DE102021002132B3 - Pressure control valve for setting, in particular for controlling, a pressure of a fuel and a fuel system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure control valve (30) for setting a first fuel pressure in a fuel system (10), having a first connection (32) through which the fuel can be introduced into the pressure control valve (30), and having a second connection (36). The pressure control valve (30) comprises a valve element which can be moved between a closed position (S) which fluidically separates the first port (32) from the second port (36) and an open position (O) in which the first port (32) communicates with the second connection (36) is fluidically connected, as a result of which the fuel introduced into the pressure control valve (30) via the first connection (32) can be discharged from the pressure control valve (30) via the second connection (36). The pressure control valve (30) comprises a control connection (42) via which the valve element (40) can be acted upon with the first fuel pressure and thereby with a force (F1) resulting from the first fuel pressure, by means of which the valve element (40) can be moved from the closed position ( S) in the open position (O) is movable.

Description

The invention relates to a pressure control valve for adjusting a fuel pressure in a fuel system for an internal combustion engine through which the fuel can flow. The invention also relates to a fuel system for delivering fuel for an internal combustion engine.

the EP 2 441 946 B1 discloses a fuel pressure regulator having a bore in which is located a valve element movable from a non-regulating position of the fuel pressure regulator in which a first end of the bore is closed to a regulating position of the fuel pressure regulator in which the first end the hole is open. Furthermore, from the EP 2 159 406 A1 a fuel pressure control system is known.

From the DE 10 2014 223 240 A1 a low-pressure control system for a fuel delivery device of a fuel injection system is known. In order to reduce the filter flow and also to set the required amount of cooling and lubrication for the high-pressure pump to a required level, the low-pressure control system includes a delivery line that forms an inlet from a delivery pump to a high-pressure pump, at least one fuel filter arranged in the delivery line, and one in the delivery line arranged controllable actuating element, which forwards a preselectable delivery flow to the high-pressure pump, with an excess delivery quantity delivered by the delivery pump being diverted into a return line by means of an overflow valve. In addition to the controllable actuating element, a hydraulically controllable shut-off valve is provided, which diverts at least a portion of the excess delivery quantity from the delivery line upstream of the fuel filter in the flow direction of the fuel.

Furthermore, the DE 199 33 198 A1 a method for controlling the pressure in a fuel injection device on a reciprocating internal combustion engine, in which the fuel is conveyed from a fuel tank by means of a booster pump via the delivery line and a high-pressure pump into a pressure accumulator chamber which is connected to at least one injection nozzle, the pressure in the pressure accumulator chamber being controlled via a controllable is controlled by the pressure control valve and the fuel flow rate to the high-pressure pump is controlled as a function of the flow rate through the pressure control valve in such a way that when the flow rate discharged through a discharge line of the pressure control valve increases, the flow rate to the high-pressure pump is reduced.

In order to improve safety when operating the fuel system of an internal combustion engine, DE10 2007 061 228 A1 provided to detect an actual pressure in the fuel collection line of the fuel system, in which fuel is pumped from a fuel pump into one, by a sensor and to regulate it to a target pressure by means of a first valve device. The amount of fuel reaching the fuel pump is influenced by a second valve device. If a difference between an actual control signal, with which the first valve device is activated, and a reference control signal reaches or exceeds a limit value, a fault in the second valve device is concluded.

In addition, from the DE 10 2007 059 851 A1 a fuel injection device can be seen, which includes a high-pressure fuel pump, a high-pressure fuel reservoir into which the high-pressure fuel pump delivers, a shut-off valve through which fuel can be actuated from the high-pressure fuel reservoir via a shut-off line into a relief area, and an adjustment device for the inflow of fuel to the high-pressure fuel pump. The adjustment device has a movable control piston, with the spill line being able to be connected to at least one flow restrictor. The control piston is acted upon on one end by the pressure prevailing in the spill line in the direction of reducing the inflow to the high-pressure fuel pump and on its opposite other end by the pressure prevailing in a low-pressure region and, if necessary, by a restoring force. A switching device is also provided, through which the spill line can be optionally connected to a relief line, in which the flow throttle is arranged, or to a bypass opening into the inlet to the high-pressure fuel pump. The setting device is rendered inoperative by the switching device by connecting the diverting line via the bypass to the inlet of the high-pressure fuel pump, and the amount of fuel diverted by the diverting valve is increased in a targeted manner.

Finally is the WO 2017/003359 A1 a fuel system for an internal combustion engine can be removed, which comprises a first fuel tank, a first fuel pump, a first fuel filter and a second fuel filter. A first fuel line is in fluid communication with the first fuel tank and the first fuel filter, a second fuel line is in fluid communication with the first fuel filter and the first fuel pump, a third fuel line is in fluid communication with the first fuel pump and the second fuel filter, and a fourth Fuel line is in fluid communication arranged with the second fuel filter and a high pressure circuit of the fuel system. In order to reduce the risk of operational disruptions in the internal combustion engine, a bypass valve is provided and arranged so that fuel can bypass the first fuel filter via a bypass line which is arranged in fluid communication with the first fuel line and the second fuel line, the bypass valve being adapted to do so To be controlled based on the supply pressure downstream of the first fuel pump.

The object of the present invention is to create a pressure control valve for setting a pressure of a fuel in a fuel system through which the fuel can flow, and a fuel system, so that the pressure of the fuel can be set in a particularly simple and advantageous manner.

This object is achieved by a pressure control valve having the features of patent claim 1 and by a fuel system having the features of patent claim 9 . Advantageous configurations with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims

A first aspect of the invention relates to a pressure control valve for setting a pressure of a fuel, in particular a liquid fuel, in a fuel system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, through which the fuel can flow and is also referred to as a fuel device or fuel device or is designed as a device and preferably includes the pressure control valve. This means that the motor vehicle, which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, has the internal combustion engine in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by the internal combustion engine. In addition, the motor vehicle includes the fuel system, by means of which the fuel, in particular of the internal combustion engine, can be delivered. For example, the fuel system is or includes a fuel circuit through which the fuel can flow.

The internal combustion engine is designed, for example, as a reciprocating engine or as a reciprocating engine. The fuel system includes, for example, a high-pressure pump, also referred to as a high-pressure fuel pump, and a pre-supply pump, also referred to as a fuel pre-supply pump, which is arranged in a fuel path through which the fuel can flow. For example, the fuel path comprises a line through which the fuel can flow, or the fuel path is formed by a line through which the fuel can flow. The line is also known as the fuel line. The fuel can be conveyed from a reservoir through the fuel path by means of the pre-supply pump and thereby be conveyed to the high-pressure pump. The reservoir is also referred to as a tank or fuel tank, or the reservoir is a fuel tank, also referred to as a tank, the fuel being or being received in the reservoir. The presupply pump is preferably arranged downstream of the reservoir in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the fuel path, so that the presupply pump draws in the fuel from the reservoir and can thereby convey it in particular through a first part of the fuel path and thus convey it towards itself, for example. In addition, the pre-supply pump can pump the fuel away from itself and thereby, for example, through a second part of the fuel path, with the high-pressure pump being arranged downstream of the pre-supply pump, in particular downstream of the fuel path, in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the fuel path. This means in particular that the presupply pump can first deliver the fuel from the reservoir towards itself and then away from it and thereby deliver it through the fuel path and can deliver it to the high-pressure pump. In particular, the fuel can be conveyed through the fuel path at a first fuel pressure by means of the pre-supply pump and can thus be conveyed to the high-pressure pump. In other words, the first fuel pressure of the fuel can be brought about by means of the presupply pump. This also means that the high-pressure pump can be supplied from the reservoir via the pre-supply pump with the fuel that is delivered by means of the pre-supply pump and in particular that has the first fuel pressure.

Using the high-pressure pump, the fuel delivered by the pre-supply pump to the high-pressure fuel pump, with which the high-pressure pump can be or is being supplied by means of the pre-supply pump, can be transported away from the high-pressure pump and thereby, for example, to at least one injector and/or a fuel distribution element also referred to as a rail or common rail to be promoted. In particular, the high-pressure pump can be used to pump the fuel conveyed by the presupply pump to the high-pressure fuel pump at a second fuel pressure that is greater than the first fuel pressure away from the high-pressure pump and, for example, to the fuel distribution element or to the injector. In other words, by means of the high-pressure pump, the fuel pressure that is greater than the first second fuel pressure of the fuel can be effected, which prevails downstream of the high-pressure fuel pump.

It can thus be seen that, for example, as part of a method for operating the fuel system, the fuel is sucked in from the reservoir at a third fuel pressure by means of the pre-supply pump and conveyed through the fuel path and towards the high-pressure pump, as a result of which the high-pressure pump is fed with the fuel delivered by means of the pre-supply pump fuel is supplied. In this case, the previously mentioned first fuel pressure of the fuel is brought about by means of the pre-supply pump, so that in the method the high-pressure pump is supplied with the fuel having the first fuel pressure. The high-pressure pump conveys the fuel, which is conveyed to the high-pressure pump by means of the pre-supply pump, away from itself and in the process, for example, to the injector or to the fuel distribution element, with the high-pressure pump causing the second fuel pressure, which is greater than the first fuel pressure.

It is conceivable that the fuel system includes the at least one injector and/or the fuel distribution element. In particular, the following can be provided: The internal combustion engine can have a plurality of combustion chambers, with a first of the combustion chambers being assigned the at least one injector, and with a second of the combustion chambers being assigned a second injector. The fuel can be introduced into the combustion chambers by means of the injectors, in particular injected directly into the combustion chamber. The fuel distribution element is a fuel distribution element that is common to the injectors and via which the injectors can be or are supplied with fuel. The high-pressure pump delivers, for example, the fuel at the second fuel pressure to and into the fuel distribution element, in which the fuel at the second fuel pressure is received. The injectors can be supplied with the fuel having the second fuel pressure from the fuel distribution element, so that the respective injector can eject the fuel having the second fuel pressure and thereby bring it into the respectively associated combustion chamber, in particular inject it directly.

The fuel system also includes a pressure control valve, by means of which a pressure of the fuel can be adjusted, in particular regulated. The fuel pressure adjustable by means of the pressure control valve is, for example, a fuel pressure in the fuel path and thus a fuel pressure prevailing in the fuel path upstream of the high-pressure pump and preferably downstream of the presupply pump. In particular, the fuel pressure that can be set by means of the pressure control valve can be the first fuel pressure. The pressure that can be set, in particular regulated, by means of the pressure control valve is also referred to as the setting or control pressure, since it is set, in particular regulated, by means of the pressure control valve.

For this purpose, the pressure control valve has a first connection via which the fuel, i.e. at least part of the fuel, in particular from the fuel path from a branch point of the fuel path arranged downstream of the presupply pump and upstream of the high-pressure pump, can be introduced into the pressure control valve. For this purpose, it is preferably provided that the first connection at the branching point is fluidically connected or can be connected to the fuel path. Thus, at least part of the fuel flowing through the fuel path can be branched off from the fuel path at the branching point and introduced into the pressure control valve via the first connection. The pressure control valve also has a second port and a valve element. The valve element is movable between at least one closed position fluidically separating the first port from the second port and at least one open position. This means that in the closed position the first connection is fluidically separated from the second connection by means of the valve element, so that no fuel can be introduced from the first connection into the second connection or vice versa. In the open position, however, the first port is fluidically connected to the second port, which means that when the valve element is in the open position, the fuel introduced or flowing into the pressure control valve via the first port can be discharged from the pressure control valve via the second port and, in particular, to an upstream of the presupply pump and preferably downstream of the reservoir arranged introduction point of the fuel path can be introduced into the fuel path. For this purpose, for example, the second connection at the point of introduction is fluidly connected or can be connected to the fuel path. Since the first port is fluidically connected to the second port in the open position, a circuit that is interrupted in the closed position by means of the valve element is open in the open position, with the circuit moving from the inlet point via the presupply pump to the branch point, from the branch point to the first Port extends from the first port through the pressure control valve to the second port and from the second port to the point of introduction. As a result, at least part of the fuel flowing through the fuel path can flow through the circuit when the valve element is in the open position and thus flow from the inlet point via the presupply pump and to the branch point and from there back to the inlet point via the first connection, the second connection and the pressure control valve, and therefore circulate so that the first fuel pressure can be lowered, as a result of which the pressure of the High-pressure pump inflowing fuel (first fuel pressure) can be adjusted exactly, in particular to a maximum first fuel pressure.

The pressure control valve also has a control port, which is also referred to as the first control port. Via the first control connection, the valve element can be acted upon by a first fuel pressure prevailing in the fuel path, in particular at a control point of the fuel path located downstream of the branching point to the first connection of the pressure control valve and upstream of the high-pressure pump, whereby the valve element is subjected to a first force resulting from the first fuel pressure can be acted upon, by means of which the valve element can be moved from the closed position into the open position. For this purpose, for example, the first control connection is fluidly connected or can be connected to the first control point. From the first control point, the fuel or at least part of the fuel can be routed to and in particular into the pressure control valve, in particular in such a way that the valve element can be acted upon or is acted upon, in particular directly, via the first control connection with the fuel which is at the first Control point from the fuel path to and into the pressure control valve. As a result, the valve element is subjected to the first fuel pressure that the fuel has at the first control point. In other words, due to the preferably provided fluidic connection between the first control port and the first control point, the valve element is acted upon by the first fuel pressure prevailing at the first control point. The first fuel pressure acting at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element results in the aforementioned first force, which acts at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element, which can be moved from the closed position into the open position by means of the first force. This can be understood to mean the following in particular: The valve element can be moved, for example, in a first valve element direction from the closed position to the open position, with the first force resulting from the first fuel pressure, i.e. at least one force component of the first force, acting in the first valve element direction.

In order to be able to set, in particular regulate, the setting or control pressure of the fuel in a particularly advantageous and therefore particularly simple manner, it is provided according to the invention that the pressure control valve has a second control connection. The valve element can be acted upon, in particular at least indirectly and preferably directly, by a fourth fuel pressure, in particular prevailing in a return path of the fuel system, via the second control connection, as a result of which the valve element is subjected to at least a second force resulting from the fourth fuel pressure and directed in the opposite direction to the first force can be acted upon indirectly, in particular directly, by means of which the valve element can be moved from the open position into the closed position. For this purpose, the second control port can preferably be or is connected fluidically to the return path at a second control point of the return path, so that the fourth fuel pressure prevailing in the return path can be introduced into the pressure control valve, in particular in such a way that the valve element is at least indirectly, in particular directly, connected to the second control port introduced into the pressure control valve fourth fuel pressure can be acted upon or is acted upon. Due to the preferably provided fluidic connection between the second control port and the return path, the fuel with which the valve element is acted upon via the second control port has the fourth fuel pressure that the fuel has at the second control point in the return path. The aforementioned second force, which is directed in the opposite direction to the first force, results from the fourth fuel pressure acting at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element. This is to be understood in particular as follows: the valve element can be moved, for example in a second valve element direction opposite to the first valve element direction, from the open position into the closed position. In this case, the second force, that is to say at least one force component of the second force, acts in the second valve element direction.

The return path means that at least an excess part of the fuel, delivered at least by means of the presupply pump and possibly also by means of the high-pressure pump to a component of the fuel system, is to be routed or is routed from the component back to the reservoir via the return path. In other words, during the aforementioned method, for example, the component is supplied with the fuel delivered at least by means of the pre-supply pump and preferably by means of the high-pressure pump. In particular, it can be provided that the fuel, which is funded to the component or with which the component is funded, by means of the pre-supply pump with the first fuel pressure to the high-pressure pump and with is conveyed by means of the high-pressure pump to the component with the second fuel pressure. At least an excess part of the fuel, which was conveyed to the component by the high-pressure pump, is diverted, for example, and, in particular unused and in particular unburned, is fed back from the component to the reservoir via the return path. The excess part of the fuel thus flows on its way from the component to and into the reservoir through the return path, to which the second control port can be fluidically connected or is connected, in such a way that the valve element is at least indirectly associated with the fourth fuel pressure prevailing in the return path , In particular directly, can be acted upon.

The component is, for example, the fuel distribution element, from which the excess part of the fuel is diverted, in particular via a further pressure control valve assigned to the fuel distribution element, by means of which the second fuel pressure prevailing in the fuel distribution element can be adjusted, in particular regulated. The second fuel pressure can be set, in particular regulated, for example via a quantity metering unit at an inlet of the high-pressure pump. Furthermore, the component can be the respective injector or injectors. Furthermore, the component can be the high-pressure pump, or the component can be a fuel filter, which can be arranged, for example, in the fuel path and, for example, downstream of the pre-supply pump and upstream of the high-pressure pump, so that the fuel filter can be filtered by means of the fuel filter fuel flowing through and, for example, flowing through the fuel path is to be filtered.

It can be seen that the first fuel pressure upstream of the high-pressure pump is used as a first control or regulating pressure and the fourth fuel pressure in the return path is used as a second control or regulating pressure in order to move the valve element into the closed position and into the open position, or in the to hold the closed position and in the open position. In other words, depending on the ratio of the control pressures, the valve element remains in the closed position or in the open position, or the valve element is moved from the closed position to the open position or from the open position to the closed position, as a result of which the first fuel pressure is set in a particularly simple and advantageous manner , in particular regulated, is.

Since at least the excess fuel can flow from the component back into the reservoir via the return path, the fuel system according to the invention is or includes a fuel circuit through which the fuel can flow, in or in which the first fuel pressure can be set, in particular regulated, particularly easily and advantageously. The return path is formed, for example, by at least one return line or comprises at least one return line, wherein the fuel can flow or flows through the return line on its way from the component back into the reservoir.

According to the invention, in the closed position of the valve element, a targeted leakage of the fuel from the first connection to the second control connection is also provided in the pressure control valve, ie it is designed or produced. The feature that the leakage is a targeted leakage is to be understood as meaning that the leakage is provided in a targeted manner, that is to say it is designed or produced in a targeted manner. In other words, the leakage is not an undesired, technically caused and unavoidable leakage, but the targeted leakage is specifically designed and enables a fluidic connection of the second control port of the pressure control valve to the return path when the valve element is in its closed position located. Targeted leakage is also referred to as forced leakage. In principle, the leakage can also exist in the open position, but will then be smaller because the inlet in the open position is fluidically connected to the suction side of the presupply pump.

Alternatively or additionally it can be provided that in the closed position and in the open position a targeted leakage of the fuel from the first control connection to the second connection in the pressure control valve is provided, ie is formed or produced. As a result, an advantageous pressure drop from the first control port, which is connected to the first control point downstream of the pre-supply pump and upstream of the high-pressure pump, to the second port, which is connected to the inlet point upstream of the pre-supply pump, can be made possible or used to prevent contamination of a mentioned clean side, on which the first control point is arranged, to avoid, that is, to avoid undesirable contamination, that is, contamination of fuel that has already been filtered, in particular by unfiltered fuel. The avoidance of contamination of already filtered fuel by unfiltered fuel can be implemented by the invention in a particularly simple manner and in particular without additional bores or overflow channels, so that the force according to the invention material system makes it possible to set the first fuel pressure in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, in particular to be able to regulate it.

One embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the pressure control valve has a valve housing which has or forms or delimits, for example, the first connection, the second connection, the first control connection and the second control connection. The first connection, the second connection, the first control connection and the second control connection are collectively also referred to as connections.

The valve housing preferably also has a receptacle designed, for example, as a bore and also referred to as a bore. In particular, the intake is limited by the valve housing, in particular directly. The valve element is arranged in the receptacle in such a way that the valve element can be moved translationally along a direction of movement between the closed position and the open position relative to the valve housing. The direction of movement runs parallel to the aforementioned first valve element direction and parallel to the aforementioned second valve element direction, or the valve element direction coincides with the direction of movement. As a result, a particularly simple and therefore cost-effective construction of the pressure control valve can be implemented, so that the first fuel pressure upstream of the high-pressure pump can be adjusted, in particular regulated, in a particularly simple manner.

In order to be able to set, in particular regulate, the first fuel pressure in a particularly advantageous and therefore particularly cost-effective manner, a further embodiment of the invention provides that the receptacle at both ends along the direction of movement is both in the closed position and in the open position, i.e regardless of the open position and regardless of the closed position, is closed. In particular, provision is made for the receptacle to be closed at both of its ends along the direction of movement in all positions in which the valve element can be moved relative to the valve housing along the direction of movement.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the first connection, the second connection, the first control connection and the second control connection open into the receptacle along a respective direction running obliquely or preferably perpendicularly to the direction of movement. As a result, a particularly simple and thus cost-effective construction of the pressure control valve can be ensured.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the opening point of the second connection, i.e. the opening point at which the second connection opens into the receptacle, is located along the direction of movement between the opening points of the first control connection and the first connection. As a result, the first fuel pressure can be set, in particular regulated, in a particularly simple and advantageous manner. A particularly great advantage of this channel arrangement is a forced flow from filtered to unfiltered fuel.

In order to realize a particularly simple construction of the pressure control valve and thus to be able to set, in particular regulate, the first fuel pressure in a particularly advantageous and simple manner, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the opening point of the first connection along the direction of movement between the opening points of the second Control connection and the second connection is located.

Finally, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if an outlet opening of the first connection, which is arranged at an outlet point of the first connection and which opens out at its outlet point via the outlet opening into the receptacle, at least in the closed position of the valve element along a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement and towards towards the valve member is completely overlapped by the valve member with a second clearance. In this way, for example, an undesired influence on the first fuel pressure, which acts in front of the high-pressure pump, can be avoided by allowing the fuel to flow downstream of the presupply pump via the branching point to the first connection of the pressure control valve with the second clearance between the opening point of the outlet opening of the first connection in the receptacle and overlapping valve element can be adjusted. In particular, a particularly simple and cost-effective design of the valve element can be implemented as a result.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the pressure control valve comprises a spring, in particular a mechanical spring, by means of which a spring force acting at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element in the same direction as the second force and thus preferably in the second valve element direction can be provided, by means of which the Valve element is movable from the open position to the closed position.

During the aforementioned method, for example, a first total force acts in the first valve element direction at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element, wherein the first total force can be formed at least partially, in particular at least predominantly and thus at least more than half or completely, by the first force. In addition, for example, a second total force opposing the first total force acts in the second valve element direction at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element, the second total force being formed at least partially, in particular at least predominantly, by the second force. Provision is preferably made for the second total force to be formed partly by the second force and partly by the spring force. If the first total force is greater than the second total force, the valve element is moved in the first valve element direction or held in the open position. If the second total force is greater than the first total force, the valve element is moved into the closed position or held in the closed position. As a result, the first fuel pressure can be set, in particular regulated, in a particularly advantageous manner.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a fuel system for delivering fuel for an internal combustion engine, the fuel system having at least one pressure control valve according to the invention according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the second aspect of the invention and vice versa.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a motor vehicle, which has an internal combustion engine, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven. In addition, the motor vehicle has a fuel system according to the first aspect of the invention, the internal combustion engine being able to be supplied with the fuel by means of the fuel system. Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first and second aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the third aspect of the invention and vice versa.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and from the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without going beyond the scope of the leave invention.

• 1 eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffsystems für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs;
• 2 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Druckregelventils des Kraftstoffsystems, wobei sich ein Ventilelement des Druckregelventils in seiner Schließstellung befindet;
• 3 eine schematische Schnittansicht des Druckregelventils des Kraftstoffsystems, wobei sich das Ventilelement des Druckregelventils in seiner Offenstellung befindet; und
• 4 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines alternativen Druckregelventils.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic representation of a fuel system according to the invention for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle;
• 2 a schematic sectional view of a pressure control valve of the fuel system, wherein a valve element of the pressure control valve is in its closed position;
• 3 a schematic sectional view of the pressure control valve of the fuel system, wherein the valve element of the pressure control valve is in its open position; and
• 4 a schematic sectional view of an alternative pressure control valve.

Elements that are the same or have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

1 shows a schematic representation of a fuel system 10 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, not shown in detail. This means that the motor vehicle, which is preferably designed as a motor vehicle, has the internal combustion engine in its fully manufactured state and can be driven by the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine has multiple combustion chambers. The respective combustion chamber is assigned, in particular precisely, an injector, by means of which a liquid fuel, in particular, can be introduced, in particular directly injected, into the respective combustion chamber to which the respective injector is assigned. As will be explained in more detail below, the fuel system 10 is used to supply the respective injector with the fuel, in particular liquid fuel. For this purpose, the fuel system 10 has a high-pressure pump 12, also referred to as a high-pressure fuel pump, and a presupply pump 14, which are arranged in a first fuel path 16 through which the fuel can flow. The fuel can be pumped from a reservoir 18, embodied as a fuel tank, for example, through the first fuel path 16 by means of the pre-supply pump 14 and is thereby pumped towards the high-pressure pump 12, so that the high-pressure pump 12 is downstream in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 and thus through the pre-supply pump 14 the pre-supply pump 14 is arranged. In particular, the high-pressure pump 12 is arranged downstream of the first fuel path 16 in the direction of flow of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 and thus the presupply pump 14, so that the first fuel path 16 runs up to the high-pressure pump 12 and ends there. The first fuel path 16 is, for example, a low-pressure path in which the fuel has at least one effected by means of the pre-supply pump 14, first fuel pressure downstream of the pre-supply pump 14. By means of the high-pressure pump 12 , the fuel that is or was being conveyed by the pre-supply pump 14 to the high-pressure pump 12 can be conveyed or conveyed away from the high-pressure pump 12 . The high-pressure pump 12 is arranged, for example, in a second fuel path 20 through which the fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 12 and thereby delivered away from the high-pressure pump 12 by the high-pressure pump 12 can flow. Thus, for example, the second fuel path 20 is arranged downstream of the first fuel path 16 in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 and the second fuel path 20 . In particular, the fuel in the second fuel path 20 has a second fuel pressure which is caused by the high-pressure pump 12 and is greater or higher than the first fuel pressure. This means in particular that the fuel is delivered at the first fuel pressure by means of the pre-supply pump 14 and is delivered to the high-pressure pump 12 . The fuel is delivered by means of the high-pressure pump 12 at the second fuel pressure, which is greater than the first fuel pressure, and is in particular delivered away from the high-pressure pump 12 into the second fuel path 20 .

In the second fuel path 20, also referred to as the high-pressure path, there is, for example, a fuel distribution element that is common to the injectors and is also referred to as a rail or common rail, to which and into which the fuel, in particular the fuel at the second fuel pressure, is delivered by the high-pressure pump 12. The injectors can be supplied with the fuel from the fuel distribution element, in particular with the fuel from the fuel distribution element having the second fuel pressure, via the fuel distribution element. Thus, the high-pressure pump 12 can deliver the fuel away from itself and towards the fuel distribution element and via the fuel distribution element to the respective injector with the second fuel pressure.

The fuel system 10 also includes a first fuel filter 22 which is arranged in the first fuel path 16 and is also referred to as a pre-filter. The first fuel filter 22 is arranged downstream of the reservoir 18 and upstream of the pre-supply pump 14 in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16, so that the fuel delivered by means of the pre-supply pump 14 is filtered by means of the first fuel filter 22 on its way from the reservoir 18 to the pre-supply pump 14 is filtered. The fuel system 10 also includes a second fuel filter 24 which is arranged in the first fuel path 16 . Second fuel filter 24 is also referred to as a main filter or is a main filter, second fuel filter 24 being arranged downstream of presupply pump 14 and upstream of high-pressure pump 12 in the flow direction of the fuel flowing through first fuel path 16 . As a result, the fuel that is delivered by the pre-supply pump 14 and thus flows through the first fuel path 16 is filtered by the second fuel filter 24 on its way from the pre-supply pump 14 to the high-pressure pump 12 . It can be seen that the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 flows through the first fuel filter 22 , the pre-supply pump 14 and the second fuel filter 24 on its way from the reservoir 18 to the high-pressure pump 12 .

In addition, the fuel system 10 has a return path 26 . The return path 26 includes return branches 28a-d, which are explained in more detail below. At least an excess portion of the fuel, which was delivered to the high-pressure pump 12 by means of the presupply pump 14, can be pumped out via the return branch 28a and thus via the return path 26 from the high-pressure pump 12, bypassing the fuel distribution element and bypassing the injectors, i.e. without passing through the fuel distribution element to flow and without flowing through the injectors, are guided back to and into the reservoir 18, in particular also bypassing the fuel filters 22 and 24 and the pre-supply pump 14. In particular, the fuel can circulate in such a way that the high-pressure pump only receives so much quantity arrives as needed. However, there is a forced leakage path in the high-pressure pump, which can correspond to the return branch 28a.

At least an excess portion of the fuel flowing through fuel filter 24 can be routed from fuel filter 24 back to and into reservoir 18 via return branch 28b and thus via return path 26, it being preferably provided that the fuel flowing through return branch 28b is of the fuel filter 24 has been or is filtered. At least an excess part of the fuel, which has flowed from the fuel distribution element to the injectors, can be routed from the injectors back to and into the reservoir 18 via the return branch 28c and thus via the return path 26 . Via the return branch 28d and thus via the return path 26, at least an excess part of the fuel, which was conveyed to and into the fuel distribution element by means of the high-pressure pump 12, can return from the fuel distribution element to and into the reservoir 18 . It can be seen that the fuel flowing through the return branches 28c and 28d is fed back from the injectors or from the fuel distribution element to and into the reservoir 18 without entering the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, i.e. without being burned in the internal combustion engine. Overall, it can be seen that the high-pressure pump 12, the second fuel filter 24, the injectors and the fuel distribution element are components, with at least one excess part of the fuel being conveyed at least by means of the presupply pump 14 to the respective component of the fuel system 10 via the return path 26 is to be led back to and into the reservoir 18 by the respective component. The fuel flowing through the return branches 28a and 28b was or is being conveyed exclusively by means of the pre-supply pump 14 in relation to the high-pressure pump 12 and the pre-supply pump 14, with the fuel flowing through the return branches 28c and 28d being conveyed both by means of the pre-supply pump 14 and by means of the high-pressure pump 12, respectively becomes.

The fuel system 10 also includes a pressure control valve 30, which is explained in more detail below. Fuel system 10 can include a further pressure control valve, which is provided in particular in addition to pressure control valve 30 and is assigned to the fuel distribution element, by means of which a pressure of the fuel received in the fuel distribution element prevailing in the fuel distribution element can be adjusted, in particular regulated. In this case, for example, the fuel flowing through the return branch 28d comes from the further pressure control valve. This means in particular that the excess fuel flowing through the return branch 28d is diverted from or by the fuel distribution element by means of the additional pressure control valve in order thereby to set, in particular to regulate, the pressure of the fuel prevailing in the fuel distribution element. The deactivation means that at least part of the fuel received in the fuel distribution element is discharged from the fuel distribution element via the additional pressure control valve and introduced into the return branch 28d and then flows through the return branch 28d and returns by means of the return branch 28d and thus by means of the return path 26 to and into the reservoir 18 . The additional pressure control valve is also referred to as a PCV.

The pressure control valve 30 is in 2 and 3 shown in a schematic sectional view. As in synopsis of 1 until 3 As can be seen, the pressure control valve 30 has a first connection 32, via which the fuel from the first fuel path 16 can be introduced into the pressure control valve 30 from a branch point AS of the first fuel path 16 arranged downstream of the presupply pump 14 and upstream of the high-pressure pump 12. For this purpose, the first connection 32 is fluidly connected via a fuel overflow line 34 to the first fuel path 16 at the branching point AS. Thus, at the branching point AS, at least part of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 can be branched off from the first fuel path 16 and introduced into the fuel overflow line 34 . The fuel that is branched off and introduced into the fuel overflow line 34 can flow through the fuel overflow line 34 and is guided by the fuel overflow line 34 from the branching point AS to the first port 32 and can flow into the pressure control valve 30 and thereby flow through the first port 32. The pressure control valve 30 also has a second port 36, which in the case of the 2 and 3 shown embodiment via a fuel return line 38 at a Einleitstelle ES fluidically connected to the first fuel path 16 or presently connected. In the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 , the branching point AS of the first fuel path 16 is arranged downstream of the presupply pump 14 and upstream of the high-pressure pump 12 , in particular upstream of the fuel filter 24 . In the flow direction of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 , the introduction point ES of the first fuel path 16 is arranged upstream of the presupply pump 14 and downstream of the reservoir 18 , in particular downstream of the fuel filter 22 .

How particularly good looking 2 and 3 can be seen, the pressure control valve 30 comprises a valve element 40, which is located between at least one in 2 shown and designated with S closed position and at least one in 3 shown and denoted by O open position is movable. In the closed position, the first port 32 is fluidically separated from the second port 36 by the valve element 40, so that no fuel can flow from the first port 32 to the second port 36 or no fuel flowing through the first port 32 can flow to and through the second Connection 36 can flow. In the open position O, however, the ports 32 and 36 are fluidically connected to one another. In other words, in the closed position S, a fluidic connection between the connections 32 and 36 is interrupted by means of the valve element 40, as a result of which in the closed position S the connections 32 and 36 are fluidically separated from one another. In the open position O, however, the valve element 40 provides the fluidic connection freely between the ports 32 and 36, so that in the open position O the ports 32 and 36 are fluidically connected to one another. In this way, in the open position O, the fuel introduced into the pressure control valve 30 via the first connection 32 can be discharged out of the pressure control valve 30 via the second connection 36 and introduced into the first fuel path 16 at the introduction point ES. In other words, in the closed position S, the branch point AS is fluidically separated from the inlet point ES by means of the valve element 40, so that no fuel can flow from the branch point AS via the pressure control valve 30 to the inlet point ES. In the open position O, however, the branch point AS is fluidically connected to the inlet point ES, so that the fuel can flow back from the branch point AS via the pressure control valve 30 to the inlet point ES. The first fuel pressure mentioned above prevails in particular in the first fuel path 16 downstream of the pre-supply pump 14 and preferably upstream of the high-pressure pump 12, thus on a pressure side of the pre-supply pump 14, via the pressure side of which the fuel is conveyed away from the pre-supply pump 14 by means of the pre-supply pump 14 and towards the High-pressure pump 12 is funded. Thus, the branching point AS and the high-pressure pump 12 and presently also the second fuel filter 24 are arranged on the pressure side of the pre-supply pump 14 . A portion of the first fuel path 16 that is arranged or runs upstream of the pre-supply pump 14 is arranged on a so-called suction side of the pre-supply pump 14, which draws in the fuel from the reservoir 18 via its suction side and thus pumps it toward and into itself. Thus, in the present case, the first fuel filter 22 is arranged on the intake side. On the intake side, in particular in the first fuel path 16, there is, for example, a third fuel pressure that is lower than the first fuel pressure. Thus, preferably in the closed position S, there is a pressure drop from the first port 32 to the second port 36, which preferably has the first fuel pressure at least essentially at the first port 32 and the third fuel pressure at least essentially at the second port 36. This pressure drop also exists from the branching point AS to the introduction point ES in the open position O, and because of this pressure drop in the open position O of the valve element 40, at least the aforementioned part of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 flows from the branching point AS via the pressure control valve 30 flows to the discharge point ES. Thus, for example, the first fuel pressure can be set, in particular regulated, by means of the valve element 40, so that the first fuel pressure is also referred to as the setting or regulating pressure.

The pressure control valve 30 also has a first control port 42, which in the case of the 2 and 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, a first control line 44, also referred to as a first control fuel line, can be fluidically connected or is presently connected to the first fuel path 16 at a first control point S1. The first control point S1 of the first fuel path 16 is arranged in the direction of flow of the fuel flowing through the first fuel path 16 downstream of the branch point AS and thus downstream of the presupply pump 14 and upstream of the high-pressure pump 12, with the first control point S1 being arranged downstream of the second fuel filter 24 in the present case. A part of the first fuel path 16 arranged downstream of the second fuel filter 24 and thus the first control point S1 and also the high-pressure pump 12 are arranged on a so-called clean side of the second fuel filter 24, via the clean side of which the second fuel filter 24 flows and by means of the second fuel filter 24 filtered fuel flows away from or away from the second fuel filter 24 and in particular flows towards the high-pressure pump 12 . In this case, for example, the return branch 28b on the clean side of the second fuel filter 24 can be fluidically connected or is connected to the second fuel filter 24, so that the fuel flowing through the return branch 28b and also the return branch 28a, and also the fuel flowing through the return branch 28c and the return branch 28d, by means of of the second fuel filter 24 was or is filtered.

A further part of the first fuel path 16 that runs or is arranged upstream of the second fuel filter 24 is arranged on a so-called dirty side of the second fuel filter 24, which is or can be flown to by the fuel that has not yet been filtered by the second fuel filter 24 via its dirty side. On its way from the pre-supply pump 14 to the high-pressure pump 12, the fuel flows through the second fuel filter 24 and from the dirty side to the clean side of the second fuel filter 24, also referred to as the clean side, and is filtered by the second fuel filter 24. It can thus be seen that the branching point AS, the pre-supply pump 14 and the inlet point ES are arranged on the dirty side of the second fuel filter 24, so that the pre-supply pump 14, the fuel overflow line 34, the fuel return line 38 and, in particular in the open position O, the connections Fuel flowing through 32 and 36 and in particular flowing from the first port 32 to the second port 36 was not or is not filtered by the second fuel filter 24 . However, the fuel flowing through the first control line 44 is filtered by the second fuel filter 24 .

Out of 2 and 3 It can be seen particularly clearly that the valve element 40 can be acted upon via the first control connection 42 by a first pressure of the fuel prevailing at the first control point S1 of the first fuel path 16 in the first fuel path 16, and thereby by a first force resulting from the first fuel pressure can be acted upon, which in 2 and 3 is illustrated by a force arrow F1. The valve element 40 can be moved from the closed position S into the open position O by means of the first force F1. The valve element 40 can be moved between the closed position S and the open position O along a direction of movement illustrated by a double arrow 45 . In order to move the valve element 40 from the closed position S into the open position O, the valve element 40 is moved, in particular translationally, in a first valve element direction illustrated by an arrow 46, the first valve element direction running parallel to the direction of movement. In order to move the valve element 40 from the open position O to the closed position S, the valve element 40 is moved, in particular translationally, in a second valve element direction illustrated by an arrow 48, the second valve element direction running parallel to the direction of movement and being opposite to the first valve element direction. It can be seen that the first force (force arrow F1) resulting from the first fuel pressure and also referred to as the first control force acts in the first valve element direction 46.

In order to be able to set, in particular regulate, the first fuel pressure in a particularly advantageous manner and in particular in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, the pressure control valve 30 has a second control connection 50 . At the in the 1 until 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second control connection 50 can be fluidically connected or is presently connected to the return flow path 26 via a second control line 52 , also referred to as a second control fuel line. Valve element 40 can be acted upon via second control port 50 by a fourth fuel pressure prevailing in return path 26, and can thereby be acted upon by a second force, which results from the fourth fuel pressure and is directed counter to the first force and is illustrated by a second force arrow F2, by means of which the valve element 40 can be moved from the open position O to the closed position S. Out of 2 and 3 it can be seen from the second force arrow F2 that the second force acts in the second valve element direction and is thus directed in the opposite direction to the first force. If, for example, the first fuel pressure is referred to as the first control pressure and the first force is referred to as the first control force, then the fourth fuel pressure is a second control pressure and the second force is a second control force, with the fourth fuel pressure or the second force opposing the first fuel pressure or the first force works. Therefore, the fourth fuel pressure is also referred to as counter pressure and the second force is also referred to as counter force.

At the in 1 The exemplary embodiment shown is the second control connection 50, in particular via the second control line 52, fluidically connectable or connected at a second control point S2 to the return path 26, in particular to the return branch 28a. The fuel having the fourth fuel pressure in the second control line 52 can be routed to the second control port 50 by means of the second control line 52 or act on the valve element 40 via the second control port 50 . At the in 1 The exemplary embodiment shown is the second control point S2 in the return path 26, in particular in the return branch 28a, arranged upstream of the collecting element 54. It is conceivable that the control point S2 is arranged in or on the collector element 54, so that the collector element has the control point S2. Furthermore, it is also conceivable that the second control point S2 is provided on one of the return branches 28b-d.

Out of 1 it can be seen that, for example, the return branches 28a-d formed by respective return lines are brought together or combined via a collecting element 54 to form a total return branch 56, with the total return branch 56 being formed by a total return line, for example. This means in particular that the fuel flowing through the individual return branches 28a-d can flow through the overall return branch 56 of the return path 26 .

Furthermore is off 1 recognizable that the fuel flowing through the fuel return line 38, and therefore the fuel flowing from the first connection 32 to the second connection 36, is guided back to the suction side of the pre-supply pump 14 and thus flows back into the pre-supply pump 14 and can flow through the pre-supply pump 14 after it had previously flowed through the pre-supply pump 14.

Out of 2 and 3 It can be seen that the pressure control valve 30 has a valve housing 58, which forms or delimits the connections 32 and 36 and the control connections 42 and 50, in particular directly. In addition, the valve housing 58 forms or delimits a receptacle 60 embodied, for example, as a bore, in particular directly. The valve housing 58 has, for example, two housing elements 62 and 64 which, for example, are components which are formed separately from one another and are connected to one another are. In this case, the housing element 62 forms or delimits the connections 32 and 36 and the control connections 42 and 50, in particular directly. The receptacle 60 is partly delimited by the housing element 62 and partly by the housing element 64, in each case directly. The valve element 40 is accommodated in the receptacle 60 in a translationally movable manner relative to the valve housing 58 between the closed position S and the open position O along the direction of movement. Along the direction of movement, the receptacle 60 is closed, in particular completely, at its two opposite ends E1 and E2 along the direction of movement. Furthermore, it is provided that the first connection 32, the second connection 36, the first control connection 42 and the second control connection 50 at a respective opening point M1, M2, M3 and M4 along a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement, in particular directly, in the Recording 60 open, the orifices M1-4 are spaced from each other. The orifice M2 of the second connector 36 is located along the direction of movement between the orifices M1 and M3 of the first connector 32 and the first control connector 42, and the orifice M1 of the first connector 32 is located along the direction of movement between the orifices M2 and M4 of the second connector 36 and the second control terminal 50 are arranged. It is also provided that an outlet opening 66 of the first connection 32, which is arranged at the opening point M1 of the first connection 32 and which opens out directly at its opening point M1 via the outlet opening 66 into the receptacle 60, in the closed position S of the valve element 40 along the previously mentioned , perpendicular to the direction of movement and pointing towards the valve element 40 direction is completely overlapped by the valve element 40 with a game.

The valve element 40 has a sealing surface 40a and the valve housing 58, in particular in the housing element 62, has a valve seat 58a. The valve seat 58a is provided between the first port 32 and the second port 36, or between the openings M1 and M2. It would also be conceivable for the valve seat 58a or the sealing surface 40a to be arranged between the second connection 36 and the first control connection 42 . By lifting the valve element 40 with its sealing surface 40a out of the valve seat 58a, the valve element 40 is in its open position O ( 3 ). If the sealing surface 40a is in contact with the valve seat 58a, the valve element 40 is in its closed position S ( 2 ). The receptacle 60 and the valve element 40 are each designed to be rotationally symmetrical along a common axis A.

In a first area B1 of the valve element 40, the clearance between the valve element 40 and the valve housing 58, in particular the receptacle 60, is preferably less than 10 micrometers. In addition, provision is preferably made for a clearance between the valve element 40 and the valve housing 58, in particular the receptacle 60, to be greater than or equal to 10 micrometers in a region B2 of the valve element 40. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that in the first area B1 of the valve element 40, preferably a clearance between the valve element 40 and the valve housing 58, in particular the receptacle 60, is less than or equal to 10 micrometers. In addition, provision is preferably made for a clearance between the valve element 40 and the valve housing 58, in particular the receptacle 60, to be greater than 10 micrometers in the region B2 of the valve element 40. The area B1 is provided at the first end E1 of the valve element 40 along the second valve element direction 48 . The second area B2 is provided at the second end E2 of the valve element 40 along the first valve element direction 46 . Between the two areas B1 and B2, the valve element 40 has a smaller diameter in a third area B3 than the two areas B1 and B2. The sealing surface 40a is provided at a transition between the two areas B2 and B3. It would also be conceivable for the sealing surface 40a to be arranged between the regions B1 and B3. The valve seat 58a advances between a fourth area B4 of the seat 60 in the second valve element direction 48 and a fifth area B5 of the seat 60 in the first valve element direction 46 . The fourth area B4 has a smaller diameter than the fifth area B5.

The game in area B1, in particular between the first area B1 and the fourth area B4, is also referred to as the first game SP1 and the game in area B2, in particular between the second area B2 and the fifth area B5, is also referred to as the second game SP2 designated. Preferably, the second clearance SP2 in the closed position S allows for a targeted leakage of fuel from the first port 32 to the second control port 50 in the pressure control valve 30, in particular in the valve housing 58, that is to say it is formed or produced. In other words, the second clearance SP2 is preferably a specifically provided leakage path, via which fuel can flow in the closed position S from the first port 32 into the receptacle 60 and from the receptacle 60 to and into the second control port 50 . As a result, when the valve element 40 is in its closed position S, ie in its closed position, an advantageous outflow of the fuel downstream of the pre-supply pump 14 via the branching point AS to the first connection 32 of the pressure regulator valve 30 can be set with the second clearance SP2 between the opening point M1 of the outlet opening 66 of the first connection 32 in the receptacle 60 and the overlapping valve element 40 in the second area B2, so that a sufficiently large quantity of fuel is made available by the pre-supply pump 14 to the high-pressure pump 12 can be.

Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the first play SP1 is a further, targeted leakage from the first control port 42 to the second port 36, thus forming a targeted, second leakage path in the first region B1 of the valve element 40, via which, in the closed position S and in the open position O of the valve element 40 fuel can flow from the first control port 42 into the receptacle 60 and from the receptacle 60 into and through the second port 36 . The fuel flowing into receptacle 60 from first control port 42 is taken from the pressure side of pre-supply pump 14, and second port 36 is connected to the suction side of pre-supply pump 14, so that there is a corresponding pressure drop in the direction of the suction side, creating the second leakage path is an inevitable leakage and contamination of fuel that has already been filtered by means of the second fuel filter 24 by fuel that has not yet been filtered by means of the second fuel filter 24 can be avoided.

Operation and thus a function of the fuel system 10 are described in more detail and by way of example below: The pre-supply pump 14 draws in the fuel from the reservoir 18 via a fuel supply line 69, in particular the first fuel path 16, whereby the fuel is drawn from the reservoir by means of the pre-supply pump 14 18 is conveyed through the fuel supply line 69 and is thus conveyed towards the pre-supply pump 14 . In addition, as a result, the fuel is conveyed from the reservoir 18 through the fuel filter 22 (pre-filter). The fuel is conducted away from the pre-supply pump 14 and to the high-pressure pump 12 via the fuel filter 24 (main filter), for example at the first fuel pressure, which is also referred to as the delivery pressure. The first fuel pressure acts on the valve element 40 via the first control line 44 and the first control connection 42, in particular on its first side SE1, which is also referred to as the upper side. The fourth fuel pressure prevailing in the return path 26, also referred to as the tank return, acts as a back pressure via the second control line 52 and the second control port 50 on the valve element 40, in particular its second side SE2, with the second side SE2 being opposite the first side SE1 along the direction of movement 45 or is turned away. In other words, the fourth fuel pressure is applied via the second control line 52 and the second control port 50 to the valve element 40, in particular to the second side SE2, which is also referred to as the underside.

A pressure increase at the pre-supply pump 14 leads via the first control point S1, the first control line 44 and the first control port 42 to a higher fuel pressure or to a pressure increase on the side SE1, whereby, for example, the valve element 40, which is initially in the closed position S, moves out of the closed position S moves into the open position O, is therefore opened. As a result, the connections 32 and 36 are fluidically connected to one another, so that the fuel is recirculated from the branch point AS via the connections 32 and 36 to the inlet point ES. This results in a pressure drop at the high-pressure pump inlet of the high-pressure pump 12, so that the valve element 40 is moved, for example, from the open position O back into the closed position S or in the direction of the closed position S. The valve element 40 or the first fuel pressure is thus regulated. In other words, the first fuel pressure is regulated by means of the pressure control valve 30 .

In particular, the pressure control valve 30 is designed as a servo valve. This means in particular that a fuel coming from the first connection 32 can be adjusted at least essentially continuously or steplessly by means of the valve element 40 . In other words, by moving the valve element 40 into the different open positions O, different values of a quantity of fuel flowing through the first connection 32 from the receptacle 60 into the second connection 36 can be set.

The first fuel pressure applied via the first control port 42 to the valve element 40 or acting on the valve element 40 is at least essentially an inlet pressure of the high-pressure pump 12. The fourth fuel pressure acting via the second control port 50 on the valve element 40 or on the valve element 40 is at least essentially a so-called return pressure of the fuel in the return path 26. For example, the first fuel pressure is at least essentially 6 bar. In other words, the fuel at the first control point S1 can have at least essentially 6 bar. It is also conceivable that the pressure of the fuel caused by the pre-supply pump 14 downstream of the pre-supply pump 14 and upstream of the second fuel filter 24 is at least essentially 6 bar, so that the first fuel pressure or that at the first control point S1 prevailing pressure can be 6 bar. 6 bar plus a pressure loss across the second fuel filter 24 can be present at branch point AS. A target pressure at control point S1 can be approx. 6 bar. A pressure loss occurs in the direction of flow. The fuel pressure at branch point AS should therefore be greater than 6 bar (6 bar plus the pressure loss between branch point AS and control point S1 via second fuel filter 24). The third fuel pressure prevailing, for example, at the introduction point ES is, for example, a suction pressure of the presupply pump 14 , the suction pressure being present at the second connection 36 via the fuel return line 38 . Contamination of the clean side or of the first control connection 42 is avoided by the pressure drop from the first control connection 42 to the second connection 36 . The respective play SP1 and SP2 is also referred to as the guide play, since the valve element 40 is guided by means of the valve housing 58 in the areas B1 and B2, for example.

In a non-regulating operation, the valve element 40 is in the closed position S. This means that the valve element 40 is closed. The valve element 40 thus sits with its sealing surface 40a on the valve seat 58a, as a result of which the connections 32 and 36 are fluidically separated from one another, and therefore a flow of fuel from the first connection 32 to the second connection 36 is prevented. When the first fuel pressure increases, i.e. between the presupply pump 14 and the high-pressure pump 12, there is an increase in pressure in the first control port 42, as a result of which the valve element 40, which is embodied, for example, as a valve piston, is moved, in particular pushed, starting from the closed position S into its open position O. There is thus a recirculation of fuel from the pressure side of the pre-supply pump 14 to the suction side of the pre-supply pump 14, as a result of which there is no further increase in pressure at the high-pressure pump inlet. As previously indicated, a targeted leakage is preferably formed by the first clearance SP1, this leakage occurring only from the first control connection 42 to the second connection 36 due to a corresponding pressure gradient or pressure drop. In this way, undesired contamination of the clean side can be avoided. As an alternative or in addition, the second clearance is preferably a second targeted leakage, which occurs exclusively from the first connection 32 to the second control connection 50 due to a corresponding pressure gradient or pressure drop.

The first connection 32 is arranged on said dirty side, with the second control connection 50 being arranged on the clean side. The in particular targeted leakage from the first connection 32 to the second control connection 50, also referred to as forced leakage, means or results in dirty or unfiltered fuel flowing into the return, ie to the clean or filtered fuel. However, this is not critical since the fuel runs back into the tank. The forced leakage from the first connection 32 to the second control connection 50 is not absolutely necessary, but a certain amount of return flow protects against overheating of the fuel in summer, ie at high temperatures.

Pressure control valve 30 includes a mechanical spring 68 in the present case, which can be supported or is supported along direction of movement 45 on the one hand, in particular directly, on valve element 40 and on the other hand, in particular directly, on valve housing 58, in particular on housing element 64. At least in the open position O, the spring 68 sets an in 3 spring force illustrated by a force arrow F3, which, like the second force F2, acts at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element 40 in the second valve element direction and is thus opposed or directed in the opposite direction to the first force F1. The second force F2 and the spring force F3 add up to an overall force that acts at least indirectly, in particular directly, on the valve element 40 in the second valve element direction 48 . The total force is an opposing force that opposes or is directed in the opposite direction to the first force F1. If the first force F1 and the total force from the second force F2 and the third force F3 or the counterforce are in equilibrium while, for example, the valve element 40 is in its open position O, the valve element 40 remains in the open position O, or while if the valve element 40 is in the closed position S, the valve element 40 remains in the closed position S. If the total force from the second force F2 and the third force F3 is greater than the first force F1, the valve element 40 moves from the open position O in the closed position S moves and / or held in the closed position S. If the first force F1 is greater than the total force from the second force F2 and the third force F3, the valve element 40 is held in the open position O and/or is moved from the closed position S into the open position O.

Besides, it's off 1 It can be seen that in fuel supply line 69 and upstream of first fuel filter 22 and downstream of reservoir 18 there is arranged, in particular, an electrical heating element 70, by means of which the fuel flowing through fuel supply line 69 is used on its way from reservoir 18 to first fuel filter 22 electrical energy or electrical current heats up means it can be heated. A check valve 72 is also arranged in fuel supply line 69 downstream of reservoir 18 and upstream of first fuel filter 22, in particular upstream of heating element 70, which blocks or closes in the direction of reservoir 18 and in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of first fuel filter 22 or the heating element 70 opens. A check valve 82 is arranged in the fuel supply line 69 and thus in the fuel path 16 upstream of the first fuel filter 22 and downstream of the heating element 70 , which blocks in the direction of the heating element 70 and opens in the direction of the first fuel filter 22 . A check valve 74 is arranged in the return path 26, in particular in the overall return branch 56, downstream of the collecting element 54 and upstream of the reservoir 18, which closes or blocks in the direction of the reservoir 18 and opens in the direction of the collecting element 54. The opening direction of the check valves 72 and 74 is the same. Both valves are mechanically pushed open when the tank lines are connected. The valves prevent fuel from escaping from the fuel circuit when the tank lines are disconnected.

A spring-loaded check valve 76 is arranged in the return branch 28a, in particular upstream of the collecting element 54 and very particularly upstream of the second control point S2, which opens in the direction of the collecting element 54 or in the direction of the control point S2 and in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of the high-pressure pump 12 (high-pressure fuel pump) closes or blocks. In this case, a throttle 80 is arranged in the return branch 28a downstream of the high-pressure pump 12 and upstream of the check valve 76, which throttle has, for example, a throughflow of 10 liters of fuel per hour. In the return branch 28c, in particular upstream of the collecting element 54, there is a spring-loaded check valve 78 which opens in the direction of the collecting element 54 and closes or blocks in the opposite direction, i.e. in the direction of the fuel distribution element or the injectors. In which 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the second control point S2 is arranged in the return branch 28a, so that the second control port 50, in particular via the second control line 52, can be or is connected fluidly to the return branch 28a of the high-pressure pump 12 at the second control point S2. For example, it would be conceivable for the second control point S2 to be arranged on or in the collector element 54 so that, for example, the second control connection 50 could be or is connected to the collector element 54, in particular via the second control line 52.

4 shows an alternative pressure control valve 30′ in a schematic sectional view, which in particular corresponds to the pressure valve 30 at least with the exception of the differences described below. In comparison to pressure control valve 30, pressure control valve 30' does not have second control port 50. Another difference between pressure control valves 30 and 30' is that pressure control valve 30' has second port 36 at its second end E2 of receptacle 60. The second port 36 can be at the in the 4 not shown housing element 64 are provided.

The pressure control valve 30′ also includes a sealing element 84 embodied, for example, as an O-ring or as some other sealing element, which is preferably formed from an elastic, ie elastically deformable material, in particular from a plastic. The sealing element 84 is supported on the one hand, in particular directly, on the valve housing 58, in particular on the housing element 62, and on the other hand, in particular directly, on the valve element 40, in particular on its outer peripheral lateral surface. In particular, the sealing element 84 can be held on the valve element 40 in a suitable manner, so that when the valve element 40 is displaced in the direction of movement 45, the sealing element 84 moves accordingly. The valve element 40 is sealed off from the valve housing 58 by means of the sealing element 84 . At least in the in the 4 In the open position O shown and preferably also in the closed position S of the valve element 40 of the pressure control valve 30', the sealing element 84 is along the direction of movement of the valve element 40 illustrated by the double arrow 45 between the first control port 42 and the first port 32, in particular between the orifice points M1 and M3 the first connection 32 and the first control connection 42, are arranged. This avoids contamination of the clean side, in particular as a result of a pressure drop from the first connection 32 to the first control connection 42 . In other words, at least in the open position O and preferably also in the closed position S, the first connection 32 and the first control connection 42 are fluidically separated from one another by means of the sealing element 84 . In this way, contamination of the clean side by fuel that has not yet been filtered can be avoided. In the case of the pressure control valve 30', it is also provided that in the closed position S of the valve element 40 there is no targeted leakage between the connections 32 and 36, since in the closed position S the connections 32 and 36 are closed by means of the valve element 40 via the sealing surface 40a and the Valve seat 58a are fluidly separated from each other.

In particular, the closed position S is also referred to as the non-regulating position. Since in the closed position S (non-controlling position) the first port 32 is fluidically isolated from the second port 36 by means of the valve element 40 or vice versa, in the closed position S (not pictorially controlling position) there is no fuel return line connection between the ports 32 and 36 provided.

Alternatively, it would be conceivable for the sealing element 84 to be held on the valve housing 58 so that the valve element 40 can be moved along the direction of movement relative to the valve housing 58 and relative to the sealing element 84, in particular translationally.

Claims (9)

Pressure control valve (30) for setting a pressure of a fuel in a fuel system (10) through which the fuel can flow for an internal combustion engine, having: - a first connection (32) via which the fuel can be introduced into the pressure control valve (30); - a second connection (36); - a valve element (40) which can be moved between at least one closed position (S) fluidically separating the first port (32) from the second port (36) and at least one open position (O) in which the first port (32) communicates with the second connection (36) is fluidically connected, whereby in the open position (O) the fuel introduced via the first connection (32) into the pressure control valve (30) can be discharged from the pressure control valve (30) via the second connection (36); and - a first control connection (42), via which the valve element (40) can be subjected to a first fuel pressure and thereby to a force (F1) resulting from the first fuel pressure, by means of which the valve element (40) can be moved from the closed position (S) movable to the open position (O); wherein the pressure control valve (30) has a second control connection (50) via which the valve element (40) can be acted upon by a fourth fuel pressure and thereby acted upon by a second force (F2) which results from the fourth fuel pressure and is directed in the opposite direction to the force (F1). , by means of which the valve element (40) can be moved from the open position (O) into the closed position (S). characterized in that in the closed position (S) there is a targeted leakage of the fuel from the first connection (32) to the second control connection (50) in the pressure control valve (30). Pressure control valve (30) after claim 1 , characterized in that the pressure control valve (30) has a valve housing (58) which delimits a receptacle (60) in which the valve element (40) along a direction of movement (45) between the closed position (S) and the open position (O) relative to the valve housing (58) is accommodated in a translationally movable manner. Pressure control valve (30) after claim 2 , characterized in that along the direction of movement (45) the receptacle (60) is closed at its two ends (E1, E2) both in the closed position (S) and in the (O) open position. Pressure control valve (30) after claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the first connection (32), the second connection (36), the first control connection (42) and the second control connection (50) along a direction running obliquely or perpendicularly to the direction of movement (45) into the receptacle (60) flow. Pressure control valve (30) according to one of claims 2 until 4 , characterized in that the first connection (32), the second connection (36), the first control connection (42) and the second control connection (50) at respective spaced apart openings (M1, M2, M3, M4) in the recording (60) flow. Pressure control valve (30) after claim 5 , characterized in that the opening (M2) of the second connection (36) along the direction of movement (45) lies between the openings (M3, M1) of the first control connection (42) and the first connection (32). Pressure control valve (30) after claim 5 or 6 , characterized in that the opening (M1) of the first connection (32) along the direction of movement (45) lies between the openings (M4, M2) of the second control connection (50) and the second connection (36). Pressure control valve (30) according to one of Claims 5 until 7 , characterized in that an outlet opening (66) of the first connection (32), which is arranged at the outlet point (M1) of the first connection (32), which outlet opening at its outlet point (M1) via the outlet opening (66) into the receptacle (60). , is completely overlapped by the valve element (40) with a second play (SP2) at least in the closed position (S) of the valve element along a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement (45) and pointing towards the valve element (40). Fuel system (10) for delivering fuel for an internal combustion engine at least one pressure control valve (30) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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