DE102020103045A1 - Knife and slicing machine equipped with it - Google Patents

Abstract

Since the size of the cutting edge angle (α) strongly influences the cutting behavior of the knife (3) and thus also the cutting result, but also the rate of wear of the knife (3), both can be specifically influenced by adding in the cutting area (A), in which the peripheral edge of the plate-shaped or bowl-shaped knife (3) is designed as an outwardly tapering cutting edge (3a), not only has areas with an increasing (A1) and / or constant (A3) cutting angle (α), but rather also at least one area (type 2) with decreasing cutting edge angle (α).

Description

field of use

The invention relates to sickle knives for slicers, in particular high-speed slicers, with which products in the form of food strands or sticks, also called product caliber, are cut from sausage, cheese into slices that have a constant cross section over their length.

Technical background

The respective product caliber - or several calibres arranged in parallel, preferably synchronously - is pushed forward continuously or step by step on a product support and a disc is cut off from the front end by the rotating sickle knife and pushed away from the end face of the strand by means of the knife so that it is as smooth as possible and crease-free on a storage surface, for example in a tray lying there. For this purpose, the strand support is designed to be inclined obliquely downwards towards the cutting end.

In the context of the present invention, a sickle knife is understood to mean a plate-shaped or bowl-shaped knife which is designed radially outward with a cutting edge which in a circumferential direction has a steadily, if not uniformly, increasing radial distance, i.e. radius, from its center, which when the knife is in use, the axis of rotation is.

The shape of the cutting edge - which lies in a plane, the so-called knife plane - does not have to meet the strict mathematical criteria of a spiral.

The cutting edge adjoins the cutting edge radially inwards on at least one of the two main sides of the plate-shaped or bowl-shaped knife - in the circumferential direction strip-shaped - cutting surface, which is at a cutting edge angle of usually 20 ° to 30 ° to the knife plane and if necessary is reground.

Such slicers preferably only have a cutting surface on one side of the knife, while the knife on the other side, the front side, is flush with the plane of the knife or even recedes concavely towards the back of the knife and forms a bowl-shaped knife.

This minimizes the contact area between the front of the knife and the strand during cutting and thus the static friction that occurs between them, which for example causes the cut surface on the product strand to be heated.

• Je geringer der Schneidenwinkel ist, desto leichter dringt das Messer in den aufzuschneidenden Produkt-Strang ein.

The size of the cutting edge has a major influence on the cutting result:

• The smaller the cutting angle, the easier it is for the knife to penetrate the strand of product to be cut.

The larger the cutting angle, the stronger the repelling effect on the severed disc transversely to the plane of the knife and the lower the wear during operation of the knife.

In this context it is known not to leave the cutting edge angle constant along the cutting edge, but to vary it.

So it is from the EP 2162266 B1 known to steadily increase the cutting angle in the direction of progress of the increasing radial distance between the cutting edge, over the entire length of the cutting edge.

Furthermore, it is from the EP 2948279 B1 , which forms the closest prior art, is known to carry out such an enlargement of the cutting edge angle in the advancing direction of the increasing radial distance of the cutting edge from the axis of rotation of the knife only in sections, i.e. in partial areas, and to leave the cutting edge angle the same in between, but not to zoom out.

The change in the cutting edge angle is carried out discontinuously, that is, by means of an edge or even a shoulder in the cutting surface along the direction of progress.

This is intended to facilitate production and regrinding compared to a steady increase in the cutting edge angle, as provided in the first cited document.

With these solutions, however, it is not yet possible to optimally adapt the shape of the knife, in particular the cutting edge angle, to the course of the cutting process.

Presentation of the invention

Technical task

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a sickle knife for slicers which further improves the work result.

It is also the object of the invention to provide a slicing device equipped therewith. To provide a machine and an operating method for this purpose, with which an optimal cutting result as well as a correct placement of the severed pane can be achieved.

Solution of the task

This object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 9. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

A generic rotatable or rotating sickle knife is usually plate-shaped or slightly cup-shaped and has on its circumference - viewed in the axial direction, i.e. on the main plane of the knife - a curved circumferential edge that is designed as a cutting edge, i.e. viewed in cross section outwards tapers to a point, i.e. at an acute-angled cutting angle.

To produce this cutting edge, the knife is generally sharpened from only one side, which is defined here as the rear side. From the knife plane defined by the cutting edge, this regrindable cutting surface, which is part of the rear side, rises away from the knife plane at the cutting edge angle.

In the case of a rotatable sickle knife according to the prior art, this cutting surface is adjoined radially inward by a connection surface which is usually also at an acute connection angle to the knife plane, which, however, is usually less than the cutting angle at which the cutting surface to the knife Level is inclined.

According to the invention, within the cutting area, in which the peripheral edge is designed as a cutting edge, there is at least one area in which the cutting edge angle decreases in the advancing direction of the cutting edge.

The direction of progress is understood to mean that direction along the extension of the cutting edge in which the radial distance between the cutting edge and the axis of rotation - and the fastening device provided there - of the knife increases.

Due to a decreasing cutting edge angle, the radially inner area of the cutting surface of the knife recedes from the surface of the severed disk when the knife rotates and thus usually takes a distance from the disk, whereby the size of the area in the sliding friction between the back of the knife and the disc takes place, becomes smaller.

Such areas with a decreasing cutting edge angle can also be present several times one behind the other, this effect then occurring several times one after the other in the advancing direction of the cutting edge.

There can also be one or more areas with increasing cutting edge angles in the cutting area, which can also alternate with areas of decreasing cutting edge angles, can alternate not only once but also several times.

In this way, a pulsating axial displacement of the disc to be separated can be achieved and the total area at which there is sliding friction between the disc and the rear side of the knife can be particularly greatly reduced.

In the cutting area there can also be at least one area with a cutting edge angle that is constant in the direction of progress.

This serves to consolidate the relative position of the disc to the cutting surface. Such an area with a constant cutting edge angle can be present, for example, between areas with changing cutting edge angles, in particular the previously mentioned areas with decreasing cutting edge angles.

Such areas with a constant cutting edge angle can also be arranged in the direction of progress with alternating areas with increasing and decreasing cutting edge angles in order to establish the mentioned consolidation between the areas with changing cutting edge angles.

The transitions between the different areas, that is to say areas with a decreasing, and / or increasing and / or constant cutting edge angle, preferably take place without a shoulder and edge, preferably thus merging into one another without a shoulder or kink.

In a particularly preferred embodiment there is an area with an increasing cutting angle and / or in the end area of the cutting area an area with a decreasing cutting angle in the starting area of the cutting area - i.e. in the area with the smallest radial distance between the cutting edge and the knife axis.

This is useful, for example, for products that have a harder, firmer consistency in their outer area, such as a shell, for example a cooked ham in the case of meat.

The cutting angle, which is initially very small in the beginning, is required in order to be able to use to be able to easily penetrate this harder shell with the lowest possible cutting pressure without compressing the product caliber too much.

In the end area, however, the increasingly smaller and ultimately very small cutting edge angle is advantageous in order to create a clean cut, especially when the cutting edge emerges from the product caliber, for example to avoid undesirable beard formation in the form of fraying on the disc.

Preferably, in the middle area, which can make up more than half, in particular more than 70% of the length of the cutting edge, the cutting angle is constant and thus relatively large, which is advantageous in order to cut the disk through in this middle area of the cutting area reject the large cutting angle here strongly axially away from the knife, whereby a clean deposit can easily be achieved.

In particular, in the area of a changing cutting edge angle, this can also change beyond the limit of 45 °, i.e. change from an acute to an obtuse cutting angle or vice versa, with an obtuse cutting angle on the one hand increasing the service life of the knife and on the other hand the repelling effect on the disc is very high.

If there are several areas with cutting edge angles changing in the direction of progress, these can either be interrupted by areas with a constant cutting edge angle or the degree of increase in the individual areas with increasing cutting edge angles is different. The same is also possible for areas with a decreasing cutting edge angle

For example, areas with increasingly increasing cutting edge angles can alternate with areas with less increasing cutting edge angles, which again causes a pulsating repelling effect over the areas with increasing cutting edge angles - even if there is an area with a constant cutting edge angle in between.

If, in this sense, several areas with decreasing cutting edge angles are arranged one behind the other, i.e. interrupted by areas with a constant cutting edge angle or directly adjacent to one another, but then with differently decreasing cutting edge angles, in particular more strongly alternating and weaker decreasing alternating, this results in a pulsating detachment of the outside of the knife reached by the disc.

In areas where the cutting edge angle changes, this change can be continuous within the area, but by no means necessarily linear.

It is also advantageous if, in a knife according to the invention, the shape of the cutting edge viewed in the direction of the knife axis is selected so that when the knife is immersed in the material to be cut, i.e. when the cutting edge makes contact with the material for the first time, the pulling factor is at least 1:15 amounts to.

This means that at the time of the first contact with the product caliber by the knife, the speed of the knife relative to the product caliber in the direction of the tangent to the cutting edge is at least 15 times as great as the penetration direction perpendicular to the cutting edge at this point.

A high pull factor causes a pronounced pulling cut, which makes the described effects of the areas alternating in the direction of progress particularly effective.

A slicing machine known per se comprises a cutting unit which has such a sickle knife according to the invention, as described above.

Furthermore, as is known, there is a product support on which the product to be cut, i.e. the product size, is placed and fed to the cutting unit and pushed forward along the product support during the slicing, the support surface for the product size preferably is arranged obliquely downwards to the cutting unit with respect to the horizontal.

Embodiments

• 1a, b: eine Aufschneide-Maschine in Form eines Slicers gemäß dem Stand der Technik in unterschiedlichen perspektivischen Ansichten,
• 1c: die Aufschneide-Maschine der 1a, b in der Seitenansicht,
• 1d: einen vereinfachten vertikalen Längsschnitt durch die Aufschneide-Maschine der 1a - c, also in gleicher Blickrichtung wie 1c, in dem die verschiedenen Förderbänder besser zu erkennen sind,
• 2a: eine Ansicht in Längsrichtung, der Rotationsachse des Messers, auf die Außenseite des in dem Slicer eingebauten Sichelmessers,
• 2b: die gleiche Ansicht bei einer Aufschneide-Maschine beispielsweise für gewachsene Fleischstücke mit einem Formrohr als Produkt-Auflage,
• 3a: eine analoge Ansicht des bekannten Sichelmessers alleine,
• 3b: einen lotrecht zur Messerebene sowie lotrecht zur Verlaufsrichtung der Schneidkante liegenden Schnitt durch den radial äußeren Randbereichen des Messers der 3a,
• 4a - e: Ansichten analog zur 3a auf erfindungsgemäße Bauformen eines Sichelmessers.

Embodiments according to the invention are described in more detail below by way of example. Show it:

• 1a, b : a slicing machine in the form of a slicer according to the prior art in different perspective views,
• 1c : the slicing machine of the 1a, b in the side view,
• 1d : a simplified vertical longitudinal section through the slicing machine of the 1a - c , i.e. in the same viewing direction as 1c , in which the different conveyor belts can be seen better,
• 2a : a view in the longitudinal direction, the axis of rotation of the knife, on the outside of the sickle knife built into the slicer,
• 2 B : the same view with a slicing machine, for example for grown pieces of meat with a shaped tube as a product support,
• 3a : an analogous view of the known sickle knife alone,
• 3b : a cut perpendicular to the plane of the knife and perpendicular to the direction of the cutting edge through the radially outer edge regions of the knife 3a ,
• 4a - e: views analogous to 3a on designs of a sickle knife according to the invention.

the 1a , 1b show different perspective views of a slicer 1 for cutting several product sizes at the same time K side by side with a general direction of travel 10 * through the machine from left to right as well 1c a side view of this slicer.

1d shows a vertical section through such a slicer - simplified by omitting details that are less important for the invention 1 longitudinal 10 , the direction in which the caliber is fed K to the cutting unit 2 and thus the longitudinal direction of the slicer 1 lying caliber K , so with the same viewing direction as 1c .

It can be seen that the basic structure of a slicer 1 according to the prior art is that a cutting unit 2 with a rotating sickle knife 3 several, in this case four, product calibres K across the feed direction 10 side by side from a feed unit 20th are fed from the front ends of the rotating sickle knife 3 one disc at a time S. separates.

For this purpose, the feed unit comprises 20th a feeder 22nd in the form of an endless, revolving conveyor belt, the upper run of which at least in the feed direction 10 as well as being drivable against this, the width of this feed conveyor 22nd Calibers lying next to one another do not rest on the conveyor belt itself, but on cross bars 12th that is across the width of the feeder 22nd and in the feed direction 10 are spaced apart and the upper sides of the support surface 12 ' for each caliber K represent. Tops of the crossbars 12th are aligned recesses for one of the calibres to be placed K , in this case four, are available to ensure adequate lateral guidance.

For cutting the product caliber K is the feeder 22nd in the inclined position shown in the figures with the low-lying front end on the cutting side and the high-lying rear end, from which it is about one in its width direction, the 1st transverse direction 11.1 , running swivel axis 20 ' that are near the cutting unit 2 is located, can be folded down into an approximately horizontal loading position.

The rear end of one in the feed unit 20th lying caliber K - see in 1d the first caliber K1 of the four calibers lying one behind the other in this viewing direction - is each positively locked by a gripper with the help of holding claws 26th held, of which in turn a gripper for each of the insertable calibers K1 to K4 15a - 15d is available. This with regard to the position of the retaining claws 26th activatable and deactivatable gripper 15a - 15d are on a common gripper unit 16 attached, which along a rod-shaped gripper guide 17th in the feed direction 10 can be tracked.

Both the feed of the gripper unit 16 as well as the feeder 22nd controllable drivable, but the specific feed speed of the caliber K by a so-called upper and lower product guide 23 , 24 is effected on the top and bottom of the caliber to be sliced K at the front end areas near the cutting unit 2 attack:

Because the front ends of the caliber K each through a so-called eyeglass opening available for each caliber 19a - d out that in a plate-shaped cutting glasses 14th are formed, which are part of the cutting unit 2 is by placing immediately in front of the front, obliquely downward-facing end face of the cutting glasses 14th the cutting plane 3 " runs in which the sickle knife 3 with its cutting edge 3a rotates and thus the protrusion of the caliber from the cutting glasses 14th separates as a disc. The cutting plane 3 " runs perpendicular to the upper run of the feeder 22nd and / or is from the two transverse directions 11.1 , 11.2 stretched.

The inner circumference of the eyeglass openings is used here 19a - d the cutting edge 3a of the knife 3 as a shearbar.

The glasses openings 19a - d of the interchangeable cutting glasses are adapted approximately to the cross-sectional shape of the caliber to be cut open, but since their cross-sectional size is subject to production-related fluctuations, the cross-section of the glasses openings is 19a - d usually slightly larger than the cross-section of the caliber to be cut K .

In order to still achieve a good cutting result, and parameters such as the tracking force of the caliber K on the inner peripheral surface of the cutting opening and other parameters control is the lower and upper product guide 23 , 24 present, each consisting of an endlessly revolving conveyor belt, of which the lower product guide 23 with its upper run and the upper product guide 24 with the lower run of the corresponding conveyor belt on the bottom or top of the caliber K fit firmly.

As both product guides 23 , 24 can be driven in a controlled manner, they determine the - continuous or clocked - feed speed of the caliber K through the cutting glasses 14th .

In addition, there is at least the upper product guide 24 in the second transverse direction 11.2 - the perpendicular to the surface of the upper run of the feeder 22nd runs - can be moved to adapt to the height of the caliber K in this direction. Furthermore, at least one of the product tours 23 , 24 be designed to be pivotable about one of their pulleys in order to determine the direction of the caliber K to be able to change adjacent dreams of their conveyor belt to a limited extent.

The corresponding to the inclination of the feed unit 20th and cutting unit 2 Panes that are inclined in the room when separated S. fall on one below the cutting glasses 14th beginning and in the direction of passage 10 * running discharge unit 25th which in this case out in the direction of passage 10 * several with their upper strands approximately aligned one behind the other discharge conveyors 25a , b , c exists, one of which can also be designed as a weighing unit.

The discs fall S. either directly to this conveyor 25a-c , as in 1d shown, or on packaging elements lying on it, such as a cardboard carrier or a flat plastic tray. The disks S. can be used individually and in the direction of flow 10 * at a distance from each other fall on the discharge conveyor or by appropriate control of the discharge unit 25th servings there P. form in which the disks S. touch, for example stacked or portrayed portions P. .

Below the feed unit 20th there is also a horizontally running residue conveyor 21 also in the form of an endlessly revolving conveyor belt, the front end of which is below the cutting glasses 14th and immediately behind the discharge unit 25th begins and with its upper run from there against the direction of passage 10 * Remnants falling on it transported to the rear. For this purpose, at least the one in the direction of passage 10 * first conveyor 25a with its upper run opposite to the direction of travel 10 * be driven so that any remaining piece, for example, that falls on it can be transported to the rear and onto the lower-lying leftover conveyor 21 falls.

In this regard shows 2a a view of the product caliber K facing away from the outside 3.2 of the knife 3 in the slicer 1 .

While with a slicer 1 the product caliber K only on the support surface 12 ' a product edition 12th are fed horizontally, irregularly shaped products such as a grown piece of meat are in the initial state upstream of the cutting unit 2 initially in a molded tube 12th pressed into a product caliber K with a uniform cross-section over the length of the product, as in 2 B evident.

In 2a the time at which the first product caliber was contacted K through the cutting edge 3a of the knife 3 shown. The relation of the relative speed between knives 3 and caliber K in the direction of the tangent 9 at the contact point relative to the velocity perpendicular to it, i.e. in the direction of penetration 8th , is the pull factor that indicates the extent to which the cut is pronounced as a pulling cut.

In both cases you can cut off the panes S. of the one or more product sizes K a sickle knife 3 be used as it is in the 1a - d is easy to see.

Such a sickle knife 3 according to the prior art is in the same viewing direction as in the 2a, b separately in 3a and in a section through the edge area in 3b .

The cutting edge 3a , in which the product caliber K averted back 3.2 with its front 3.1 meets, and the knife plane 3 " defined, has - according to the definition of a sickle knife - in its direction of progress 3a ' over the entire cutting area A. of the knife 3 one to the axis of rotation 3 ' of the knife 3 increasing radial distance R. .

Like the sectional view of the 3b shows, consists of the back 3.2 of the knife extending radially inwards directly to the cutting edge 3a subsequent cutting surface 4th that lead to the knife plane 3 " a cutting angle α occupies. To these, in stripes in the direction of progress 3a ' running, cutting surface 4th a likewise strip-shaped connection surface closes radially inward 5 that also to the knife level 3 " is inclined at a connection angle β which, however, is less than the cutting edge angle α .

This connection surface closes radially inward 5 usually a no 6, which is parallel to the knife level 3 " runs.

The front 3.1 of the knife 3 can be along the knife plane 3 " run or a concave indentation 7th have in the central area, which are usually radially spaced from the cutting edge 3a ends, creating a bowl-shaped knife 3 is formed as in 3b shown.

With a knife 3 , especially sickle knives 3 , according to the state of the art, the in 3b shown edge area of such a knife 3 usually the same cross-section over the entire cutting area A. .

• 4a zeigt eine Bauform, bei der der Schneidenwinkel α in Fortschrittsrichtung 3a' am Beginn des Schneidbereiches A konstant ist im Bereich A3, vorzugsweise auf einem relativ niedrigen Wert, daran anschließend im Bereich A1 ansteigt und danach in einem weiteren Bereich A3 konstant und relativ klein ist, und zwar über vorzugsweise mehr als die Hälfte der Länge des Schneidbereiches A.

This is with designs of a sickle knife according to the invention according to FIG 4a - 4b not the case that the cutting angle is there α in the direction of progress 3a ' changes:

• 4a shows a design in which the cutting angle α in the direction of progress 3a ' at the beginning of the cutting area A. is constant in the area A3 , preferably at a relatively low value, then in the range A1 increases and then in a wider area A3 is constant and relatively small, preferably over more than half the length of the cutting area A. .

This is followed by an area A2 with decreasing cutting edge angle α on, and in the direction of progress 3a ' at the end is the cutting edge angle α again constant in a wider area A3 with a small value of the cutting edge angle α , with preferably the same value as in the first area A3

• - Bereich A1 mit ansteigenden Schneidenwinkel α,
• - Bereich A3 mit gleich bleibenden Schneidenwinkel α, vorzugsweise über einen großen, mittleren Bereich, der in diesem Fall mehr als die Hälfte, sogar mehr als 2/3 der Länge des Schneidbereiches ausmacht,
• - Bereich A2 mit abnehmendem Schneidenwinkel α.

The design according to 4b differs from that of the 4a in that the start and end areas each have a constant, in particular a small, cutting edge angle α missing, so the sequence in the direction of progress 3a ' reads

• - Area A1 with increasing cutting edge angle α ,
• - Area A3 with constant cutting edge angle α , preferably over a large, central area, which in this case makes up more than half, even more than 2/3 of the length of the cutting area,
• - Area A2 with decreasing cutting edge angle α .

• So kann im Teilbereich A1.1 der Anstieg des Schneidenwinkels α gering sein, im daran anschließenden Teilbereich A1.2 der Anstieg etwas stärker sein und im daran anschließenden Teilbereich A1.3 der Anstieg noch etwas stärker sein, oder auch in der Abfolge genau umgekehrt.

The design according to 4c differs from that of the 4b by having the areas A1 and A2 with increasing or decreasing cutting edge angle α are in turn divided into sub-areas in which the increase or decrease is different:

• In sub-area A1.1, for example, the increase in the cutting edge angle α be small, in the adjoining sub-area A1.2 the rise will be somewhat stronger and in the adjoining sub-area A1.3 the rise will be a little stronger, or in the sequence exactly the other way round.

The same applies analogously to the sub-areas with a decreasing cutting edge angle A2.1 to A2 .3 analogous, with regard to the degree of decrease in the cutting edge angle α .

The design of the 4d should cause a pulsating rejection of the disc. For this purpose it always joins an area A1 with increasing cutting edge angle α an area A2 with decreasing cutting edge angle α immediately at, and between, these pairs of areas A1 + A2 is one area each A3 with a constant cutting edge angle α intended.

The cutting edge angle is accordingly α in these areas A3 with constant cutting angle α relatively low, and on the other hand at the transition between an area A1 and an area A2 on the other hand larger.

However, it could be between areas A1 and A2 also an additional area in each case A3 with a constant cutting edge angle α be provided.

In the present case, the cutting area begins and ends A. each with one area A3 with a constant cutting edge angle α which, however, is not mandatory.

The design of the 4e differs from that of the 4d in that the areas with a constant cutting edge angle α missing, so the cutting area A. from a sequence of immediately consecutive areas A1 with increasing and A2 with decreasing cutting edge angle α consists.

In this case, the cutting area begins and ends A. with an area A1 with increasing cutting edge angle α which, however, is not mandatory.

List of reference symbols

1

Slicer, slicing machine

2

Cutting unit

2a

Knife carrier

3

knife

3 '

Knife axis, axis of rotation

3 "

Knife plane

3.1

front

3.2

back

3a

Cutting edge

3a '

Direction of progress

4th

Cutting surface

5

Connection surface

6th

Central surface

7th

deepening

8th

Cutting edge tangent

9

Direction of penetration

10

Feed direction, axial direction

10 *

Flow direction

11.1, 11.2

Transverse direction

12th

Product support, shaped tube, crossbar

12 '

Support surface

13th

Base frame

14th

Cutting glasses

15a - d

Grapple

16

Gripper unit

17th

Gripper guidance

18th

engine

19a - d

Glasses opening

20th

Feed unit

20 '

Swivel axis

21

Leftovers conveyor

22nd

Feeder

23

lower product guide

24

upper product guide

25th

Discharge unit

25a, b, c

Conveyor

26th

Holding claw

α

Cutting angle

β

Connection bracket

A.

Cutting area

A1

Area with increasing cutting edge angle

A2

Area with decreasing cutting edge angle

A3

Area with constant cutting angle

K

Product caliber, material to be cut

P.

portion

R.

radial distance

S.

disc

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• EP 2162266 B1 [0011]
• EP 2948279 B1 [0012]

Claims (9)

Rotatable, plate-shaped or bowl-shaped, sickle knife (3) with a front (3.1) and a back (3.2), suitable for use in a slicer (1), with - a circumferential edge curved in plan on a knife plane (3 ") which is designed as a cutting edge (3a) over a cutting area (A), which defines the knife plane (3 "), with - on the knife rear side (3.2) at the cutting edge (3a) at an angle to the knife -Plane (3 ") inclined, radially inwardly extending, cutting surface (4) adjoins, which is at an acute cutting angle (α) to the knife plane (3"), - in the direction of advance (3a ') along the cutting edge (3a) at least an area (A1) with increasing cutting edge angle (α) are present, characterized in that - in the advancing direction (3a ') along the cutting edge (3a) there is at least one area (A2) with decreasing cutting edge angle (α). Knife after Claim 1 , characterized in that - in the direction of advance (3a ') along the cutting edge (3a) areas (A3) with a constant cutting angle (α) are present. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - in the direction of progress (3a ') in the starting area (define) of the cutting area (A) there is an area (A1) with an increasing cutting angle (α), - in the end area of the cutting area Area (A) an area (A2) with decreasing cutting edge angle (α) is present, - in particular there is an area (A3) with a constant cutting edge angle (α) in between. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the cutting area (A) in the advancing direction (3a ') there are several areas (A1) with increasing cutting edge angle (α) and / or areas (A2) with decreasing cutting edge angle (α) . Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - areas (A1) with increasing cutting edge angle (α) and areas (A2) with decreasing cutting edge angle (α) are alternately present, - in particular without a step in between. Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several areas (A1) with increasing, but preferably differently increasing, cutting edge angle (α) are present one behind the other, in particular interrupted at most by areas (A3) with constant cutting edge angle (α). Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that several areas (A2) with decreasing, but preferably differently decreasing cutting edge angles (α) are present one behind the other, in particular interrupted at most by areas (A3) with constant cutting edge angle (α). (Train factor :) Knife according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the case of a knife (3) with a finite, curved cutting edge (3a) and a knife axis (3 ') which is stationary during operation, the shape of the cutting edge (3a) is designed so that when the knife is immersed (3) in the product caliber (K) the cutting edge (3a) contacts the product caliber (K) with a tensile factor of at least 1:15. Slicing machine (1) with - a cutting unit (2) with a rotatable sickle knife (3), - a product support (12 ') for placing one or more product sizes (K), characterized in that the sickle knife (3) is designed according to one of the preceding claims.

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