DE102021114028A1 - Method for measuring individual driver vision and reaction abilities and for adapting integrated vehicle devices accordingly - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for adapting integrated vehicle devices to a driver's vision and reaction abilities, wherein the vehicle has a user interface designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver; is;- each test measurement includes a simultaneous display of two matching or non-matching test characters on two integrated display devices of the vehicle with different display image distances to the driver and receiving a response input from the driver for a recognized (non-)match;- an individual ability to accommodate and/or reaction strength of the driver is determined by an evaluation based on a predetermined ranking; and- depending on this, at least one integrated driver assistance system of the vehicle is adjusted in a fully automated manner.

Description

technical field

The invention relates to a method for adapting integrated vehicle devices such as display devices and driver assistance systems to a driver's individual visual and reaction abilities. The method can be used in particular in a motor vehicle, but also in any other type of land, air or water vehicle. The invention also relates to a control unit set up for carrying out the method and to a vehicle equipped with it.

Technical background

With increasing age, drivers lose the ability to accommodate to nearby objects, while the reaction time to a (especially visual) stimulus increases. Often there is also a lack of knowledge and the method of how an older driver in particular can adapt the displays or the driver assistance systems in the vehicle to his needs.

Modern motor vehicles make a number of integrated display devices available to a driver. In addition to direct-view displays, which can take over the functions of an instrument cluster, a central information display for infotainment such as navigation and radio, or a mirror replacement system, projection display devices such as head-up displays (HUD) are increasingly being used, in which the driver can change the direction in which he is looking and thus the position of his head can maintain when driving the vehicle because the information is projected directly into his field of vision when looking through the windscreen.

Depending on the design of the projection display device, displays can be displayed at different distances from the driver's eye box, i. H. to a spatial area in the vehicle intended for his eyes. With known projection display devices, for example, fixed or adjustable display image distances of approximately one meter, of a few meters or—for example with a waveguide-based projection display device—infinity can be achieved. In contrast, display image distances to display surfaces installed in the interior of the vehicle are typically only about 500 to 1000 mm.

In addition to display devices such as head-up displays, various driver assistance systems are also used in modern motor vehicles. These are additional electronic devices to support the driver in certain driving situations, for example to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle in front, etc. Safety aspects are often in the foreground, but also the increase in driving comfort.

In the case of integrated display devices known from the prior art, such as head-up displays, the selection of the optimal visual representation in relation to one's own vision is at best made independently by selection in an on-board menu provided for this purpose according to the driver's own assessment. In the prior art, the adaptation of driver assistance systems to one's own needs is at best done individually via buttons or menu options provided for this purpose.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for improved adaptation of integrated vehicle devices such as display devices and driver assistance systems to a driver's individual visual and reaction abilities. It is also the object of the invention to specify a control unit set up for carrying out the method and a vehicle equipped therewith.

Disclosure of Invention

This object is achieved by a method for adapting integrated vehicle devices to individual accommodation and reaction abilities, visual acuity and/or color vision deficiency of a driver according to the independent claims and a corresponding control unit and a vehicle equipped therewith according to the independent claims.

Further developments are specified in the dependent claims. All further features and effects mentioned in the claims and the following description for the method also apply in relation to the control unit and to the vehicle, and vice versa.

According to a first aspect and its first variant, a method for adapting integrated, i. H. Vehicle devices (such as display devices and driver assistance systems) that are at least partially permanently installed in the vehicle are provided for individual accommodation and reaction abilities of a driver. The vehicle can in particular be a motor vehicle, but alternatively also any other land, air or water vehicle.

In this case, the vehicle has at least one user interface that is provided for receiving finite inputs of the driver is formed. In particular, this can involve user interfaces in the form of rotary knobs, buttons and/or integrated speech recognition devices that are completely integrated in the vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, however, a user interface can also be implemented in an occupant's mobile device (such as a smartphone, etc.) that is connected to the vehicle in terms of information technology.

• Auf eine über die mindestens eine Benutzerschnittstelle empfangene vordefinierte Akkommodationstest-Starteingabe des Fahrers hin wird eine Messreihe zur Ermittlung einer individuellen Akkommodationsfähigkeit und/oder Reaktionsstärke des Fahrers durchgeführt, die mehrere (beispielsweise eine vordefinierte Anzahl von) Testmessungen umfasst.

The procedure includes the following steps:

• In response to a predefined accommodation test start input received from the driver via the at least one user interface, a series of measurements is carried out to determine the driver's individual ability to accommodate and/or reaction strength, which includes several (for example a predefined number of) test measurements.

Each of these test measurements includes a simultaneous display of two matching or non-matching test characters on two integrated display devices of the vehicle, which have different display image distances from the driver. Furthermore, each test measurement includes receiving an associated response input from the driver via the at least one user interface. The possible response inputs that are intended to signal a recognized match or non-match of the displayed test characters are predefined.

An individual accommodation ability and/or reaction strength of the driver is then determined by comparing the received response inputs with specified correct response inputs for each displayed test character pair and by evaluating the comparison results of the measurement series based on a specified ranking. The ranking can have been obtained, for example, from a representative study carried out beforehand on a suitable large number of subjects using this accommodation test.

Subsequent to this evaluation, at least one integrated driver assistance system—and optionally also one or more integrated display devices—of the vehicle is adjusted in a fully automated manner depending on the determined individual ability to accommodate and/or reaction strength of the driver and thereby adapted to it. In particular, several and ideally all driver assistance systems (and additional display devices) of the vehicle can be adapted to the driver in this way, which can be adjusted to adapt to the driver's individual ability to accommodate and/or reaction strength.

One idea of the method proposed here is to independently and objectively measure the driver's individual vision and reaction abilities in a test implemented in the vehicle and, depending on the test result obtained, to automatically and simultaneously adapt all correspondingly adjustable integrated vehicle devices to the driver's needs.

With this method, the adaptation of the integrated vehicle devices to the driver's individual vision and reaction abilities is made independent of the driver's knowledge and skills. Inadequate or incorrect settings by the driver can thereby be circumvented. The resulting improvement in the visual systems and driver assistance systems in the vehicle, which makes it easier for the driver to control the vehicle, not only supports the driver himself, but also indirectly protects all other road users.

In particular, the test character pair to be displayed in a test measurement can be selected from a predetermined set of test characters by a random mechanism (i.e. in a randomized manner) under the condition that the measurement series (at least approximately) has the same number of pairs with matching and non-matching test characters. As a result, the test result can be made more precise and objectified because the driver has the same number of opportunities to recognize matching and non-matching test characters.

Said adjustment of at least one of the integrated driver assistance systems of the vehicle can in particular include the adjustment of an adjustable minimum warning threshold and/or time period of an output of this driver assistance system intended for the driver to the determined individual ability to accommodate and/or reaction strength of the driver. As a result, particularly slow drivers, for example, no longer have the option of selecting use of the vehicle with the lowest or "strictest" threshold values. Alternatively or additionally, in the case of one or more integrated display devices, for example, the display image distances can be adjusted according to the determined individual ability of the driver to accommodate.

The test characters can be standardized visual test characters, for example. In order to obtain a particularly reliable test result, For example, the so-called Landolt rings known to those skilled in the art can be used. A Landolt ring has a standardized size and a ring opening of standardized relative size at a predefined angular position in the ring to be seen by the tested person. Typically, a test includes Landolt rings with eight different angular positions of the ring openings as different test characters: top, bottom, left, right and each in the middle.

According to one embodiment, one of the two display devices mentioned above is formed by a projection display device integrated in the vehicle, which is used to generate a virtual or real display image in the driver's field of vision in an image plane outside the vehicle (with a correspondingly large display image distance of, for example, more than one meter to towards infinitely far away from the driver). The projection display device can in particular be a head-up display of the type mentioned at the outset.

Alternatively, it can also be a so-called matrix LED headlight or a similar pixel-generating projection display device, which can project a display image onto a suitable background, such as a dark roadway, in front of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the second of the two display devices mentioned is designed to generate a (real or virtual) display image for the driver in an image plane lying within the vehicle (i.e. with a correspondingly small display image distance from the driver). In particular, this can be a direct view display integrated in the vehicle with a real image plane in its display area.

According to a second variant of the first aspect, a method for adapting integrated vehicle devices—in this case the display devices—of a vehicle to an individual visual acuity of a driver is provided. This method can stand alone. Advantageously, however, it forms a preliminary stage of the above first variant of the method in order to adapt the display devices to the driver's individual visual acuity before the accommodation test, which is determined as a measure of his visual acuity, and thus to further increase the precision of the accommodation test.

• Auf eine über die mindestens eine Benutzerschnittstelle empfangene vordefinierte Visustest-Starteingabe des Fahrers hin wird eine Messreihe aus mehreren Testmessungen durchgeführt. Jede Testmessung umfasst dabei das Anzeigen eines vordefinierten Satzes (d. h. Sets) von unterschiedlichen Testzeichen gemäß einem gleichen vordefinierten Visus durch eine integrierte Anzeigevorrichtung des Fahrzeugs sowie das Empfangen (über die mindestens eine Benutzerschnittstelle) einer Zeichenerkennungs-Eingabe des Fahrers für jedes angezeigte Testzeichen. Bei den Testzeichen kann es sich auch hier um genormte Sehtestzeichen, insbesondere um die oben erwähnten Landolt-Ringe, handeln. Die möglichen Zeichenerkennungs-Eingaben, die der Fahrer eingeben kann, sind dabei vordefiniert (beispielsweise: „oben“, „unten“, „rechts“, „unten links“ usw. für die oben genannten acht verschiedenen Landolt-Ringe zum Eingeben durch Spracherkennung oder einen Drehknopf).

Similar to the first variant, the vehicle also has at least one user interface here, which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver. The procedure includes the following steps:

• In response to a predefined vision test start input received from the driver via the at least one user interface, a measurement series made up of a number of test measurements is carried out. Each test measurement includes displaying a predefined set (ie sets) of different test characters according to the same predefined visual acuity by an integrated display device of the vehicle and receiving (via the at least one user interface) a character recognition input from the driver for each test character displayed. Here, too, the test symbols can be standardized visual test symbols, in particular the Landolt rings mentioned above. The possible character recognition inputs that the driver can enter are predefined (e.g.: “top”, “bottom”, “right”, “bottom left”, etc. for the eight different Landolt rings mentioned above for input by voice recognition or a knob).

The received character recognition inputs from the driver are compared with predefined correct character recognition inputs for the displayed test characters and then further test measurements are carried out for a lower or higher predefined visual acuity in each case until the greatest visual acuity is determined with a completely recognized sentence. This defines the individual vision of the driver.

At least one integrated display device of the vehicle is then adjusted in a fully automated manner as a function of the determined individual visual acuity of the driver and thereby adapted to it. In particular, several and ideally all display devices of the vehicle can be adapted to the driver in this way, which can be adjusted to adapt to the driver's individual visual acuity.

Otherwise, everything that was said above in relation to the first variant of the method can also apply analogously to the second variant of the method. In order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the relevant statements above.

In particular, the adjustment of at least one of the integrated display devices of the vehicle can include scaling a display image size and/or character size and/or display image distance generated by this display device according to the determined individual visual acuity of the driver.

In particular, the determined individual visual acuity of the driver can also be compared with a predefined standard visual acuity and, if a deviation is determined as a result, a correspondingly predefined notification or information output to the driver can be generated. This output can be acoustic and/or visual, for example.

According to a third variant of the first aspect, a method is provided for adapting integrated vehicle devices—in this case the display devices—of a vehicle to an individual color vision deficiency of a driver. This method can also be provided on its own. However, it advantageously forms a preliminary stage of the above first and/or second variant of the method in order to adapt the display devices to the driver's possible color vision deficiency before the visual acuity and/or accommodation test and thus further increase the precision of the visual acuity or accommodation test.

• Auf eine über die mindestens eine Benutzerschnittstelle empfangene vordefinierte Farbtest-Starteingabe des Fahrers hin werden eine oder mehrere vordefinierte Testmessungen zur Feststellung einer individuellen Farbenfehlsichtigkeit, insbesondere einer Rot-/Grün-Sehschwäche, des Fahrers durchgeführt. Jede Testmessung umfasst dabei das Anzeigen vordefinierter Farbtestzeichen durch eine integrierte Anzeigevorrichtung des Fahrzeugs und das Empfangen (über die mindestens eine Benutzerschnittstelle) einer Zeichenerkennungs-Eingabe des Fahrers für jedes angezeigte Farbtestzeichen.

Similar to the first and second variant above, the vehicle also has at least one user interface here, which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver. The procedure includes the following steps:

• In response to a predefined color test start input received from the driver via the at least one user interface, one or more predefined test measurements are carried out to determine an individual color vision deficiency, in particular a red/green visual impairment, of the driver. Each test measurement includes displaying predefined color test characters by an integrated display device of the vehicle and receiving (via the at least one user interface) a character recognition input from the driver for each displayed color test character.

The received character recognition inputs from the driver are compared with predefined correct character recognition inputs and an individual color vision deficiency is determined on the basis of deviations. Standard color test characters known per se to a person skilled in the art, for example, or the like can be represented as color test characters.

If an individual color vision defect is determined, at least one integrated display device of the vehicle is then adjusted in a fully automated manner such that the affected colors are replaced by other colors in their display and/or are also graphically coded in a color-independent manner for better recognition. In particular, several and ideally all display devices of the vehicle can be adapted to the driver in this way, which can be adjusted to adapt to the driver's ametropia.

For example, if red/green poor vision is determined, these colors can be systematically replaced by (purely as an example) yellow and blue in the image-generating system of the respective display device, or they can be double-coded graphically, for example by red lines and areas being drawn through/continuously and green lines and areas are shown dashed/hatched.

Otherwise, everything that was said above in relation to the first and/or second variant of the method can also apply analogously to the third variant of the method. In order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the relevant statements above.

In each of the three variants of the method described here, all integrated display devices of the vehicle that are not used for this test can remain switched off, in particular while the respective test is being carried out. This avoids visually distracting the driver from the test.

Alternatively or additionally, before and during the execution of the respective test, a predefined area surrounding the image plane used in each case can be monitored for compliance with predefined visual requirements in terms of its darkness and/or homogeneity, and the test can be aborted if these requirements are not met. This can further increase the precision and correctness of the respective test result.

According to one embodiment of the method, the adjustments of integrated vehicle devices described herein and/or associated results of the respective test can be stored inside the vehicle in a driver profile assigned to the respective driver. In this embodiment, each time the vehicle is switched on again, before the affected vehicle devices are switched on, a predefined procedure for selecting a driver profile assigned to the current driver is first automatically activated. The procedure can include, for example, an acoustic and/or visual request from the driver who has boarded to select the driver profile assigned to him and the provision of corresponding selection input options. Only after the selection has been made are the adjustments of the relevant vehicle devices retained or changed in accordance with the selected driver profile. This avoids inappropriate adjustment of the vehicle equipment when there are different drivers.

Alternatively or additionally, predefined age data of a driver of the vehicle can also be stored inside the vehicle, which is used to monitor the aging of the driver in an automated manner and, after a predefined age threshold for the driver has been exceeded, an indication that an accommodation and/or visual acuity test is being carried out output is generated.

According to a further aspect, a control unit is provided which is designed and set up to automatically carry out a method of the type presented here.

According to a further aspect, a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle or any other land, air or water vehicle, is provided. The vehicle includes at least one integrated display device configured to present content to a driver and at least one user interface configured to receive predefined inputs from the driver. Furthermore, the vehicle has the above control unit of the type set forth herein.

character list

• 1 eine seitliche Querschnittsansicht eines Fahrzeugs der hierin dargelegten Art mit integrierten Fahrzeugeinrichtungen wie Anzeigevorrichtungen und Fahrerassistenzsystemen sowie einer Steuerungseinheit, die zum automatischen Ausführen eines Verfahrens der hierin dargelegten Art ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist; und
• 2 ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens der hierin dargelegten Art zur Anpassung integrierter Fahrzeugeinrichtungen an individuelle Seh- und Reaktionsfähigkeiten eines Fahrers.

The above aspects of the invention and its various variants, embodiments and specific configurations are explained in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the accompanying drawings. For reasons of clarity, the drawings are at least purely schematic and are therefore not to be understood as true to scale. Show it:

• 1 a side cross-sectional view of a vehicle of the type set out herein with integrated vehicle devices such as display devices and driver assistance systems and a control unit that is designed and set up for automatically executing a method of the type set out herein; and
• 2 a flow chart of a method of the type set out herein for adapting integrated vehicle devices to individual vision and reaction abilities of a driver.

Description of Embodiments

1 shows in a highly simplified schematic lateral cross-sectional view an example of a vehicle 1 with integrated vehicle devices that include multiple display devices (not shown in detail) and multiple driver assistance systems 2 (only indicated symbolically). Two of the display devices mentioned are designed to generate content for a driver of the vehicle 1 in respectively associated image planes 31 and 32 .

In this example, the image plane 31 is a virtual image plane located outside the vehicle 1 of a first display device designed as a projection display device (in this case as a head-up display, HUD), which is used to generate display content at a comparatively large display image distance of about 2, 3 m from a driver's eye-box 4 is used. Image plane 32, on the other hand, is formed by a display surface of a second display device, which is designed as a freely programmable instrument cluster (FPC) inside vehicle 1 and has a correspondingly smaller display image distance from eye box 4 of the driver.

Furthermore, the vehicle has at least one user interface 5 (only indicated symbolically), which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver. It can be, for example, an integrated speech recognition device and/or a button that enables a defined input of eight different directional displays.

Furthermore, the vehicle 1 has a control unit 6 which is designed and set up to automatically execute a method of the type presented here for adapting the integrated vehicle devices mentioned to the driver's individual visual and reaction abilities. The procedure is described below for the in 1 illustrated example using a flowchart according to 2 explained.

This example involves a two-stage method for measuring visual acuity (visual acuity) as a preliminary stage and a subsequent measurement of the driver's ability to accommodate and react. As described in detail above, the method also includes a corresponding adjustment of the displays of all integrated display devices to the determined individual visual acuity of the driver and the adjustment of all driver assistance systems to the determined accommodation and reaction strength of the driver.

For the visual acuity and accommodation tests described in detail below, in the present example, the 1 described display devices - the HUD and the FPK - used, such as those provided in modern vehicles. The above-mentioned Landolt rings with a visual acuity of 0.7 and above are displayed as test signs.

• Vorstufe (Visustest):
  • In einem ersten Schritt S1 werden die bisherigen Anzeigen im Fahrzeug 1 deaktiviert, d. h. ausgeschaltet. Nur auf dem HUD werden nun in einem weiteren Schritt S2 Landolt-Ringe (Testzeichen) im Visus von 0,7 angezeigt.
  • Dabei wird in diesem Beispiel im Rahmen jeder Testmessung für einen vordefinierten Visus ein Satz (Reihe) von fünf (optional auch mehr oder
  • weniger) nacheinander angezeigten Landolt-Ringen in der Bildebene 31 des HUDs dargestellt und zugehörige Zeichenerkennungs-Eingaben des Fahrers über die Benutzerschnittstelle 5 empfangen.

The driver can start the vision test setup by voice command or under vehicle settings with a predefined vision test start input (step S0). The two stages of the eye test called up by this are described in detail below:

• Preliminary stage (vision test):
  • In a first step S1, the previous displays in the vehicle 1 are deactivated, ie switched off. In a further step, S2 Landolt rings (test signs) with a visual acuity of 0.7 are now only displayed on the HUD.
  • In this example, as part of each test measurement for a predefined visual acuity, a set (row) of five (optionally more or
  • less) consecutively displayed Landolt rings in the image plane 31 of the HUD and receive associated character recognition inputs from the driver via the user interface 5 .

In a further step S3, a comparison with predefined correct character recognition inputs for the respective Landolt rings is used to check whether the driver has read the displayed set of five Landolt rings with the respective orientation of the ring opening (eight directions in simple directional information are possible: top/bottom left/right/...) can play back correctly. If this is not the case, a change is made to the next smaller (or larger if the sentence is error-free) predefined visual acuity of 0.6 and a corresponding test measurement (step S2) is carried out until a sentence recognized without errors and having the greatest visual acuity is determined.

After the driver's individual visual acuity has been determined in this way, in a further step S4 the driver is optionally, d. H. if there is a deviation from a predefined standard visual acuity (e.g. 0.7), it is recommended by a country-specific, predefined note or information output to have an eye correction carried out or to wear appropriate glasses. In any case, the integrated display devices of the vehicle are adjusted in a subsequent step S5 depending on this, for example scaled proportionally to the test result to the individual needs of the driver, so that from now on larger letters are displayed.

• Nun folgt in einem weiteren Schritt S6 (gegebenenfalls auf eine fahrzeugseitig generierte Nachfrage und fahrerseitige Bestätigung durch eine vordefinierte Akkommodationstest-Starteingabe) eine Messreihe von rein beispielhaft zehn Testmessungen von Landolt-Ringen, welche jeweils vorne in der Bildebene 31 des HUDs und gleichzeitig dazu jeweils auch in der Bildebene 32 des FPK angezeigt werden. Dabei sind die Orientierungen randomisiert, wobei innerhalb der zehn Messungen 50% der angezeigten Landolt-Ringe in beiden Bildebenen 31 und 32 gleichsinnig orientiert sind.

Accommodation test:

• Now, in a further step S6 (possibly following a request generated by the vehicle and confirmation by the driver by a predefined accommodation test start input), a measurement series of purely exemplary ten test measurements of Landolt rings follows, which are each at the front in the image plane 31 of the HUD and at the same time can be displayed in the image plane 32 of the FPK. The orientations are randomized, with 50% of the displayed Landolt rings in both image planes 31 and 32 being oriented in the same direction within the ten measurements.

The driver's task is to give the response inputs predefined for a detected match or mismatch (in this example by pressing predefined steering wheel buttons) as quickly as possible in order to confirm with the left button in this example that the rings are different and confirm the same orientation with the right button.

In a further step S7, the measurement result of the measurement series that has been worked out is evaluated and ranked from a previously carried out study. The system can then make a statement as to whether the driver reacts quickly or whether he reacts more slowly compared to all drivers or his age group. In other words, an individual accommodation ability and/or reaction strength of the driver can be determined.

As a result, in a subsequent step S8, all driver assistance systems 2 of the vehicle 1 are automatically reset (adjusted) by the result achieved. For example, a driver who is slow to react is warned early after the measurement with a lane departure warning, lane change warning or the ACC function (Adaptive Cruise Control, also known as adaptive cruise control) in order to give him more time before he can react as necessary. The lowest warning level (e.g. a so-called bar ACC) can no longer be selected. On the other hand, a quick-reacting driver can continue to determine his warning thresholds himself and receives a message generated by the vehicle that he can also select the lowest warning levels.

Optionally, a test similar to the visual acuity test for red/green visual impairments can be carried out as a preliminary stage in order to subsequently replace all red and green colors in the system based on the result or, for example, to encode them twice (green lines dashed, red lines solid and thicker , Etc.).

Reference List

1

vehicle

2

driver assistance systems

31

Image plane of the HUD

32

Image plane of the freely programmable instrument cluster (FPK)

4

Driver's eye box

5

user interface

6

control unit

Claims (11)

A method for adapting integrated vehicle devices to individual accommodation and reaction capabilities of a driver, wherein - The vehicle (1) has at least one user interface (5) which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver; - a series of measurements made up of a plurality of test measurements is carried out in response to a predefined accommodation test start input by the driver (S6); - Each test measurement comprises a simultaneous display of two matching or non-matching test characters on two integrated display devices of the vehicle (1) with mutually different display image distances to the driver and receiving a response input from the driver which is predefined for a detected match or non-match; - an individual accommodation ability and/or reaction strength of the driver is determined by comparing the received response inputs with specified correct response inputs for each displayed test character pair and by evaluating the comparison results of the series of measurements using a specified ranking (S7); and - At least one integrated driver assistance system (2) of the vehicle (1) is adjusted in a fully automated manner depending on the determined accommodation ability and/or reaction strength of the driver (S8). procedure after claim 1 , where - the test character pair to be displayed in a test measurement is selected from a predetermined set of test characters by a random mechanism under the condition that the measurement series has the same number of pairs with matching and non-matching test characters. procedure after claim 1 or 2 wherein - one of the two display devices is formed by a projection display device which is integrated in the vehicle (1) and is designed to generate a virtual or real display image in the driver's field of vision in an image plane (31) lying outside the vehicle (1); while - the second display device is designed to generate a display image for the driver in an image plane (32) inside the vehicle (1), in particular in a display surface of a direct-view display integrated in the vehicle (1). Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein - the adjustment of at least one of the integrated driver assistance systems (2) of the vehicle (1) includes the adjustment of an adjustable minimum warning threshold and/or time period of an output of this driver assistance system (2) intended for the driver to the determined individual accommodation ability and/or reaction strength of the driver. Method for adapting integrated vehicle devices of a vehicle (1) to an individual visual acuity of a driver, which method preferably forms a preliminary stage of a method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - The vehicle (1) has at least one user interface (5) which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver; - A series of measurements made up of a plurality of test measurements is carried out in response to a predefined vision test start input from the driver; - each test measurement comprises displaying a predefined set of different test characters for a same predefined acuity by an integrated display device of the vehicle (1) and receiving a character recognition input from the driver for each displayed test character (S2); - the received character recognition inputs are compared with predefined correct character recognition inputs for the respective test characters and test measurements for a lower or higher predefined visual acuity are carried out until an individual visual acuity of the driver is determined as the greatest visual acuity with a fully recognized sentence becomes (S3); and - Depending on this at least one integrated display device of the vehicle (1) is adjusted in a fully automated manner (S5). procedure after claim 5 , wherein - the adjustment of at least one of the integrated display devices of the vehicle (1) includes a scaling of a display image size and/or character size and/or display image distance according to the determined individual visual acuity of the driver; and/or if the determined individual visual acuity of the driver deviates from a predefined standard visual acuity, a correspondingly predefined message or information is output to the driver (S4). Method for adapting integrated vehicle devices of a vehicle (1) to an indi visual color vision deficiency of a driver, which method preferably forms a preliminary stage of a method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein - the vehicle (1) has at least one user interface (5) which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver; - In response to a predefined color test start input by the driver, one or more test measurements are carried out to determine an individual color vision deficiency, in particular a red/green visual impairment, of the driver; - each test measurement comprises displaying predefined color test characters by an integrated display device of the vehicle (1) and receiving character recognition input from the driver for each displayed color test character; - the received character recognition inputs are compared with predefined correct character recognition inputs and an individual color vision deficiency is determined on the basis of deviations; and - if an individual color vision defect is determined, at least one integrated display device of the vehicle (1) is adjusted in a fully automated manner in such a way that the affected colors in its display are replaced by other colors and/or are also graphically encoded in a color-independent manner for better recognition . Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein - during the execution of the respective test, all the onboard display devices of the vehicle (1) that are not used for this test remain switched off (S1); and or - before and during the execution of the respective test, a predefined surrounding area of the respectively used image plane is monitored for fulfillment of predefined visual requirements in terms of its darkness and/or homogeneity and the test is terminated if these requirements are not met. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein - the said adjustments of integrated vehicle devices and/or associated results of the respective test are stored inside the vehicle in a driver profile assigned to the respective driver; and each time the vehicle (1) is switched on again, before the relevant vehicle devices are switched on, a predefined procedure for selecting a driver profile assigned to the current driver is first automatically activated, whereupon the adjustments of the relevant vehicle devices are retained or changed according to the selected driver profile; and or - Vehicle-internal predefined age data of a driver of the vehicle (1) are stored, on the basis of which the aging of the driver is monitored in an automated manner and after a predefined age threshold for the driver has been exceeded, an output indicating the implementation of an accommodation and/or visual acuity test is generated. Control unit (6) which is designed and set up to automatically carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims. Vehicle (1), in particular a motor vehicle, comprising: - at least one integrated display device, which is designed to display content for a driver; - Has at least one user interface (5) which is designed to receive predefined inputs from the driver; and - a control unit (6). claim 10 .

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