DE102020003377A1 - Thermal insulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) according to the state of the art for installation on a facade must meet requirements for structural fire protection and place requirements on the application. Therefore, an ETICS is provided, comprising an adhesive layer as an inner layer, preferably a mineral adhesive layer, at least one insulation layer made of one combustible material, a plaster layer as the outer layer, the plaster layer having a thickness of greater than or equal to 13 mm, the plaster layer preferably comprising at least two sub-layers, one sub-layer, a sub-layer and one sub-layer comprising a top coat.

Description

The invention relates to a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), a method for applying such an ETICS and a building facade that comprises such an ETICS and the use of thick plaster as part of such an ETICS.

Thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) are known in the art. The requirements for thermal insulation for external walls of buildings are increasing worldwide. The main use of ETICS is the so-called thermal insulation of external building walls. The task of the state is to protect life and limb. For these reasons, depending on the type and use of the building, fire protection requirements must also be met for external walls and their cladding. One of the tasks of the ETICS in addition to thermal insulation is therefore to meet the statutory fire protection requirements.

According to the model building regulations (MBO: 2002 with changes in 2016) and the state building regulations (LBO) (summary in WDV systems on the subject of fire protection, 03/2014, Fachverband Wärmedämm-Verbundsystem eV), buildings are built according to the height of the upper floor edge of the last accessible storey starting from classified as the top of the terrain. Buildings of low height are up to 7 m high (building classes 1 - 3 , MBO §2), while buildings of medium height have a height between> 7 m and 22 m (building classes 4th - 5 , MBO §2). According to the latter in particular, the requirements for the fire behavior of the ETICS used are higher compared to buildings of low height. MBO and LBO stipulate that the ETICS must be at least flame retardant (MBO §28), which is stated in the DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 as building material class B1 and in the DIN EN 13501-1: 2018 is classified as building material class C. In addition, prescribed room fire tests are carried out in DIN 4102-20: 2017 and fire tests for external fires in the sample administrative regulation for technical building regulations ( MVVTB from the German Institute for Structural Engineering, edition 2017/1, Appendix 5 ) or in the future in the DIN 4102-24 described. It is pointed out here that the MBO and MVVTB also mentioned in other places refer to the edition / version already described.

ETICS with expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded polystyrene (XPS) and graphite polystyrene (GPS) have excellent thermal insulation properties, but cannot achieve flame resistance (B1) without additional fire protection measures. Without additional fire protection measures, an ETICS with EPS achieves in accordance with DIN 4102-1: 1998 B2 only, i.e. classified as normally flammable.

The fire protection measures stipulated today in the building inspectorate approvals primarily include the use of fire bars. Fire bars are laid as a "tape" around the building at a certain height and are made of rock wool. The usual height is 200 mm. The above thickness corresponds to the thickness of the insulation layer in the ETICS.The main functions of the fire bar are to prevent a progressive fire in the system over several floors and to support the plaster pane so that no falling parts or no liquid insulation material can escape from the facade in order to prevent possible rescue measures to hinder.

The assembly of the facade of a building with a respective ETICS requires a lot of expertise and thoroughness and is therefore prone to design, execution and processing errors. Planning and assembling the fire bar and observing other fire protection requirements has a high potential for errors, especially in buildings on slopes and with a lot of structured facade surfaces. As a result, this can lead to a reduction in the level of fire protection and the protection objective, which in turn endangers people, i.e. life and limb. In addition, the elimination of these defects leads to increased construction costs.

Against the background of this prior art, it is the object of the present invention to provide an ETICS that drastically reduces planning, execution and processing errors, thus avoiding any risk to life and limb and lowering construction costs.

This object is achieved by an ETICS according to claim 1.

In particular, the object is achieved by a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) for installation on a facade, comprising an adhesive layer as an inner layer, preferably a mineral adhesive layer, at least one insulation layer made of a combustible thermal insulation material, preferably of building material class B2 or B1 according to DIN 4102-1: 1998, a layer of plaster as the outer layer, the layer of plaster being a continuous layer of plaster and a thickness of greater than or equal to 13 mm. A corresponding ETICS has the advantage that the plaster layer prevents the ETICS from opening due to the heat of a fire that occurs on the base of a building (base fire), causing a fire in the system and causing burning melt to run out or parts of the ETICS falling . With such an ETICS, the plaster layer (plaster pane) and thus the ETICS remains in place in the event of a fire Temperatures which can be more than 1000 ° C. are stable for a period of at least 30 min to 40 min and do not tear.

The ETICS is preferably installed on the outside walls of buildings. A load-bearing wall and / or wall-like structure in this sense is preferably that part of a building that serves as the basis for applying the ETICS. In general, the ETICS is preferably not designed, built and / or installed in such a way that it can support any weight resulting from the building itself, e.g. B. from other walls, floors or the roof. The wall of the building on which the ETICS is mounted is preferably not part of the ETICS within the meaning of the present invention.

All values and dimensions according to the invention described here relate to the SI system of units and to a room temperature of approx. 25 ° C., unless otherwise stated. Thermal insulation preferably refers to a thermal conductivity value, λ, which is typically in the range between 0.03-0.05 W / (mK) (to be read as: “watts per meter per Kelvin”), a preferred value between 0.032-0.04 W / (mK).

"Inner layer" and "outer layer" relate to the preferred orientation of the ETICS in an assembled configuration, i.e. after installation on a wall of a building, the inner layer preferably facing the wall of the building, while the outer layer preferably facing the surroundings of the building is.

The adhesive layer between the outside of the wall and the insulation layer can be a mineral adhesive layer or an organic adhesive layer that includes, for example, polyurethane. The adhesive layer is preferably a mineral mortar layer. “Mineral” according to the invention relates to materials that have organic components of <8% by weight based on the total weight of the dry mortar. The organic components include vegetable fiber materials, e.g. B. wood fibers, paper fibers, etc., and / or alternatively organic chemicals such as organic binders. This layer is preferably adhered to the wall of a building in an assembled configuration. The mineral adhesive layer can be the only means of holding the ETICS on the building wall. In addition, anchor z. B. dowels or brackets can be used as an additional attachment of the ETICS to the wall. Most preferred is an ETICS in which no additional fastening means, e.g. B. dowels are required to attach the ETICS to the respective wall of a building. The mineral adhesive layer is therefore particularly preferably selected and applied in such a way that no additional fastening means have to be used.

The insulating layer can be a polystyrene, preferably an expanded polystyrene (EPS) and / or an extruded polystyrene (XPS), more preferably in each case with or without graphite components. The use of mineral wool (MW) as an alternative for the insulation layer is not in accordance with the invention.

The plaster layer can preferably comprise at least two sub-layers, at least one sub-layer being a sub-layer, preferably a mineral sub-layer, and at least one sub-layer being a top coat, preferably a mineral top coat. The plaster layer is located between the insulation layer and the top coat and can contain a reinforcement fabric.

According to one aspect of the invention, the plaster layer is flame-retardant (building material class B1), preferably non-combustible (building material class A) according to DIN 4102-1: 1998 . This has the advantage that the ETICS does not need any further fire bar in order to meet the flame retardancy requirement for ETICS for base fires, which must be verified in large-scale fire tests. The ETICS also meets the requirements for building materials of building material class B1 according to the German Standard DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 .

The thermal conductivity λ of the plaster layer is preferably in the range between 0.06-0.1 W / (mK). This has the advantage that the plaster layer also contributes to thermal insulation and preferably withstands a fire.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the ETICS is preferably structurally uniform at all points of a facade and structurally consistently flame-retardant. The plaster layer of the ETICS can preferably extend continuously into the area in contact with the ground or be limited by a base construction at a selected distance above the top edge of the ground. The advantage of an ETICS in which the plaster layer extends into the ground is that there are no "sink marks" where fire and / or heat can more easily penetrate the ETICS and / or the facade of the building. At the same time, a uniform and consistent ETICS structure on the outer wall, preferably the facade itself, minimizes the previously mentioned possible design and execution errors. An ETICS according to the invention therefore helps to reduce construction costs. If the ETICS is limited by a separate base, a non-combustible material, preferably rock wool, e.g. B. can be used in the form of a fire bolt. However, it is also conceivable that such a fire bar can be dispensed with even with a detached base.

According to the invention, the thickness of the adhesive layer and / or the insulating layer and / or the plaster layer is preferably uniform in the sense of (predominantly) constant over the entire length and / or width of the ETICS, and / or more preferably include the adhesive layer and / or the insulation layer and / or the plaster layer (predominantly) the same compositions and / or materials over the entire length and / or width of the ETICS, more preferably they comprise the same composition and / or materials over the entire (surface) dimensions .

According to the invention, the plaster layer is preferably continuous in the sense that it covers the entire (surface) dimensions, preferably length and / or width of the ETICS. More preferably, the plaster layer has no gaps with material removal, z. B. Depressions, and / or the plaster layer has no overhangs on which material is applied in excess of the surface in relation to the average.

A uniform thermal insulation characteristic of the resulting ETICS and / or the facade is also preferred. The facade has no minima and maxima of thermal conductivity that exceed +/- 20% compared to the average thermal conductivity over the entire (surface) dimensions of the ETICS.

The object of the invention is also achieved by an ETICS without fire bar between the floors and / or around window lintels in a building with an overall height of> 7 m to 22 m, measured from the top of the ground to the top of the floor of the last accessible floor and / or in one Buildings with more than two building floors but less than eleven building floors. The invention includes that a (base) fire bar and / or a (final) fire bar above the last floor can occur between the base and the beginning of the ETICS. The advantage of a corresponding ETICS is the avoidance of planning and thus placement errors of the fire bar, a simpler application to an outer wall, the associated reduced costs, as explained in detail above.

The building height, which determines the required fire behavior of the ETICS according to MBO and / or LBO, is preferably measured from floor level to the level at which a person can stand in the highest position in a building (accessible floor). It is further preferred that the height is based on the direct distance that a person in the building would have to overcome when jumping to the floor level in order to be “safe” in the event of a fire (rescue by jumping). For example, MBO and LBO require flame retardancy for ETICS on buildings with a height of> 7m to 22m, measured from the top of the site to the top of the floor of the last accessible floor.

The insulation layer of the ETICS also preferably forms a materially uniform layer, since it is not interrupted by fire bars made, for example, of mineral wool at certain heights or between certain storey levels. With the exception of optional fire barriers at the beginning and end of the ETICS (so-called base and final fire bar), the thermal insulation properties are preferably uniform across the entire (surface) dimensions of the facade.

The ETICS preferably meets the requirements of a base fire test in accordance with the appendix 5 the sample administrative regulation for technical building regulations, whereby these requirements are tested with a base fire test with a fire load of 200 kg of spruce wood directly in front of the facade. An advantage here is that the ETICS according to the invention meets the (national and / or international) fire protection requirements for a flame-retardant facade system. The insulation material is divided into building material classes depending on how it reacts to fire. According to DIN 4102-1: 1998, "normally flammable" material such as wood fiber insulation is assigned to building material class B2. "Flame-resistant" material such as EPS is assigned to building material class B1 and "non-combustible" material such as mineral wool is assigned to building material class A1. The ETICS according to the invention withstands at least a test time of a base fire test, as described in the sample administrative regulation Technical Building Regulations, of 25 minutes. The fire source is a wooden crib made of 200 kg of layered spruce wood, which is burned at a distance of 10 cm in front of a test corner wall and at a height of 20.5 cm above a floor. This corresponds to a fire energy of approx. 3.5 MW. After a total of 60 minutes of observation, no cracks cut through the plaster layer. The insulation layer is covered by the plaster layer without interruption, which prevents the insulation layer melt from running out. The plaster layer remains closed. This means that it remains as a whole area with slight flaking of the finishing plaster. The top coat may be peeled off in places so that pyrolysis gases can escape and the system can relax.

When the insulation layer melts, the (melted) material remains behind the plaster layer. In such a case, the molten material does not come into contact with the environment outside the ETICS. The volume of the insulation layer can be reduced due to the great effect of heat, but remains largely, preferably> 80%, on their attached position (especially in the area where the insulation material is glued to the outer wall). Only in isolated cases can the molten material run off behind the plaster layer. Despite the great heat, there is no secondary fire in front of the facade and possible rescue measures are not hindered.

According to a further object of the invention, there is preferably at least one layer of reinforcing fabric, preferably a mesh, in the plaster layer between the insulation layer and the top coat. The reinforcement fabric gives the plaster layer and thus also the plaster layer and the ETICS structural rigidity and / or stability so that the ETICS does not detach from the building wall, even with high thermal loads, e.g. B. due to a fire that comes into contact with the ETICS.

The reinforcing fabric consists of a material that is at least normally inflammable according to DIN 4102-1: 1998-05, preferably a non-combustible material, more preferably a glass fiber material. The material is also preferably sufficiently flexible, at least if it is not yet in contact with any plaster layer, so that it can be stored and / or transported in the form of a roll and preferably applied to the resulting ETICS by rolling out. The reinforcement fabric can preferably be rolled out horizontally and / or vertically into the plaster layer, preferably into the plaster layer between the insulation layer and the top coat (on the pre-ETICS while it is being applied to the wall of a building). Rolling out into a plaster layer, preferably into a sub-plaster layer, is preferably carried out while this is being applied in the "fresh" state.

The reinforcement fabric prevents the plaster layer from becoming detached from the ETICS in the event of a fire. In the event of a fire, the ETICS therefore remains structurally predominantly intact for a certain period of time, most preferably for more than 30 minutes at temperatures of at least 700 ° C and up to 1000 ° C, which penetrate directly into the outer surface of the ETICS. As a result, there is no additional source of danger for the rescue personnel in the vicinity of the building facade during this time.

In addition, the preferred 13 mm to 20 mm thick plaster layer is structurally stabilized as the outer layer, even without a fire interacting with the ETICS, i.e. preferably during daily operation and / or other mechanical load interactions. Thus, the aforementioned dimensions of the facade can be achieved.

In a further aspect of the invention, the problem can preferably be solved in that the reinforcement fabric has a mesh size of 3-6 mm x 3-6 mm, preferably a 4 mm x 4 mm or a mesh size of 5 mm x 5 mm. Thus, the reinforcement fabric can easily be applied to the wall of a building and can still give the ETICS sufficient structural stability, as shown above.

In addition to gluing with an adhesive layer, the ETICS can also be fixed to the building wall with other fasteners, preferably with dowels. In addition, such an ETICS can also be mounted on external walls that have already been plastered.

In a further aspect of the invention, the insulation layer of the ETICS preferably has a thickness of 40 mm to 400 mm, preferably 40 mm to 200 mm according to the invention. Depending on the requirements, the insulation thickness can be varied and thus gives the ETICS flexibility in determining the thermal insulation properties.

More preferably, the ratio of the full ETICS thickness divided by the thickness of the insulation layer results in a ratio of 10: 8 (80% of the thickness of the ETICS can be attributed to the insulation layer), preferably a ratio of 10: 9 (90% of the thickness) of the ETICS are due to the insulation layer). Alternatively or at the same time, the weight of the insulation layer compared to the ETICS weight (based on a standard surface area of 1 m ² ) contributes at least 30% to the ETICS weight, more preferably at least 50% to the ETICS weight, even more preferably at least 70% to the ETICS weight at.

Furthermore, the insulation layer according to the invention preferably has a bulk density (bulk density) between 10-25 kg / m ³ , more preferably a density between 14-20 kg / m ³ . With this bulk density, improved thermal insulation is achieved with a reduced weight.

Furthermore, according to the invention, the plaster layer of the plaster layer is in direct contact with the insulation layer. This improves the adhesion of the plaster layer and increases the structural stability of the ETICS, especially the plaster layer, under thermal stress conditions (in the event of fire).

The sub-plaster layer can preferably comprise a mineral plaster of building material class A2 according to DIN-4102-1: 1998, more preferably building material class A1. The advantage is that such a mineral plaster improves the fire resistance of the ETICS.

In a further aspect of the invention, the plaster layer has a thickness of> 9 mm and <13 mm. This improves the structural integrity of the plaster layer and the entire layer of plaster. If a reinforcement mesh is embedded in a plaster layer, it is usually positioned in the middle or in the outer half of the layer. For example, with a 6 mm thick concealed layer, approx. 3-4 mm concealed plaster is applied, then the fabric is pressed on and then approx. 2 mm concealed plaster is pulled over it. This means that the reinforcement fabric is preferably positioned between 50% and 80% in the plaster layer (based on the distance to the inner boundary surface of the plaster layer). If a reinforcement mesh is embedded, the sub-plaster layer comprises a first sub-layer of sub-plaster and a second sub-layer of sub-plaster. The first concealed sub-layer faces the building and the second concealed sub-layer faces the surroundings. The first partial plaster layer with embedded fabric can preferably be 4 mm to 8 mm (+/- 1 mm) thick. A second sub-layer of sub-plaster can be applied to the first partial layer with reinforcement fabric. The second sub-plaster layer is preferably between 1 and 3 mm (+/- 0.5 mm) thick. The first sub-layer of sub-plaster and the second sub-layer of sub-plaster form the sub-layer.

In a further aspect of the invention, the top coat comprises a mineral plaster with building material class A2 according to DIN-4102-1: 1998, preferably building material class A1. The advantage is - safety building material class A2 lists non-flammable materials - that such a mineral plaster, preferably applied as (external) weather protection, improves the fire resistance of the ETICS.

It is further preferred according to the invention that the top coat has a thickness of 3 mm and preferably 5 mm. This can give the plaster layer additional protection against environmental influences, e.g. B. weather conditions and / or physical influences, e.g. B. mechanical damage confer.

An independent aspect of the invention is a building facade with an ETICS as described above. This enables a uniform and homogeneous structure of the facade of a building.

All outer walls preferably have the same ETICS. The building is therefore preferably uniformly thermally insulated, preferably based on the same ETICS. This improves the application of the ETICS and improves the thermal insulation of the building and helps ensure that the fire protection measures around the building are uniform and uniform. “Around the building” preferably refers to all walls that are accessible from the outside. It must therefore not be possible to identify weak points in the facade (compared to the rest of the facade) where a person could start a fire, thereby increasing the possible damage and personal injury (compared to elsewhere on the Facade fire is set). Identification here refers to all possibilities with which knowledge about the fire protection properties of the facade can be obtained, e.g. B. Visual inspection, heat control, etc.

In a further aspect of the invention, the building facade comprises an ETICS, preferably as described above, which can be used without fire bar between building floors and / or around window lintels up to a building height of between> 7 m and 22 m, measured from the top edge of the site to the top edge of the floor of the last accessible one Floor and / or up to a height of more than two building floors, preferably more than three building floors, more preferably more than four building floors and up to less than eleven building floors, preferably less than ten building floors, more preferably less than nine building floors, with one (Base) fire bar below the first floor and / or a (final) fire bar above the last floor can be installed. This increases the planning security of the fire protection while at the same time simplifying the application of the respective ETICS. All of the previous definitions for the ETICS also apply to the respective building facade. They are not repeated here for the sake of clarity and completeness of the description.

An independent aspect of the invention relates to a method for applying a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), preferably as described above, to a wall of a building, comprising the steps of applying an adhesive layer, preferably a mineral or an organic adhesive layer, to a wall of a building At least one insulation layer plate on the adhesive layer to form an insulation layer, preferably application of a plaster layer, more preferably a mineral plaster layer on the insulation layer, preferably embedding a reinforcement fabric in the plaster layer with a thickness of at least 13 mm. The waiver of fire bar enables the ETICS to be easily attached to the construction site, which lowers construction costs and improves fire protection measures and makes them safer. All of the above definitions and / or technical features that relate to the ETICS and / or the building facade also apply to the respective process. They are not repeated here for the sake of clarity and completeness of the description.

It is further preferred that the method comprises at least one drying step. In this drying step, the adhesive layer and / or the plaster layer with the optionally embedded reinforcement fabric and / or the top coat dries. The layer thickness preferably determines the drying time. A time of preferably 12 hours (“hours”) is set per mm layer thickness (of the wet layer (s)), particularly preferably a whole day (24 h) per mm layer thickness of the items to be dried.

Use of a plaster layer of at least 13 mm as part of a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), whereby the ETICS requirements of a flame-retardant ETICS of the German Standard DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 fulfilled and / or in the case of a base fire test according to the appendix 5 the sample administrative regulation for technical building regulations (from German Institute for Structural Engineering, edition 2017/1 ) no crack cuts through the plaster layer.

It is pointed out here that all parts described above are claimed individually and in any combination, in particular with regard to the details shown in the drawings, as being relevant to the invention. Modifications thereof are known to the person skilled in the art.

Further embodiments emerge from the set of dependent claims.

• 1 schematische Ansicht einer Gebäudefassade nach dem Stand der Technik;
• 2a schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Gebäudefassade;
• 2b schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Gebäudefassade;
• 3 schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen WDVS.

The invention is described in more detail below in the accompanying figures. In the figures shows:

• 1 schematic view of a building facade according to the prior art;
• 2a schematic view of a building facade according to the invention;
• 2 B schematic view of a building facade according to the invention;
• 3 schematic sectional view of an ETICS according to the invention.

In 1 is a building facade with ETICS 1 shown as it is customary according to the state of the art as a flame-retardant system. The building facade 1 has two risk zones 4th , 5 on, with the base fire risk zone 4th up to the fourth floor or up to approx. 9 m above ground level 15th , suffices. In the base fire risk zone 4th there is a risk of fires caused by external sources, e.g. B. burning garbage cans and / or burning cars penetrate the facade. The ones in the risk zone 4th recognizable fire protection measures include the room fire measures. The room fire risk zone 5 is over 9 m. There is a risk of a fire penetrating the facade through a room fire, the flames of which come out of the respective window 11th after it bursts (flash over), it burns out when a certain temperature is reached by the fire in the room. To prevent the fire from spreading upwards in the ETICS 1 interrupting / slowing down, therefore fire bar from MW 10a until 10c at several height positions along the building facade with ETICS 1 from the beginning 10a of the ETICS up to the top edge of the roof 12th executed. This fire bar from MW 10a until 10c are on the building facade with ETICS 1 using a set of dowels 14th assembled. The fire bar 10d is not taken into account in the present invention and will therefore continue to be installed according to the state of the art. With a recessed base, the fire break becomes 10a also not taken into account in the present invention. With regard to the building facade with ETICS 1 the ETICS is therefore state-of-the-art from the beginning of the ETICS1, i.e. either from the top of the ground or after the detached base, to the fire break 10d not homogeneous. In addition, fire bars interrupt 10b and 10c the even material distribution and thermal insulation properties along the way.

2a however, shows a building facade according to the invention with ETICS 20th which does not have a separate base. There is also a base fire risk zone 4th and room fire risk zone 5 . Nevertheless, the ETICS according to the invention 20th of ground level / ground level 15th to the lower edge of the fire bar 10d homogeneous, i.e. not through fire bar between the top of the ground / ground level 15th and lower edge of fire bar 10d interrupted at a maximum building height of up to 22 m.

2 B however, shows a building facade according to the invention with ETICS 20th with a separate base. There is also a base fire risk zone 4th and room fire risk zone 5 . Nevertheless, the ETICS according to the invention 20th from the upper edge of the fire bar 10a to the lower edge of the fire bar 10d homogeneous, i.e. not through fire break between the upper edge of the fire break 10a to the lower edge of the fire bar 10d interrupted at a maximum building height of up to 22 m.

3 shows the layer structure composition of an ETICS according to the invention 20th . The left side of 3 is facing the building, i.e. the surroundings, while the right side is facing 3 facing the building, i.e. the inside. The ETICS is attached to an outside wall 2 attached to a building. Here the wall can be a shell 2 or already with an old layer of plaster 3 be provided. This is the case when the respective ETICS is subsequently attached to the outside wall of the building, e.g. an old building, in order to B. the building upgrade in terms of thermal insulation. An adhesive layer 6th (e.g. a mineral mortar layer) is applied to the building wall 2 or on the existing layer of old plaster 3 the building wall 2 or directly on the insulation layer panels 7th (e.g. EPS panels), applied. The insulation layer 7th becomes with the adhesive layer 6th attached or glued to the building wall. The building wall 2 and the insulation layer 7th are thus connected to each other. Plus for gluing (layer 6th ) the insulation panels 7th also with dowels on the building wall 2 be attached. On the one of the building wall 2 facing away from the outer surface of the insulation layer panels 7th a mineral mortar layer is used as a sub-plaster layer 8th upset. The concealed layer 17th can be a reinforcement fabric 13th include and then consists of a first sub-plaster layer 8th and a second sub-layer of sub-plaster 8th' . The entire plaster layer 17th , both of the sub-layers of sub-plaster made of mineral mortar 8th , 8th' as well as the reinforcement fabric 13th includes, extends over a thickness of approximately 10 mm. The top coat 9 is formed by a weather-resistant, preferably mineral, mortar. The layer of the outer top coat 9 is approx. 3 mm thick. The concealed layer 17th and the top coat 9 form the plaster layer. The plaster layer, consisting of the partial layers 9 and 17th can also consist of one layer. The plaster layer is 13 mm thick and can therefore prevent flames from penetrating the plaster layer and / or melted EPS from running out of the ETICS. The plaster layer that is the top coat 9 and the concealed layer 17th includes, remains closed for at least the required 25 minutes even at temperatures of more than 700 ° C up to 1000 ° C. It prevents the molten insulation material from running out and / or parts of the ETICS falling and hindering rescue measures. As a result, people, e.g. B. Rescue personnel and rescue equipment, not additionally endangered by the facade itself.

List of reference symbols

1

Building facade including state-of-the-art ETICS

2

Wall

3

Old layer of plaster on the wall

4th

the first three floors of a building // base fire risk zone // up to 9 m above ground level

5

Upper floors of a building // risk zone room fire // over 9 m to the end of the ETICS, including fire bar 10d

6th

Adhesive layer

7th

Insulation layer board

8th

first sub-layer of concealed plaster

8th'

second sub-layer of concealed plaster

9

Top coat of the plaster layer

10a-d

Fire bar from MW

11th

window

12th

Roof top edge

13th

Reinforcement mesh

14th

Dowels

15th

Ground level

17th

Plaster layer of the plaster layer

20th

Building facade according to the invention comprising ETICS

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Non-patent literature cited

• DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 [0003]
• DIN EN 13501-1: 2018 [0003]
• DIN 4102-20: 2017 [0003]
• MVVTB from the German Institute for Building Technology, edition 2017/1, Appendix 5 [0003]
• DIN 4102-24 [0003]
• DIN 4102-1: 1998 [0004, 0016]
• Standard DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 [0016, 0046]
• German Institute for Building Technology, Edition 2017/1 [0046]

Claims (17)

Thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) for installation on a facade, comprising: an adhesive layer, preferably a mineral adhesive layer; - An insulation layer made of a combustible thermal insulation material, preferably of building material class B2 or B1 according to DIN 4102-1: 1998; - A layer of plaster, the layer of plaster being a continuous layer of plaster and a thickness of greater than or equal to 13 mm. ETICS according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the insulating layer comprises a polystyrene, preferably an expanded polystyrene (EPS) and / or an extruded polystyrene (XPS), more preferably in each case with or without graphite components. ETICS according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the plaster layer comprises at least two sub-layers, at least one sub-layer being a sub-layer, preferably a mineral sub-layer, and at least one sub-layer being a top coat, preferably a mineral top coat. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ETICS is in a building with an overall height of> 7 m to 22 m, measured from the top of the site to the top of the floor of the last accessible floor and / or in a building with more than two building floors, but less than eleven storeys of the building, with no fire bar extending between the building storeys. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ETICS meets the requirements of a flame-retardant ETICS of the German standard DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 and / or in the case of a base fire test in accordance with Annex 5 of the sample administrative regulation for technical building regulations, no crack cuts through the plaster layer, These requirements are tested with a fire load of 200 kg of spruce wood directly in front of the facade. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one plaster layer comprises a reinforcement fabric, preferably at least one plaster layer, in particular at least one sub-plaster layer, comprises a reinforcing fabric. ETICS according to Claim 6 , characterized in that the reinforcement fabric has a mesh size of 3 - 6 x 3 - 6 mm, preferably a mesh size of 4 x 4 mm or a mesh size of 5 × 5 mm. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation layer has a thickness of 40 mm to 400 mm, preferably 40 mm to 200 mm. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulation layer has a bulk density between 10-25 kg / m ³ , preferably between 14-20 kg / m ³ . ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sub-plaster layer comprises a mineral plaster of building material class A2 according to DIN-4102-1: 1998, preferably building material class A1. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the plaster layer has a thickness of> 9 mm and <13 mm. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the top coat comprises a mineral plaster of building material class A2 according to DIN-4102-1: 1998, preferably building material class A1. ETICS according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the final coating of the plaster layer has a thickness of ≥ 3 mm and preferably ≤ 5 mm. Building facade, comprising an ETICS according to one of the Claims 1 until 13th . Building facade after Claim 14 , characterized in that an ETICS without fire bar extends between floors and / or around window lintels up to a building height of between> 7 m to 22 m, measured from the top of the site to the top of the floor of the last accessible floor and / or up to a height of more than two building floors, preferably more than three building floors, more preferably more than four building floors and up to less than eleven building floors, preferably less than ten building floors, more preferably less than nine building floors. Method for applying a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) according to one of the preceding claims to a wall of a building, characterized in that the thermal composite system is completed with a plaster layer with a thickness of at least 13 mm. Use of a plaster layer of at least 13 mm as part of a thermal insulation composite system (ETICS), characterized in that the ETICS meets the requirements of a flame-retardant ETICS of the German standard DIN 4102-1: 1998-05 and / or in the case of a base fire test in accordance with Annex 5 of the sample administrative regulation Technical building regulations no crack severed the plaster layer.

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