DE102021100317A1 - Non-load-bearing, space-enclosing exterior wall - Google Patents

Abstract

Non-load-bearing building wall, in particular an outer wall of a building, for enclosing a room, with at least a first supporting structure, which is fastened between a ceiling and a floor of the room, at least a first paneling on the side of the supporting structure facing away from the room, a second paneling on the side of the supporting structure facing the room Side of the supporting structure, at least a first insulating layer and an outer covering, characterized in that
a) the first planking is held by the supporting structure and at least partially protrudes beyond the outside of the room to be closed off in at least one direction;
b) the first insulation layer is arranged between the first and the second skin; and
c) the outer cladding is fastened either directly or indirectly via the first cladding to the supporting structure, or the first cladding forms the outer cladding.

Description

The present invention relates to a non-load-bearing building wall, in particular an outer wall of a building, for enclosing a room, with at least a first supporting structure, which is fastened between a ceiling and a floor of the room, at least a first planking on the side of the supporting structure facing away from the room, a second planking on the side of the supporting structure facing the room, at least a first insulating layer and an outer covering.

Non-bearing walls of buildings in dry construction have long been known and available on the market. They typically comprise a post structure, such as a metal post framework, inserted between the floor and ceiling of a room, which is provided with planking on both sides. The cavity between the skins can be filled with an acoustically insulating material. Such walls are regularly used in the interior of buildings.

From the U.S. 4,869,037 A structures for a non-load-bearing outer wall of the type mentioned are known. The outer wall is in two parts and comprises a moisture-proof inner wall part, which is fastened to beams extending between floor and ceiling, and a moisture-permeable outer wall part, which forms the outer cladding (façade) and which is fastened to the outside of the floor and ceiling end faces of a building storey is on. The inner wall part can be formed by panels fixed on the outside and inside of the beams.

From the DE 42 02 175 A1 a wall construction of an outer wall for buildings in skeleton construction is known. The outer wall has a large-area cover plate that closes off the outer wall and is fastened to the outside of the building skeleton and thus directly to the load-bearing structure of the building. The cover plate is provided with a needle felt on the outside, on which a plaster is applied. On the inside of the cover plate there is a chip insulation layer made of loose wood chips, a sound insulation layer and a wood fiber board. The inner fiberboard is set up in the room to be locked.

The present invention is based on the object of providing a wall construction which is particularly suitable for an outer wall enclosing a room, which can be used universally and whose structural design and assembly is simple, so that it can be produced cheaply and quickly.

1. a) die erste Beplankung von der Tragkonstruktion gehalten ist und die Außenseite des abzuschließenden Raumes in mindestens einer Richtung zumindest teilweise überragt;
2. b) die erste Dämmschicht zwischen der ersten Beplankung und der zweiten Beplankung angeordnet ist; und
3. c) die äußere Verkleidung wahlweise unmittelbar oder über die erste Beplankung mittelbar an der Tragkonstruktion befestigt ist oder die erste Beplankung die äußere Verkleidung bildet.

The object is achieved with a building wall of the type mentioned with the features of claim 1 in that

1. a) the first planking is held by the supporting structure and at least partially protrudes beyond the outside of the room to be closed off in at least one direction;
2. b) the first insulation layer is arranged between the first skin and the second skin; and
3. c) the outer cladding is fastened either directly or indirectly via the first cladding to the supporting structure, or the first cladding forms the outer cladding.

Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

The first and second planking can, for example, each consist of individual panels or of individual panels joined together to form larger panels. The first insulating layer between the first skin and the second skin may be formed from one or more insulating materials. The insulating effect is usually a heat-insulating effect, but can also (additionally) be a noise-insulating effect. Solid insulating boards or mats, for example, but also bulk material in the form of flakes or chips can be considered as insulating materials.

A support structure is understood here and below to mean any type of structure, in particular with supports/posts and/or beams, which are suitable for carrying paneling between a ceiling and a floor of the room to be closed off.

An outer cladding is understood here and in the following in particular to mean the facade of an outer wall. In the case of building walls that separate a thermally insulated part of the building from a non-thermally insulated part of the building inside a large hall, for example an office wing from a warehouse or factory building, the side facing away from the part of the building to be insulated is considered the side with the outer cladding. The thermal insulation and fire protection and/or soundproofing properties of the building wall according to the invention are just as advantageous for such an application inside a building as for an outside wall of a building.

The outer cladding can be formed, for example, with a plaster base plate including plaster, but also with other suitable materials such as glass, ceramics, metal or wood. The outer cladding can in particular also be formed directly by the first skin.

In contrast to those from U.S. 4,869,037 A and the DE 42 02 175 A1 Previously known exterior walls are in the building wall according to the invention, all surface parts, so the planking and the outer cladding held by a single supporting structure, which has no supporting function for the building itself, but solely supports the building wall or building outer wall including the outer cladding. Fastening the outer cladding to the first planking or supporting structure avoids fastening to structural parts of a building such as structural walls, ceilings or floors. This means that special connection parts for the outer cladding on the load-bearing parts of the building can be dispensed with. For this reason alone, the wall construction is simplified so that it can be assembled more quickly and manufactured more cheaply.

Due to the fact that the outer cladding, in principle the facade, does not have to be attached to load-bearing parts of the building, the building wall according to the invention can be used in connection with a large number of types of building construction. Thus, the building wall according to the invention can be used not only in buildings with a skeleton construction, but also in buildings with load-bearing walls. The requirements for the mechanical strength of the outer cladding are independent of the building structure, since the outer cladding is attached directly or indirectly to the supporting structure between the floor and ceiling of the room to be closed, resulting in significantly smaller distances between individual attachment points on the supporting structure. It is thus possible to also close off large building openings or passage openings with the building wall according to the invention, without the demands on the inherent strength of the facade/outer cladding becoming excessively high.

It is also possible to provide windows and doors or other facade elements in the building wall according to the invention, in which the supporting structure is adjusted accordingly and, if necessary, is designed so that it provides a fastening option for the windows, doors or other facade elements to be used. This is not readily possible with the previously known outer wall constructions.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a second insulating layer is arranged between the first planking and the outer paneling. The second insulating layer can consist of the same material or the same material as the first insulating layer or of a different material or a different material composition, with the same or a different thickness than the first insulating layer. The second insulation layer can be firmly connected to the outer paneling or be part of it. In this case, the outer cladding and the second insulating layer are attached in one step, so that the second insulating layer can be installed without additional work.

In a preferred embodiment, the building wall comprises a second supporting structure on the side of the second paneling facing the room. The second planking is placed in front of the second planking as viewed from the room and carries a third planking on its side facing the room. This makes it possible, in particular, to arrange a third insulation layer between the second and the third planking. This third insulating layer can be made from a wide variety of materials and can fulfill different tasks. In particular, it can be used to ensure additional acoustic insulation, so that such an outer wall can also be used on busy roads or next to factory premises. In this context, it has been found that an air gap between the second and the third paneling further improves the insulation, since it brings about additional thermal and acoustic decoupling.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the second and/or third skin is constructed in multiple layers. In this way, panels with different functions can be connected to one another. For example, viewed from the inside to the outside, one or more panels can have a fire protection panel and a soundproofing panel in succession. The fire protection board and the soundproofing board can consist of plasterboard with different thicknesses and/or different densities, for example. Commercial densities are, for example, between 550 kg/m ³ and 1150 kg/m ³ . The preferred thickness of the panels is between 8 mm and 20 mm.

The first planking can advantageously be formed with a wood cement panel, such as a cement-bonded particle board sold by the Siniat company under the ^Duripanel® brand. Wood cement panels are particularly stable, fireproof, durable, soundproof and weather-resistant and are therefore particularly suitable for the outer paneling of an outer wall. The preferred thickness of the wood cement board is between 8mm and 18mm.

In a further preferred embodiment of the building wall according to the invention, the outer cladding is part of a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS). A thermal insulation composite system has, for example, insulation on the inside, which is attached to a plaster base plate and forms a functional unit with it. The plaster base plate can already be provided with a plastered reinforcement fabric on the outside. The assembly of the facade is thus further simplified and accelerated, since no additional second insulating layer has to be attached manually between the first planking and the outer cladding. The preferred overall thickness of the outer skin in this form is between 50mm and 100mm.

In a further embodiment, a planking, in particular the second planking on the outside, can be provided with a vapor barrier in the form of a film. This effectively protects the room from penetrating moisture.

Preferably, at least one of the insulating layers is formed with at least one stone wool partition panel. Stone wool partition panels of different formats can be useful, depending on the format of the supporting structure. The stone wool partition panels are inserted into the compartments of the supporting structure between the planking. Depending on the area of application, insulation with mineral wool can also be advantageous. In contrast to stone wool, mineral wool is lighter and therefore easier to process. Rock wool, on the other hand, offers better insulation, especially sound insulation. The preferred thickness of the insulation layers is between 40 mm and 90 mm.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first and/or the second support structure is formed from at least one U-profile attached to the ceiling and at least one U-profile attached to the floor and at least one C-profile arranged in between. The C-profile is attached to the U-profiles or inserted into them. The planking can be attached to the U-profiles and/or the C-profile, attachment to the C-profile or C-profiles being preferred. The C-profiles and U-profiles are preferably formed from metal stands, for example from sheet steel. In principle, however, the support structure can also be made of wood or some other structurally suitable material.

The support structure can also be designed differently, as long as the basic structure of the building wall according to the invention is possible with it. It is also conceivable, for example, for the U-profiles to be fastened to the side of the room walls and for the C-profiles to run through the wall horizontally instead of vertically. Likewise, depending on individual requirements, an inclined installation of the profiles, similar to a framework, could be advantageous. Any combination of the different constructions can also be advantageous, especially if the wall is to have windows, doors or other facade elements. For example, above a door or below a window, a horizontally extending metal beam may be secured between two vertical metal beams.

A non-load-bearing building wall according to the invention can, in particular, also be composed of a number of units connected to one another in a modular manner. In particular, the planking can be formed from a plurality of panels or plates which are arranged next to one another and are connected to one another by gluing, screwing or stapling, and which are each fastened to a separate C-profile. In this way, the wall width and/or height can be adapted to the respective requirements.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures, in which preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated. However, the invention is not limited to these specific embodiments.

• 1: einen Querschnitt einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen nichttragenden Gebäudewand;
• 2: einen Querschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen nichttragenden Gebäudewand;
• 3 einen schematischen Aufbau einer Tragkonstruktion für eine erfindungsgemäße Gebäudewand mit Tür; und
• 4 eine schematische Ansicht eines Aufbaus einer erfindungsgemäßen nichttragenden Gebäudewand mit mehreren miteinander verbundenen äußeren Verkleidungselementen.

Show it:

• 1 : a cross section of a first embodiment of a non-load-bearing building wall according to the invention;
• 2 : a cross section of a second embodiment of a non-load-bearing building wall according to the invention;
• 3 a schematic structure of a supporting structure for a building wall according to the invention with a door; and
• 4 a schematic view of a structure of a non-load-bearing building wall according to the invention with a plurality of outer cladding elements connected to one another.

1 shows the structure of a first embodiment of a building wall according to the invention with a vertical CW profile 1 _CW of a first supporting structure 1, which is arranged between a ceiling and a floor of a room to be closed off, a first outer planking 2 screwed to it and a second inner planking 3 screwed to it . In between the two skins 2, 3, a first insulation layer 4 is arranged. An outer lining 5 is glued to the first planking 2 on the outside.

The first planking 2 can be formed, for example, with a chipboard panel whose bulk density can be approximately 1400 kg/m ³ . The second planking 3 is multi-layered and includes a soundproofing panel 6, for example a gypsum plasterboard with a bulk density of a good 1000 kg/m ³ , and an adjoining fire protection panel 7 made of a gypsum plasterboard with a bulk density of about 850 kg/m ³ . The soundproofing panel 6 is provided on the inside with a vapor barrier 8, for example made of a PE film.

The first insulation layer 4 is formed by two layers of stone wool partition panels, which can have a bulk density of approximately 30 kg/m ³ , for example. For a better fit, the rock wool partition panels between the skins 2, 3 can be slightly compressed.

The outer cladding 5 is formed by an 80 mm thick thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) with a plaster base plate 9 and a reinforcing fabric 11 lying on the outside. The plaster base plate 9, which serves as the second insulating layer, can be made of rock wool with a bulk density of 90 kg/m ³ , for example. The reinforcement fabric 11 can be plastered, for example, with an adhesive and reinforcement mortar.

In this exemplary embodiment, the total thickness of the non-load-bearing building wall can be between 250 and 280 mm, for example.

In the 2 The building wall shown has the same structure from the outer cladding 5 to the second planking 3 as in 1 shown outer wall. In addition, it has a second support structure 21 with a vertical CW profile 21cw, which is also fastened between the ceiling and floor of the room to be closed off and is adjacent to the second planking 3 on the inside, but without being firmly connected to it. A third planking 22 is screwed to the inside of the supporting structure 21 . Between the second paneling 3 and the third paneling 22 a third insulation layer 23 lying against the third paneling 22 and an air gap between the third insulation layer 23 and the second paneling 3 are provided.

The third planking 22 can be multi-layered, for example made of two layers of gypsum plasterboard 25, 26, the bulk density of which can be about 650 kg/m ³ , for example. The third insulating layer can, for example, consist of mineral wool partition panels with a density of about 30 kg/m ³ . The thickness of the third insulating layer 23 can be about one quarter to one third of the thickness of the first insulating layer, and the thickness of the air gap about one quarter of the thickness of the third insulating layer.

The third planking 22 and the third insulation layer 23 together with the air gap 24 are used in particular for additional soundproofing.

The overall thickness of the non-load-bearing building wall of this exemplary embodiment can be 320 mm to 370 mm, for example.

the inside 3 The illustrated schematic structure of a first or second support structure 1, 21 for a building wall with a door according to the invention comprises several vertical CW profiles 31, a first UW profile 32 on the ceiling side, open at the bottom, two shorter UW profiles 33 on the floor, open at the top , 34, a lintel 35 in the form of an upwardly open UW profile, two shorter vertical CW profiles 36 and two brackets 37.

The long CW profiles 31 are inserted and fastened into the long UW profile 32 on the ceiling and in one of the short UW profiles on the floor. In order to enable a door to be installed in the building wall, no UW profile is installed on the floor in the area of the door. Instead, a lintel 35 is provided between two long CW profiles in the form of a short, upwardly open UW profile, which is attached to the long CW profiles via the brackets 37 . The short CW profiles 36 are inserted into the lintel 35 and the long UW profile 31 and fastened therein. Correspondingly, frames can also be introduced into the supporting structure as receptacles for windows or other facade elements for the building wall.

4 Fig. 12 shows schematically a room 41 of a building defined by a floor 42, a ceiling 43, and side walls 44. The front opening of the room is closed by a first planking 45, only parts of which are shown here. The first planking 45 is formed by a plurality of panels 46 fastened to a first support structure (not shown here), which abut one another at the front and are preferably glued to one another. The remaining components of the building wall are not shown in the sketch. The panels 46 overlap the outer end faces of the ceiling 43, floor 44 and the side walls 44 of the room 42.

Reference List

1

first supporting structure

1cw

CW profile

2

first planking

3

second planking

4

first layer of insulation

5

outer fairing

6

soundproof panel

7

fire protection board

8th

vapor barrier

9

plaster base board

11

reinforcement mesh

21

second supporting structure

21cw

CW profile

22

third planking

23

third layer of insulation

24

air gap

25

plasterboard

26

plasterboard

31

CW profiles

32

UW profile

33

UW profile

34

UW profile

35

fall

36

CW profiles

37

angle

41

Space

42

floor

43

ceiling

44

side walls

45

first planking

46

panels

QUOTES INCLUDED IN DESCRIPTION

This list of documents cited by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent Literature Cited

• US4869037A [0003, 0012]
• DE 4202175 A1 [0004, 0012]

Claims (12)

Non-load-bearing building wall, in particular an outer wall of a building, for enclosing a room, with at least one first supporting structure (1) which is fastened between a ceiling and a floor of the room, at least one first planking (2) on the side of the supporting structure (1) facing away from the room , a second planking (3) on the side of the supporting structure (1) facing the room, at least a first insulating layer (4) and an outer covering (5), characterized in that a) the first planking (2) is separated from the supporting structure ( 1) is held and at least partially protrudes beyond the outside of the space to be locked in at least one direction; b) the first insulation layer (4) is arranged between the first planking (2) and the second planking (3); and c) the outer cladding (5) is fastened either directly or indirectly via the first cladding (2) to the supporting structure (1) or the first cladding forms the outer cladding. Non-bearing building wall claim 1 , characterized by a second insulating layer arranged between the first planking (2) and the outer covering (5). Non-bearing building wall claim 1 or 2 , characterized by a second support structure (21) on the side of the second planking (3) facing the room and a third planking (22) attached to the side of the second planking (21) facing the room. Non-bearing building wall claim 3 , characterized by a third insulating layer (23) arranged between the second (3) and third paneling (22), in particular an acoustic insulating layer. Non-bearing building wall claim 3 or 4 , characterized by an air gap (24) between the second (3) and the third skin (22). Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second cladding (3) and/or third cladding (22) are constructed in multiple layers and, in particular viewed from the inside to the outside, a fire protection panel (7) and a soundproofing panel (6 ) Have, wherein the fire protection panel (7) and the soundproofing panel (6) are preferably made of plasterboard with a density between 550 kg / m ³ and 1150 kg / m ³ and a thickness of between 8 mm and 20 mm. Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first planking (2) is formed with at least one wood-cement board with a thickness of between 8 mm and 18 mm. Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer cladding (5) is formed with a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), which has insulation containing in particular rock wool on the inside and a plaster base plate (9) with a reinforcing fabric (11) on the outside, wherein the total thickness of the outer covering (5) is preferably between 40 mm and 120 mm and in particular between 60 and 100 mm. Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a vapor barrier (8) which is arranged on the outside of the second planking (3). Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the insulating layers (4, 23) comprises at least one stone wool partition wall panel, which in particular has a thickness of between 40 and 100 mm, in particular a thickness of between 60 and 80 mm, and /or has a mineral wool partition panel with a thickness of between 20 and 60 mm. Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first (1) and/or the second supporting structure (21) consists of at least one U-profile attached to the ceiling and at least one U-profile attached to the floor and at least one C-profile arranged in between is formed. Non-load-bearing building wall according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by one or more windows and/or doors inserted into the building wall.

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