DE102020205255A1 - Heat storage and heating circuit device including one such - Google Patents

Abstract

Shown and described is heat storage for storing thermal energy, in particular for a heating circuit system and / or hot water supply with at least one heat generator and at least one heat consumer, comprising at least one storage tank for a heat transfer medium, the storage tank having a storage tank wall, the storage tank wall enclosing a storage volume, and further comprising at least a first, a second, a third and a fourth connection (41, 43, 45, 47) on the storage container, which are formed in the wall of the storage container for the purpose of inlet or outlet of the heat transfer medium, so that the heat transfer medium flows into or out of the storage container each connection on the outside of the storage container wall can be connected to a pipe. According to the invention, the first connection connection (41) on the inside of the storage container is provided by means of a pipe most storage throughflow pipe (27) is connected to the second connection connection (43), that the first storage throughflow pipe (27) has an opening (29) into the storage container, that inside the storage container the third connection connection (45) by means of a second storage throughflow pipe (35) with the fourth Connection connection (47) is connected and that the second storage throughflow pipe (35) has an opening (37) into the storage.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a heat accumulator according to the preamble of claim 1 and a heating circuit system which includes such a heat accumulator.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Heating systems comprising one or more heat generators, one or more consumers and at least one thermal energy store are widespread.

The disclosure document DE 10 2006 034 214 A1 shows an example of a heating system with an oil / gas boiler, a heating circuit and a solar buffer storage tank, the buffer storage tank being integrated into the return flow via a three-way distributor. More generally, it is a heating system with a generator, consumer and buffer storage. During operation, such a buffer store experiences quite a thorough mixing.

In the utility model DE 20 2009 000 205 U1 a special distribution switch is presented, which allows all kinds of possible types of energy generating devices and consumers to be connected, with the advantage that there is also a hydraulic balance on the generator and consumer side.

The assembly of heat generator and heat consumer systems with heat storage is often quite complex. In addition, such systems require a relatively large amount of space due to the often time-consuming or complex line system that is necessary to hydraulically connect the individual components to one another. In addition, it is often disadvantageous that a storage medium contained in the buffer is mixed up to a relatively large extent during operation by the producer and consumer.

There is therefore a need for space-saving, yet versatile solutions that can be installed easily and without errors.

TASK

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an alternative solution for the simplified hydraulic connection of the individual components of heating systems, in particular of systems with heat storage. Such a solution is preferably intended to facilitate assembly. In addition, the space requirement and clarity of a heating system, in particular a system with at least one generator, one consumer and one heat store, should be improved.

In particular, it is an aim to find solutions that make it possible to change the pipeline system between the generator, consumer and storage tank in such a way that assembly work can be carried out easily, flawlessly and thus inexpensively and / or the pipeline system between the system components is more space-saving or its relocation can be carried out to save space. Another aim is to provide a solution that allows optimal and versatile use of the heat storage.

DESCRIPTION

The object is achieved with a heat accumulator and a heating circuit system according to the claims.

• - einen Speicherbehälter für ein Wärmeträgermedium, der Speicherbehälter aufweisend eine Speicherbehälterwandung, wobei die Speicherbehälterwandung ein Speichervolumen umschliesst,
• - mindestens eine erste, eine zweite, eine dritte und eine vierte Anschlussverbindung am Speicherbehälter, welche zwecks Einlass oder Auslass des Wärmeträgermediums in der Wandung des Speicherbehälters ausgebildet sind, sodass das Wärmeträgermedium in den Speicherbehälter einfliessen oder ausfliessen kann, wobei jede Anschlussverbindungen an der Speicherbehälterwandungsaussenseite mit je bzw. wenigstens je einer Rohrleitung verbindbar ist, wobei sich der Wärmespeicher dadurch auszeichnet,
• - dass speicherbehälterinnenseitig die erste Anschlussverbindung mittels eines ersten Speicherdurchlaufrohrs mit der zweiten Anschlussverbindung verbunden ist,
• - dass das erste Speicherdurchlaufrohr eine Öffnung in den Speicherbehälter aufweist,
• - dass speicherbehälterinnenseitig die dritte Anschlussverbindung mittels eines zweiten Speicherdurchlaufrohrs mit der vierten Anschlussverbindung verbunden ist und
• - dass das zweite Speicherdurchlaufrohr eine Öffnung in den Speicher aufweist.

In particular, a heat storage device for storing thermal energy is presented, in particular for a heating circuit system and / or hot water supply with at least one heat generator and at least one heat consumer, comprising at least one

• - A storage tank for a heat transfer medium, the storage tank having a storage tank wall, the storage tank wall enclosing a storage volume,
• - At least a first, a second, a third and a fourth connection on the storage tank, which are formed in the wall of the storage tank for the purpose of inlet or outlet of the heat transfer medium, so that the heat transfer medium can flow into or out of the storage tank, with each connection on the outside of the storage tank wall each or at least one pipeline can be connected, the heat accumulator being characterized by
• - that on the inside of the storage tank, the first connection connection is connected to the second connection connection by means of a first storage flow pipe,
• - That the first storage flow pipe has an opening into the storage tank,
• - That the storage container inside the third connection connection is connected to the fourth connection connection by means of a second storage through-flow pipe and
• - That the second storage flow pipe has an opening into the storage.

It is preferred that the opening of the first storage through-flow pipe is arranged higher than the opening of the second storage through-flow pipe.

This means that the feed level of the opening of the first storage flow pipe, i.e. the first opening, placed higher than the feed level of the opening of the second storage flow tube, i.e. the second opening.

It is preferred that the first storage throughflow pipe has at least one branching pipe (e.g. horizontally aligned or designed as a rising or sinking pipe) and / or the second storage throughflow pipe has at least one branching pipe (e.g. horizontally aligned or designed as a rising or sinking pipe) which over its first end emerges from the pipe wall of the respective storage flow pipe and forms the respective opening at its second end.

Optionally, the at least one branching pipe can be arranged as a riser pipe essentially rising in the reservoir, preferably rising vertically, so that the opening of the second end is arranged higher than the first end.

Alternatively, the at least one branching pipe can be arranged as a sinking pipe, essentially descending in the reservoir, preferably vertically descending, so that the opening of the second end is arranged lower than the first end.

Regardless of whether a branching pipe is present or how the branching pipe is designed, it is preferred that the respective opening is designed such that the flow exits the opening into the storage volume in a substantially horizontal direction.

In particular, in the case of an ascending or descending pipe, the second end of the at least one ascending or descending pipe can be curved towards the opening, so that the flow emerges from the opening essentially in a horizontal direction.

It is preferred that on the outside of the storage container the first connection connection is arranged closer to the fourth connection connection than to the second connection connection and that the third connection connection is arranged closer to the second connection connection on the outside of the storage container than to the fourth connection connection.

The first connection connection serves as an inlet for a heat generator-side flow, the second connection connection as an outlet for a heat consumer-side flow, the third connection connection as an inlet for a heat consumer-side return, and the fourth connection connection as an outlet for a heat generator-side return.

Conveniently, the connection connections on the outside of the storage container can be connected to pipelines or hydraulically connected to pipelines.

Further connection connections can be provided on the storage tank for the purpose of circulating the heat transfer medium in a second heat generator circuit (the second heat generator circuit containing a second heat generator), in particular at least a fifth connection connection with a pipe opening, which is suitable as the inlet of the flow of the second heat generator, and a sixth connection connection with Pipe opening which is suitable as an outlet for the return of the second heat generator.

• - einen Wärmeerzeuger, welcher Wärmeenergie erzeugt und auf ein Wärmeträgermedium überträgt,
• - einen Wärmeabnehmer, welcher die Wärmeenergie über das Wärmeträgermedium abnimmt,
• - ein Rohrleitungssystem mit Vorlauf und Rücklauf zum Transport des Wärmeträgermediums über den Vorlauf vom Wärmeerzeuger zum Wärmeabnehmer und über den Rücklauf vom Wärmeabnehmer zum Wärmeerzeuger,
• - einen Wärmespeicher mit einem Speichervolumen bzw. ein Speichervolumen definierend, vorzugsweise gemäss dem vorangehend beschriebenen Wärmespeicher, zur Zwischenspeicherung der Wärmeenergie, wobei der Wärmespeicher einen Speicherbehälter umfasst, welcher aussenseitig derart mit dem Rohrleitungssystem verbunden ist, dass Vorlauf und Rücklauf durch den Speicherbehälter fliessen, wodurch in Bezug auf den Speicher der Vorlauf in einen wärmeerzeugerseitigen Vorlauf und einen wärmeabnehmerseitigen Vorlauf aufgetrennt wird und der Rücklauf in einen wärmeabnehmerseitigen Rücklauf und einen wärmeerzeugerseitigen Rücklauf aufgetrennt wird, wobei sich die Heizkreislaufanlage dadurch auszeichnet,
• - dass innerhalb des Speicherbehälters der wärmeerzeugerseitige Vorlauf mittels eines ersten Speicherdurchlaufrohrs mit dem wärmeabnehmerseitigen Vorlauf verbunden ist,
• - dass das erste Speicherdurchlaufrohr eine Öffnung zum Speichervolumen aufweist,
• - dass innerhalb des Speicherbehälters der wärmeabnehmerseitige Rücklauf mittels eines zweiten Speicherdurchlaufrohrs mit dem wärmeerzeugerseitigen Rücklauf verbunden ist und
• - dass das zweite Speicherdurchlaufrohr eine Öffnung zum Speichervolumen aufweist.

A heating circuit system comprising at least one is disclosed below

• - a heat generator that generates thermal energy and transfers it to a heat transfer medium,
• - a heat consumer, which takes the heat energy via the heat transfer medium,
• - a pipeline system with flow and return for transporting the heat transfer medium via the flow from the heat generator to the heat consumer and via the return from the heat consumer to the heat generator,
• - Defining a heat accumulator with a storage volume or a storage volume, preferably according to the heat accumulator described above, for the intermediate storage of the thermal energy, the heat accumulator comprising a storage container which is externally connected to the pipeline system in such a way that the flow and return flow through the storage container, whereby in relation to the storage tank, the flow is separated into a heat generator-side flow and a heat consumer-side flow and the return is separated into a heat consumer-side return and a heat generator-side return, the heating circuit system being characterized by:
• - that within the storage tank the heat generator-side flow is connected to the heat consumer-side flow by means of a first storage flow pipe,
• - That the first storage flow pipe has an opening to the storage volume,
• - That within the storage tank, the heat consumer-side return by means of a second storage flow pipe is connected to the heat generator-side return and
• - That the second storage flow pipe has an opening to the storage volume.

It is preferred that the opening of the first storage through-flow pipe (or the opening in the flow) is arranged higher than the opening of the second storage through-flow pipe (or the opening in the return).

It is preferred that the storage tank has an inlet on the heat generator side and an outlet for the flow on the heat consumer side, with a first flow pipe being connected to the inlet on the heat generator side and a second flow pipe on the heat consumer side to the outlet on the outside of the storage tank, and the storage tank having an inlet on the heat consumer side and an outlet on the heat generator side for the return flow, with a first return pipe on the heat consumer side being connected to the inlet and a second return pipe on the heat generator side being connected to the outlet outside the storage tank.

It is preferred that the first storage tank flow pipe connects the inlet for the heat generator-side flow to the outlet on the storage tank side, and the second storage tank flow pipe on the storage tank side connects the heat consumer-side inlet for the return to the heat generator-side outlet.

• - neben dem vorgenannten Wärmeerzeuger, welcher als erster Wärmeerzeuger der Anlage dient, einen zweiten Wärmeerzeuger,
• - ein zweites Rohrleitungssystem mit Vorlaufrohren und Rücklaufrohren, welche zwecks Transport des Wärmeträgermediums aus dem Speicher bzw. aus dem Speichervolumen zum zweiten Wärmeerzeuger und zurück in den Speicher bzw. in das Speichervolumen den zweiten Wärmeerzeuger mit dem Speicher hydraulisch verbinden,

wobei der Wärmespeicher, derart mit dem zweiten Rohrleitungssystem verbunden ist, dass der Vorlauf des zweiten Rohrleitungssystems in das Speichervolumen des Speicherbehälters fliesst und der Rücklauf des zweiten Rohrleitungssystems aus dem Speichervolumen des Speicherbehälters abgezogen wird.For example, the system can further comprise

• - In addition to the aforementioned heat generator, which serves as the first heat generator of the system, a second heat generator,
• - A second pipeline system with flow pipes and return pipes, which hydraulically connect the second heat generator to the storage unit for the purpose of transporting the heat transfer medium from the storage unit or from the storage volume to the second heat generator and back into the storage unit or into the storage volume,

wherein the heat accumulator is connected to the second pipeline system in such a way that the flow of the second pipeline system flows into the storage volume of the storage container and the return flow of the second pipeline system is withdrawn from the storage volume of the storage container.

It is preferred that at least one pump is provided on the heat generator side and / or at least one pump is provided on the heat consumer side.

It is preferred that a pump is provided in the return and / or in the flow on the heat generator side.

It is preferred that a pump is provided in the return and / or in the flow on the heat consumer side.

It is preferred that the heating circuit system contains a regulation or control by means of which the pumps are regulated.

The heat transfer medium usually contains water or consists essentially of water, in particular water in a liquid state.

The heating circuit system can in particular be operated with a control program for controlling a heating circuit system, which takes into account the particular design of the heat accumulator and is adapted to it. Such a control program and a data carrier containing such a control program are also disclosed.

The optional features mentioned can be implemented in any combination, provided they are not mutually exclusive.

Further advantages, features and preferred designs emerge from the description that follows.

Figure list

• 1: eine Heizkreislaufeinrichtung mit Erzeuger, Abnehmer und Speicher;
• 2: eine Heizkreislaufeinrichtung nach 1 in Betrieb unter Betriebskondition A;
• 3: eine Heizkreislaufeinrichtung nach 1 in Betrieb unter Betriebskondition B oder D;
• 4: eine Heizkreislaufeinrichtung nach 1 in Betrieb unter Betriebskondition C;
• 5: eine Heizkreislaufeinrichtung mit einem ersten Erzeuger, einem zweiten Erzeuger, einem Abnehmer und einem Speicher.

It shows in a schematic representation that is not true to scale:

• 1 : a heating circuit device with generator, consumer and storage;
• 2 : a heating circuit device according to 1 in operation under operating condition A;
• 3 : a heating circuit device according to 1 in operation under operating condition B or D;
• 4th : a heating circuit device according to 1 in operation under operating condition C;
• 5 : a heating circuit device with a first generator, a second generator, a consumer and a memory.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the following, the same reference numbers are used for identical or functionally identical elements in different figures.

In 1 is a heating system (also called a heating circuit system) with a heat generator 13 , Heat consumer 15th and heat storage 11 shown. The heat generator 13 generates thermal energy and transfers it to a heat transfer medium. The heat consumer 15th is a consumer. Heat generator 13 and heat consumers 15th are spaced apart, ie at different locations. For the purpose of heat transfer from the generator 13 on the buyer 15th is the heat transfer medium from the generator 13 where it absorbs heat energy to the consumer 15th where it gives off thermal energy. The heat transfer medium is transported by means of a pipeline system. The heat transfer medium is preferably water.

The piping system of the heating system includes a flow from the generator 13 to the customer 15th runs and thus connects them, as well as a return, which from the buyer 15th to the producer 13 runs and thus connects them again. Overall, the pipeline system forms a circuit in which the heat transfer medium can circulate. The circulation of the heat transfer medium can be done by pumping 21st , 23 set in motion, maintained and, if necessary, controlled by means of this. Flow and return, ie the lines in which flow and return flow, are partially via a storage tank 11 , ie in particular through the container of a heat storage device.

The flow is expediently made up of at least three pipeline sections: a first section 25th which from the producer 13 to the store 11 or storage tank and which is hereinafter also referred to as generator-side flow or generator flow; a second section 27 which by the store 11 or storage tank runs and which is also referred to below as the first storage cycle or storage cycle in the lead; and a third section 31 which from memory 11 or storage container to the customer 15th runs and which is also referred to below as the customer-side feed or customer feed.

The return is expediently also composed of at least three pipeline sections: a first section 33 which of the customer 15th to the store 11 or storage tank and which is hereinafter also referred to as the customer return or customer return; a second section 35 which by the store 11 or storage tank runs and which is hereinafter also referred to as the second storage cycle or storage cycle in the return flow; and a third section 39 which from memory 11 or storage tank to the generator 13 and which is also referred to below as the generator-side return or generator return.

The pipelines assigned to the three sections of the flow thus become the flow pipe on the heat generator side 25th , Storage flow pipe in the flow 27 and supply pipe on the downstream side 31 called. The pipelines allocated to the three sections of the return flow become the return pipe on the customer side 33 , second storage flow pipe 35 in return and return pipe on the generator side 39 called.

The temperature of the flow is higher than the temperature of the return, as the temperature of the heat transfer medium heated in the generator increases after it has passed through the consumer 15th decreased due to the heat emission.

At the heat generator 13 For example, it can be a heat pump, a boiler, for example for oil or gas heating, a solar thermal system or something else. At the heat consumer 13 For example, it can be radiators, floor heating or something else. The connection of several heat generators and / or several heat consumers is also conceivable.

The heat storage 11 is inserted into the circuit for the purpose of (temporary) storage of thermal energy. The memory 11 essentially contains a storage container with a certain internal volume, ie a volume for storing the heat transfer medium. The storage container or the feed container wall has a container outside and a container inside, the container inside enclosing the storage volume. The heat storage 11 is connected to the pipeline system in such a way that, on the one hand, a section 27 of the forerun and on the other a section 35 of the return is integrated in the heat storage tank. This is what the heat storage tank has to offer 11 At least four pipe connections on the outside of the container 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 on. Two of these connections 41 , 43 are preferably inside the container via a first storage flow pipe 27 hydraulically connected to each other. The other two ports 45 , 47 are preferably inside the container via a second storage flow pipe 35 hydraulically connected to each other. On the one hand, this can reduce the flow from the producer 13 flowing in through the first storage flow pipe 27 flowing through to the customer 15th and on the other hand the return from the customer 15th flowing in through the second storage flow pipe 35 flowing through to the heat generator 13 be directed. The storage flow pipes 27 and 35 allow the heat transfer medium to flow through at any time.

The connections 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 are designed as pipe connectors, which are preferably integrated or fixed in the wall of the storage container are installed and thus form a passage for the heat transfer medium for the purpose of heat transfer flow through the container wall. Any of the connections 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 is designed on the outside of the container in such a way that they can each be connected to at least one pipeline for assembly purposes. On the inside of the container, two connections, as shown above, are connected to one another, preferably prefabricated, via a storage flow pipe. In a preferred embodiment, especially at the connections 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 , no automatically controllable valves necessary or provided.

Each of the two connections 41 , 43 or 45 , 47 hydraulically interconnecting flow pipes 27 , 35 , run through the storage volume and are therefore integrated inside the storage tank.

The connection connections are conveniently located on the outside of the storage container 41 , which serves as an inlet for a heat generator-side flow, and the connection connection 47 , which serves as an outlet for a heat generator-side return, arranged in a first group, while the connection 43 , which serves as an outlet for a heat consumer-side flow, and the connection connection 45 , which serves as an inlet for a heat consumer-side return, are arranged in a second group, wherein the two groups are spaced further apart than the two connection connections of a group are spaced apart.

Each of the storage flow tubes 27 , 35 has an opening 29 , 37 on, which opens into the storage volume of the container. The opening 29 , 37 can be installed directly in the wall of the respective storage flow pipe 27 , 25th be arranged. However, if the position of the respective opening (for example in height) is to be different from that of the flow pipe itself and / or if an outflow direction for an emerging storage medium is to be better defined, the opening is preferably not directly in the wall of the respective storage flow pipe 27 , 35 formed, but is each of a pipe branching off from the flow pipe 28 , 36 formed, which is the wall side of the respective storage flow pipe 27 , 35 goes off and opens into the storage volume. In the 1 such a branching pipe is exemplified as a riser pipe 28 , 36 educated. Risers 28 , 36 are preferably designed in such a way that they are separated from the respective storage flow pipe 27 , 35 are arranged outgoing essentially rising. The branching pipes 28 , 36 also show - advantageously just before the respective opening 29 , 37 - a bend, so that a heat transfer medium, which may possibly pour out of the opening into the storage volume, emerges essentially in the horizontal direction from the respective opening 29 , 37 exit.

The opening 29 of the first flow pipe 27 or first riser pipe 28 is higher than the opening 37 of the second flow pipe 35 or second riser pipe 37 . Due to the difference in height between the two openings 29 and 37 assigns the memory 11 two feed levels, a first, higher feed level for the incoming flow and a second, lower feed level for the incoming return. The difference in height between the two openings is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 15 cm, more preferably at least 25 cm. The term “higher than” refers to a height comparison in the operational position of the tank.

Instead of the ascending riser pipes described and shown in the figures 28 , 37 the pipes branching off from the flow pipes could for example be designed as descending sink pipes. Vertically oriented branching pipes are also conceivable, for example when the flow pipes themselves are arranged at different height levels.

With heat storage 11 it is preferably a water heat store. Essentially, water is used as the heat transfer medium.

In the heating circuit is in relation to the memory 11 at least one pump on the heat generator side 21st and at least one pump on the heat consumer side 23 intended.

As in 1 can be shown on the heat consumer side 19th the at least one pump 23 for example in the flow (ie along the pipeline 31 ) be provided.

The at least one pump is on the heat generator side 21st in the return (ie along the pipeline 39 ) intended.

The heating circuit presented here is expediently via the pumps 21st , 23 regulated. One or more regulating devices thus essentially control the pumps by controlling the volume flow of the various pumps to regulate operation, preferably depending on user requirements and / or operator specifications.

1. a) bei gleichem Volumendurchfluss der ersten Pumpe 21 und zweiten Pumpe 23 der gesamte Vorlauf direkt und ungemischt (d.h. ohne Durchmischung mit dem Speichervolumen) weiter zum Abnehmer 15 und wieder zurück zum Erzeuger.
2. b) bei grösserem Volumendurchfluss der ersten Pumpe 21 als der zweiten Pumpe 23 ein Teil des Vorlaufs durch die erste Öffnung 29 in den Speicher; lediglich ein Teil des Vorlaufs fliesst aufgrund des Volumendurchflusses der zweiten Pumpe 23 direkt und ungemischt weiter zum Abnehmer. Aufgrund des grösseren Volumendurchflusses der ersten Pumpe 21 wird zudem der Abnehmerrückfluss im Speicherdurchlaufrohr mit zusätzlich durch die zweite Öffnung 37 aus dem Speichervolumen angesogenem Wärmeträgermedium gemischt. Abnehmer und Speicher werden daher direkt mit Wärmeenergie vom Erzeuger beliefert. Arbeitet die zweite Pumpe 23 gar nicht, dann fliesst der gesamte Vorlauf in das Speichervolumen und der gesamte Rückfluss kommt aus dem Speichervolumen - mit der Konsequenz, dass dann Wärmeenergie lediglich in das Speichervolumen eingetragen wird bzw. der Speicher wird mit Wärmeenergie aufgestockt.
3. c) bei grösserem Volumendurchfluss der zweiten Pumpe 23 als der ersten Pumpe 21 der gesamte Vorlauf direkt weiter zum Abnehmer 15, jedoch mischt sich dabei zusätzliches Wärmeträgermedium, das durch die erste Öffnung 29 aus dem Speicher angesogen wird, mit ein. Aufgrund des grösseren Volumendurchflusses der zweiten Pumpe 23 wird sich zudem ein Teil des Abnehmerrückflusses durch die zweite Öffnung 37 in den Speicher ergiessen. In dieser Situation nutzt der Abnehmer ein Mix aus Wärmeenergie direkt aus dem Erzeuger sowie einen Anteil Wärmeenergie aus dem Speicher. Arbeitet die erste Pumpe 21 gar nicht, dann wird der Abnehmer lediglich mit Wärmeenergie aus dem Speicher beliefert bzw. die Heizung mit der Speicherenergie betrieben.

Due to the in 1 presented arrangement of the connections on the heat storage 11 and the pipes in the heat storage tank 11 does the in 1 The heating circuit shown has the following properties, among others: When the first pump is operating 21st flow flows from the producer 13 to the first flow pipe 27 . Depending on the volume flow of the second pump 23 flows

1. a) with the same volume flow of the first pump 21st and second pump 23 the entire flow directly and unmixed (ie without mixing with the storage volume) on to the consumer 15th and back to the producer.
2. b) with a larger volume flow of the first pump 21st than the second pump 23 part of the flow through the first opening 29 in memory; only part of the supply flows due to the volume flow of the second pump 23 directly and unmixed to the customer. Due to the larger volume flow of the first pump 21st In addition, the customer return flow in the storage flow pipe is also through the second opening 37 mixed from the heat transfer medium sucked in from the storage volume. Consumers and storage are therefore supplied directly with thermal energy from the producer. The second pump works 23 not at all, then the entire flow flows into the storage volume and the entire return flow comes from the storage volume - with the consequence that thermal energy is then only entered into the storage volume or the storage is topped up with thermal energy.
3. c) with a larger volume flow of the second pump 23 than the first pump 21st the entire flow directly to the customer 15th , however, additional heat transfer medium mixes through the first opening 29 is sucked in from the memory with a. Due to the larger volume flow of the second pump 23 Part of the customer return flow will also flow through the second opening 37 Pour into storage. In this situation, the customer uses a mix of thermal energy directly from the generator and a proportion of thermal energy from the storage. The first pump works 21st not at all, then the customer is only supplied with thermal energy from the storage or the heating is operated with the storage energy.

From the above it follows that the heating circuit system can be operated in different operating modes. Different operating modes are described below using the 2 to 4th Describe in Examples 1 to 4 below.

In the 2 to 4th The examples shown use the same reference numerals for the same components as in the heating circuit described above 1 .

EXAMPLE 1

Operation without significant memory usage, shown below using 2 .

Both pumps 21st and 23 move essentially the same amount of heat transfer medium (ie especially the same amount of water) in the same time. This means that the pumps work in such a way that the same flow rates per unit of time in the generator circuit 17th and among customers 19th surrender.

This operating mode can generally be described in that when the heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th is defined as essentially 100% heat transfer medium flow, in comparison to the heat transfer medium flow in the consumer circuit 19th also essentially amounts to 100%, while consequently the flow of heat transfer medium into and out of the storage tank 11 is essentially 0%.

• - 100% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Erzeugerkreis 17,
• - 100% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Abnehmerkreis 19,
• - 0% Wärmeträgermeidumfluss in den bzw. aus dem Speicher 11.

That means in particular:

• - 100% heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th ,
• - 100% heat transfer medium flow in the customer circuit 19th ,
• - 0% heat transfer medium flow into or out of the storage tank 11 .

This is the in the heat generator 13 The heat generated is transported directly to the customer using a heat transfer medium. Directly means here that the heat transfer medium flows through the first storage flow pipe 27 flows without a river in the first riser 28 takes place, ie without the heat transfer medium coming from the generator exchanging or mixing with the stationary heat transfer medium in the storage tank. There is thus essentially no flow through the first riser pipe 28 instead of. If one disregards losses due to waste heat in the installation (especially via pipe walls), ideally 100% of the heat energy generated in the heat generator is transported from the generator to the customer or offered to the customer.

That from the customer 15th Returning heat transfer medium is also returned directly to the heat generator. Direct means here that the heat transfer medium flows through the second storage flow pipe 35 flows without a river in the second riser 36 takes place, ie without the heat transfer medium coming from the consumer exchanging or mixing with the stationary heat transfer medium in the storage tank. There is therefore also essentially no flow through the second riser pipe 36 instead of.

In the operation described here, there is essentially no intermediate storage in the memory. In particular, the heat transfer medium flows through the flow tubes 27 , 35 , but not through the respective outlet 29 , 37 the flow tubes 27 , 35 , directly from the producer 13 to the customer 15th .

In this context, direct means that the heat medium passes through the storage flow pipes 27 and 35 flows without flowing through the riser pipes. In so far as no heat medium flows from the storage area into the generator flow, there is also no mixing with the stationary heat transfer medium in the storage tank.

This operating mode described here is selected or used in particular when the consumer needs or is to use the entire generated thermal energy.

EXAMPLE 2

Operation with storage use with reduced consumption compared to generator production (ie operation with thermal energy input into the storage or exclusive heat input into the storage), shown below using 3 .

The pump 21st in the heat generator circuit 17th moves a larger amount of heat transfer medium (ie especially a larger amount of water) than the pump 23 in the heat consumer circuit 19th in the same time. This means that the pumps work in such a way that there is a greater flow rate in the generator circuit per unit of time 17th results than in the customer base 19th . This results in some flow going through the first riser pipe 28 or the first opening 29 results in the memory and as a result a corresponding backflow through the second opening 37 or the second riser pipe 36 from memory 11 into the producer cycle and thus to the producer 13 back.

This operating mode can generally be described by the fact that if the heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th is defined as 100% heat transfer medium flow, in comparison to the heat transfer medium flow in the consumer circuit 19th is less than 100%, while consequently the heat transfer medium flow into and out of the storage tank 11 is more than 0%, i.e. there is a certain flow into and out of the memory. Overall, the sum corresponds to the heat transfer medium flow rate in the consumer group 19th and the amount of heat transfer medium flowing into the storage tank 11 preferably the heat transfer medium flow rate in the generator circuit 17th .

• - 100% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Erzeugerkreis 17,
• - 30% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Abnehmerkreis 19,
• - 70% Wärmeträgermeidumfluss in den bzw. aus dem Speicher 11.

For example:

• - 100% heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th ,
• - 30% heat transfer medium flow in the consumer circuit 19th ,
• - 70% heat transfer medium flow into or out of the storage tank 11 .

This is what happens in the heat generator 13 heated heat transfer medium is transported partly (directly) to the consumer and partly into the storage tank. The one from the heat generator 13 The incoming flow is in the pipe fork of the storage flow pipe 27 and riser pipe 28 divided up. It is therefore dependent on the volume flow difference in the generator circuit 17th and among customers 19th a certain heat transfer medium flow through the first riser pipe 28 into memory 11 instead of. This is at least a part of the in the heat generator 13 heated heat transfer medium (and thus a certain heat energy) carried into the memory, while at the same time heat transfer medium, preferably cooler heat transfer medium from a deeper level in the memory 11 , is returned from the storage tank to the heat generator.

That from the customer 15th Returning heat transfer medium becomes the heat generator directly 13 returned, whereby the customer 15th returning heat transfer medium with that from the storage tank 11 through the opening 37 recirculating heat medium mixes.

In the operation described here, there is a thermal energy input into the storage tank 11 instead of. Depending on the ratio of the heat transfer medium from the flow to the storage tank and from the flow to the consumer, more or less that in the generator will be 13 generated energy transported to the storage.

This operating mode described here is selected or used in particular when heat is to be carried into the storage tank which is to be available to the consumer at a later point in time.

EXAMPLE 3

Operation with exclusive use of storage energy for consumption by the customer (ie with the heat generator switched off or ineffective heat generation in the generator), shown below using 4th .

It just becomes the pump 23 in the heat consumer circuit 19th operated. This means that the heat transfer medium essentially only flows in the customer circle 19th . This leads to Heat transfer medium through the first opening 29 from memory 11 into the customer cycle 19th is sucked by the customer 15th flows and over the second opening 37 , which is preferably created on a lower feed level than the first opening 29 , back to memory 11 flows.

This operating mode can generally be described by the fact that if the heat transfer medium flow in the consumer circuit 19th 100% and at the same time the heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th 0%, consequently the heat transfer medium flow into and out of the storage tank 11 is also 100%.

• - 0% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Erzeugerkreis 17,
• - 100% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Abnehmerkreis 19,
• - 100% Wärmeträgermeidumfluss in den bzw. aus dem Speicher 11.

That means in particular:

• - 0% heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th ,
• - 100% heat transfer medium flow in the customer circuit 19th ,
• - 100% heat transfer medium flow into or out of the storage tank 11 .

This becomes the buyer 15th essentially 100% with heat transfer medium from the storage tank 11 or supplied from the storage volume. By removing the warmer heat transfer medium from higher areas in the container and after it has passed through the consumer 15th is returned to a deeper area of the container, the supply of the consumer can for a certain time 15th be maintained with thermal energy (especially without the simultaneous supply of energy from the energy generator 13 into memory 11 ).

In the operation described here, essentially the thermal energy of the heat transfer medium is stored in the storage unit 11 used or used up.

This operating mode described here is particularly selected or used when the generator 13 does not generate heat. This is particularly the case when there is enough thermal energy in the storage tank 11 located so that the buyer 15th temporarily without heat generation by the generator 13 can be supplied with thermal energy.

EXAMPLE 4

Operation with storage tank usage with increased flow in the consumer circuit compared to the generator circuit, shown below using 3 .

The pump 23 in the heat consumer circuit 19th moves a larger amount of heat transfer medium (ie especially a larger amount of water) than the pump 21st in the heat generator circuit 17th in the same time. This means that the pumps work in such a way that there is a greater flow rate per unit of time in the consumer circuit 19th results than in the group of producers 17th . This means that the flow from the generator circuit with an additional amount of heat transfer medium, which through the first opening 29 or the first riser pipe 28 from memory 11 is sucked in, mixes, which means that the temperature of the flow drops (insofar as it is assumed that the storage tank is at a lower temperature than the flow coming from the generator). In addition, there is a certain return flow from the customer base 19th through the second riser 36 or the second opening 37 into memory 11 inside.

This operating mode can generally be described by the fact that if the heat transfer medium flow in the consumer circuit 19th is defined as 100% heat transfer medium flow, in comparison to the heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th is less than 100%, while consequently the heat transfer medium flow into and out of the storage tank 11 is more than 0%. Overall, the sum corresponds to the heat transfer medium flow rate in the generator circuit 17th and the amount of heat transfer medium flowing into the storage tank 11 preferably the heat transfer medium flow rate in the consumer circuit 19th .

• - 100% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Abnehmerkreis 19,
• - 30% Wärmeträgermediumdurchfluss im Erzeugerkreis 17,
• - 70% Wärmeträgermediumfluss in den bzw. aus dem Speicher 11.

For example:

• - 100% heat transfer medium flow in the customer circuit 19th ,
• - 30% heat transfer medium flow in the generator circuit 17th ,
• - 70% heat transfer medium flow into or out of the storage tank 11 .

This is what happens in the heat generator 13 heated heat transfer medium mixed with an inflow from the storage tank. The one from the heat generator 13 The incoming flow and the inflow coming from the storage tank are in the pipe fork of the storage flow pipe 27 and riser pipe 28 mixed, which leads to a lower flow temperature on the customer side.

That from the customer 15th returning heat transfer medium becomes part of the heat generator 13 recycled, with an excess flowing through the opening 37 into memory 11 poured out.

EXAMPLE 5

The different operating conditions shown in Examples 1-4 enable the heat accumulator according to the invention presented here to be used in a variety of ways. The following is based on 5 an exemplary practical application in a heating circuit system, in which, in contrast to the previous examples a second heat generator is available. The in 5 The illustrated embodiment are used for components that correspond to those in 1 match, the same reference numerals are used; however, additional components are marked with new reference numbers.

In 5 is the heating circuit system as it is based on the 1 is described, expanded by a second heat generator 51 . The second heat generator 51 can in addition to the first heat generator 13 also heat in the memory 11 bring in. The second heat generator 51 for this purpose draws heat transfer medium directly from the storage volume of the storage tank 11 from, heats it up and transports it back into the storage volume. The second heat generator 51 is thus in a second heat generator circuit 53 involved. The second heat generator circuit thus contains return pipes 57 and flow pipes 55 , which each in a return and a flow the second heat generator 51 Connect hydraulically to the storage volume or to the storage 11 connect. The flow pours over the pipe opening 61 directly into the storage volume. The return is via the pipe opening 63 deducted directly from the storage volume.

Preferably is a pump 59 in the cycle 53 provided, which regulates the flow of the heat transfer medium.

As the first heat generator 13 an energy source that can be continuously operated is preferred, such as a boiler that runs on gas or oil or a heat pump. Alternatively, the first heat generator could be a system that only supplies thermal energy sporadically, such as a solar thermal system. As the second heat generator 51 becomes the first heat generator 13 similar generation system or another generation system selected. If as the first heat generator 13 a continuously operable energy generator is selected as the second heat generator 51 gladly chosen a system that supplies thermal energy sporadically, such as a solar thermal system.

The second heat generator 51 can now mainly be used to build up and maintain a hot water reserve in the storage tank, which accumulates in the upper part of the storage tank volume. Depending on the generator system selected in the second generator circuit, the heat input can be continuous or sporadic. At the same time, as presented in Example 1 above, the operating conditions of the first heat generator circuit can be set, for example, in such a way that that in the first heat generator 13 Heated heat transfer medium is mainly supplied directly to the heat consumer by means of the flow pipe 27 runs through the storage tank without mixing with the stationary heat transfer medium already present in the storage volume. The same applies to the return from the customer 15th to the first producer 13 back. The temperature gradient of the heat transfer medium in the storage tank is therefore essentially retained. A hot water reserve (e.g. usable for the hot water supply), which has already accumulated in the upper area of the storage volume or is currently being built up via the second heat generator circuit, is not disturbed. This results in a simple and effective use of thermal energy which comes from different producers.

In 5 the connections of the second heat generator circuit are shown above the connections of the first heat generator circuit. Of course, the connections of the second heat generator circuit could alternatively be provided below the connections of the first heat generator circuit or in a different arrangement.

ADVANTAGES ACHIEVED

A part of the pipe system is integrated in the heat accumulator, in particular also branches of the pipe system. Heat accumulators with an integrated pipe system component can be prefabricated by the manufacturer at the factory. This simplifies assembly at the installation site. In particular, due to the fact that the heat accumulator has essentially only two pipe connections to the outside for connection to the supply and return pipe on the consumer side and the supply and return pipe on the generator side, assembly is relatively simple. The more complex connections between the respective producer-side or consumer-side pipelines and their openings to the storage volume, however, are provided in or on the heat storage device, in particular within the heat storage tank, whereby the heat storage device including pipe connections can be prefabricated in production, preferably in a production line. This reduces the assembly time at the installation site and also significantly reduces errors that can occur when connecting conventional pipeline systems.

Because the heat transfer medium can flow directly from the heat generator to the heat consumer, the storage tank can be passed through without mixing the stationary heat transfer medium already present in the storage volume. The temperature gradient of the heat transfer medium in the storage tank is therefore essentially retained. A hot water reserve, which is located in the upper area of the Storage volume has already accumulated before (e.g. usable for the hot water supply), is not disturbed or does not mix with deeper layers. This has the further advantage, for example, that heat energy, which is in secondary heat generators, such as solar thermal systems (which e.g. only supply heat energy sporadically), can also be effectively entered into the heat accumulator when the primary generator is in operation.

This results in a surprisingly wide range of possible uses for the heat accumulator according to the invention presented here, while at the same time having very simple line and connection structures of a heating system, and in particular without complex valves and their complex need for regulation.

While specific embodiments have been described above, it is obvious that different combinations of the embodiments shown can be used, provided that the embodiments are not mutually exclusive. While the invention has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, it is apparent that changes, modifications, variations and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

List of reference symbols

11

Storage

13th

Heat generator

15th

Heat consumer

17th

Heat generator circuit or heat generator circuit

19th

Heat consumer circuit or heat consumer circuit

21st

Pump (in the heat generator circuit)

23

Pump (in the heat consumer circuit)

25th

Flow pipe, heat generator side

27

Storage flow pipe in the flow

28

Riser pipe

29

Riser pipe opening in the flow or first opening

31

Flow pipe, customer side

33

Return pipe, customer side

35

Storage flow pipe in the return

36

Riser pipe

37

Riser pipe opening in the return or second opening

39

Return pipe, heat generator side

41

Hydraulic connection, especially inlet to the tank on the heat generator side (inlet for water flow from the generator side)

43

Hydraulic connection, especially outlet from the storage tank on the customer side (outlet for water flow to the customer side)

45

Hydraulic connection, especially inlet to the tank on the customer side (inlet for water flow from the customer side)

47

Hydraulic connection, especially the outlet from the storage tank on the heat generator side (outlet for water flow to the generator side)

51

Second heat generator or, if applicable, secondary generator

53

Second heat generator circuit or circuit or, if applicable, secondary circuit

55

Flow pipe of the second generator

57

Return pipe of the second generator

59

Pump (in the second generator circuit)

61

Pipe opening or inlet (inlet of the flow of the second generator)

63

Pipe opening or outlet (outlet to the return of the second generator)

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102006034214 A1 [0003]
• DE 202009000205 U1 [0004]

Claims (12)

Heat storage for storing thermal energy, in particular for a heating circuit system and / or hot water supply with at least one heat generator and at least one heat consumer, comprising at least one storage tank for a heat transfer medium, the storage tank having a storage tank wall, the storage tank wall enclosing a storage volume, - at least one first, a second, a third and a fourth connection connection (41,43,45,47) on the storage container, which are formed in the wall of the storage container for the purpose of inlet or outlet of the heat transfer medium so that the heat transfer medium can flow into or out of the storage container, each connection connection can be connected to a pipe on the outside of the storage container wall , characterized in that, on the inside of the storage container, the first connection connection (41) is connected to the second connection by means of a first storage tank flow pipe (27) s connection (43) is connected, - that the first storage tank flow pipe (27) has an opening (29) in the storage tank, - that on the inside of the storage tank the third connection connection (45) is connected to the fourth connection connection (47) by means of a second storage tank flow pipe (35) and - that the second storage through-flow pipe (35) has an opening (37) into the storage. Heat storage after Claim 1 , characterized in that the opening (29) of the first storage through-flow pipe (27) is arranged higher than the opening (37) of the second storage through-flow pipe (35). Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the respective opening (29, 37) is designed in such a way that the flow emerges from the opening (29, 37) essentially in a horizontal direction. Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first connection connection (41) on the outside of the storage container is arranged closer to the fourth connection connection (47) than to the second connection connection (43) and - that the third connection connection (45) on the outside of the storage container is closer to the second connection connection ( 43) is arranged as to the fourth connection connection (47). Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - the first connection connection (41) serves as an inlet for a flow on the heat generator side, - that the second connection connection (43) serves as an outlet for a flow on the heat consumer side, - that the third connection connection (45) serves as an inlet for a return on the heat consumer side, and that the fourth connection connection (47) serves as an outlet for a return on the heat generator side. Heat accumulator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that further connection connections are provided on the storage container for the purpose of circulating the heat transfer medium in a second heat generator circuit (53), in particular at least - a fifth connection connection with a pipe opening (61), which is the inlet of the flow of the second heat generator A sixth connection with a pipe opening (63), which is suitable as an outlet for the return of the second heat generator. Heating circuit system comprising at least - a heat generator (13) which generates heat energy and transfers it to a heat transfer medium, - a heat consumer (15) which takes the heat energy via the heat transfer medium, - a pipeline system with flow (25, 31) and return (33, 39) ) for transporting the heat transfer medium via the flow (25, 31) from the heat generator (13) to the heat consumer (15) and via the return (33, 39) from the heat consumer (15) to the heat generator, - a heat store (11) with a storage volume, preferably according to one of the preceding claims, for the intermediate storage of the thermal energy, wherein the heat storage comprises a storage tank which is externally connected to the pipeline system in such a way that the flow (25, 31) and return (33, 39) flow through the storage tank, whereby in relation on the memory (11) the flow is separated into a heat generator-side flow (25) and a heat consumer-side flow (31) and the Return (33, 39) is separated into a heat consumer-side return (33) and a heat-generator-side return (39), characterized in that - within the storage tank, the heat generator-side flow (25) by means of a first storage flow pipe (27) with the heat consumer-side flow (31 ) is connected, - that the first storage throughflow pipe (27) has an opening (29) to the storage volume, - that within the storage tank the return (33) on the heat consumer side is connected to the return (39) on the heat generator side by means of a second storage throughflow pipe (35) and - that the second storage throughflow pipe (35) has an opening (37) to the storage volume. Plant after Claim 7 , characterized in that the opening (29) of the first storage through-flow pipe (27) is arranged higher than the opening (37) of the second storage through-flow pipe (35). Plant according to one of the preceding Claims 7 or 8th , designed in such a way that - the storage container has an inlet (41) on the heat generator side and an outlet (43) for the flow (25, 31) on the heat consumer side, with a first flow pipe (25) on the heat generator side to the inlet (41) and a the second flow pipe (31) is connected to the outlet (43) on the heat consumer side, and - the storage tank has an inlet (45) on the heat consumer side and an outlet (47) on the heat generator side for the return (33, 39), with a first return pipe (33) outside the storage tank 33) is connected on the heat consumer side to the inlet (45) and a second return pipe (39) is connected on the heat generator side to the outlet (47). Plant after Claim 9 , characterized in that the first storage tank through-flow pipe (27) on the inside of the storage tank connects the inlet (41) for the heat generator-side flow to the outlet (43) on the heat consumer side, and the second storage tank through-flow pipe (35) on the inside of the storage tank connects the inlet (45) on the heat receiver side for the return to the heat generator side Outlet (47) connects. Plant according to one of the preceding Claims 7 - 10 , characterized in that at least one pump (21) is provided on the heat generator side and / or at least one pump (23) is provided on the heat consumer side. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the system further comprises - in addition to the aforementioned heat generator (13), which serves as the first heat generator of the system, a second heat generator (51), - a second pipeline system with flow pipes (55) and return pipes (57), which hydraulically connect the second heat generator (51) to the store (11) for the purpose of transporting the heat transfer medium from the store 11 to the second heat generator (51) and back into the store (11), and wherein the heat store (11), which preferably according to Claim 6 is configured, is connected to the second pipeline system in such a way that the flow (55) of the second pipeline system flows into the storage volume of the storage container and the return (57) of the second pipeline system is withdrawn from the storage volume of the storage container.

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