blade bearing ring (6).
  6. Turbo machine according to any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the pin (16) has, at least over the length traversing the blade bearing space (13), a smooth surface, for example having a peak-to-valley height of not more than 25, in particular of not more than 16, and/or has a flow profile (31) directed at least approximately against the axis of rotation (R).
  7. Method for the production of a stator assembly according to any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that first at least one spacer corresponding to the desired theoretical distance between blade bearing ring (6) and mounting ring (29) is inserted between blade bearing ring (6) and the mounting ring (29), and in that thereafter the bolt or pin (16) are fixed together with the blade bearing ring (6) and the mounting ring (29) to the distance thus determined, whereupon the removable spacer or spacers is or are removed.
  8. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the stator assembly is preassembled with compliance with the steps of Claim 7 and only thereafter is inserted into the turbine housing (2).
EP03024662A 2003-10-27 2003-10-27 Turbomachine and production method for a stator assembly Expired - Fee Related EP1528225B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE50304673T DE50304673D1 (en) 2003-10-27 2003-10-27 Turbomachine and method for producing a Leitgitters
EP03024662A EP1528225B1 (en) 2003-10-27 2003-10-27 Turbomachine and production method for a stator assembly
JP2004281195A JP2005127321A (en) 2003-10-27 2004-09-28 Fluid flow engine and method of manufacturing guide grille
US10/974,321 US7303370B2 (en) 2003-10-27 2004-10-27 Fluid flow engine and method of producing a guiding grid

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03024662A EP1528225B1 (en) 2003-10-27 2003-10-27 Turbomachine and production method for a stator assembly

Publications (2)

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EP1528225A1 EP1528225A1 (en) 2005-05-04
EP1528225B1 true EP1528225B1 (en) 2006-08-16

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EP (1) EP1528225B1 (en)
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US7918023B2 (en) 2007-02-08 2011-04-05 Honeywell International Inc. Method for manufacturing a variable-vane mechanism for a turbocharger

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DE102005001864B3 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-01-12 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Turbine housing for exhaust gas supercharger has spacing elements with recesses enabling direct application of exhaust gas flow to holding elements
EP1676980B1 (en) 2004-12-28 2015-10-14 BorgWarner, Inc. Turbocharger with variable geometry turbine
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US20050169748A1 (en) 2005-08-04
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DE50304673D1 (en) 2006-09-28

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